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Unlike the principal Coptic dialects Sahidic and Bohairic, in which the two verbs for "to sit" and "to stand" possess just a single form each, the Southern Coptic dialects (Akhmimic, Lycopolitan, dialect P) have preserved a formal distinction between the infinitive and the stative in both verbs. This information remains hidden in a few text editions, is not widely known and not reflected in current handbooks. The present paper traces the original morphological distinction for both verbs in the major textual witnesses of the South, as well as the progressive morphological collapse that lead to the uniform shapes of these verbs in the dominant dialects. Finally, an etymology is suggested for the puzzling Sahidic standard form ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ "to sit". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study deals with the typological description of the development of verbal system from latin to spanish. The emphasis is on the description of the evolution of selected verbal forms, with regard to the linguistic typology of Vladimír Skalička, and also on the subsequent evaulation of the typological movement of the analysed forms and verbal system. The study works with the method of the linguistic typology from diacronic aspect and refers to the importance of latin for the study of romance languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several verbal forms reconstructed for proto-Semitic strongly resemble reconstructed forms in proto-Berber: compare Semitic yV-PaRRaS to Berber y-əFăRRăS, Semitic yV-PRaS to Berber y-əFRăS, and Semitic yV-PRuS and yV-PRiS to Berber y-ăFRəS. We suggest that these forms are historically related and sketch a line of development from the reconstructed meanings to their attested uses. yVPaRRaS, originally imperfective, retains that value in both Berber and Semitic. yVPRas, originally stative, gained a perfective meaning in Berber and Semitic; the stative meaning is retained in Berber, but was largely lost in Semitic. yVPRus/yVPRiS, originally perfective, retained that meaning in Semitic, merging with the newly perfective yVPRas forms; in Berber, yVPRaS completely replaced perfective yVPRuS/yVPRiS, relegating the latter to non-aspectual uses. We conclude by considering the quality of the first vowel; the alternation seen in Berber y-əFRăS and y-ăFRəS supports reconstructions as yiPRaS and yaPRuS/yaPRiS, conforming to the Barth–Ginsberg Law of Semitic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The translation and the publication of the acts of Kuvendi i Arbwnit in 1706 in Albanian is an important event not only in the history of written Albanian, but also in the history of Catholic Church. Being a translated text from Latin it would be interesting to compare Albanian verbal system to Latin verbal system. It is known that these two languages have got a well- developed verbal system, rich in grammatical categories, such as moods, tenses, number, conjugation etc. Our aim is to observe these two systems to point out differences and similarities between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The translation and the publication of the acts of Kuvendi i Arbwnit in 1706 in Albanian is an important event not only in the history of written Albanian, but also in the history of Catholic Church. Being a translated text from Latin it would be interesting to compare Albanian verbal system to Latin verbal system. It is known that these two languages have got a well- developed verbal system, rich in grammatical categories, such as moods, tenses, number, conjugation etc. Our aim is to observe these two systems to point out differences and similarities between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we describe the combinatorial of supplements constructed with the preposition with, as opposed to attachments of company. The syntactic behavior of characterized units is determined from the functionalist approach of Alarcos (1999), specifically based on his proposal on sentence functions. The analysis of these structures is carried out in records of Venezuelan speakers. For this purpose, we follow the method proposed by Hjelmslev (1976), who recommends to proceed from dependency relationships established between the different units that make up the sequence under study, and also between parts of each of them. Such a revision makes it possible to specify that the contrasted sentence functions can be differentiated by: 1) the degree of direction, 2) the category of the nucleus of the compliment and 3) the relationship of equality between its parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: When words are repeated at short and long lags, and subjects are required to recall them, the probability of recall increases as the distance between the repetitions increases. This spacing effect is assumed to relate to the way in which a word is identified in short-term memory. In the present study, words were repeated interlingually (between-language repetition), were repeated in the same language but in the different scripts (within-language repetition), and were repeated identically (identical repetition) to examine what differences of the repeated words affected the spacing effect. The results showed that the spacing effect was found in all the repetitions, and the proportion of recall in the between-language repetition was higher than that in the other repetitions at short and long lags. The independence and interdependence of each verbal system of two languages were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]