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Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of antibiotic bone cement combined with the lobulated perforator flap based on the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (d-LCFA) in the treatment of infected traumatic tissue defects in the foot, in accordance with the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) concept. Methods: From December 2019 to November 2022, 10 patients with infected traumatic tissue defects of the foot were treated with antibiotic bone cement combined with the d-LCFA lobulated perforator flap. The cohort comprised 6 males and 4 females, aged 21 to 67 years. Initial infection control was achieved through debridement and coverage with antibiotic bone cement, requiring one debridement in nine cases and two debridements in one case. Following infection control, the tissue defects were reconstructed utilizing the d-LCFA lobulated perforator flap, with the donor site closed primarily. The flap area ranged from 12 cm×6 cm to 31 cm×7 cm. Postoperative follow-up included evaluation of flap survival, donor site healing, and ambulatory function of the foot. Results: The follow-up period ranged from 7 to 24 months, averaging 14 months. Infection control was achieved successfully in all cases. The flaps exhibited excellent survival rates and the donor site healed by first intention. Based on the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale, pain and function were evaluated as excellent in 3 cases, good in 5 cases, and moderate in 2 cases. Conclusion: The application of antibiotic bone cement combined with the d-LCFA lobulated perforator flap is an effective treatment for infected traumatic tissue defects of the foot with the advantages of simplicity, high repeatability, and precise curative effects. The application of the d-LCFA lobulated perforator flap in wound repair causes minimal damage to the donor site, shortens hospital stays, lowers medical expenses, and accelerates patient rehabilitation, aligning with the ERAS concept. Therefore, it is a practice worth promoting in clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under hydrothermal condition, lactate derivative (R)‐4‐(1‐ carboxyethoxy)‐2‐methylbenzoic acid ((R)‐H2cma) as chiral synthon assembled with 4,4′‐di(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl (4,4'‐dib) and Ni(II) ions to obtain complex {[Ni2((R)‐cma)2(4,4'‐dib)2(H2O)] ⋅ 2H2O}n (HU20‐R). In complex HU20‐R, carboxyl group from lactate unit of (R)‐cma2− anion and coordinating H2O molecule adopt a μ2‐coordination mode to obtain dinuclear [Ni2(CO2)2(H2O)]2+ cluster. (R)‐cma2− anions and Ni(II) ions build single left‐handed (R)‐cma‐Ni‐chain, while 4,4'‐dib ligands are bridged by different Ni(II) centers to form double left‐handed 4,4'‐dib‐Ni‐chain. These helical secondary structures are further connected together to result in an 8‐connected 3D framework. PXRD tests indicated that complex HU20‐R has well hydro‐stability. UV‐vis absorption experiment confirmed that HU20‐R is a semi‐conducting material with strong absorption capacity for ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐vis) light. Additionally, electrochemical experiment revealed that HU20‐R has low impedance and high charge transport capacity. Further test results confirm that HU20‐R has noticeable photo‐catalytic effect in photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and antiferromagnetic property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insulin has been shown to modulate neuronal processes through insulin receptors. The ion channels located on neurons may be important targets for insulin/insulin receptor signaling. Both insulin receptors and acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. However, it is still unclear whether there is an interaction between them. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of insulin on the functional activity of ASICs. A 5 min application of insulin rapidly enhanced acid-evoked ASIC currents in rat DRG neurons in a concentration-dependent manner. Insulin shifted the concentration–response plot for ASIC currents upward, with an increase of 46.2 ± 7.6% in the maximal current response. The insulin-induced increase in ASIC currents was eliminated by the insulin receptor antagonist GSK1838705, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor lavendustin A, and the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase antagonist wortmannin. Moreover, insulin increased the number of acid-triggered action potentials by activating insulin receptors. Finally, local administration of insulin exacerbated the spontaneous nociceptive behaviors induced by intraplantar acid injection and the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by intramuscular acid injections through peripheral insulin receptors. These results suggested that insulin/insulin receptor signaling enhanced the functional activity of ASICs via tyrosine kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase pathways. Our findings revealed that ASICs were targets in primary sensory neurons for insulin receptor signaling, which may underlie insulin modulation of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On December 4, 2020, a massive high-locality landslide occurred at Qingliu Village, Li County, Sichuan Province, China (UTC + 8). This event resulted in a landslide deposit of approximately 34.8 × 104 m3, causing the destruction of two roads and several houses on the hillslope and blocking a downstream river. Extensive field investigations, UAV photography, borehole drilling, and GNSS monitoring were conducted after the landslide. Additionally, a PFC3D numerical simulation was used to reproduce the movement of the landslide after calibrating its meso-strength parameters. Based on the motion and deposit characteristics, the landslide is divided into a major sliding zone (comprising the source zone, impact-shoveling zone, and deposition zone) and a landslide-affected zone. The primary triggering factor for the Qingliu landslide is the slope mass damage caused by frequent preceding earthquakes. On the other side, the direct triggers are continuous rainfall and upslope meltwater, which increased the weight and further weakened the strength of the slope mass. The landslide initiation involves the formation of a tensile crack in the major sliding zones, followed by the shoveling of loose debris by the displaced landslide mass, and then termination with the striking at the slope foot and damming a river. This study offers valuable insights into the evolutionary processes of high-locality landslides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the clamping process in an injection-molding machine, the mold's movement is directly driven by the velocity of the crosshead. The form of the adjustment on the crosshead's kinematics can influence the final dynamics of the mold, which can contribute to the stability of the clamping duration further. This article is aimed at investigating the kinematics analysis and the stability management strategy of the mold in the early design stage for the clamping mechanism. The two different velocity-controlled forms of the crosshead, constant and variable kinematics adjustments, are applied and compared in the clamping analysis. Three factors of the crosshead, the maximum velocity, the acceleration/deceleration stage adjustment, and the multi acceleration/deceleration process, are validated for the stability control of the mold's motion in the injection molding process. The results show an extra "fast" process is detected in the constant condition when compared to the variable crosshead's kinematics adjustment. Furthermore, by the reasonable adjustment of the maximum velocity and two special positions of the crosshead during the acceleration and deceleration stages, the maximum acceleration fluctuation of the mold is decreased by more than 50%, allowing the mold to move more steadily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs) [Ni((L)-ccba)(1,3,5-tmib)(H2O)0.5]n (HU17-L) and [Ni((D)-ccba)(1,3,5-tmib)(H2O)0.5]n (HU17-D) were prepared from alanine derivatives (L)-H2ccba and (D)-H2ccba in the presence of auxiliary N-donor linker 1,3,5-tmib (H2ccba = 4-((1-carboxyethyl)-carbamoyl)benzoic acid, 1,3,5-tmib = 1,3,5-tris(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene). HU17-L and HU17-D are three-dimensional (3D) enantiomers based on dinuclear [Ni2(CO2)2(H2O)]2+ clusters. Helical motifs are their outstanding structural features. In HU17-L and HU17-D, (L)-ccba2- and (D)-ccba2- anions constructed left-handed (L)-ccba-Ni chain and right-handed (D)-ccba-Ni chain through chiral transfer, respectively. Moreover, achiral 1,3,5-tmib linkers were bridged together by Ni(II) centers to obtain left-handed 1,3,5-tmib-Ni chain in HU17-L and right-handed 1,3,5-tmib-Ni chain in HU17-Dvia asymmetric induction, respectively. Topological analysis revealed that these frameworks are 8-connected fcu nets with point symbol (424.64). Magnetic tests indicate that antiferromagnetic interactions exist in these complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas, a.k.a. Crassostrea gigas), the most widely farmed oysters, are under threat from climate change and emerging pathogens. In part, their resilience may be affected by their microbiome, which, in turn, may be influence d by ocean warming and acidification. To understand these impacts, we exposed earlydevelopment Pacific oyster spat to different temperatures (18°C and 24°C) and pCO2 levels (800, 1,600, and 2,800 µatm) in a fully crossed design for 3 weeks. Under all conditions, the microbiome changed over time, with a large decrease in the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic ciliates (Uronema marinum) in all treatments with time. The microbiome composition differed significantly with temperature, but not acidification, indicating that Pacific oyster spat microbiomes can be altered by ocean warming but is resilient to ocean acidification in our experiments. Microbial taxa differed in relative abundance with temperature, implying different adaptive strategies and ecological specializations among microorganisms. Additionally, a small proportion (~0.2% of the total taxa) of the relatively abundant microbial taxa were core constituents (>50% occurrence among samples) across different temperatures, pCO2 levels, or time. Some taxa, including A4b bacteria and members of the family Saprospiraceae in the phyla Chloroflexi (syn. Chloroflexota) and Bacteroidetes (syn. Bacteroidota), respectively, as well as protists in the genera Labyrinthula and Aplanochytrium in the class Labyrinthulomycetes, and Pseudoperkinsus tapetis in the class Ichthyosporea were core constituents across temperatures, pCO2 levels, and time, suggesting that they play an important, albeit unknown, role in maintaining the structural and functional stability of the P acific oyster spat microbiome in response to ocean warming and acidification. These findings highlight the flexibility of the spat microbiome to environmental changes. IMPORTANCE Pacific oysters are the most economically important and widely farmed species of oyster, and their production depends on healthy oyster spat. In turn, spat health and productivity are affected by the associated microbiota; yet, studies have not scrutinized the effects of temperature and pCO2 on the prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbiomes of spat. Here, we show that both the prokaryotic and, for the first time, eukaryotic microbiome of Pacific oyster spat are surprisingly resilient to changes in acidification, but sensitive to ocean warming. The findings have potential implications for oyster survival amid climate change and underscore the need to understand temperature and pCO2 effects on the microbiome and the cascading effects on oyster health and productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the most important component of steel structure, the panel zone has done a lot of research. In this article, the influence of the thickness of the panel zone on the performance of the multi-story steel frame is studied through the dynamic elastic-plastic time-history analysis of the panel zone models with different thickness. Then the appropriate thickness of the panel zone is summarised. The research conclusions are as follows: The displacement of each story is uniform and the displacement of the first story decreases after considering the influence of panel zone. While the residual deformation increases. When the thickness of panel zone is increased by three or four times, the residual deformation decreases significantly. The inter-layer displacement, plastic deformation energy, velocity conversion, maximum ductility ratio and maximum cumulative ductility ratio are closer to those of the frame model which is not consider the influence of panel zone when the panel zone is increased by three times. It concluded that the influence of panel zone should be considered, and the thickness of panel zone needs to be thickened by three or four times according to the model in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ligand (R)-2-(1-carboxyethoxy)terephthalic acid ((R)-H3CTA) with excellent fluorescence has been prepared from (S)-methyl lactate and 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid. With the help of 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-BIP), (R)-H3CTA assembled with Zn2+ to obtain {[Zn((R)-CTA)(4,4′-BIP)2] · H2O}n (HU13-R) under hydrothermal conditions. In HU13-R, (R)-CTA3− anions and Zn(II) centers resulted in a (R)-CTA-Zn layer, and then adjacent (R)-CTA-Zn layers and 4,4′-BIP ligands further formed a typical pillared-layer structure with a (3,5)-connected net. Besides excellent water stability, HU13-R has strong solid-state fluorescence. As a bright luminescent material, detection limit from HU13-R is up to 3.22 × 10−6 M for Cr2O72− and 5.92 × 10−6 M for MnO4−, showing high sensitivity for anions. The presence of different anions does not interfere with its recognition ability for Cr2O72− and MnO4−. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Jianli pig, a renowned indigenous breed in China, has the characteristics of a two-end black (TEB) coat color, excellent meat quality, strong adaptability and increased prolificacy. However, there is limited information available regarding the genetic diversity, population structure and genomic regions under selection of Jianli pig. On the other hand, the genetic mechanism of TEB coat color has remained largely unknown. Results: In this study, the whole genome resequencing of 30 Jianli pigs within a context of 153 individuals representing 13 diverse breeds was performed. The population structure analysis revealed that Jianli pigs have close genetic relationships with the Tongcheng pig breed, their geographical neighbors. Three methods (observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity, and runs of homozygosity) implied a relatively high level of genetic diversity and, a low inbreeding coefficient in Jianli compared with other pigs. We used Fst and XP-EHH to detect the selection signatures in Jianli pigs compared with Asian wild boar. A total of 451 candidate genes influencing meat quality (CREBBP, ADCY9, EEPD1 and HDAC9), reproduction (ESR1 and FANCA), and coat color (EDNRB, MITF and MC1R), were detected by gene annotation analysis. Finally, to fine-map the genomic region for the two-end black (TEB) coat color phenotype in Jianli pigs, we performed three signature selection methods between the TEB coat color and no-TEB coat color pig breeds. The current study, further confirmed that the EDNRB gene is a candidate gene for TEB color phenotype found in Chinese pigs, including Jinhua pigs, and the haplotype harboring 25 SNPs in the EDNRB gene may promote the formation of TEB coat color. Further ATAC-seq and luciferase reporter assays of these regions suggest that the 25-SNPs region was a strong candidate causative mutation that regulates the TEB coat color phenotype by altering enhancer function. Conclusion: Our results advanced the understanding of the genetic mechanism behind artificial selection, and provided further resources for the protection and breeding improvement of Jianli pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial growth and mortality are fundamental to community assembly and drive the elemental biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Virus-induced host lysis contributes, on average, half of prokaryotic mortality and has a substantial effect on composition and diversity of marine microbes. Nevertheless, virus-mediated taxon-specific cell lysis is few studied to date. In the present study, we investigated the taxon-specific cell lysis and estimated its contribution to the variations of community composition in rare and abundant microbial taxa. The dominant taxa Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, SAR11, and Rhodobacteraceae displayed lower cell lysis index (CLI, the rate of extracellular to intracellular rRNA) in surface seawater. Meanwhile, Alteromonas, Pseudomonas, and Halomonas had high CLI values in the bottom seawater. Cell lysis contributed a larger percentage of variation in rare taxa (5.0%–9.4%) than in abundant taxa (0.1%– 1.7%). Furthermore, linear regression analysis indicated that rare taxa were more likely to experience higher viral lysis pressure relative to abundant taxa. Our findings provide insight into the impact of virus-mediated cell lysis on prokaryotic community structure and diversity and further improve our understanding of the various abiotic and biotic factors contributing to community assembly in the ocean. IMPORTANCE Virus-induced host lysis contributes up to 40% of total prokaryotic mortality and plays crucial roles in shaping microbial composition and diversity in the ocean. Nonetheless, what taxon-specific cell lysis is caused by viruses remains to be studied. The present study, therefore, examined the taxon-specific cell lysis and estimated its contribution to the variations in the rare and abundant microbial taxa. The results demonstrate that taxon-specific mortality differed in surface and bottom of the coastal environment. In addition, active rare taxa are more susceptible to heightened lytic pressure and suggested the importance of viral lysis in regulating the microbial community composition. These results improve our understanding of bottom-up (abiotic environmental variables) and top-down (viral lysis) controls contributing to microbial community assembly in the ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient and excellent nanoparticles are required for the degradation of organic dyes in photocatalysis. In this study, silver–manganese oxide nanoparticles (Ag-Mn-NPs) were synthesized through a wet chemical precipitation method and characterized as an advanced catalyst that has enhanced photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation. The nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), XRD, UV–vis light spectra, and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, revealing their spherical and agglomerated form. The EDX spectra confirmed the composition of the nanoparticles, indicating their presence in oxide form. These bimetallic oxide nanoparticles were employed as photocatalysts for the degradation of malachite green (MG) dye under sunlight irradiation in an aqueous medium. The study investigated the effects of various parameters, such as irradiation time, catalyst dosage, recovered catalyst dosage, dye concentration, and pH, on the dye's photodegradation. The results showed that Ag-Mn oxide nanoparticles exhibited high photocatalytic activity, degrading 92% of the dye in 100 min. A longer irradiation time led to increased dye degradation. Moreover, a higher catalyst dosage resulted in a higher dye degradation percentage, with 91% degradation achieved using 0.0017 g of the photocatalyst in 60 min. Increasing the pH of the medium also enhanced the dye degradation, with 99% degradation achieved at pH 10 in 60 min. However, the photodegradation rate decreased with increasing dye concentration. The Ag-Mn oxide nanoparticles demonstrate excellent potential as a reliable visible-light-responsive photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to break the limitation of plasma nitriding technology, which can only be applied to a few non-metallic gaseous elements, the "double glow discharge phenomenon" was defined and then the "double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology" was invented. This double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology can use any element of the Periodic Table for surface alloying of metallic materials. Countless surface alloys with special physical and chemical properties have been produced on the surfaces of conductive materials. By using the double glow discharge phenomenon, a series of new double glow plasma technologies have been developed to apply to surface metallurgy, graphene technology, brazing, sintering, arc plasma surface alloying, nanotechnology, cleaning, carburizing without hydrogen, and so on. This article briefly introduces the basic principles, functions, and characteristics of each technology. The application prospects and development directions of plasma in metallic materials and the machinery manufacturing industry will also be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

S-type granites constitute an important component of the Paleoproterozoic Khondalite Belt in the North China Craton. Here we present results from petrography, geochemistry and isotope geochronology on the porphyritic garnet-bearing syenogranite and garnet-bearing monzogranite samples in the Jining-Liangcheng area. The geochemical characteristics of these samples indicate formation through partial anatexis of the khondalites, with heat and material input from mantle-derived magma. Geochemical similarities between the porphyritic garnet-bearing syenogranite, garnet-bearing monzogranite, and metapelitic gneiss suggest their broad affinity. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe zircon U–Pb dating revealed that the S-type granites formed at ca. 1.92–1.90 Ga and were subsequently metamorphosed at ca. 1.85 Ga. The ca. 1.92–1.91 Ga porphyritic garnet-bearing syenogranite shows zircon εHf(t) values of −1.94–+3.38 with two-stage Hf crustal model ages (TDM2) ages of ca. 2.42–2.59 Ga. The 1.91–1.90-Ga garnet-bearing monzogranites show zircon εHf(t) values ranging from −4.36 to +0.38, with TDM2 ranging from ca. 2.57 to ca. 2.82 Ga. The geochemical isotopic compositions suggest that the porphyritic garnet-bearing syenogranite and garnet-bearing monzogranite originated from the partial melting of pre-existing crust of heterogeneous compositions with the addition of mantle-derived material. On the basis of our results, combined with geological data on the Paleoproterozoic structural evolution of the Khondalite Belt, we assume that the timing of the metamorphism and anatexis in the Jining–Liangcheng area is correlated with a regional metamorphism and mantle-derived magmatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron (Fe) deficiency is common in agricultural crops and affects millions of people worldwide. Translocation of Fe in the xylem is a key step for Fe distribution in plants. The mechanism controlling this process remains largely unknown. Here, we report that two Arabidopsis ferroxidases, LPR1 and LPR2, play a crucial and redundant role in controlling Fe translocation in the xylem. LPR1 and LPR2 are mainly localized in the cell walls of xylem vessels and the surrounding cells in roots, leaves, and stems. Knockout of both LPR1 and LPR2 increased the proportion of Fe(II) in the xylem sap, and caused Fe deposition along the vascular bundles especially in the petioles and main veins of leaves, which was alleviated by blocking blue light. The lpr1 lpr2 double mutant displayed constitutive expression of Fe deficiency response genes and overaccumulation of Fe in the roots and mature leaves under Fe-sufficient supply, but Fe deficiency chlorosis in the new leaves and inflorescences under low Fe supply. Moreover, the lpr1 lpr2 double mutant showed lower Fe concentrations in the xylem and phloem saps, and impaired 57Fe translocation along the xylem. In vitro assays showed that Fe(III)-citrate, the main form of Fe in xylem sap, is easily photoreduced to Fe(II)-citrate, which is unstable and prone to adsorption by cell walls. Taken together, these results indicate that LPR1 and LPR2 are required to oxidize Fe(II) and maintain Fe(III)-citrate stability and mobility during xylem translocation against photoreduction. Our study not only uncovers an essential physiological role of LPR1 and LPR2 but also reveals a new mechanism by which plants maintain Fe mobility during long-distance translocation in the xylem. The ferroxidases LPR1 and LPR2 are localized in the call wall of xylem vessels and the surrounding cells and play a crucial role in iron translocation along the xylem of Arabidopsis plants. The two enzymes oxidize ferrous iron for the formation of ferric-citrate complexes and maintain the stability and mobility of ferric-citrate complexes during xylem translocation against light-induced reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 68-year-old female presented with a 5-day history of melena. The patient had a prolonged history of irregular aspirin use. Physical examination revealed pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, with the absence of abdominal tenderness. Laboratory investigations showed normocytic anemia (70.0 g/L) and positive fecal occult blood. Liver function, kidney function, and tumor markers were within normal ranges. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a submucosal lesion in the duodenal bulb, measuring approximately 2 cm × 2 cm and resembling a “doughnut,” with central ulceration and surrounding mucosal vascular dilation. Biopsy histopathology confirmed a G2-grade neuroendocrine tumor. Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT indicated thickening of the duodenal bulb wall with slight enlargement of surrounding lymph nodes. Subsequently, the patient underwent a distal gastrectomy with resection of the duodenal bulb. Postoperative pathology revealed the absence of vascular invasion and lymph node infiltration. Follow-up examinations, including gastric endoscopy and abdominal CT, revealed no signs of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under solvothermal synthetic condition, lactate derivatives (R)-5-(1- carboxyethoxy)isophthalic acid ((R)-H 3 CIA) and (S)-5-(1-carboxyethoxy)isophthalic acid ((S)–H 3 CIA) assembled with Ca(Ⅱ) and Mn(Ⅱ) ions to obtain enantiomers {[MnCa 0.5 ((R)-CIA)(H 2 O)]·((CH 3) 2 NH 2 CH 3 CO 2) 0.5 (H 2 O)} n (HU21- R ) and {[MnCa 0.5 ((S)-CIA)(H 2 O)]·((CH 3) 2 NH 2 CH 3 CO 2) 0.5 (H 2 O)} n (HU21– S ), respectively. Complexes HU21- R and HU21– S belong to orthorhombic crystal system with chiral space group I 2 1 2 1 2 1. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that all oxygen atoms of synthons (R)-CIA3- and (S)-CIA3- participated in the coordination with metal ions. Thus, semi-rigid (R)-CIA3- and (S)-CIA3- anions become rigid linkers in HU21- R and HU21– S . Fragments of (R)-CIA3- anion are connected by Ca(Ⅱ) ions to build right-handed double helical chains in HU21- R , while the enantiomeric left-handed double helixes are constructed by (S)-CIA3- fragments and Ca(Ⅱ) ions in HU21– S . Additionally, Mn(Ⅱ) centers and CIA3− anions resulted in a rare 4,4,4-connected net with point symbol of (42.62.82) 3 (42.64). Ca(Ⅱ) ions were further filed into Mn-CIA-framework to form a three dimensional structure with one dimensional channel. Moreover, magnetic test indicates that the framework has a canted antiferromagnetic behavior. Enantiomeric lactate derivatives as rigid synthons assembled with Ca(Ⅱ) and Mn(Ⅱ) ions to result in three dimensional helical heterometallic frameworks with one dimensional channels. [Display omitted] • Chiral heterometallic framework. • Double helical chain. • Lactate derivative as rigid synthon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In different solvent system, (R)-H 2 cma as chiral synthon assembled with 1,3-dpp and Ni2+ ion to build a 2D helical complex and a 3D helical framework. [Display omitted] Compound (R)-4-(1-carboxyethoxy)-2-methylbenzoic acid ((R)-H 2 cma) was prepared from (S)-methyl lactate and 4-hydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid. (R)-H 2 cma as chiral synthon assembled with 1,3-di(pyridin-4-yl)propane (1,3-dpp) and Ni2+ ions to obtain helical chiral complexes {[Ni 2 ((R)-cma) 2 (1.3-dpp) 2 ]·H 2 O} n (HU18- R ) and {[Ni 2 ((R)-cma) 2 (1.3-dpp) 2 (H 2 O)]·3H 2 O} n (HU19- R ) in different solvent systems. Single crystal tests revealed that HU18- R is a two-dimensional (2D) structure with two independent Ni2+ centers and HU19- R is a three-dimensional (3D) framework containing dinuclear [Ni 2 (CO 2) 2 (H 2 O)]2+ clusters. Four types of helices were formed in HU18- R and HU19- R by chiral transfer or induction. In HU18- R , small right-handed (R)-cma-Ni chain and large right-handed (R)-cma-Ni-1.3-dpp chain were constructed by chiral transfer. For HU19- R , helical nano-channel based on achiral 1.3-dpp ligands and Ni2+ ions was obtained from chiral induction method and small (R)-cma-Ni chain was built from chiral transfer. As semi-conducting materials, HU18- R and HU19- R indicate strong absorption capacity for UV–vis light and low-impedance properties. Under UV light, they have noticeable catalytic effects for degradation of methylene blue (MB). Moreover, magnetic tests confirmed that HU18- R and HU19- R have ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic properties, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in carcinogenesis, but its role in embryo implantation has not yet been well studied. In the present study we evaluated the hypothesis that ZEB1-induced EMT is essential for embryo implantation in vivo. Endometrial epithelium from female Kunming mice (non-pregnant, and pregnant from day 2.5 to 6.5) were collected for assessment of mRNA/protein expression of ZEB1, and EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin, by employment of real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. To test if knockdown of ZEB1 affects embryo implantation in vivo, mice received intrauterine injection of shZEB1 before the number of embryos implanted was counted. The results showed that, ZEB1 was highly expressed at both mRNA and protein levels in the mouse endometrium on day 4.5 of pregnancy, paralleled with down-regulated E-cadherin and up-regulated vimentin expression (P < 0.05). Intrauterine injection of shZEB1 markedly suppressed embryo implantation in mice (P < 0.01). Conclusively, the present work demonstrated that ZEB1 is essential for embryo implantation under in vivo condition, and is possibly due to its effect on modulation of endometrial receptivity through EMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two episodes of late Neoarchean-early Paleoproterozoic and late Paleoproterozoic garnet-bearing leucogranite, named the Baotou and Jining–Liangcheng garnet-bearing leucogranite are recognized from the Khondalite Belt in the North China Craton. Geochemical studies show that garnet-bearing leucogranite has high Al2O3 content and FeOT/MgO ratio, with a large variation in the CaO content and K2O/Na2O ratio. Additionally, the garnet-bearing leucogranite is enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements and depleted in Nb, Ta, P, and Ti. However, there are some variations in Eu anomalies, as indicated by the Eu-enriched and Eu-depleted patterns. The sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) zircon U-Pb dating of the Baotou garnet-bearing leucogranite and Jining–Liangcheng garnet-bearing leucogranite show that their anatectic ages were 2.35–2.43 Ga and 1.90–1.92 Ga, respectively, with zircon εHf (t) values of −0.01–3.93 and −4.36–1.99, and two-stage model ages (TDM2) of 2.76–3.02 Ga and 2.57–2.83 Ga, respectively. U-Th-Pb SHRIMP analyses on zircon reveal ages of ca. 2.35–2.47 Ga for the Baotou metapelite gneiss and ca. 1.90–1.91 Ga for the Jining–Liangcheng metapelite gneiss, which represent the ages of tectonic metamorphic events related to the anatexis. Our results, combined with geological and petrographical observations, geochemistry, and geochronology, suggest that (1) Garnet-bearing leucogranites formed as a result of anatexis of metapelite gneisses; (2) They are mixtures of leucosomes, residual minerals and mantle-derived materials; (3) Two episodes of garnet-bearing leucogranites have been identified; (4) Both two episodes of garnet-bearing leucogranites corresponded to late Neoarchean-early Paleoproterozoic and late Palaeoproterozoic tectonothermal events, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accumulating evidence indicates that the glymphatic system has a critical role in maintaining brain homeostasis. However, the detailed anatomy of the glymphatic pathway is not well understood, mostly due to a lack of high spatial resolution 3D visualization. In this study, a fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) was used to characterize the glymphatic architecture in the mouse brain. At 30 and 120 min after intracisternal infusion with fluorescent dextran (Dex-3), lectin was injected to stain the cerebral vasculature. Using fMOST, a high-resolution 3D dataset of the brain-wide distribution of Dex-3 was acquired. Combined with fluorescence microscopy and microplate array, the heterogeneous glymphatic flow and the preferential irrigated regions were identified. These cerebral regions containing large-caliber penetrating arteries and/or adjacent to the subarachnoid space had more robust CSF flow compared to other regions. Moreover, the major glymphatic vessels for CSF influx and fluid efflux in the entire brain were shown in 3D. This study demonstrates the regional heterogeneity in the glymphatic system and provides an anatomical resource for further investigation of the glymphatic function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jiamusi‐Khanka Massif is an important tectonic unit of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt in North‐east China. Its Late Palaeozoic tectonic properties and the timing of assembly have restricted the understanding of the tectonic evolution process at the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt for a long time. Based on the study of clastic rock petrology and zircon U–Pb chronology of the Early Permian Erlongshan Formation in Mishan, it is clear that the zircon age of the Early Permian Erlongshan Formation in Mishan is mainly Late Palaeozoic, with a major age peak at 300 ± 3 Ma and secondary age peaks at 356 ± 7 Ma and 475 ± 10 Ma. The provenance mainly comes from the magmatic arc source area, and Early Palaeozoic (500–420 Ma) detrital zircons mainly come from the south‐east margin of Jiamusi Massif, Late Palaeozoic (400–270 Ma) detrital zircons mainly come from the eastern margin of Jiamusi Massif and the northern margin of Khanka Massif. Among them, detrital zircons of a special age group 330–310 Ma come from the north of Khanka Massif, while 490–470 Ma detrital zircons which are common in the Early‐Middle Permian strata of Khanka Massif come from Jiamusi Massif. Combined with the evidence of petrology and palaeontology, this paper believes that the Early Permian Jiamusi Massif and Khanka Massif should be a unified Massif, that is, Jiamusi‐Khanka Massif. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We performed U–Pb dating of detrital zircons and conducted petrological and whole-rock geochemical analyses to assess the provenance of the Upper Triassic – Lower Jurassic clastic rocks in the southeastern margin of the South China Block. Detrital zircon U–Pb ages are mainly classified into age groups of 2000–1700, 900–700, 490–390 and 280–210 Ma, consistent with derivation from the Jiangnan orogenic belt, Nanling Belt, as well as Wuyi and Yunkai domains. Lower Jurassic samples yield a special main age population of 200–190 Ma, and these detrital zircon grains have low Th/U and Nb/Hf ratios and high Th/Nb and Hf/Th ratios, showing they are derived from a continental magmatic arc. However, the cross-correlation and likeness coefficients of kernel density estimates of Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic sandstones are 0.8608 and 0.8403, indicating that their populations are highly similar. Since the tectonic setting is the key factor in controlling the relationship between source and sink, the stable supply of identical provenance suggests that the tectonic setting did not significantly change during Late Triassic – Early Jurassic time. Sandstone petrography, regional facies distribution and the detrital zircon age patterns all reflect a consistent tectonic setting for the South China Block during Late Triassic – Early Jurassic time. The Palaeo-Pacific subduction therefore did not control the tectonic evolution of the South China Block until after the Early Jurassic Epoch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the presence of nitrogen heterocyclic compound 2,5-di(1 H -imidazole-1 -yl)pyridine (2,5-DIP), luminescent chiral synthons (R)-H 3 CTA and (S)–H 3 CTA assembled with Zn2+ ions to obtain enantiomers [Zn((R)-HCTA) (2,5-DIP)] n (HU14 -R ) and [Zn((S)-HCTA) (2,5-DIP)] n (HU14– S )) under hydrothermal condition, respectively. Partially deprotonated (R)-HCTA2- anions were bridged by Zn2+ ions to form small left-handed (R)-HCTA-Zn chain in HU14- R , while (S)-HCTA2- anions and Zn2+ ions were connected together resulting in enantiomeric right-handed chain in HU14– S . Moreover, larger left-handed (R)-HCTA-Zn-2,5-DIP chain and right-handed (S)-HCTA-Zn-2,5-DIP chain were found in HU14 -R and HU14– S , respectively. These helical building blocks were joined together to create a pair of 3D frameworks with dia net, which show strong fluorescent characteristic and circular dichroism response. Further tests proved that HU14 -R and HU14– S have circularly polarized light (CPL) activity and their luminescence anisotropy factors (g 1um) at 358 nm are +0.00346 and −0.00157, respectively. Moreover, as fluorescent probes, they have high stability, reliability and interference detection rate, and detection limits are up to 2.80 × 10−6 M for Cr 2 O 7 2− and 6.19 × 10−6 M for MnO 4 −. [Display omitted] • Chiral synthon with bright fluorescence. • Circular polarization luminescence activity. • High sensitivity and selective recognition for Cr 2 O 7 2− and MnO 4 − ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ruthenium complexes are one of the most promising anticancer drugs and ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death, the study on the effect of Ru complexes on ferroptosis is helpful to find more effective antitumor drugs. Here, the synthesis and characterization of two Ru complexes containing 8-hydroxylquinoline and triphenylphosphine as ligands, [Ru(L 1) (PPh 3) 2 Cl 2 ] (Ru-1), [Ru(L 2) (PPh 3) 2 Cl 2 ] (Ru-2), were reported. Complexes Ru-1 ∼ Ru-2 showed good anticancer activity in Hep-G2 cells. Researches indicated that complexes Ru-1 ∼ Ru-2 could be enriched and appear as red fluorescence in the mitochondria, arouse dysfunction of mitochondria, induce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO), while the morphology of nuclei and cell apoptosis had no significant change. Further experiments proved that GPX4 and Ferritin were down-regulated, which eventually triggered ferroptosis in Hep-G2 cells. Remarkably, Ru-1 showed high inhibitory activity against xenograft tumor growth in vivo (TGIR = 49%). This study shows that the complex Ru-1 could act as a novel drug candidate by triggering cell ferroptosis. Mitochondria-localizing triphenylphosphine-8-hydroxyquinoline Ru complexes Ru-1 ∼ Ru-2 could be enriched and appear as red fluorescence in the mitochondria, triggering ferroptosis in Hep-G2 cells. Moreover, Ru-1 showed high inhibitory activity in vivo (TGIR = 49%). [Display omitted] • Two Ru complexes containing 8-hydroxylquinoline and triphenylphosphine as ligands were firstly synthesized and characterized. • Ru-1 ∼ Ru-2 could be enriched and appear as red fluorescence in the mitochondria, triggering ferroptosis in Hep-G2 cells. • Ru-1 showed high inhibitory activity against xenograft tumor growth in vivo (TGIR = 49%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The damage to power transmission and distribution equipment in different regions is inseparable from the erosion of natural and artificial disasters, affecting the power grid's regular power supply and users' typical power consumption. Therefore, research on failure risk prediction technology for power transmission and distribution equipment under different disasters has increasingly become critical to power grid reliability. Based on the combination mode of forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM), this study proposes a disaster response failure prediction model that considers the time cumulative effect of disaster elements. Based on this model, the failure degree indicators of different disaster elements are constructed by analyzing the relationship between disaster frequency and time. Then, the historical disaster data is used to calculate the index and form a training set with the monitoring data. The binary decision graph transformation method is combined with the adjacent node priority method to obtain the minimum cut set, and the SVM regression method is used to train to get the prediction model. The experimental results show that the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method are verified through the analysis of numerical examples and comparison of various techniques. The model's accuracy is 8.63 % higher than that of the traditional disaster prediction model, and the error rate of disaster failure prediction analysis is not more than 0.01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellulose is the most abundant, renewable carbohydrate resource in nature, providing human society with a broad spread of materials for production and living. Compared with the mature textile and paper industries, technologies for cellulose utilization to produce energy and chemicals are still under development. In particular, the depolymerization of cellulose to glucose and further transformation into various fuel compounds or chemicals has received considerable attention as a sustainable approach to address the energy crisis and environmental issues raised by massive fossil consumption. Among various cellulose derived molecule types, ester is one of the most appealing owing to its unique physicochemical properties, reactivities and functions. This review summarizes recent advances in the chemical synthesis of esters from cellulose and its derivatives. Various esters, including alkyl levulinates, γ-valerolactone, valerates, pentenoates, lactates etc., have been effectively prepared from cellulose feedstock or its downstream platform compounds. The catalytic systems were highlighted with rational integration of the active sites for the tandem reactions involved in the conversions. The kinetics, process integration, selectivity control and catalysis mechanism were also discussed in detail. Finally, an outlook of the future direction, as well as the challenges, for cellulose ester production were also illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing catalysts with high electrochemical activity and stability for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a pivotal step for sustainable water splitting. Interface engineering can represent a practical approach to enhance catalytic performance. In this work, a cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique as an intentional surface reconstruction strategy is utilized to promote FeCoNiCrVB as a highly active OER catalyst. The activated electrocatalyst manifests enhanced catalytic activity with a low overpotential of 237 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 24.2 mV dec-1, compared with the pristine one (332 mV & 46.2 mV dec-1). The excellent activity and long-term stability make reconstructed FeCoNiCrVB a promising candidate to catalyze the OER process. The amorphous state, highly active sites and entropy engineering jointly contribute to its advanced OER performance. This work shows the great potential of multicomponent alloys as electrocatalysts, and provides new ideas for the enhancement of the OER activity by using an electrochemical surface reconstruction strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the long history of science and technology development, one goal is to diffuse solid alloy elements into the surface of steel materials to form surface alloys with excellent physical and chemical properties. On the basis of plasma nitriding technology, double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology has answered this challenge. This technology, which seems to be a modern-day alchemy, can use any element in the Periodic Table of chemical elements, including solid metal elements and their combinations, to form many types of surface alloyed layers with high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance on various metal materials. For example, nickel base alloys, stainless steels, and high speed steels are formed on the surfaces of ordinary carbon steels; high hardness, wear resistance, and high temperature oxidation resistance alloys are formed on the surface of the titanium alloy. This article briefly introduces the formation and principle of double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology and summarizes the experimental results and industrial applications. The significance and development prospect of this technology are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate whether the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was involved in the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) against sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis model was constructed in C57/BL6J mice. Mice were randomly divided into LPS + GLP + EX-527, LPS + EX-527, LPS + GLP, LPS or control group). The levels of serum inflammatory factor markers were examined by ELISA. H&E staining was performed to assess the inflammation. TUNEL staining and bromodeoxyuridine staining were used to observe cell apoptosis and proliferation, respectively. Expression of apoptosis and proliferation-related proteins was detected by western blot. Key findings: GLP treatment could significantly increase the expression of SIRT1, reduce levels of serum inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-6) and inflammatory cells in mice heart tissue of sepsis models (all Ps < 0.01). Compared with LPS group, GLP treatment inhibited apoptosis and promoted proliferation of myocardial tissues (all Ps < 0.01). Besides, EX-527 (SIRT1 inhibitor) treatment could partially reverse the protective effects of GLP against sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction (all Ps < 0.01). Conclusions: GLP might play a protective role in sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction through regulating inflammatory response, apoptosis and proliferation via activating SIRT1. Therefore, GLP is expected to be a probable novel strategy for treatment of sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pair of new chiral Co(II) metal‐organic frameworks based on semi‐rigid lactic acid derivatives, namely, {[Co((R)‐CBA)(1,3‐DPP)(H2O)0.5] ⋅ H2O}n(1‐R) and {[Co((R)‐CBA)(1,3‐DPP)(H2O)0.5] ⋅ H2O}n (1‐S) (H2CBA=4‐(1‐carboxyethoxy) benzoic acid, 1,3‐DPP=1,3‐di(pyridin‐4‐yl)propane) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The structures of complexes 1‐R and 1‐S were determined by single crystal X‐ray crystallography, revealing dinuclear cobalt units are connected through (R)‐ or (S)‐CBA2− anions that lead to the formation of enantiomeric helical chains. Helical chains are further linked together to build 3D Co‐(R)‐CBA (Co‐(S)‐CBA) framework in 1‐R(1‐S). Furthermore, more large helical chains are formed by Co(II) centers and 1,3‐DPP ligands in 1‐R and 1‐S. As a result, 1,3‐DPP ligands are introduced into complexes to stabilize the CBA−Co frameworks to obtain a four‐connected dia net. Apart from delicate structure, the UV‐vis sorption spectrum, Mott‐Schottky measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that complex 1‐R is a typical n‐type semiconductor with low resistance in charge transportation. Photo‐catalytic test result confirmed the complex 1‐R has catalytic activity for the degradation of RhB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Powerful sequence modeling capability for massive multi-sensor data enables deep-learning-based methods to obtain accurate remaining useful life (RUL) estimations. Hybrid neural networks, with learned representations based on various networks, have enhanced the prognostics accuracies than single networks. However, assembly strategies that are limited to either parallel or serial, and insufficient utilization of single networks restrict the development of hybrid networks for more complex problems. This paper proposes a data-driven method using hybrid multi-scale convolutional neural network (MSCNN) and bi-directional long short-term memory (BLSTM) network (namely HMCB network) for RUL estimation. The framework of the network includes two parallel paths. One is composed of MSCNN and BLSTM in serial and the other is a BLSTM path. The HMCB network integrates the merits of multi-scale spatial feature extraction of MSCNN and sequence learning capacity of BLSTM. Validated by C-MAPSS dataset, the HMCB network demonstrates noticeably higher prognostic accuracy than other state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has long been recognized that synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images suffer in many applications from the speckle noise. Video SAR has a high frame rate of imaging and contains redundant information among frames. The temporal redundancy in video SAR images has been found useful for suppressing the speckle noise. However, the motion and the local differences between frames make it difficult to employ the temporal redundancy to suppress speckle noise. This article presents a video SAR image despeckling framework based on a new unsupervised training strategy referred to as DualNoise2Noise. This developed framework consists of a registration network and a denoising network. The registration network first compensates for the motion between two adjacent frames in video SAR in real time. After image registration, two adjacent frames with random speckle noise can be considered as the observations of the same region with local differences. The denoising network adopts the DualNoise2Noise training strategy to suppress speckle noise by using the temporal redundancy and to remove the negative impact caused by the local differences. The proposed approach has been used to process the real video SAR data, and the experimental results are convincing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to examine the cutting performance of a coated carbide tool during the boring of 1Cr17Ni2 martensitic stainless steel, with a focus on how the tool's structural parameters, particularly the nose radius, affect the wear patterns, wear volume and lifetime of the cutting tool, and related mechanisms. Design/methodology/approach: A full factorial boring experiment with three factors at two levels was conducted to analyze systematically the impact of cutting parameters on the tool wear behavior. The evolution of tool wear over the machining time was recorded, and the influences of the cutting parameters and nose radius on wear behavior of the tool were examined. Findings: The results show that higher cutting parameters lead to significant wear or plastic deformation at the tool nose. When the cutting depth is less than the nose radius, the tool wear tends to be minimized. Larger nose radius tools have weaker chip-breaking but greater strength and wear resistance. Higher cutting parameters reduce wear for the tools with larger nose radius, maintaining their integrity. Wear mechanisms are primarily abrasive, adhesive and diffusion wear. Furthermore, the full-factorial analysis of variance revealed that for the tool with rε = 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm, the factors contributing the most to tool wear were cutting speed (38.76%) and cutting depth (86.43%), respectively. Originality/value: This study is of great significance for selection of cutting tools and cutting parameters for boring 1Cr17Ni2 martensitic stainless-steel parts. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2024-0266/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reduction of nitric acid reaction (2NO + HNO3 + 3CH3OH → 3CH3ONO + 2H2O) can convert by-product nitric acid into raw material methyl nitrite in the coal to ethylene glycol (CTEG) technology. This not only realizes the efficient recycling of nitrogen resources but also plays a crucial role in mitigating environmental pollution. Despite being a promising catalyst, the Pd/C catalyst face challenges due to its high metal loading, substantial loss rate, and consequent issues of poor stability, presenting obstacles in meeting industrial requirements. To address this issue, a defect strategy has been employed to develop a low-loaded 0.3% Pd/NC catalyst with robust metal-support interaction, resulting in a significant enhancement of catalyst stability. Remarkably, even after undergoing five cycles, the catalyst maintains a high nitric acid conversion rate of 90%. This improved performance can be attributed to the strong metal-support interaction driven by electron transfer from the nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) substrate to the Pd nanoparticles evident in the Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) results. This interaction effectively suppresses the leaching of the active Pd nanoparticles, leading to significantly enhanced stability and a noticeable reduction in the loss rate. Raman spectrum and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results can further reveal that the increase in the defect density lead to the strong metal-support interaction after nitrogen doping (pyridinic-N-dominated). These findings highlight the significant potential of the Pd/NC catalyst and its applicability in expediting the industrialization process of catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By applying the mixed-ligand approach, a new Cu(II)-based coordination polymer formulated as {[Cu2(BTC)(L)]·0.25H2O}n (1) has been successfully prepared by reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with the 1,2,3,4‐butanetetracarboxylic acid (H4BTC) in the presence of a flexible N-donor ligand 1,6‐bis(5,6‐dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)hexane (L). In biological function study, the anti-bacterial activity of compound in vitro and in vivo was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of compound on Staphylococcus aureus was measured to evaluate the inhibitory activity against bacterial infection in vitro. The colony-forming unit number detection was conducted to confirm the protective effect of compound in the Catheter-associated urinary tract infections. A new Cu(II)-based coordination polymer has been prepared via a mixed-ligand approach. In biological function study, the anti-bacterial activity of compound in vitro and in vivo was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration of compound on Staphylococcus aureus was measured to evaluate the inhibitory activity against bacterial infection in vitro. The colony-forming unit number detection was conducted to confirm the protective effect of compound in the Catheter-associated urinary tract infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new and efficient strategy for ring-opening reactions of nitrocyclopropanes is developed for the first time for the divergent synthesis of enynes and enesters via in situ generated highly reactive electron-deficient intermediate allenes. Controllable approaches resulted in enynes and enesters with up to 89% and 90% yields, respectively. The reaction features easy operation, involves green solvents and simple inorganic bases, and is transition-metal free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Abnormal concentrations of some components in exhaled gases may indicate the occurrence of disease. • The main respiratory markers include ammonia, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, acetone, and formaldehyde. • This review details the development of exhaled gas analysis based on MOF electrical sensors. • Speculation and discussion on the development prospects and challenges of breath analysis based on MOF electrical sensor. The components of human-breathed gas have a direct impact on disease monitoring, and non-invasive breath analysis is a growing area of interest. More than ever, sensors with high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, affordability, and portability are in demand. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which have high porosity, exceptional physical chemistry properties, and designability, as well as potent interactions with gas molecules, make them ideal for use in the sensing field. The various respiratory illness markers are outlined in this review along with the rationale behind MOFs-based electrical gas sensors and their advancements in various disease monitoring. Finally, the difficulties of employing MOFs-based electrical gas sensors for illness monitoring in clinical practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Retraction Note: Two Metal Complexes: Selective Detection of Fe3+ Ion and Promotion Activity on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiate into Vascular Endothelial Cells" has been retracted by the Editor in Chief at the request of the authors. Concerns were raised about the lack of details in the methods section regarding the source of cell lines and their treatment, as well as some potentially irrelevant references. The authors stated that the data was provided by a third-party company and cannot be verified. Springer Nature, the publisher, remains neutral in regards to jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

With the aid of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpee), a nitrogen-donor ligand and 1,3,5-tris(carboxymethoxy)benzene (H3TCMB), a tripodal ether-connector tricarboxylate ligand, two novel transition metal coordination polymers (CPs) have been synthesized via the reaction of Zn(NO3)2·6H2O or Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with the ligands of H3TCMB and bpee ligands with similar reactions under slightly distinct temperatures (80℃ for 1 and 120℃ for 2), and their chemical formula are [Cu4(TCMB)2(bpee)2(µ3-OH)2(H2O)2]n·12nH2O (1) and [Zn4(TCMB)2(bpee)2(µ3-OH)2(H2O)2]n·12nH2O (2). Complex 2 can be utilized as a super sensitive fluorescence quenching sensor to determine the Fe3+ ions. The effect of these two compounds on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the cells of vascular endothelial was further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two pairs of chiral coordination polymers, [Cd2((R)-CBA)2(1,4-BMIB)]n (1-R), [Cd2((R)-CBA)2(1,4-BMIB)]n (1-S), {[Cd((R)-CBA)(1,3-BMIB)]·H2O}n (2-R), and {[Cd((R)-CBA)(1,3-BMIB)]·H2O}n (2-S) (H2CBA = 4-(1-carboxyethoxy) benzoic acid, 1,4-BMIB = 1,4-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene, 1,3-BMIB = 1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene), were constructed from lactate derivatives H2CBA and imidazole ancillary ligands under hydrothermal conditions. These complexes show different structures depending on shapes of ancillary ligands. For the linear 1,4-BMIB, complexes 1-R and 1-S are three dimensional (3D) frameworks with dinuclear clusters of Cd(II). For the V-shaped 1,3-BMIB, complexes 2-R and 2-S are two dimensional (2D) layers, where 4-connected Cd(II) centers were isolated by imidazole groups and carboxylic groups from 1,3-BMIB and H2CBA, respectively. The resulting complexes were characterized by PXRD, TGA, UV-visible absorptions and CD measurements. Additionally, 1 and 2 exhibit different photoluminescence behavior in the solid state compared to free H2CBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is a significant agricultural pest capable of long-distance migration and transmission of viruses that cause severe disease in rice. In this study, we identified a novel segmented RNA virus in a BPH, and this virus exhibited a close relationship to members of a recently discovered virus lineage known as "quenyaviruses" within the viral kingdom Orthornavirae. This newly identified virus was named "Nilaparvata lugens quenyavirus 1" (NLQV1). NLQV1 consists of five positive-sense, single-stranded RNAs, with each segment containing a single open reading frame (ORF). The genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis support the classification of NLQV1 as a novel quenyavirus. Notably, all of the genome segments of NLRV contained the 5'-terminal sequence AUCUG. The characteristic virus-derived small interfering RNA (vsiRNA) profile of NLQV1 suggests that the antiviral RNAi pathway of the host BPH was activated in response to virus infection. These findings represent the first documented report of quenyaviruses in planthoppers, contributing to our understanding of quenyaviruses and expanding our knowledge of insect-specific viruses in planthoppers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Production of secondary metabolites is tightly regulated by transcriptional regulators in Streptomyces. Many regulators have been identified by gene disruption in Streptomyces ; however, there are still unknown regulatory genes yet to be revealed due to gene silence under laboratory culture conditions. In present study, a T7 expression system was used to identify novel regulators by gene deletion and constitutive-expression of nine candidates. We reported that the constitutive-expression of a MarR family transcriptional regulator MapR (SCO2398) resulted in increase of actinorhodin (ACT) production. The expression profiling indicated that MapR regulates ACT production through a transcriptional cascade. Collectively, our study suggests that MapR serves as a novel positive regulator of ACT production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a novel radar imaging approach through an electronically displaced-phase-center antenna (eDPCA). In this approach, a reflectarray is used to directly scan a beam across a parabolic reflector, where the antenna phase center is displaced electronically. The proposed eDPCA-based imaging radar can provide a very high frame rate and does not depend on the motion between the target and the radar platform. The feasibility of the eDPCA-based imaging radar is investigated and validated through a designed example eDPCA at 157 GHz and the simulation experiments for a point target and a complex target, respectively. The effects of practical impairments such as errors in phase centers and position-dependent fluctuations in antenna patterns on the imaging quality are examined. Furthermore, by applying the precompensation method suggested in this article, the imaging procedure could be performed by using classic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two three‐dimensional cobalt‐based metal–organic frameworks with 5‐(hydroxymethyl)isophthalic acid (H2HIPA), namely poly[[μ2‐1,4‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene‐κ2N3:N3′][μ2‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)isophthalato‐κ2O1:O3]cobalt(II)], [Co(C9H6O5)(C14H14N4)]n (1), and poly[tris[μ2‐1,4‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene‐κ2N3:N3′]bis[μ3‐5‐(hydroxymethyl)isophthalato‐κ2O1:O3:O5]dicobalt(II)], [Co2(C9H6O5)2(C12H10N4)3]n (2), were synthesized under similar hydrothermal conditions. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses revealed that 5‐(hydroxymethyl)isophthalate (HIPA2−) and 1,4‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene (1,4‐BMIB) are simple linkers connecting cobalt centres to build a fourfold interpenetration dia framework in complex 1. However, complex 2 is a pillared‐layer framework with a (3,6)‐connected network constructed by 1,4‐bis(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene (1,4‐DIB) linkers, 3‐connected HIPA2− ligands and 6‐connected CoII centres. The above significant structural differences can be ascribed to the introduction of the different auxiliary N‐donor ligands. Moreover, UV–Vis spectroscopy and Mott–Schottky measurements confirmed that complexes 1 and 2 are typical n‐type semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of the high clear height and the convenient pipeline arrangement, the application of slab--column structures is still limited especially given the development trend of prefabricated steel structures. Therefore, an innovative modular slab--column steel structure is introduced to achieve advantages in architecture, structural performance, as well as prefabrication. First, the deformation mode and working mechanism of the integrated floor module are investigated based on cooperative deformation principle through theory and finite element analyses. Then, the principle is adopted again to obtain a simplified floor model. On the basis of the simplified floor, a series of building models are established and parametric analyses are conducted. The results indicate that the slab thickness and the size of columns may play different roles for the structures under gravity loads or lateral loads. Finally, the potential application scope of MSCSS is further discussed and some design recommendations are also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reactions of (R)‐ and (S)‐4‐(1‐carboxyethoxy)benzoic acid (H2CBA) with 1,3‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene (1,3‐BMIB) ligands afforded a pair of homochiral coordination polymers (CPs), namely, poly[[[μ‐1,3‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene][μ‐(S)‐4‐(1‐carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)] monohydrate], {[Zn(C10H8O5)(C14H14N4)]·H2O}n or {[Zn{(S)‐CBA}(1,3‐BMIB)]·H2O}n (1‐L), and poly[[[μ‐1,3‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene][μ‐(R)‐4‐(1‐carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)] monohydrate] (1‐D). Three kinds of helical chains exist in compounds 1‐D and 1‐L, which are constructed from ZnII atoms, 1,3‐BMIB ligands and/or CBA2− ligands. When the as‐synthesized crystals of 1‐L and 1‐D were further heated in the mother liquor or air, poly[[μ‐1,3‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene][μ‐(S)‐4‐(1‐carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)], [Zn(C10H8O5)(C14H14N4)]n or [Zn{(S)‐CBA}(1,3‐BMIB)]n (2‐L), and poly[[μ‐1,3‐bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)benzene][μ‐(R)‐4‐(1‐carboxylatoethoxy)benzoato]zinc(II)] (2‐D) were obtained, respectively. The single‐crystal structure analysis revealed that 2‐L and 2‐D only contained one type of helical chain formed by ZnII atoms and 1,3‐BMIB and CBA2− ligands, which indicated that the helical chains were reconstructed though solid‐to‐solid transformation. This result not only means the realization of helical transformation, but also gives a feasible strategy to build homochiral CPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transcriptional regulation of cellulolytic and xylolytic genes in ascomycete fungi is controlled by specific carbon sources in different external environments. Here, comparative transcriptomic analyses of Penicillium oxalicum grown on wheat bran (WB), WB plus rice straw (WR), or WB plus Avicel (WA) as the sole carbon source under solid-state fermentation (SSF) revealed that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in metabolism, specifi- cally, carbohydrate metabolism. Of the DEGs, the basic core carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding genes which responded to the plant biomass resources were identified in P. oxalicum, and their transcriptional levels changed to various extents depending on the different carbon sources. Moreover, this study found that three deletion mutants of genes encoding putative transcription factors showed significant alterations in filter paper cellulase production compared with that of a parental P. oxalicum strain with a deletion of Ku70 (ΔPoxKu70 strain) when grown on WR under SSF. Importantly, the ΔPoxAtf1 mutant (with a deletion of P. oxalicum Atf1, also called POX03016) displayed 46.1 to 183.2% more cellulase and xylanase production than a ΔPoxKu70 mutant after 2 days of growth on WR. RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR revealed that PoxAtf1 dynamically regulated the expression of major cellulase and xylanase genes under SSF. PoxAtf1 bound to the promoter regions of the key cellulase and xylanase genes in vitro. This study provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanism of fungal cellulase and xylanase gene expression under SSF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solubility of cadmium (Cd) in soil and its transfer to plants are influenced by soil pH. While increasing soil pH reduces Cd solubility and accumulation in rice plants grown in acidic soils, its effect on Cd accumulation in vegetables remains inconclusive. Here, we investigated the impact of soil pH on Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous vegetables and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Soils collected from various locations were supplemented with varying quantities of lime to achieve soil pH values of around 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0. Raising soil pH from around 5.0 to 8.0 markedly decreased extractable Cd. However, increasing soil pH tended to promote shoot Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous vegetable species including lettuce, pakchoi, and Chinese cabbage, and the model dicotyledonous plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Conversely, soil pH increase resulted in a monotonic decrease in rice Cd accumulation. In our hydroponic experiments, we discovered that iron (Fe) deficiency substantially increased Cd uptake and accumulation in dicotyledonous plants but not in rice. Increasing soil pH reduced soil Fe availability and induced the Fe transporter gene IRT1 expression in dicotyledonous vegetables roots, which led to an increase in IRT1-mediated Cd uptake and subsequently increased Cd accumulation as soil pH increases. A comprehensive model incorporating extractable Cd and root IRT1 expression better explained Cd accumulation in vegetable shoots. The application of 50 mg/kg of Fe fertilizer in neutral or alkaline soils resulted in a significant reduction in Cd accumulation by 34–58% in dicotyledonous vegetables. These findings reveal that increasing soil pH has two opposite effects, decreasing soil Cd availability while promoting Cd uptake through IRT1 upregulation, reconciling the inconsistency in its effect on Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous plants. Our findings provide important insights for understanding the factors affecting Cd uptake in plants and offer a practical solution to mitigate Cd contamination in vegetables. [Display omitted] • Elevating soil pH increases Cd accumulation in lettuce, pakchoi, and cabbage. • Fe-deficiency increases IRT1-mediated Cd uptake by dicotyledonous vegetables. • Fe-transporter gene IRT1 is responsible for Cd uptake in dicotyledonous vegetables. • Applying Fe fertilizer can decrease Cd accumulation in dicotyledonous vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide that has been implicated in pain modulation. Acid sensitive ion channels (ASICs) also play an important role in pain associated with tissue acidification. However, it is still unclear whether there is an interaction between CCK signaling and ASICs during pain process. Herein, we report that a functional link between them in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Pretreatment with CCK-8 concentration-dependently increased acid-evoked ASIC currents. CCK-8 increased the maximum response of ASICs to acid, but did not changed their acid sensitivity. Enhancement of ASIC currents by CCK-8 was mediated by the stimulation of CCK2 receptor (CCK2R), rather than CCK1R. The enhancement of ASIC currents by CCK-8 was prevented by application of either G-protein inhibitor GDP-β-S or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203×, but not by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 or JNK inhibitor SP600125. Moreover, CCK-8 increased the number of action potentials triggered by acid stimuli by activating CCK2R. Finally, CCK-8 dose-dependently exacerbated acid-induced nociceptive behavior in rats through local CCK2R. Together, these results indicated that CCK-8/CCK2R activation enhanced ASIC-mediated electrophysiological activity in DRG neurons and nociception in rats. The enhancement effect depended on G-proteins and intracellular PKC signaling rather than PKA and JNK signaling pathway. These findings provided that CCK-8/CCK2R is an important therapeutic target for ASIC-mediated pain. • There is a functional link between CCK signaling and ASICs during pain process. • CCK-8 enhances the electrophysiological activity of ASICs in rat DRG neurons. • CCK-8 sensitizes ASICs through CCK2R and a PKC signaling pathway. • Peripheral CCK-8/CCK2R also exacerbates acid-induced nociceptive responses in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]