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Deep brain stimulation is an important therapy for Parkinson's disease patients. However, the current deep brain stimulator is open loop and cannot automatically adapt the stimulation according to the patient's condition. In this reported study a real-time wake/sleep identification device has been developed to wirelessly control the stimulation according to the patient's wake/sleep states. The wake/sleep identification was based on the wrist movement, and the identified result was transmitted wirelessly to the implantable pulse generator. This device showed a reliable radio frequency communication within 2 m and a low level of current consumption. This device also showed a good performance of real-time wake/sleep identification on Parkinson's disease patients. This study provides a promising application in the closed-loop deep brain stimulation, as well as other applications in medical services, such as night care, and fall alarm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon nanomaterials in the form of paper sheets have been used as platforms to achieve multifunctionality. Combined with electrochemical deposition, room temperature synthesis of magnetic Ni coatings on individual carbon nanofibers (CNF) and/or carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been realized through solution penetration and ion diffusion. In addition to significant electrical conductivity improvement, the magnetic responses of the Ni coated carbon nanopaper sheets can be tuned within large ranges in terms of saturation magnetic field, remnant magnetization and coercivity. After being re-suspended in liquids, the magnetized CNFs/CNTs can be aligned with small external magnetic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]