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In the initial construction process of smart grid dispatching control system in power grid dispatching control center, because different subsystems are in decentralized development, independent operation and independent management, it is easy to reduce data interconnection, which leads to difficulties in data sharing and restricts the information level of the system. The data is multi-source, and the data format is inconsistent, resulting in the application problems that the data can not be shared, accessed, managed, analyzed and mined in real time among different subsystems. In order to solve the problems of data sharing and mining, this paper constructs a knowledge map entity extraction model to study the power grid fault events. Based on the knowledge map theory, the structured and unstructured data related to power grid dispatching are processed to improve the application efficiency of data. Cleaning the preprocessed data to obtain the corresponding entity value and attribute value. The knowledge extraction model of power grid fault event reasoning knowledge mapping is constructed, and the power grid fault event reasoning knowledge edge mapping system is designed to extract the relationship between events and complete data storage. The experimental results show that the text prediction degree of the proposed model is high, which can reach more than 95; The accuracy is 96.71%, the recall rate is 94.88%, and the F1 value is 9.27%. This proves the feasibility of this study, in order to provide data and theoretical support for intelligent management and real-time dispatching of power grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A palladium supported on graphitic carbon nitride (Pd/g‐C3N4) catalyzed carbonylative reaction of aryl bromides and arylboronic acids by has been developed for the construction of diaryl ketones. Using benzene‐1,3,5‐triyl triformate (TFBen) as the CO source, the reaction proceeded well to give various diaryl ketones in moderate to good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activated carbon fibers, known for their unique physical and chemical properties, are increasingly utilized in diverse industries, including textiles and fabrics, and can serve as ideal supports of heterogeneous palladium catalysts. An efficient strategy for the preparation of 2-(trifluoromethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-ones via a three-component carbonylative reaction of trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides and amines using a heterogeneous activated carbon fiber-supported palladium catalyst has been developed. In contrast to the homogeneous catalytic protocol reported previously, the higher efficiency of the heterogeneous reaction is observed and the Pd/ACFs catalyst could be recycled five times with good stability and slightly decreased catalytic reactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• g-C 3 N 4 as photocatalyst was first used for conversion of arylboronic acids to phenols. • g-C 3 N 4 /LMPET as the catalytic fabric demonstrated efficient conversion efficiency. • The supported catalysts with large receiving area improve the utilization of sunlight. • Provide the application possibility of fiber material in photocatalytic organic transformations. Solar-driven conversion of arylboronic acids to phenols was achieved by employing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) as heterogeneous photocatalyst, where O 2 − was the main active species. By loading g-C 3 N 4 onto the easy weaving low melting point sheath-core composite polyester fibers (LMPET), g-C 3 N 4 -based artificial photosynthetic catalytic fabric (g-C 3 N 4 /LMPET) with a large light receiving area was prepared. It displayed the efficient conversion of arylboronic acid and excellent recycling performance. This system offers more possibilities to construct an artificial photosynthetic system with excellent solar-to-chemicals conversion efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • g-C 3 N 4 co-modified by zinc phthalocyanine and graphene quantum dots was prepared. • The enhanced photocatalytic activity of refractory contaminants. • The increased visible-light response and effective charge separation were achieved. • The degradation pathways of RhB, SQXNa and CBZ were proposed. Abstract Broad solar light absorption and rapid photogenerated electron-hole pair separation are two critical factors for the efficient enhancement of catalytic performance in a g-C 3 N 4 -based photocatalytic system. This study developed a facile method to construct a ternary graphitic carbon nitride/zinc tetracarboxyphthalocyanine/graphene quantum dots (g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc/GQDs) composite photocatalyst. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were used to modify g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc through hydrothermal method, where g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc was fabricated by immobilizing zinc tetracarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnTcPc) onto g-C 3 N 4 covalently via amido bonds. The photocatalyst was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectrum, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc/0.1GQDs composites presented an increased photocatalytic activity by using Rhodamine B, sulfaquinoxaline sodium and carbamazepine as the model pollutants under solar light irradiation. ZnTcPc bonding on the g-C 3 N 4 broadens its visible-light spectral response, and GQDs promotes the photogenerated electron-hole-pair separation efficiency because of its efficient electrons-transfer property. Experiments confirmed that superoxide radicals, photogenerated holes and singlet oxygen are the primary active species. The photocatalytic degradation pathway of Rhodamine B, sulfaquinoxaline sodium and carbamazepine was proposed on the basis of ultra-performance liquid chromatography and high-definition mass spectrometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • g-C 3 N 4 -IMA-FePcCl 16 was prepared by axial coordination. • The spectral response region of g-C 3 N 4 was broadened. • The separation rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs was promoted. • g-C 3 N 4 -IMA-FePcCl 16 exhibited a high activity over a broader pH range. • Synergistic photocatalysis mechanism of multiple active species to eliminate CBZ. Abstract Utilizing peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes to remove emerging contaminants in water has received widespread attention. In this study, g-C 3 N 4 -IMA-FePcCl 16 that was fabricated by axial coordination was applied to activate PMS for carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation. The introduction of imidazole-based ligand (IMA) and iron hexadecachlorophthalocyanine (FePcCl 16) facilitates the photogenerated electron-hole pairs separation of g-C 3 N 4 and broadens the visible-light response range. The coordination structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that g-C 3 N 4 -IMA-FePcCl 16 can highly effective eliminate CBZ with a removal of ∼95% within 25 min in the presence of PMS. The effects of various experimental parameters on the CBZ degradation were investigated, such as the loading amount of FePcCl 16 , pH, PMS dosage and anions. It is noteworthy that Cl− has a positive effect on the degradation of CBZ. Another interesting finding is that the degradation of CBZ is attributed to the synergistic effect of multiple active species, which is confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, electron paramagnetic resonance and radical quenching tests. Superoxide radicals (O 2 −) and singlet oxygen (1O 2) are the dominated active species. This work offers a novel idea for the rational design of high-efficiency photocatalysts for wastewater remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic still threatens human health around the world. The methyltransferases (MTases) of SARS-CoV-2, specifically nsp14 and nsp16, play crucial roles in the methylation of the N7 and 2′-O positions of viral RNA, making them promising targets for the development of antiviral drugs. In this work, we performed structure-based virtual screening for nsp14 and nsp16 using the screening workflow (HTVS, SP, XP) of Schrödinger 2019 software, and we carried out biochemical assays and molecular dynamics simulation for the identification of potential MTase inhibitors. For nsp14, we screened 239,000 molecules, leading to the identification of three hits A1–A3 showing N7-MTase inhibition rates greater than 60% under a concentration of 50 µM. For the SAM binding and nsp10-16 interface sites of nsp16, the screening of 210,000 and 237,000 molecules, respectively, from ZINC15 led to the discovery of three hit compounds B1–B3 exhibiting more than 45% of 2′-O-MTase inhibition under 50 µM. These six compounds with moderate MTase inhibitory activities could be used as novel candidates for the further development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The Pd@CN catalyst supported on PLA fiber was prepared by centrifugal-electrostatic spinning. • The porous structure of T-Pd@CN/PLA fiber was beneficial to the exposure of catalysts. • The catalyst exhibited enhanced catalytic activity for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction under LED. • The electrons generated by g-C 3 N 4 facilitated the transition from Pd(II) to Pd(0). The development of photocatalytic Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction for C C bond formation in organic synthesis will be beneficial to solve environmental problems and reduce production costs. Herein, the porous poly(lactic acid) fiber of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) coupled with palladium (T-Pd@CN/PLA) was prepared by centrifugal-electrostatic spinning and the alkali treatment, where palladium supported on g-C 3 N 4 (Pd@CN) was synthesized by microwave-assisted deposition. T-Pd@CN/PLA porous fibers showed enhanced catalytic activity and broad substrate applicability for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction with aryl bromides and phenylboronic acid as the substrates at room temperature in air under LED light. The electrons generated by g-C 3 N 4 could be efficiently and rapidly transferred to Pd, and more active sites could be exposed due to the porous structure of the fiber. This work may serve as a guideline on the design of catalytic fibers for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, highlighting the effect of light and pore structure on the efficiency. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effective elimination of micropollutants by an environmentally friendly method has received extensive attention recently. In this study, a photocatalyst based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-supported graphitic carbon nitride coupled with zinc phthalocyanine nanofibers (g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc/PAN nanofibers) was successfully prepared, where g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc was introduced as the catalytic entity and the PAN nanofibers were employed as support to overcome the defects of easy aggregation and difficult recycling. Herein, rhodamine B (RhB), 4-chlorophenol and carbamazepine (CBZ) were selected as the model pollutants. Compared with the typical hydroxyl radical-dominated catalytic system, g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc/PAN nanofibers displayed the targeted adsorption and degradation of contaminants under visible light or solar irradiation in the presence of high additive concentrations. According to the results of the radical scavenging techniques and the electron paramagnetic resonance technology, the degradation of target substrates was achieved by the attack of active species, including photogenerated hole, singlet oxygen, superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals. Based on the results of ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, the role of free radicals on the photocatalytic degradation intermediates was identified and the final photocatalytic degradation products of both RhB and CBZ were some biodegradable small molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chalcogenide glass is fragile and devitrifiable to be fabricated into micro-structured optical fibers (MOFs). In this article, MOFs which have jacket tubes with inner hexagon are designed and fabricated. The optical properties, such as effective refractive index, electric field intensity, effective mode area, nonlinear coefficient and chromatic dispersion of the fundamental mode are simulated by using full-vectorial finite element method (FVFEM). The effects of structural parameters variation on these optical characteristics of the proposed MOFs are investigated. Furthermore, the As 2 S 3 glass capillaries and jacket tubes are made by extrusion. The MOF with three layers of capillaries is fabricated by the “Stack & Draw” technique. The lowest attenuation of 6.34 dB/m of the MOF is measured at the wavelength of 4.61 μm using the cut-back method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visible light-responsive photocatalysis has shown great potential for effluent treatment as an environmentally friendly method. Herein, the photocatalyst of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) coupled with zinc phthalocyanine (g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc) was prepared by immobilizing zinc tetracarboxyphthalocyanine (ZnTcPc) onto g-C 3 N 4 covalently. The spectral response region of g-C 3 N 4 has been extended from 450 nm to more than 800 nm sensitized by ZnTcPc, which is well known for the red/near-IR (Q band) light absorption. Compared with pure g-C 3 N 4 and ZnTcPc, g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc presented a significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under visible irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 has been improved by the coupled interaction with ZnTcPc over a wide pH range. Moreover, besides photogenerated hole, the presence of singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), superoxide radical ( O 2 − ) and hydroxyl radical ( OH) has been evidenced in the visible light-responsive catalytic system with g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc, especially in alkaline condition. The possible photocatalytic degradation pathway of RhB has been proposed according to the results of ultra-performance liquid chromatography and high-definition mass spectrometry (UPLC Synapt G2-S HDMS). This synergistic photocatalytic process will provide useful insights to make full use of solar light for future application to eliminate recalcitrant organic pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

◆ Pd@s-CN catalysts were applied in carbonylation reaction with excellent performance. ◆ s-CN was used as a carrier for palladium and a ligand in carbonylation reaction. ◆ Visible light as a driving force successfully promotes carbonylation reactions. ◆ Spherical-like structure accelerated electron transport and provided more active sites. Exploring sustainable catalysts for the transition-metal-catalyzed carbonylation and acknowledging the corresponding interior mechanism are of great interest. Herein, palladium supported spherical-like graphitic carbon nitride catalyst (Pd@s-CN) was prepared through a microwave-assisted approach, where s-CN with larger surface area was synthesized via an exfoliation and refluxing method. The spherical-like structure of s-CN can offer abundant space preventing the agglomeration of Pd and creating more active sites for carbonylation reaction. Notably, with iodobenzene as the substrate, Pd@s-CN achieved 92% yield of benzoic acid, and its performance was better than that of PdCl 2 and Pd/C catalysts. The effects of thermal, light source and catalyst structure were investigated. Ultimately, the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic carbonylation was proposed. This environmentally friendly photocatalytic carbonylation method is expected to provide a new idea for carbonylation and other related organic synthesis reactions. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of great significance for improving electron transmission performance by changing of the outer ring structure of iron phthalocyanine. Herein, 4 (pyridine-2, 3-yl) iron phthalocyanine (FepyPc), as N -rich pyridyl-iron phthalocyanine derivative, was introduced to degrade pharmaceutical contaminants. The catalytic degradation of organic pollutants with FepyPc was studied by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) at room temperature. The results clarified that the removal rate of carbamazepine (CBZ) was close to 100% within 60 min and the calculated apparent rate constant was about 2 times larger than FePc, which proved that FepyPc had superior performance. Four active species were identified for the degradation of CBZ, including superoxide radical (•O 2 −), singlet oxygen (1O 2), sulfate radical (SO 4 •−) and hydroxyl radical (•OH). In addition, the possible reaction mechanism was inferred in FepyPc/PMS/sunlight system for CBZ removal. Finally, the CBZ degradation pathway was proposed by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and high definition mass spectrometry (UPLC/HDMS). This research provided a meaningful and efficient method for the elimination of pharmaceutical contaminants. [Display omitted] • N -rich pyridyl-FePc derivative with efficient PMS activation ability was prepared. • The elimination of pharmaceutical in diverse environment were illustrated. • The possible mechanism with four active species for CBZ removal was proposed. • The degradation pathway of CBZ was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] GeSe4, Ge15Sb15Se70, Ge20Sb15Se60, Ge27Sb13Se60, Ge28Sb12Se60 films were fabricated. [•] Films have large nonlinear refractive index and moderated nonlinear absorption. [•] The ultrafast nonlinear response of the chalcogenide film is presented. [•] The homopolar bonds in the network play an important role in the optical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Ag nanoparticles composited glasses were facilely synthesized. [•] SPR absorption band of Ag nanoparticles is located from 500 to 1500nm. [•] 7.2-Folds enhancement of the intensity of 1.54μm emission of Er3+ ions by SPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Tellurite glasses from TeO2–Bi2O3–BaO pseudo-ternary system were prepared using a conventional melt-quenching method and its glass-forming region was determined. A series of glasses were selected and their third-order optical nonlinearities (TONL) were measured by employing the Z-scan method at a wavelength of 800nm with femtosecond laser pulses. The results showed that glass former Te4+ ions exhibited positive influences on the TONL and glass modifiers Ba2+ ions behaved similarly; low concentrated Bi3+ ions as glass modifiers weakened the nonlinearities, but an excess amount of Bi3+ behaved oppositely. FTIR measurements demonstrated that chemical bonds especially Te–Oeq vibrated at a high energy level remarkably promoted the TONL susceptibility χ (3), and the glass sample with the highest Bi2O3 content exhibited the largest χ (3) value which was due to the presence of BiO3 polyhedra. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Transparent glass ceramics based on Bi2O3–B2O3–TiO2 ternary glass system were prepared by controlled one-step heat treatment method. X-ray diffraction measurement confirms the formation of Bi2O3 phase crystals in glass network. Z-scan measurements at a wavelength of 750nm were employed to investigate the third-order optical nonlinearities of these transparent glass ceramics. The results show that the nonlinear properties were significantly enhanced after crystallization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 ternary glasses embedded with Ag nanoparticles were prepared by introducing AgCl into the bismuthate glasses using conventional melt quenching method and characterized by several experimental techniques. Scanning electron microscopic studies indicated the formation of Ag contained nanoclusters which crack and become regular with increase of AgCl content in these composites. Optical absorption spectra of the nanocomposites showed the presence of absorption band of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) due to Ag nanoparticles at ∼600nm. Z-scan measurement with femtosecond laser was used to investigate third-order optical nonlinearities of the nanocomposites. The results show that the nonlinear refraction γ was dramatically increased up to 30 times by the appearance of Ag nanoparticles when excited within its SPR region, while nonlinear absorption due to two-photon absorption exhibited opposite tendency or even saturated behavior. The calculation of figure of merit suggests that the Ag particle embedded Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glass composites are promising candidates for optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Using femto-second Z-scan measurements, third-order nonlinearities of glasses in TeO2–Bi2O3–TiO2 ternary system were investigated at 800nm. Their relationships between linear optics represented by linear refractive indexes n 0 and optical band gap E opg were studied. Results show that non-linear index γ increases with increasing n 0, the largest value of γ is 5.108×10−18 m2/W. Non-linear absorption which recognized as two-photon absorption was resonantly enhanced when E opg approached 3.1eV, namely two-photon process. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • The DCD acted as a "tailor" to obtain High-loading W-CN SACs; • The ESI-HDMS was used to track the structure evolution of W-CN; • The W species formed the unique single-atom "N-W-O 3 " moieties on CN; • The utilization of photo-excited carriers was improved; • W-CN exhibited excellent performance of CBZ elimination. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have become an attractive concept in heterogeneous catalysis because of its high activity, selectivity and maximized utilization efficiency. However, constructing a high-loading SACs through conventional pyrolysis methods remains a challenge, because metal precursors usually have low thermal stability and the decrease of particle size will lead to an increase of surface energy. Herein, we used dicyandiamide to tailor the metatungstate and fix the W atoms during the thermal polymerization process, finally obtained a new kind of W-SAC (single W atoms anchored on graphitic carbon nitride, named as W-CN) with a high-loading of 11.16 wt% and a unique O, N coordination. The electrospray ionization high-definition mass spectrometry (ESI-HDMS) revealed that single W atoms were introduced into graphitic carbon nitride via the polycondense of W-containing dicyandiamide intermediate. The unique atomically dispersed N-W-O 3 moieties, which promoted the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, were identified by Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) and Density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Moreover, compared to pure CN, the W-CN exhibited an enhanced catalytic performance for the oxidation of carbamazepine (CBZ) under solar light irradiation. The experiment results revealed that photogenerated holes (h+), superoxide radicals (•O 2 −), and singlet oxygen (1O 2) were the predominant active species and played an important role in eliminating emerging contaminants. This work paves a facile and efficient path toward high-loading SAC, and opens new insight into tracking SAC structure evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The energy-transfer mechanisms and frequency upconversion emissions in 0.5Er3+/xHo3+ co-doped tellurite glasses by exciting at 980nm have been investigated. Three intense upconversion luminescence emissions are observed at around 525, 548, and 660nm, which correspond to Er3+:2H11/2 → 4I15/2, Er3+:4S3/2 → 4I15/2 +Ho3+:5S2(5F4)→ 5I8, and Er3+:4F9/2 → 4I15/2 +Ho3+:5F5 → 5I8 transitions, respectively. The upconversion emissions reach the maximum values when Ho2O3 is 0.5mol%, and the intensities of the green and red light emissions were about 4.5 and 6 times stronger than those un-doped Ho2O3, respectively. The possible upconversion mechanisms and energy transfer between Er3+ and Ho3+ were also estimated and evaluated. All the three emissions are based on two photon absorption processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A series of novel 70TeO2–(15− x)B2O3–xNb2O5–15ZnO–1wt.% Er2O3 (TBN x =0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15mol%) tellurite glasses were prepared. The thermal stability, absorption spectra, emission spectra, and the lifetime of the 4I13/2 level of Er3+ ions were measured and investigated. Three Judd–Ofelt intensity parameters Ω t (t =2, 4 and 6) (Ω 2 =(5.42–6.76)×10−20 cm2; Ω 4 =(1.37–1.73)×10−20 cm2; Ω 6 =(0.70–0.94)×10−20 cm2) of Er3+ ions were calculated by Judd–Ofelt theory. It is found that the Ω 6 first increases with the increase of Nb2O5 content from 0 to 6mol% and then decreases, which is mainly affected by the number of non-bridging oxygen ions of the glass network. The high peak of stimulated emission cross-section of Er3+: 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition were obtained according to McCumber theory and broad full width at half maximum (FWHM=65–73nm) of the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions were measured. The results indicate that these new TBN glasses can be used as a candidate host material for potential broadband optical amplifiers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: co-doped –– (TBS , 5, 10, 15, 20mol%) glasses had been prepared. Effect of content on the thermal stability and spectroscopic properties of co-doped tellurite borate glasses have been investigated. With content increasing from 0 to 20 mol%, the and , the fluorescence full width at half maximum (FWHM), the peak of stimulated emission cross-section (), the measured lifetime () and quantum efficiency () change from , , 75nm, , 1.84ms, 56.4% to , , 71nm, , 2.38ms, 70.6%, respectively. The results indicate that for co-doped tellurite borate glasses, introducing a suitable amount of content is helpful for the improvement of thermal stability and the incremental of the lifetime of level and quantum efficiency of transition, while keeping the FWHM relatively large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Er2O3-doped Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glasses were prepared by the conventional melt-quenching method, and the Er3+ :4I13/2 → 4I15/2 fluorescence properties have been studied for the different Er3+ concentrations. Infrared spectra were measured in order to estimate the content of OH− groups in samples. The constant , which represents the strength of interaction between Er3+ ions and OH− groups in the energy migration, was calculated to be for Er3+-doped bismuth boro silicate glasses. Based on the electric dipole–dipole interaction theory, the interaction parameter, , for the migration rate of Er3+ :4I13/2 → 4I13/2 in Er3+:Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glasses was about [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The spectral properties of Er3+/Yb3+ codoped tungsten–tellurite glasses are investigated based on the Judd–Ofelt and McCumber theories. The compositional dependence of intensity parameter Ω 2 is attributed to the covalency of Er–O bonds for TeO2–WO3–La2O3 and TeO2–WO3–Bi2O3 glasses while for TeO2–WO3–BaO glasses, Ω 2 is mainly determined by the asymmetry in the local structures around Er3+ ions. The fluorescence full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the peak emission cross-section (σ peak) of the 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transition of Er3+ ions in different glass hosts have been compared. The results indicate that the tungsten–tellurite glass is a promising host material for 1.55μm broadband amplification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Entanglement in one-dimensional Heisenberg model is investigated by Bethe ansatz method. By this approach, the reduced density matrix between any pair of spins in the chain can be obtained for ground state, and excited states as well. Especially, the reduced density matrix for nearest-neighbor spins has the block-diagonal form. Therefore, we can compute the concurrence of spin pairs in the chain steadily. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • Formation of active N–Co(II)–O centers by calcinating under oxidizing atmosphere. • The elimination of target pollutants in high backgrounds of complex constituents. • Heterolytic cleavage of peroxide O-O bond to form the Co(IV) = O species. • Provide a thought to prepare Co-based hybrid organic–inorganic heterogeneous catalyst. Co-based hybrid organic–inorganic heterogeneous catalyst was prepared using cobalt tetraaminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) as precursor via simple one-pot calcination under oxidizing atmosphere, and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray absorption fine spectroscopy, etc. The results showed that the oxygen (O) atom was introduced into the Co(II)–N4 structure of CoTAPc, generating the active N–Co(II)–O centers with novel coordination environment around the ion of cobalt. This heterogeneous Co-based hybrid catalyst exhibits high catalytic activity and sufficient stability for the elimination of organic pollutants by H 2 O 2 activation, even in high backgrounds of complex constituents. Moreover, the controllable H 2 O 2 activation was achieved at relatively low H 2 O 2 dosage under mild condition. The possible mechanism of the heterolytic cleavage of O–O bond during H 2 O 2 activation was proposed, and such different cobalt coordination environment facilitated the formation of high active Co(IV) = O species. Besides, the oxidation pathway of substrates was presented according to the intermediates and the final products detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/high-definition mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palladium nanoparticles supported on low-melting polyester (Pd/LMPET) fabric were prepared through a microwave irradiation assisted method. In this way, in situ growth of Pd nanoparticles onto an easy to handle material was initiated and proceeded. The results of the characterization revealed that the palladium nanoparticles were well-dispersed on the surfaces of the polyester fibers. The Pd/LMPET fabrics were then employed in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. They exhibited excellent catalytic activity in ethanol/water under air atmosphere at 50 °C. Importantly, the Pd/LMPET fabrics could be separated from reaction mixture conveniently and they can still maintain good activity after 8 cycles without Pd leaching. [Display omitted] • In situ growth of Pd nanoparticles on polyester (LMPET) fabric. • Application in Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction. • Pd/LMPET exhibits high catalytic activity under mild conditions. • Easy separation and good recycling performance were achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A heterogeneous copper doped g-C 3 N 4 catalyst has been prepared. • An efficient approach for synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl-benzimidazoles has been developed. • higher catalytic reactivity of the Cu/g-C 3 N 4 catalyst compared with homogeneous copper catalyst was observed. An efficient approach for the synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl-benzimidazoles via cascade annulation of trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides and amines using a heterogeneous copper doped g-C 3 N 4 catalyst has been developed. Compared with the previously reported homogeneous catalytic system, the reaction exhibits higher efficiency and the copper doped g-C 3 N 4 catalyst can be readily recycled for three times with slightly decreased catalytic reactivity. An efficient approach for synthesis of 2-trifluoromethyl-benzimidazoles through cascade annulation of trifluoroacetimidoyl chlorides and amines base on a heterogeneous Cu/g-C 3 N 4 catalyst has been reported. The protocol enables the formation of various 2-trifluoromethyl-benzimidazoles in up to 99% yield and the Cu/g-C 3 N 4 catalyst can be recycled for three times. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses have recently become a hot topic in compact imaging and achromaticity. Current research focuses on exploiting GRIN materials and upgrading the preparation technology. In this study, infrared (IR) GRIN materials were successfully prepared by spark plasma sintering of multilayer chalcogenide glass (ChGs) powders. ChGs powders were derived from the Ge20Se80‐xTex series glasses (x = 0–28 mol%) with a maximum refractive index difference (Δn) of 0.25. The similar glass transition temperatures (ΔTg < 10°C) promote efficient sintering of multilayer powders. Six‐, eight‐, and ten‐layer powders of different compositions were rapidly sintered with a thickness of 600, 300, and 200 µm per layer, respectively. Such tiny layer thickness enables the GRIN materials to exhibit nearly linear refractive index variation. Energy dispersive spectroscopy line scans well characterized the gradient variation of GRIN. The maximum deviation of the refractive index gradient from the fitted target line was only ± 0.016 for the 10‐layer GRIN. The sintered GRIN shows excellent IR transparency, which is of great interest for mid‐wave and long‐wave infrared imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Near-infrared (NIR) glass-converted light-emitting diodes (gc-LEDs) are newly emergent broadband light sources for miniaturizing optical systems like spectrometers. While lots of effort has been spent on materials doped with rare-earth and transition-metal ions, the achievement of these materials with broadband NIR emission and desired wavelength region remains a long-standing challenge, especially operating in the spectral region between 700 and 1100 nm. Herein, a broadband NIR LEDs based on Te cluster-doped silicate glass is developed. Through adjustment of melting atmosphere and network topology of the glass matrix, active NIR Te cluster centers can be generated and stabilized in silicate glass and show a broad emission at 980 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 300 nm under blue light excitation. The photoluminescence of the glass matches well with the absorption of several primary chemical bonds in food and biological tissue. In demonstration experiments, the NIR absorption of different biological tissue by NIR light from our glass is measured, suggesting that the super-broad NIR luminescence of Te-doped silicate glass has potential applications as light sources for nondestructive analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gradient refractive index materials (GRINs) are rapidly evolving in optical achromats and compact imaging systems. And GRINs with multi-band imaging mean higher integration for advanced optical imaging systems. In this paper, GRINs covering mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) were prepared by thermal diffusion method based on Ge 20 Se 80-x Te x glasses. Similar glass transition temperatures (ΔT g = 1 °C) and coefficients of thermal expansion (ΔCTE = 5.47 ppm/K) permit efficient bonding and diffusion processes between the glasses. The GRINs were visualized by infrared imagers, and the axial diffusion results were accurately characterized by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The refractive index difference (Δn) of the GRINs reaches 0.23 and the diffusion depth reaches 3.53 mm. Diffusion coefficients and activation energy were calculated and discussed. Dispersion property is initially evaluated by Abbe number and partial dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, the sulfate (SO4·−) and hydroxyl (HO·) radicals are the dominant active species in most catalytic oxidation processes with peroxymonosulfate (PMS). However, the existence of various natural organic and inorganic matters in aquatic environments might influence the oxidation efficiency of these radicals, and/or form more toxic and refractory intermediates than the parent, especially in chlorine-ion-containing conditions. Here, we constructed a novel visible-light catalytic system with PMS based on iron hexadecachlorophthalocyanine-poly (4-vinylpyridine)/polyacrylonitrile nanofibers through pyridine ligands to generate high-valent iron-oxo (Fe(IV)=O) species as the main active species. The coordination structure was characterized by UV–Vis diffuse reflection, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, etc. The high-valent iron-oxo generation from peroxysulfate O–O bond heterolytic cleavage was proved by high-definition electrospray ionization mass spectrometer. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-definition mass spectrometry showed that the photocatalytic system was efficient for the degradation of carbamazepine and the chlorinated intermediates by iron-oxo active species in chlorine-ion-containing conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alkynones represent one class of interesting building block which are frequently founded in a variety of biologically active compounds.[1] They have been emerged as key intermediates in the synthesis of various natural products and heterocycles.[2] Therefore, a considerable interest has been attracted and numerous strategies have been explored for the synthesis of alkynones. The traditional methods mainly rely on the reactions of acid chlorides with terminal alkynes.>[3–4] However, some drawbacks remain existing, including high reaction temperature, unstable acid chlorides, and poor functional group tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have received increasing attention because of their capability and adaptability in decontamination. The couple of solar light and PMS activation is an environmentally friendly and efficient strategy for environmental remediation. Herein, the iron hexadecachlorophthalocyanine (FePcCl 16 ) was used to coordinate with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ), which was functionalized by pyridine-based ligand isonicotinic acid (INA) to prepare a distinctive catalyst, g-C 3 N 4 -INA-FePcCl 16 . The experimental results revealed that g-C 3 N 4 -INA-FePcCl 16 can activate PMS efficiently for the elimination of carbamazepine (CBZ) under visible light irradiation over a wide pH range. Upon irradiation with visible light, CBZ was destroyed by the solider g-C 3 N 4 with generated sulfate (SO 4 − ) and hydroxyl ( OH) radicals, on the other hand, high-valent iron (Fe (IV) = O) species accompanied by SO 4 − and OH radicals were produced by excited-state FePcCl 16 (*FePcCl 16 ) during oxidation, which is different from a traditional PMS activation system. The axial pyridine-based ligand was protected under the FePcCl 16 macrocyclic structure shield. Noteworthy, in the absence of visible light, g-C 3 N 4 -INA-FePcCl 16 showed a higher catalytic performance than pure g-C 3 N 4 , FePcCl 16 and a mechanical mixture of the two. This study allows for the construction of an effective and environmental catalytic system, which can be applied to purify water that contains refractory pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As highly active species, in theory, hydroxyl radicals ( OH) can move freely and destroy almost all organic compounds, including catalysts with a conjugate structure. Therefore, a system that can generate oxidative species with a high activity, but where the active species is anchored to avoid autooxidation, is urgently required. In this work, we fabricated a novel visible-light-assisted advanced oxidation process based on high-valent iron species (Fe(IV) O) over graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) that was coordinated to iron hexadecachlorophthalocyanine (FePcCl 16 ) through imidazole ligands (IMD). Under visible-light excitation, the phthalocyanine ring of the g-C 3 N 4 -IMD-FePcCl 16 /hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) can be motivated to an excited state FePcCl 16 ∗ , in which active H 2 O 2 and the generation of anchored Fe(IV) O species are used for the degradation of carbamazepine (CBZ). Because the molecular movement of transient Fe(IV) O species is restricted, the possibility of oxidative collision is minimized, which provides good stability. An analysis of the electron paramagnetic resonance, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, photoluminescence spectra, periodic on/off photocurrent density response and the photo-assisted catalytic active experiments, indicates that the rapid generation of Fe(IV) O species occurs as the catalyst contacts the H 2 O 2 , which inhibits the conduction-band electrons of the g-C 3 N 4 from reacting with H 2 O 2 and generating OH. This study provides insight into the construction of suitable structures that will enhance visible-light-assisted catalytic oxidation activity and allow for the fabrication of an anchored highly active species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and quasi-tunable optical frequency comb (OFC) generator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated using a C-band passively Fabry-Pérot quantum dot mode-locked laser and a dual-driven LiNbO 3 Mach–Zehnder modulator. A 16-nm bandwidth OFC with 81, 58 and 30 comb lines at frequency interval of 23.3 GHz, 35 GHz and 70 GHz respectively is obtained experimentally. Measured average optical signal to noise ratio of 10-dB bandwidth OFCs is 36.3 dB, 38.5 dB and 40.8 dB at frequency interval of 23.3 GHz, 35 GHz and 70 GHz, respectively. Besides, single-sideband phase noise of the 23.3 GHz and 35 GHz frequency comb is −110 dBc/Hz and −102 dBc/Hz at an offset of 1 kHz, respectively. RF linewidth of the 23.3 GHz and 35 GHz OFC is about from 275 Hz to 289 Hz. This is considered a very simple OFC generator with a broadband and seamless spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In nature, metalloporphyrins, such as chlorophyll, cytochrome P450 and so forth, are key materials in maintaining the ecological cycles, especially the carbon cycle, and play an important role in both photosynthesis and the catalytic oxidation of organisms. Inspired by these factors, we skillfully combined photocatalysis and biomimetic catalysis using imidazole (IMD)-functionalized modification of g-C 3 N 4 and axial coordination with hemin. Compared with pure hemin, g-C 3 N 4 and a mixture of the two, our novel catalytic system (g-C 3 N 4 -IMD-hemin/H 2 O 2 ) showed high photocatalytic oxidation activity for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), and the stability of hemin was enhanced under solar irradiation. Furthermore, the effect of pH and the sustained photocatalytic oxidation stability of g-C 3 N 4 -IMD-hemin for degrading 4-CP were investigated. The results indicated that g-C 3 N 4 -IMD-hemin presents a high photocatalytic oxidation activity over a wide pH range and exhibits good recyclability. A series of designed experiments showed that superoxide radicals ( O 2 − ), high-valent iron (Fe(IV) = O) species, peroxy radicals ( OOH) and few hydroxyl radicals ( OH) were generated in the g-C 3 N 4 -IMD-hemin/H 2 O 2 system. This synergistic photocatalytic and biomimetic process offers new insight for the utilization of solar energy and offers a new perspective for the exploration of catalysts for environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, convex microlens arrays (MLAs) on chalcogenide glass (ChG) surface were fabricated through femtosecond laser direct writing and precision molding. Femtosecond laser writing was first employed to induce regularly arranged damage craters on the surface of silica glass. Then, the surface of silica was etched with hydrofluoric acid to obtain a smooth concave MLA. Finally, the concave microlens of silica was replicated on the surface of ChG by precision molding to obtain ChG MLA. The resulting ChG MLA had a uniform structure, clear image, and good focusing effect. By optimising the parameters of laser direct writing and chemical etching, we produced 1600 rectangular and hexagonal microlenses from As 2 Se 3.The optical performances of MLAs were demonstrated by their excellent imaging and focusing capabilities. The method applied provides an efficient way to prepare large-scale MLA masks and MLAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chalcogenide solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) have been receiving growing attentions due to their high ionic conductivity and suitable mechanic properties, especially the Li2S–P2S5 systems incorporated with a second glass network formers (Si, Ge, Sn, and so on) besides P. Although the ionic conductivities are generally enhanced with the second glass network formers, the comprehensive effects of different glass formers on other properties, including electrochemical, cycling, and air stability, remain elusive. To acquire deeper understanding, herein, three common but representative glass network formers (SiS2, GeS2, and SnS2) were introduced into Li2S–P2S5, and their individual effects were investigated systematically. The results of multiscale characterizations before and after lithium stripping/plating cycling confirmed that the introduction of metal cations (Ge, Sn) generally leads to worse electrochemical stability and shorter cycle life of these SSEs toward lithium metal compared with SSEs with nonmetal cation (Si) modification. However, the air stability is related to the binding energy of M–S (M = Si, Ge, Sn), which is consistent with the hard base soft acid theory. This work provides valuable understanding for designing pragmatic Li2S–P2S5–MS2‐based SSEs with high electrochemistry, cycling, and air stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly sensitive mid-infrared evanescent wave sensor based on side-polished (SPF) chalcogenide fiber (ChG) was proposed in this work. The optimum optical fiber parameters were determined via numerical simulation by detecting the leakage intensity of evanescent waves from the optical fiber of different polish depths. The SPF remarkably enhanced the evanescent wave sensing while maintaining fiber loss and strength. Graphene oxide (GO) was coated on the fiber to enhance the sensitivity of SPF sensor for butane (C 4 H 10). GO has a great specific surface area and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, which enlarges the contact area of GO with gas molecules and enables to adsorb gas. Results show that the GO-SPF sensor can be three and five times more sensitive than the original fiber optic sensor and SPF sensor for butane gas detection, and has a fast response time and good repeatability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Te-based glasses are ideal material for life detection and infrared-sensing applications because of their excellent far-infrared properties. In this study, the influence of Ag- and AgI- doped Te-based glasses were discussed. Thermal and optical properties of the prepared glasses were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results show that these glass samples have good amorphous state and thermal stability. However, Ge–Ga–Te–Ag and Ge–Ga–Te–AgI glass systems exhibit completely different in optical properties. With an increase of Ag content, the absorption cut-off edge of Ge–Ga–Te–Ag glass system has a red shift. On the contrary, a blue shift appears in Ge–Ga–Te–AgI glass system with an increase of AgI content. Moreover, the transmittance of Ge–Ga–Te–Ag glass system deteriorates while that of Ge–Ga–Te–AgI glass system ameliorates. All glass samples have wide infrared transmission windows and the far-infrared cut-off wavelengths of these glasses are beyond 25 μm. The main absorption peaks of these glasses are eliminated through a purifying method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Novel palladium-catalyzed method efficiently synthesizes branch α,β-unsaturated amides. • High chemo- and regioselectivity achieved in the hydroaminocarbonylation of terminal alkynes. • Ligand and acid additives are essential for optimizing selectivity and yield. • Direct utilization of nitroarenes and Mo(CO) 6 as nitrogen and carbonyl sources. We report an innovative palladium-catalyzed hydroaminocarbonylation approach that efficiently converts nitroarenes and terminal alkynes into α,β-unsaturated amides. This method, with broad substrate compatibility, delivers 32% to 87% yields with excellent regioselectivity. Central to the effectiveness of this reaction are the bipyridine ligand and salicylic acid, which play pivotal roles in optimizing both selectivity and product yield. Mechanistic experiments revealed that arylamine serves as a critical intermediate in the overall reaction, highlighting a unique pathway in the catalytic cycle. In contrast to conventional procedures, this protocol employs diverse nitroarenes and Mo(CO) 6 as direct nitrogen and solid carbonyl sources, streamlining the process and enhancing safety by reducing the reliance on hazardous CO gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A bimetallic decorative catalyst with interfacial coupling effect was constructed. • Active Fe 3 O 4 was formed via FePc calcination under air atmosphere. • 97% FDCA yield was obtained at ambient temperature under air oxygen and sunlight. • The mechanism for the synthesis of FDCA was investigated. • This study provides a new strategy for the conversion of HMF to FDCA under mild conditions. The photocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is important to facilitate the conversion of biomass into high-value compounds under mild conditions. This study developed Au/TiO 2 catalysts through the urea deposition method, subsequently integrating them with iron phthalocyanine (FePc) via ball milling, resulting in FePc/Au-TiO 2. These catalysts were calcined at various temperatures. The results indicated that Au nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on TiO 2 , and Fe in FePc/Au TiO 2 calcined at 410 °C mainly exists in the form of ferrosoferric oxide (Fe 3 O 4). FePc/Au-TiO 2 with 30 % FePc which calcined at 410 °C demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic activity, achieving a 97 % yield of FDCA. The effects of various experimental parameters on the conversion of HMF to FDCA were investigated, such as the calcination temperatures, the FePc amount, base, and catalyst dosage. Electron paramagnetic resonance and active species capture tests revealed the catalyst can convert O 2 into •O 2 – and 1O 2 through excited electrons and photogenerated holes. This study highlights the role of interfacial coupling interactions in boosting catalytic performance, offering a novel approach for photocatalyst development in converting HMF to FDCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Introducing inorganic pigments modified g-C 3 N 4 to prepare colorful photocatalysts. • The photocatalysts had high catalytic activity for nicotine under sunlight and LED. • The photocatalytic fibers could be antibacterial in addition to degrading nicotine. • •O 2 – and 1O 2 were main active species of the reaction to reduce carrier corrosion. • A feasible method for constructing colorful, efficient and stable photocatalysts. Color, as an integral part of human life, enriches human material civilization and spiritual life. However, due to increasingly serious environmental pollution, the use of pigments is no longer limited to beautifying the environment, and their broader applications have also become the focus of research in recent years. Here, a simple one-step calcination method has been used to prepare new functional pigments by combining commercialized inorganic pigments with a novel g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst. These functional pigments exhibit high photocatalytic activity against nicotine under simulated sunlight and even weak white light emitting diode (white-LED) irradiation, and the degree of removal reached almost 100 % in 105 min. The novel photocatalytic pigments were further appended on the surface of low melting point sheath-core composite polyester fibers (LMPET), and the obtained multicolored photocatalytic fibers displayed multiple functions for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and antibacterial properties. Moreover, the prepared multicolored photocatalytic fibers could be recycled, and their catalytic performance was stable without significant reduction after ten cycles. The enhanced performance could be attributed to the expansion of the visible-light response range and the efficient separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. In addition, electron paramagnetic resonance analysis confirmed that •O 2 − and 1O 2 , rather than •OH, are the main reactive species for the photocatalytic reaction, effectively avoiding the oxidative corrosion of textile substrates. These novel photocatalytic pigments show great potential in the fields of painting and decoration, not only being aesthetically pleasing, but also acting to purify the indoor environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In present work, we discovered that nano-crystallization behavior of Ge–S binary chalcogenide glass can be remarkably improved by incorporating trace amount of CsCl as nucleating agent. After implementing an annealing process, the resultant Ge-S-CsCl chalcogenide glass ceramics (GSC ChGCs) possess fine distribution of crystallites belonging to GeS 2 and GeS mixture phase which could enhance mechanical strength and narrow bandgap energy of the original glass. By utilizing femtosecond Z-scan method, nonlinear optical properties of the GSC ChGCs were investigated in a spectral range from 750 to 900 nm. The results showed that the nonlinear absorption attribute of the GSC ChGCs can be enhanced by the crystallinity increase which led to the maximum two-photon absorption coefficient of 19.57 cm/GW at excitation wavelength of 750 nm, increased by 78% as compared to the original glass. This indicates the current GSC ChGCs a promising candidate for the optical limiting devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) supported palladium catalyst. • Palladium catalyzed carbonylative construction of 3-carbonyl-benzo[ b ]furan scaffolds. • o -Alkynylphenols and nitroarenes were used as starting materials. • Mo(CO) 6 used as both CO surrogate and reductant. • Good to excellent yields of 3-carbonyl-benzo[ b ]furan derivatives were obtained. Heterogeneous catalytic processes have a number of advantages over conventional chemical synthesis, such as lower catalyst loading and easier catalyst recyclability. Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) can be readily prepared and used in most organically reactive environments due to its excellent high temperature resistance and chemical stability. Herein, a heterogeneous activated carbon fibers supported palladium (Pd/ACFs) catalyzed carbonylative cyclization of o -alkynylphenols with nitroarenes has been developed for the rapid construction of 3-carbonyl-benzo[ b ]furan scaffolds. By employing nitroarenes as the nitrogen source, Mo(CO) 6 as both the CO surrogate and the reductant, the reaction afforded a variety of 3-carbonyl-benzo[ b ]furan derivatives in good to excellent yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO 2 molecule, one of the main molecules to create new life, should be probed accurately to detect the existence of life in exoplanets. The primary signature of CO 2 molecule is approximately 15 μm, and traditional S- and Se-based glass fibers are unsuitable. Thus, Te-based glass is the only ideal candidate glass for far-infrared detection. In this study, a new kind of Te-based chalcohalide glass system was discovered with relatively stable and large optical band gap. A traditional melt-quenching method was adopted to prepare a series of (Ge 15 Ga 10 Te 75 ) 100− x (CsBr) x chalcogenide glass samples. Experiment results indicate that the glass-forming ability and thermal properties of glass samples were improved when CsBr was added in the host of Ge–Ga–Te glass. Ge–Ga–Te glass could remarkably dissolve CsBr content as much as 85 at.%, which is the highest halide content in all reports for Te-based chalcohalide glasses. Moreover, Δ T values of these glass samples were all above 100 °C. The glass sample (Ge 15 Ga 10 Te 75 ) 65 (CsBr) 35 with Δ T of 119 °C was the largest, which was 7 °C larger than that of Ge 15 Ga 10 Te 75 host glass. The infrared transmission spectra of these glasses show that the far-infrared cut-off wavelengths of (Ge 15 Ga 10 Te 75 ) 100− x (CsBr) x chalcogenide glasses were all beyond 25 μm. In conclusion, (Ge 15 Ga 10 Te 75 ) 100− x (CsBr) x chalcogenide glasses are potential materials for far-infrared optical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel Te-based glass system was investigated. Some properties of Ge–Ga–Te–NaI chalcogenide glasses such as physical, thermal and optical transmitting were discussed. XRD patterns show this glass system with best amorphous state can dissolve content of NaI as much as 35 at.%. The lowest cut-off wavelength of glass samples is 1645 nm which is the smallest wavelength among the reported Te-based glasses doping with halide. DSC curves indicate that all glass samples have good thermal stabilities (Δ T > 100 °C) and the highest Δ T value corresponding to (Ge 15 Ga 10 Te 75 ) 85 (NaI) 15 glass is 120 °C which is 8 °C greater than that of Ge–Ga–Te host glass. The infrared spectra manifest Ge–Ga–Te–NaI chalcogenide glass system has a wide infrared transmission window between 1.6 μm and 20 μm. Consequently, Ge–Ga–Te–NaI glasses can be a candidate material for far infrared optic imaging and bio-sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The visible light range of g-C 3 N 4 was broadened by FePPc sensitization. • FePPc and g-C 3 N 4 could be stripped mechanically, be recompounded and exposed more active sites by ball milling. • The π-π stacked interaction between FePPc and g-C 3 N 4 contributed to the faster electron transfer. • FePPc/g-C 3 N 4 can oxidize recalcitrant pollutants deeply and reduce CO 2 under solar irradiation. • Provide some insights into the preparation of photocatalysts for environmental and energy applications. Solar light response photocatalysts have been extensively studied to alleviate energy crisis and solve environmental pollution problems. Herein, polymerized iron phthalocyanine (FePPc) was prepared and then compounded with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) by ball milling to obtain FePPc/g-C 3 N 4 composite photocatalyst. During the ball milling process, FePPc was mechanically exfoliated and compounded with g-C 3 N 4 , which the binding mode mainly relied on π-π stacking interaction with each other. Carbamazepine (CBZ) was completely removed within 15 min by FePPc/g-C 3 N 4 under solar irradiation in the presence of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Moreover, carbon dioxide (CO 2) was also effectively reduced in the solar light responsive catalytic system with FePPc/g-C 3 N 4 and the CO yield was 3388.98 µmol/g in 12 h. Compared with small molecule iron phthalocyanine (FePc)/g-C 3 N 4 , FePPc/g-C 3 N 4 presented a significantly enhanced photocatalytic oxidation and reduction performance under solar light irradiation. Significantly, the visible light response of composite catalyst has been broadened due to FePPc sensitization, which reaching the near-IR light absorption band. Meanwhile, the compounding of photogenerated electron-hole pairs were efficaciously suppressed originating from the stronger bonding and greater electronic transfer between FePPc and g-C 3 N 4. This work provides an effective basis for improving the utilization of sunlight in wastewater treatment and CO 2 reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]