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In this paper, we firstly obtain a new generalized identity for twice partially differentiable functions Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. Then, using this equality, we obtain some midpoint-type inequalities for co-ordinated convex and co-ordinated concave functions. We also show that our result generalizes the give several inequalities obtained in earlier works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we first obtain an identity for differentiable mappings. Then, we establish some new generalized inequalities for differentiable convex functions involving some parameters and generalized fractional integrals. We show that these results reduce to several new Simpson-, midpoint- and trapezoid-type inequalities. The results given in this study are the generalizations of results proved in several earlier papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to test the validity of the purchasing power parity hypothesis with the help of panel unit root tests taking into account the cross-sectional dependence as well as structural breaks for ASEAN (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia). For this purpose, monthly data for the period 1995: 01-2017: 05 was used. According to the results of the Panel LM test which takes into account the structural breaks, it was found that the hypothesis of purchasing power parity is valid for ASEAN countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to compare heart rate recovery time and heart rate variation among the indicators of cardiac autonomic function between patients with glucometabolic abnormalities in various levels and normal glucose homeostasis. Methods: A total of 90 patients were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into four groups: impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (n=18), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n=25), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (n=21), and the control group (n=26). Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) was evaluated by the maximum exercise stress test and Holter electrocardiography. Results: The baseline heart rate in the DM group was higher than the IFG, IGT, and control groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (93.5±15.5, 87.8±9.4, 84.3±10.8, and 84.3±14.2, respectively; p=0.06). In multiple regression analysis FPG level was an independent variable, increased baseline heart rate was correlated with an elevated FPG level (constant: 71.35, p: 0.004). The metabolic equivalent of task (MET) value was lower in the DM group compared to the IFG, IGT, and control groups (9.9±1.2, 9.0±1.6, 9.78±1.46, 8.77±1.74 p=0.06). Conclusion: When compared to patients with normal glucose homeostasis heart rate at rest was higher in the IGT, IFG, and DM groups. Elevated fasting glucose levels were correlated with an increased baseline heart rate. A negative correlation was found between HbA1c levels and HRRT, and HR index. These finding indicate autonomic functions are impaired in patients with DM, IGT and IFG groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The market of women apparel is in a quite growing trend todays. So this big market has a great competition and businesses try to catch customer and get customer loyalty. But businesses should know how women make buying decision for fashion apparel products and what kinds of specific characteristics defines women in fashion apparel market. In this concept, consumer decision-making style inventory(CSI) of Kendall and Splores(1986) has been an useful tool for both businesses and academics to understand consumer's buying behavior and so determining specific sub-markets in related markets or sectors. With this study, it was purposed to determine women's decision-making styles in apparel products and get a significant sub-segments for apparel market. A survey method was used and this survey included the scale of Consumer Style Inventory(CSI) with 40-items were adapted for apparel products. Then this survey was implemented to females that visiting a big shopping mall that called as Outlet Center which was thought as one of biggest shopping areas in Kocaeli,Turkey. From distributed 500 survey forms, 390 of them was collected as suitable for analyses. Results of analyses showed that females could be segmented through consumer decision-making styles as perfect-brand lovers, hedonist-fashion keepers, confused-impulsive buyers and price keepers in female apparel market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes the time-varying nonlinear panel unit root test to investigate the convergence of ecological foot prints between the EU and candidate countries. Sixteen European countries (such as Albania, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden and Turkey) and analysis periods are selected according to data availability. This study proposes a cross-sectional Panel KSS with Fourier to test the convergence of the ecological footprints. Then, we combine this methodology with the rolling window method to take into account the time-varying stationarity of series. This study evaluated sub-components of ecological footprints separately and provided more comprehensive findings for the ecological footprint. According to empirical findings, this study proves that convergence or divergence does not show continuity over time. On the other side, this study points out the presence of divergence draws attention when considering the properties of the sub-components in general. As a result, this study shows that international policies by EU countries are generally accepted as successful to reduce ecological footprint, but these are not sufficient as expected. In this point, it is suggested to keep national policies to support international policies in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In all countries, the priority of policymakers is to reduce carbon emissions without reducing economic growth performance. Progress in innovation is one of the main measures that can be used to reduce carbon emissions. It is important to demonstrate the impact of innovation at the sectoral level, in terms of more realistic data on policy measures. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of innovation on carbon emissions on a sectorial basis for fourteen countries in the G20, for the period between 1991 and 2017. The selected countries are Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Mexico, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States for which data is available. The results show that the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is invalid and, in the long-term, innovations did not have a statistically significant effect on the energy sector, transport sector, and other sectors. It was also found that while an increase in innovation in the industrial sector leads to a reduction in carbon emissions, an increase in innovation in the construction sector increases carbon emissions. Therefore, it can be recommended that, in addition to national policies to reduce CO 2 emissions, specific policies should be implemented for each sector separately. • Innovation on carbon emission on a sectorial basis for 14 countries in G20 for 1971–2017. • The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is invalid. • Long-term innovations didn't have a significant effect on the energy sector, transport sector, and other sectors. • The increase in innovation in the industrial sector leads to a reduction in carbon emissions. • Increasing innovation in the construction sector increases carbon emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endocan is an indicator of many pathologies accompanied by inflammation, endothelial cell activation, and dysfunction. In this study, we examined the relationship between degenerative aortic sclerosis, which progresses in a similar pathophysiologic mechanism as atherosclerosis, and serum inflammatory markers and endocan levels. Methods: A total of 155 patients without known coronary artery disease, aged between 65 and 80 years, were consecutively included in the prospective cross-sectional study. The study population was analyzed in 4 different groups. The control group consisted of patients with normal aortic valve structure, while patients with aortic stenosis were classified as mild aortic stenosis (2-2.9 m/s), moderate aortic stenosis (3-3.9 m/s), and severe aortic stenosis (= 4 m/s) according to their aortic velocity. While there were 39 patients in the control group, there were 58, 24, and 34 patients in the mild, moderate, and severe aortic stenosis groups, respectively. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of patient distribution and characteristics. History of dyspnea and angina was correlated with the severity of aortic stenosis (P < .001). In this study, no statistically significant correlation was found between serum endocan levels and the severity of aortic stenosis (control group: 17.3 ± 6.3 ng/mL, mild aortic stenosis: 17.6 ± 8.7 ng/mL, moderate aortic stenosis: 16.3 ± 3.8 ng/mL, severe aortic stenosis: 15.2 ± 5.9 ng/mL, P = .396). However, it was figured out that there was a positive correlation between endocan levels and hemoglobin (Hg) (r = 0.308, P = .001), platelet (PLT) (r = 0.320, P < .001), and albumin (Alb) (r = 0.206, P = .026). Conclusion: In this study, no significant correlation was found between serum endocan levels and the severity of aortic stenosis. On the other hand, there was a positive correlation between endocan levels and Hg, PLT, and Alb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a man-made fluorosurfactant and global pollutant. PFOS a persistent and bioaccumulative compound, is widely distributed in humans and wildlife. Therefore, it was added to Annex B of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in May 2009. Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound abundant in the rhizome of the perennial herb turmeric. It is commonly used as a dietary spice and coloring agent in cooking and anecdotally as an herb in traditional Asian medicine. In this study, male rats were treated with three different PFOS doses (0.6, 1.25 and 2.5mg/kg) and one dose of curcumin, from Curcuma longa (80mg/kg) and combined three doses of PFOS with 80mg/kg dose of curcumin by gavage for 30days at 48h intervals. Here, we evaluated the DNA damage via single cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay and micronucleus test in bone marrow in vivo. PFOS induced micronucleus frequency and decreased the ratio of polychromatic erythrocyte to normochromatic erythrocyte in bone marrow. Using the alkaline comet assay, we showed that all doses of the PFOS strongly induced DNA damage in rat bone marrow and curcumin prevented the formation of DNA damage induced by PFOS. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]