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Solar seawater evaporation is a sustainable seawater desalination technology. However, how to convert low‐cost waste general plastics into highly efficient photothermal materials remains a challenge. By using the idea of "near‐infrared laser‐induced carbonization" at room temperature and in air atmosphere, polystyrene (PS) can be easily converted into graphene. Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) catalyst is proven to efficiently convert laser energy into thermal energy and transmit it to the surrounding PS matrix, promoting carbonization. On this basis, by adjusting the catalyst content and the laser energy density per unit area, laser‐induced graphene (LIG) materials with high specific surface area, fast water transport, and high solar energy absorption efficiency can be obtained. Furthermore, the LIG materials are coated on the surface of natural bamboo with a capillary structure. This bilayer evaporation device has an evaporation rate of 1.51 kg m−2 h−1 and an energy conversion efficiency of 87.1% under irradiation of 1 sun. This work not only reveals the possibility of preparing high‐value‐added graphene materials from waste general‐purpose plastics, but also proves the application prospects of LIG materials in the field of solar seawater evaporation. This will provide a feasible approach for promoting the development of carbonization of waste general plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar seawater evaporation is a sustainable seawater desalination technology. However, how to convert low‐cost waste general plastics into highly efficient photothermal materials remains a challenge. By using the idea of "near‐infrared laser‐induced carbonization" at room temperature and in air atmosphere, polystyrene (PS) can be easily converted into graphene. Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) catalyst is proven to efficiently convert laser energy into thermal energy and transmit it to the surrounding PS matrix, promoting carbonization. On this basis, by adjusting the catalyst content and the laser energy density per unit area, laser‐induced graphene (LIG) materials with high specific surface area, fast water transport, and high solar energy absorption efficiency can be obtained. Furthermore, the LIG materials are coated on the surface of natural bamboo with a capillary structure. This bilayer evaporation device has an evaporation rate of 1.51 kg m−2 h−1 and an energy conversion efficiency of 87.1% under irradiation of 1 sun. This work not only reveals the possibility of preparing high‐value‐added graphene materials from waste general‐purpose plastics, but also proves the application prospects of LIG materials in the field of solar seawater evaporation. This will provide a feasible approach for promoting the development of carbonization of waste general plastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders significantly impact the job performance and quality of life of nursing personnel in China, necessitating an understanding of their prevalence and risk factors to enhance occupational health and improve medical safety. To systematically evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among clinical nurses in China. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis. A computerized search was conducted on databases, including the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Weipu Database, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, covering studies from inception to February 28, 2024, addressing the risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among clinical nursing professionals in China. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 14 software. The analysis included 23 articles, involving a total of 21,042 cases, and revealed a prevalence rate of 79 % (95 % CI: 73 %–84 %) for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among clinical nursing staff in China. Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders was highest among those with length of service > 15 years, at 87 %; the 31–40 age group had a higher prevalence than other age groups, at 85 %; female nurses exhibited a prevalence rate of 80 %, surpassing male nurses at 77 %, while surgical nurses had a higher prevalence rate (83 %) than those in other departments. The most affected body parts were the neck (58 %), waist (57 %), shoulders (49 %), and back (35 %). Identified risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders among clinical nurses in China included age > 35 years (OR = 1.69, 95 % CI: 1.16–2.45), length of service ≥ 10 years (OR = 3.30, 95 % CI: 1.84–5.92), marital status (married) (OR = 2.19, 95 % CI: 1.91–2.50), heavy workload (OR = 2.46, 95 % CI: 1.25–4.83), weekly work hours > 40 h (OR = 1.50, 95 % CI: 1.34–1.67), daily work hours > 8 h (OR = 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.32–2.21), strong sense of work fatigue (OR = 1.47, 95 % CI: 1.22–1.76), and high night shift frequency (OR = 1.81, 95 % CI: 1.62–2.02). Regular physical exercise was found to be a protective factor (OR = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.56–0.82). The overall prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among clinical nursing staff in China was 79 %. Age > 35 years, length of service ≥ 10 years, marital status (married), heavy workload, weekly work hours > 40 h, daily work hours > 8 h, strong sense of work fatigue, and night shift frequency were identified as risk factors. Nursing administrators and staff can take proactive measures against the aforementioned factors to reduce the risk of illness and ensure the safety of medical care. PROSPERO: CRD42023479433. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study employs a simple laser-induced carbonization strategy to convert commercial polypropylene and bamboo into an efficient bilayer evaporator. [Display omitted] • A mechanism for the laser-induced carbonization of polypropylene has been proposed. • Highly controllable laser-induced carbonized material (LIC) has been achieved. • The bamboo/LIC double-layer solar evaporator exhibits excellent performance. Solar water evaporation technology is of great significance in alleviating the problem of clean water shortage. However, interface evaporation materials are crucial for solar evaporator and are hindered by high costs, complex processes, and environmental issues. In this work, a simple, fast, and environmentally friendly laser-induced carbonization strategy was used to convert commercial polypropylene into porous carbon materials in a one-step process, and assembled with natural bamboo to form an efficient dual-layer evaporator. The residual carbon nanotubes catalyst in the carbonized products further enhance its evaporation performance. The water evaporation rate of the evaporator under one sun is 1.93 kg·m−2·h−1. In addition, the evaporator has an evaporation rate of 1.62 to 1.85 kg·m−2·h−1 for wastewater containing methylene blue, carmine, CuCl 2 and FeCl 3. This strategy not only overcomes the limitations of traditional polymer carbonization methods but also allows for size adjustment based on the quantity of bamboo, and has been successfully applied to wastewater evaporation experiments under cold outdoor weather conditions. The proposed strategy not only elucidates the carbonization mechanism of polymers under laser irradiation, but also provides a new approach for the field of solar water evaporation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancements and developments in China's tourism industry, various autonomous forms of tourism have been gaining prominence. As such, to facilitate tourists and provide them with maximum experience while economizing on time and cost is essential. One approach toward achieving this is the optimization of tourism routes. However, so far the studies on this approach have focused primarily on inland tourist sites and have lacked a geographic perspective. Therefore, this study undertook the tourism resource data of Lushunkou District of 2020, used the ArcGIS accessibility evaluation model to analyze tourism resources, and finally used the Vehicle Routing Problem of network analysis technology to optimize the tourism route of Lushunkou District and obtain the general overall intellectual framework and technical methods for tourism route optimization. The results showed that the ArcGIS accessibility evaluation model could be used to integrate resources in the tourism area before using the Vehicle Routing Problem to optimize the analysis of tourism routes, thereby enabling the separation of different types of tourism. These divisions were based on the Vehicle Routing Problem to optimize routes for one-day and two-day tours. A new method and model for optimization for tourism routes was constructed to provide a basis and reference for the optimization of tourism routes in similar cities. The observations and results of the present study can facilitate the government in developing the tourism industry and maximizing the benefits obtained from them. Further, travel agencies and tourists will have the provision of designing optimum tourism routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study will provide an effective strategy for removing VOCs from the air, while achieving low-cost adsorbents and effective utilization of excess polypropylene masks. [Display omitted] • Porous graphene oxide coating on polypropylene mask is realized via laser irradiation. • The textile exhibits ultrahigh VOCs adsorption performance. • A mechanism for rapid adsorption of VOCs is proposed. As the global epidemic eases today (2023), the high economic and environmental costs brought about by excessive production of masks are further disrupting global society. This study explores a unique approach to endow common commercial surgical masks with efficient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) adsorption properties as well as recyclability. A near-infrared laser irradiation method was developed for the formation of laser-induced porous graphene oxide coating on polypropylene masks. Graphene oxide coating can absorb laser energy and "explode", thus realizing the transition from smooth coating to porous coating. This mask with porous graphene oxide coating can be directly used as an excellent VOCs filter material. The laser irradiation process in the air environment endows the porous coating with rich oxygen-containing groups, which makes the mask highly hydrophilic and breathable. In addition, the excellent absorbance of graphene oxide coating enables it to rapidly heat up under solar, allowing the mask to be desorbed and reused. Compared to traditional powder spraying methods, the coating of porous graphene oxide is more stable as a whole. This method can not only solve the problem of excess masks after the epidemic, but also provide a new idea for wearable protective textiles for VOCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medicago ruthenica, a wild and perennial legume forage widely distributed in semi-arid grasslands, is distinguished by its outstanding tolerance to environmental stress. It is a close relative of commonly cultivated forage of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The high tolerance of M. ruthenica to environmental stress makes this species a valuable genetic resource for understanding and improving traits associated with tolerance to harsh environments. Results: We sequenced and assembled genome of M. ruthenica using an integrated approach, including PacBio, Illumina, 10×Genomics, and Hi-C. The assembled genome was 904.13 Mb with scaffold N50 of 99.39 Mb, and 50,162 protein-coding genes were annotated. Comparative genomics and transcriptomic analyses were used to elucidate mechanisms underlying its tolerance to environmental stress. The expanded FHY3/FAR1 family was identified to be involved in tolerance of M. ruthenica to drought stress. Many genes involved in tolerance to abiotic stress were retained in M. ruthenica compared to other cultivated Medicago species. Hundreds of candidate genes associated with drought tolerance were identified by analyzing variations in single nucleotide polymorphism using accessions of M. ruthenica with varying tolerance to drought. Transcriptomic data demonstrated the involvements of genes related to transcriptional regulation, stress response, and metabolic regulation in tolerance of M. ruthenica. Conclusions: We present a high-quality genome assembly and identification of drought-related genes in the wild species of M. ruthenica, providing a valuable resource for genomic studies on perennial legume forages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the widespread use of nanoparticles has been reported in various fields, the toxic mechanisms of molecular regulation involved in the alfalfa treated by nanomaterials is still in the preliminary research stage. In this study, Bara 310 SC (Bara, tolerant genotype) and Gold Empress (Gold, susceptible genotype) were used to investigate how the leaves of alfalfa interpret the physiological responses to graphene stress based on metabolome and transcriptome characterizations. Herein, graphene at different concentrations (0, 1% and 2%, w/w) were selected as the analytes. Physiological results showed antioxidant defence system and photosynthesis was significantly disturbed under high environmental concentration of graphene. With Ultra high performance liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS), 406 metabolites were detected and 62/13 and 110/58 metabolites significantly changed in the leaves of Gold/Bara under the 1% and 2%-graphene treatments (w/w), respectively. The most important metabolites which were accumulated under graphene stress includes amino acids, flavonoids, organic acids and sugars. Transcriptomic analysis reveals 1125 of core graphene-responsive genes in alfalfa that was robustly differently expressed in both genotypes. And differential expression genes (DEGs) potentially related to photosynthetic enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, amino acids metabolism, and sucrose and starch metabolic which finding was supported by the metabolome study. Gold was more disturbed by graphene stress at both transcriptional and metabolic levels, since more stress-responsive genes/metabolites were identified in Gold. A comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data highlights the important role of amino acid metabolism and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism pathways for graphene tolerance in alfalfa. Our study provide necessary information for better understanding the phytotoxicity molecular mechanism underlying nanomaterials tolerance of plant. [Display omitted] • Data on the phytotoxicity of graphene to alfalfa in soil were provided. • Integrating omics results revealed molecular mechanisms underlying plant response. • Results provide accurately characterize the risk of these materials in the environment. • These findings help to find sustainable nano-enabled plant protection strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]