Search

In quantum electronics, quantum‐dot cellular automata (CA) is a technology to replace current transistor‐based technologies. It provides low‐power, incredibly dense, and high‐speed constructions at a nano‐scale. Quantum‐dot CA is a revolutionary nano‐scale technology that overcomes various restrictions in metal‐oxide technology and simplifies the construction of digital integrated circuits. On the other hand, the demultiplexer is a valuable component for optimizing the entire process in logical design. So, proper cell placement and associated clock zone become the most important design requirement for effective logic operation in demultiplexer. Also, redundancy in fault‐tolerant circuits can increase the dependability of digital circuits. However, in this area, the studies are not adequate, and most of them suffer from improper use of clocking systems and inefficient circuit features such as fault‐tolerant. As a result, the current study demonstrates a unique quantum‐dot CA‐based fault‐tolerant 1:2 demultiplexer design. The proposed method is verified by implementing the fault‐tolerant gates and cell redundancy. Also, we look at the layouts' cells, area, latency, single‐cell missing, single‐cell displacement, and additional single‐cell. We also use the famous simulator, QCADesigner, to model the proposed design. The proposed fault‐tolerant 1:2 demultiplexer's effectiveness is also discussed. Sixty‐eight cells and 0.04 μm2 of occupied space make up the unique fault‐tolerant 1:2 demultiplexer. The results showed that the proposed design is completely faults‐tolerance regarding tolerant missing, displaced, and additional single cells faults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• determine the optimal capacity, type, number and location of renewable energy resource • Optimal location of the switch for clustering the traditional DN into a set of interconnected MGs • Considering multiple function contains; operation cost, reliability, network structure and environmental factors together • Considering uncertainty to generate and reduce scenario-based modelling. In this paper, a scenario-based strategy for optimizing multiple microgrids has been proposed by considering the demand and renewable energy sources (RES) unit unpredictability. The approach seeks to determine the appropriate capability, category, number, and position of renewable and controllable distributed RES, and the ideal switch site for clustering the traditional distributed network (DN) into a collection of interconnected micro-grids (MGs) with an economical and trustworthy structure. The suggested solution attempts to minimize all plans, counting asset and process expenses, system loss, air pollution, and the cost of microgrid s' unsupplied energy. The Monte Carlo method was adopted to generate and reduce the scenarios, and the Newton-Raphson method was used for power flow. To optimize the system, we used the improved shark smell optimization algorithm in the simulation. Obtained results of economic and reliability assessment demonstrate that by dividing the traditional DNs into a set of multiple MGs, the reductions in reliability costs and technical costs are provided due to the reduction in losses and the improvement of the voltage profile, thereby reducing the total system costs. Also, obtained numerical analyzes show 0.34%, 0.14% and 0.12% improvement, in comparison to genetic algorithms, particle community and artificial bee colony, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: To avoid the activated radiation of cobalt-based alloy, a new cobalt-free Fe-based alloy powder (FeCr-1) has been developed. In addition to the main constituent of Fe, this powder contains C, Ni, Cr, B, Si, W, V, Mo, Mn, etc. By using a hollow laser, FeCr-1 has been successfully prepared on the surface of stainless steel as the cobalt-free strengthening layer. Investigation reveals that the microhardness of this laser cladding coating corresponds to that of cobalt-based alloy Stellite 6. The XRD result reveals that the primary phases of, Fe2SiV, Ni2Si and Si2.2Mn6 as well as various fine carbides such as Fe0.4Mn3.6C, Fe3C and Fe5C2 exist in the coating. Analysis indicates that this kind of alloy has some advantages of high wear resistance, good corrosion resistance and high temperature tolerance. The capability of the Co-free FeCr-1 alloy powder is close to that of Stellite 6, thus it could be the promising candidate material of bead welding used for the new generation nuclear power valves. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Mobility is a natural ability of Java objects as they can be easily serialized and transmitted between Java virtual machines, however, mobility is not provided in the standard Java programming environment. We design a metacomputing environment for Distributed, Parallel and Concurrent computing (JDPC) based on the extension to the standard Java library. JDPC supports active objects as the basic units of activity and distribution used for building applications using JDPC. This paper investigates the design, implementation and performance of mobility of active objects in JDPC. The migration is done in a scalable and secure way based-on JDPC. It has the ability to easily migrate computation, especially in heterogeneous environments. Moreover, it can be used for dynamic load balancing and dynamic deployment purposes to gain improved performance and flexibility of distributed applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Pod dehiscence brings much loss for modern agricultural production, and multiple pod dehiscence components have been identified in many plant species. However, the pod dehiscence regulation factors in soybean are limited. In this study, we investigate the function of GmDIR26, a close homologues gene of pod dehiscence genes GmPdh1, PvPdh1, and CaPdh1, in the regulation of pod dehiscence in soybean. The secondary and tertiary structure analysis reveals that GmDIR26 protein has a similar structure with GmPdh1, PvPdh1, and CaPdh1 proteins. Synteny analysis of soybean and chickpea genomes shows that the genomic region surrounding GmDIR26 and CaPdh1 might be evolved from the same ancestor, and these two genes might have similar function. GmDIR26 shows an increased expression pattern during pod development and reaches a peak at beginning seed stage. Meanwhile, GmDIR26 exhibits high expression levels in dorsal suture and pod wall, but low expression pattern in ventral suture. In addition, GmDIR26 shows higher expression levels in pod dehiscence genotype than that in pod indehiscence accessions. Overexpression of GmDIR26 in soybean increases pod dehiscence in transgenic plants, of which the lignin layer in inner sclerenchyma pods is thicker and looser. The expression levels of several pod dehiscence genes are altered. Our study provides important information for further modification of pod dehiscence resistance soybean and characterization of soybean pod dehiscence regulation network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

KIR3DL2*115 differs from KIR3DL2*01001 by a single nucleotide substitution at position 761 A>G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. This study aimed to compare changes in ocular status after 3D TV viewing under three modes of illumination and thereby identify optimal illumination for 3D TV viewing. Methods. The following measures of ocular status were assessed: the accommodative response, accommodative microfluctuation, accommodative facility, relative accommodation, gradient accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio, phoria, and fusional vergence. The observers watched 3D television for 90 minutes through 3D shutter glasses under three illumination modes: A, complete darkness; B, back illumination (50 lx); and C, front illumination (130 lx). The ocular status of the observers was assessed both before and after the viewing. Results. After 3D TV viewing, the accommodative response and accommodative microfluctuation were significantly changed under illumination Modes A and B. The near positive fusional vergence decreased significantly after the 90-minute 3D viewing session under each illumination mode, and this effect was not significantly different among the three modes. Conclusions. Short-term 3D viewing modified the ocular status of adults. The least amount of such change occurred with front illumination, suggesting that this type of illumination is an appropriate mode for 3D shutter TV viewing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To measure corneal hysteresis (CH) in unilateral chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG) patients to determine if it was affected by high intraocular pressure (IOP). Design: Prospective interventional case series. Methods: CH and Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg) were obtained with the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Dephew, New York, USA) and central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by optical coherence tomography. Baseline CH, IOPg, and CCT were measured in 40 CPACG eyes and compared to the fellow eyes and 40 normal controls. Reduction of IOPg in CPACG eyes was achieved medically, followed by trabeculectomy and peripheral iridectomy. Measurements were repeated at 2 and 4 weeks posttherapy. Results: IOPg decreased significantly from 31.55 ± 10.48 mm Hg (mean ± standard deviation) before therapy to 11.47 ± 4.71 mm Hg, and CH increased significantly from 6.83 ± 2.08 mm Hg to 9.22 ± 1.80 mm Hg at 2 weeks, with no further changes after that. However, the CH in the treated eyes remained significantly lower compared with that of fellow and normal eyes. Before treatment, CH was negatively correlated with IOPg; however, there was no correlation after treatment. CCT was not affected by the reduced IOPg in the CPACG eyes. Conclusions: CH was significantly lower in CPACG patients, and partial recovery occurred after successful IOP-lowering therapy. Alternations affecting corneal biomechanical properties appear to occur during glaucoma development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]