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Background: Effective interdisciplinary communication of imaging findings is vital for patient care, as referring physicians depend on the contained information for the decision-making and subsequent treatment. Traditional radiology reports contain non-structured free text and potentially tangled information in narrative language, which can hamper the information transfer and diminish the clarity of the report. Therefore, this study investigates whether newly developed structured reports (SRs) of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can improve interdisciplinary communication, as compared to non-structured reports (NSRs). Methods: 50 NSRs and 50 SRs describing a single prostatic lesion were presented to four urologists with expert level experience in prostate cancer surgery or targeted MRI TRUS fusion biopsy. They were subsequently asked to plot the tumor location in a 2-dimensional prostate diagram and to answer a questionnaire focusing on information on clinically relevant key features as well as the perceived structure of the report. A validated scoring system that distinguishes between “major” and “minor” mistakes was used to evaluate the accuracy of the plotting of the tumor position in the prostate diagram. Results: The mean total score for accuracy for SRs was significantly higher than for NSRs (28.46 [range 13.33–30.0] vs. 21.75 [range 0.0–30.0], p < 0.01). The overall rates of major mistakes (54% vs. 10%) and minor mistakes (74% vs. 22%) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) for NSRs than for SRs. The rate of radiologist re-consultations was significantly lower (p < 0.01) for SRs than for NSRs (19% vs. 85%). Furthermore, SRs were rated as significantly superior to NSRs in regard to determining the clinical tumor stage (p < 0.01), the quality of the summary (4.4 vs. 2.5; p < 0.01), and overall satisfaction with the report (4.5 vs. 2.3; p < 0.01), and as more valuable for further clinical decision-making and surgical planning (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Structured reporting of prostate MRI has the potential to improve interdisciplinary communication. Through SRs, expert urologists were able to more accurately assess the exact location of single prostate cancer lesions, which can facilitate surgical planning. Furthermore, structured reporting of prostate MRI leads to a higher satisfaction level of the referring physician. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dietary analyses were carried out on four species of native birds on Tiritiri Matangi and Motuora Islands, New Zealand, between February 2007 and February 2008. We examined regurgitated pellets of kingfishers, moreporks and swamp harriers, and the faeces of pukeko. Remains of lizards were found in 88% and 43% of regurgitated kingfisher pellets on Tiritiri Matangi and Motuora, respectively. All remains belonged to one species, Oligosoma moco. No evidence of lizard predation was found for the other three bird species. Translocation of lizards to areas supporting a high abundance of kingfishers should take avian predation risk into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poster: RTT track: Treatment planning and dose calculation / QC and QA PO-1868: In silico hypofractionation feasibility study for lymph node oligometastases SBRT on the MRI-linac D. Winkel, W.S.C. Eppinga, M.P.W. Intven, A.M. Werensteijn-Honingh, J. Hes, L.M.W. Snoeren, G.H. Bol, B.W. Raaymakers, I.M. Jürgenliemk-Schulz, P.S. Kroon. [Extracted from the article]

Objectives: To develop and test a Retina U-Net algorithm for the detection of primary lung tumors and associated metastases of all stages on FDG-PET/CT. Methods: A data set consisting of 364 FDG-PET/CTs of patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer was used for algorithm development and internal testing. The data set comprised tumors of all stages. All lung tumors (T), lymphatic metastases (N), and distant metastases (M) were manually segmented as 3D volumes using whole-body PET/CT series. The data set was split into a training (n = 216), validation (n = 74), and internal test data set (n = 74). Detection performance for all lesion types at multiple classifier thresholds was evaluated and false-positive-findings-per-case (FP/c) calculated. Next, detected lesions were assigned to categories T, N, or M using an automated anatomical region segmentation. Furthermore, reasons for FPs were visually assessed and analyzed. Finally, performance was tested on 20 PET/CTs from another institution. Results: Sensitivity for T lesions was 86.2% (95% CI: 77.2–92.7) at a FP/c of 2.0 on the internal test set. The anatomical correlate to most FPs was the physiological activity of bone marrow (16.8%). TNM categorization based on the anatomical region approach was correct in 94.3% of lesions. Performance on the external test set confirmed the good performance of the algorithm (overall detection rate = 88.8% (95% CI: 82.5–93.5%) and FP/c = 2.7). Conclusions: Retina U-Nets are a valuable tool for tumor detection tasks on PET/CT and can form the backbone of reading assistance tools in this field. FPs have anatomical correlates that can lead the way to further algorithm improvements. The code is publicly available. Key Points: • Detection of malignant lesions in PET/CT with Retina U-Net is feasible. • All false-positive findings had anatomical correlates, physiological bone marrow activity being the most prevalent. • Retina U-Nets can build the backbone for tools assisting imaging professionals in lung tumor staging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poster discussion: RTT 2 PD-0672: Effect of a vacuum mattress on bone & target intra-fraction motion during MR-guided lymph node SBRT A.M. Werensteijn-honingh, P.S. Kroon, D. Winkel, C.G. Gadellaa-Van Hooijdonk, G.G. Sikkes, N.G.P.M. Vissers, W.S.C. Eppinga, M. Intven, B.W. Raaymakers, I.M. Jürgenliemk-Schulz. [Extracted from the article]

Exotic reptile and amphibian species have the potential to have ecological or economic impacts in New Zealand. Tony Whitaker, the consultant herpetologist for the New Zealand biosecurity agency from 2000 to 2014, was instrumental in developing and maintaining a database of exotic reptiles and amphibians intercepted at the border, completing risk assessments for the exotic herpetofauna species present in the domestic pet trade, and was involved in several compliance investigations for species illegally imported into New Zealand. These key contributions laid the foundation for the development of New Zealand's biosecurity protocols for exotic herpetofauna. Here we provide an overview of Tony's contributions in these three areas and present a detailed summary of the exotic amphibian and reptile species intercepted at the New Zealand border (1852 interceptions involving 2237 individuals from 201 different species). Sea transport routes originating from Australia, southeastern Asia and the Pacific region are the major source of exotic herpetofauna species arriving at New Zealand's borders. Stowaway individuals generally arrive alone, are alive when detected and are intercepted at the border. Lizards, and geckos in particular, constitute the majority of exotic herpetofauna species being accidentally imported into New Zealand. These results suggest that substantially more amphibian and reptile species are being moved around the world via human-assisted dispersal than previously recognised, and that most of these stowaways may be overlooked in other jurisdictions in the world that lack comprehensive biosecurity programmes. The database of exotic amphibian and reptile species will enable a range of future studies on the trade pathways and transport vectors through which they arrive in New Zealand, and the traits associated with successful herpetofauna stowaways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Intensive microstructure sampling over the southern slope of the Cycladic Plateau found very weak mixing in the pycnocline, centered on a thin minimum of diapycnal diffusivity with m2 s−1. Below the pycnocline, increased exponentially in the bottom 200m, reaching 1×10−4 m2 s−1 a few meters above the bottom. Near-bottom mixing was most intense where the bottom slope equaled the characteristic slope of the semi-diurnal internal tide. This suggests internal wave scattering and/or generation at the bottom, a conclusion supported by near-bottom dissipation rates increasing following rising winds and with intensifying internal waves. Several pinnacles on the slope were local mixing hotspots. Signatures included a vertical line of strong mixing in a pinnacle''s wake, an hydraulic jump or lee wave over a downstream side of the summit, and a ‘beam’ sloping upward at the near-inertial characteristic slope. Because dissipation rate averages were dominated by strong turbulence, ϵ/νN 2 >100, the effect on of alternate mixing efficiencies proposed for this range of turbulent intensity is explored. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]