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Synthetic biology is an emerging, interdisciplinary research field with much promise for biomedicine. Broadly defined as "the design and construction of new biological systems to perform specific tasks," researchers and clinicians are using synthetic biology to develop targeted treatments for cancer, coronaviruses, and so forth. Because of the experimental nature of synthetic biology, regulation is necessary. Current federal frameworks, such as the Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act, The Toxic Substances Act of 1976, Institutional Review Boards, and self-regulation are not enough. As a result, states have a unique opportunity to develop statutory and regulatory frameworks to develop a pathway for regulating synthetic biology. In developing legislation, state lawmakers should look to build a comprehensive framework that addresses businesses selling technology for synthesizing DNA codes, monitors orders for synthetic DNA, and develops statewide documentation systems. Additionally, public health information on treatments using synthetic biology can help to educate the public and reduce the prevalence of misconceptions about the technology. In the absence of federal regulation, states should step into the synthetic biology regulatory space to ensure that their citizens are not harmed by therapies developed using synthetic biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollock notes the powerful impact on Salomon of Berlin theatre, particularly Brecht's popular I Threepenny Opera i , and film, especially I Mädchen in Uniform i . Despite this reservation, I Charlotte Salomon and the Theatre of Memory i is the most insightful and satisfying study of Salomon's challenging I Life? Another intriguing aspect of Pollock's study is her revelation that she was unable to finish this book for fifteen years, although she published early versions of several chapters as articles during two decades of work on Salomon's ouevre. A central argument of Pollock's study is that Salomon was "culturally nameless at the point at which she created the work for which her name is now remembered" (9), which impelled her quest to "find a name for myself", as noted in what her biographer Mary Lowenthal Felstiner called her "postscript", the painted-word pages at the end of I Life?. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on the court case California v. Texas, decided by the U.S. Supreme Court on June 21, 2021. Topics include the Court's ruling on standing regarding the individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act, the implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on the mandate, and the differing opinions of the justices on the constitutionality and severability of the mandate.

The last 20 years have seen a substantial growth in research on the extent to which health sector reforms are pro-poor or pro-rich. What has been missing is knowledge synthesis work to derive operational lessons from the empirical research. This article fills the gap for the most popular form of health financing reform, health insurance. Based on publications covering 20 developing countries, we find that health insurance is no panacea for improving equity in the health sector. More importantly, we find certain design elements of health insurance can increase the likelihood of tackling inequality in the health sector in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay interrogates and expands conventional views of the archive by considering how subjects who write themselves engage in processes of archival thinking and practices of curation in autobiographical discourse. It tracks features of alternative archives of the self in life writing through six microstudies that engage different concerns in autobiographical texts by women in recent centuries. The issues explored are affective archives of feelings and impressions; archives for rewriting the past; the imaginary archives of possible selves; digital archives of embodiment and desire; archives in global circulation; and archival remediation. The conclusion poses questions for those developing theoretical frameworks and methodologies to interpret the archival imaginary in the lives women inscribe and the afterlives they acquire. This article looks to expand methodologies in the field of archival studies that do not sufficiently attended to the status of the evidentiary in autobiographical materials and the archival imaginary mobilized in some autobiographical acts and practices and their afterlives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden among men who have sex with men (MSM), there is little research on health services provided to MSM in China and other low- and middle-income countries. Discrimination and inadequate services may discourage MSM from seeking health care services. This study examined essential services provided to MSM and health care discrimination among MSM in China.Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted among MSM who saw a physician in the last 24 months in China. The survey included items on sociodemographic information, HIV testing, experiences from the last physician encounter, and history of perceived health care discrimination. We defined MSM-competent physicians as physicians who asked their patient about having sex with other men, asked about anal sex, and either asked about or recommended HIV testing at the most recent visit.Results: Among the 503 participants, 35.0% (176/503) saw an MSM-competent physician. In multivariate analyses, respondents who saw an MSM-competent physician were more likely to be younger (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-0.94), have a primary care physician (AOR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.85-5.67), and be living with HIV (AOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.13-3.56). 61.2% (308/503) of MSM had ever experienced health care discrimination.Conclusions: Our data suggest that there is variability in the extent to which physicians are meeting the needs of MSM in China. There is an urgent need to evaluate and expand MSM-competent services in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, where scholars typically do not hold copyright to their published work, many essays they previously published are now available only from a journal publisher for a high access fee or from an out-of-print book. As twenty-first-century researchers seek overviews and coherent histories of the many fields of literary and cultural studies that emerged over the last three decades, how can older generations of scholars, who worked primarily in print venues, put previously published work into digitally accessible formats that will keep it in current conversations? And why might new scholars want to? The author describes a new mode of republishing one's past essays in open access online, as illustrated by her and her co-author's experience. They learned the nuts and bolts, and also discovered some pitfalls, of open access republishing, including obtaining permissions from corporate publishers, correcting PDF-to-Word conversions, identifying design elements helpful for online use, and marketing their own book. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Currently, the capacity to provide buprenorphine treatment (BT) is not sufficient to treat the growing number of people in the United States with opioid use disorder (OUD). We sought to examine participant retention in care rates of primary care delivered BT programs and to describe factors associated with retention/attrition for participants receiving BT in this setting. Objectives: A PRISMA-guided search of various databases was performed to identify the articles focusing on efficacy of BT treatment and OUD. Method: A systematic literature search identified 15 studies examining retention in care in the primary care setting between 2002 and 2020. Random effects meta-regression were used to identify retention rates across studies. Results: Retention rates decreased across time with a mean 0.52 rate at one year. Several factors were found to be related to retention, including: race, use of other drugs, receipt of counseling, and previous treatment with buprenorphine. Conclusions: While we only investigate BT through primary care, our findings indicate retention rates are equivalent to the rates reported in the specialty care literature. More work is needed to examine factors that may impact primary care delivered BT specifically and differentiate participants that may benefit from care delivered in specialty over primary care as well as the converse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an obituary for James Olney, one of the pioneering writers of autobiography.

The discovery of leptin in the 1990s led to a reconsideration of adipose tissue (AT) as not only a fatty acid storage organ, but also a proper endocrine tissue. AT is indeed capable of secreting bioactive molecules called adipokines for white AT or batokines for brown/beige AT, which allow communication with numerous organs, especially brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and/or the vascular system. Adipokines exert pro or anti-inflammatory activities. An equilibrated balance between these two sets ensures homeostasis of numerous tissues and organs. During the development of obesity, AT remodelling leads to an alteration of its endocrine activity, with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines relative to the anti-inflammatory ones, as shown in the graphical abstract. Pro-inflammatory adipokines take part in the initiation of local and systemic inflammation during obesity and contribute to comorbidities associated to obesity, as detailed in the present review. [Display omitted] • Adipokines or batokines are bio-active compounds secreted by WAT or BAT, respectively. • Obesity can induce BAT whitening, while cold-exposure can lead to WAT brownisation • During Obesity WAT remodelling leads to infiltration of proinflammatory immune cells. • Like BAT, Beige AT limits weight gain, hyperlipidaemia and improves glucose tolerance. • AT secretome links obesity to insulin-resistance,dysmetabolism, inflammation,cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented which discusses the truthfulness in the first person narratives of witnesses associated with human rights advocacy. The article discusses the books including "Brûlée Vive/Burned Alive: A Victim of the Law of Men," by Souad and Marie-Thérese Cuny, "A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier," by Ishmael Beah and "Playing with Fire: Feminist Thought and Activism Through Seven Lives in India," by the Sangtin Writers and Richa Nagar.

Apixaban (Eliquis™), an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, is being developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer as a therapy for the prevention and/or treatment of thrombotic disorders. Apixaban has been approved in the EU for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after hip or knee replacement. A rolling submission for approval of apixaban for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation has also been initiated in the US. Worldwide phase III development of apixaban is underway for the prevention and treatment of VTE, and prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Development for acute coronary syndromes has been stopped following the discontinuation of the phase III APPRAISE-II trial. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of apixaban leading to this first approval for the prevention of VTE after hip or knee replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses transculturation in 20th century California. Transculturation is seen as the contact point between a settler culture maintained by the government and the Native people. It states that indigenous people can be skilled transculturators who are able to weave diverse languages and cultures or connect hybrid identities.

A literary criticism of the book "Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic," by Alison Bechdel. It illustrates a provocative exploration of sexuality, gendered relations in the American family and erotic truth. It also enacts and reflects on processes of autobiographical storytelling and explore the differences of autographic inscription in the art of cartooning.

Presents authors memoirs on various events that took place in his life. Opinion of the author on the feedback he got from his book 'The Intimate Empire'; Author's visit to Mexico City, Mexico; His experiences while writing a memoir for a publication.

Presents the author's postscript to her artwork titled 'Life? or Theatre?' History of the Grunwalds, the author's maternal family; Experience as a German Jew living in exile on the Cote d'Azur of France; Experience during and after the making of the artwork; Author's life with her abusive grandfather.

Examines works that exemplify controversies about autobiography. Tracey Emin's installation at the London, England-based Tate Gallery; Information on Dave Eggers' memoir entitled 'A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius: Based on a True Story'; Questions about the uses of the autobiography raised after the examination of the works.

Reviews the essay `De Tilene au Plateau,' which looks at the boundaries between autobiography and ethnography. Analysis of the ambiguities of the female autobiographer/novelist/essayist's subject position.

The article presents an obituary for Ousmane Sembene, an African author and motion picture director.