Search

The II Symposium of the Academic League of Women's Health and Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy at the Federal University of Uberlândia took place in March 2024 and had the participation of 90 registered attendees. The event offered workshops, lectures, and roundtable discussions on physiotherapy in the area of women's health and pelvic floor, as well as the presentation of 25 academic papers. One of the studies investigated the presence of urinary incontinence in women who practice Beach Tennis and identified associated characteristics. Other studies addressed topics such as pelvic floor disorders during pregnancy, genital prolapse in Brazilian runners, and the effects of hypopressive exercises in postpartum women with diastasis recti. Additionally, the role of physical exercise in the prevention of preeclampsia and other cardiovascular diseases in the postpartum period was discussed, as well as the relationship between cycling practice and sexual dysfunction in women. The use of EPI-NO and perineal massage in the prevention of perineal trauma during normal delivery, as well as sleep problems in women with obstructive sleep apnea, even with a high level of physical activity, were also addressed. [Extracted from the article]

The number of older individuals (> 60 years) treated in orthodontic dental practice is constantly growing, and osteoporosis is a common disease within this age range. Orthodontic treatment for this group tends to be challenging, often requiring the use of mini-implants. Mini-implants are important accessories in orthodontic treatment that provide solutions to complex cases. Despite the high level of success, these devices are prone to failure if insufficient bone stability is achieved. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation on bone neoformation around mini-implants using fluorescence analysis in ovariectomized rats. A total of 12 female rats (Wistar) were ovariectomized and divided into three groups: two groups of low-level laser therapy irradiation in two different protocols, as follows: in the PBM1 group, applications were performed using 2 J, for 20 s each for 48 h, 6 irradiations in total, and in the PBM2 group, a single application of 4 J was performed for 40 s, and the third group represented the control group, and no laser therapy was applied. Each rat received two mini-implants placed immediately behind the upper incisors, and 0 g of force was applied using a NiTi spring. All rats received two bone markers, tetracycline (days 0-4) and alizarin (days 7-10), for 5 days each. Both markers were bound to calcium, allowing visualization of bone neoformation through fluorescence microscopy. After 12 days, euthanasia was performed; the results revealed that both irradiated groups showed significantly greater bone neoformation compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Mini-implant stability was measured in all animals using the Periotest device on day 0 and on the day of euthanasia. A significant increase in stability was observed in the group that received more laser application (p < 0.05). Photobiomodulation had a positive effect on bone neoformation around mini-implants in ovariectomized rats, with an increase in stability when more irradiation was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: It is known that the basal sound promotes shortening and adduction of the vocal folds and leaves themucosa looser. However there are few studies that address the supralaryngeal physiological findings obtained using the technique. Objective: To check the effectiveness of using vocal fry on the voice and velopharingeal port closure of five adult subjects, whose cleft palate has been corrected with surgery. Methods: Case study with five subjects who underwent otolaryngology examination by means of nasopharyngoscopy for imaging and measurement of the region of velopharyngeal port closure before and after using the vocal fry technique for three minutes. During the exam, the subjects sustained the isolated vowel /a:/ in their usual pitch and loudness. The emission of the vowel /a:/ was also used for perceptual analysis and spectrographic evaluation of their voices. Results: Four subjects had an improvement in the region of velopharyngeal port closure; the results of the spectrographic evaluation were indicative of decreased hypernasality, and the results of the auditory-perceptual analysis suggested improved overall vocal quality, adequacy of loudness, decreased hypernasality, improvement of type of voice and decreased hoarseness. Conclusion: This study showed a positive effect of vocal fry on voice and greater velopharyngeal port closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The allelic frequency distributions and statistical forensic parameters of 26 mini short tandem repeat (mini-STR) loci in a sample of 1575 unrelated individuals from five different Brazilian regions were obtained. All the analyzed loci showed great diversity and were highly informative. The results were compared with those of the US Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic population studies. This study aimed to contribute to forensic analysis for human identification and inference of the evidential value in familial bond tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: It has been suggested that activities of daily living could contribute to the occurrence of ACL injury in females. Currently, no studies have focused on the lower extremity behavior of a non-athletic population to compare or understand the lower extremity adeptness towards daily movements that mimic athletic tasks. Our hypothesis was that increased knee valgus angles would occur during the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle accompanied by different onset timing of the gluteus medius muscle. In a controlled laboratory study, 23 non-athletic collegiate females participated and 15 subjects comprised the final sample for statistical analysis. Subjects performed a single leg drop landing maneuver while 3-D knee kinematics and gluteus medius muscle onset timing were assessed throughout three distinct phases of the menstrual cycle, confirmed by blood hormone analysis. In general, knee valgus angles were significantly less in the luteal phase compared to both follicular phases (p <0.005), while differences were not observed for gluteus medius onset timing (p =0.936). As a decreased knee joint valgus angle was observed during the luteal phase, it was hypothesized that the hormone progesterone could significantly influence knee kinematics during a dynamic task. However, such influence was not observed for gluteus medius EMG onset timing as a significant correlation between gluteus medius onset timing and knee valgus angle could not be determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The work of speech-language pathologists uses exercises such as the vocal fry (VF), which originates from the great contractile activity of the intrinsic laryngeal thyroarytenoid muscle (TA). The aim of this study was to review the literature related to TA and VF. A literature review of the last 20 years on the subject was performed in the databases LILACS, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar. It was found that the internal beam of the TA has slow twitch fibers, isotonic, resistant to fatigue; the external beam provides fast twitch, fatigable and isometric fibers. The VF is characterized by the perception of the vibration of the glottal pulses during the emission of the lowest frequencies in the vocal range (crackling in bass or vocal fry), mainly by the action of the TA, especially its inner portion, which shows evident shortening, dropping the mucosa in great volume along the free edge, increasing subglottic pressure and jitter, shimmer and noise levels, and reducing the airflow. Based on the literature, the isometric exercise with the external TA happens with VF sustained in the lowest possible frequency to the subject (maximum contraction), for six seconds, five to ten times daily, consistent with its predominance of fast twitch fibers. In the isotonic exercise with the internal TA, high sounds must be to stretch the muscle, alternating emissions by VF (concentric contraction) and in modal register and falsetto head (high-pitched sounds) (eccentric contraction) with several daily series of eight to 12 repetitions, consistent with the predominance of slow twitch fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of laboratory experiments in the formation of physicians is well recognized since they facilitate scientific development and enhance technical skills. Dermal filling procedures are performed for the correction of wrinkles, rhytids, scars, and lipodystrophy. Till date, experimental models for the training of dermal filling techniques have not been studied. To demonstrate an experimental laboratory model for the training of dermal filling techniques in an animal model. The heads of pigs were used for this purpose, together with Carbopol gel at different densities, which was used to simulate the fillers available in the market. Needles and specific cannulas were used to apply the fillers into the creases and other areas of the pig skin. The pig head appears to be a suitable model for this training. Carbopol gel is a good choice for simulating fillers. This model of laboratory experiment requires a minimum of infrastructure; it is a low-cost alternative and facilitates practical training in the application of dermal fillers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pregnant women were considered risk population of serious infections by Sars-Cov-2, which caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The gestational period besides being marked by immunocompromise that facilitates contagion by viral infections, is also marked by physiological adaptations resulting from pregnancy that can favor dysfunctions related to pelvic floor muscles. The aim of the study was to analyze the discomfort related to the pelvic floor of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cross-sectional observational study, performed remotely. The pregnant women answered an online, anonymous and self-administered questionnaire that contained sociodemographic questions and questions taken from the Pelvic Floor Discomfort Questionnaire (PFBQ). The normality of the data was tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and for the correlation between gestational age and the age of the participants, the Spearman Correlation Coefficient was used. A significance level of p <0.05 was considered. 277 participants were included. The results obtained show that the total score was low in the PFBQ (9.97 (6.31)), which indicates low discomfort related to the pelvic floor. No associations were found between the total score of the PFBQ questionnaire with gestational age (1st, 2nd or 3rd gestational trimester) (p = 0.08) or with the age of the participants included in the sample (p = 0.51). The pregnant women in the present study did not present any relevant complaints related to the pelvic floor during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is believed that more studies are needed to analyze the effects of the pandemic on the health of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to analyze the epidemiology of Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (VCL) in the municipality of Itaporanga-PB between the years 2015 and 2016. 180 records of notification and investigation of suspected dogs deposited at the Municipal Health Department were retrieved, where the variables were analyzed using the absolute number and relative frequency, applying the chi-square test. The seroprevalence corresponded to 13,3% when associated to two diagnostic methodologies: rapid immunochromatographic test (TR DPP®) and ELISA (EI LCV). Of the 24 seropositive dogs, male (70,8%), undecided (79,2%), urban area (70,8%) and age greater than two years (70,8%) prevailed. The analysis of the clinical signs revealed statistical significance and presence of risk between alopecia (p= 0,001; OR= 7,474; PR= 4,237) and multiple wounds (p= 0,000; OR= 7,667; PR= 4,529) with seropositivity. Seroprevalence in Itaporanga-PB was compared to other municipalities in Paraíba, Northeast and Brazil, and the other variables and risk factors were discussed with the literature. Due to the epidemiological situation of the city, the continuation of canine serological surveys in subsequent years and the application of other prophylactic measures for parasitosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rabies is a zoonotic infection that attacks the central nervous system, being caused by a virus of RNA belonging to the Lyssavirus genus. The present study aimed to gather information about the importance of rabies virus (VR) control, correlating with its geographical distribution, biological cycle, pathogenesis and prophylactic measures. This is a review study in which the databases Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo, Science Direct, thesis and dissertation bank of public universities and the national and international health committees were used. We analyzed 105 materials, of which 52 were included in this study, those that did not have relevant aspects about the proposed theme, were excluded. Rabies has a worldwide distribution, where its mortality reaches almost 100%. Therefore, permanent surveillance of the different components of the RV transmission chain is essential, in addition vaccination of domestic animals (dogs and cats) and post-exposure prophylaxis should be well performed to promote better prevention against this virus and to prevent possible development of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advanced high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma is a serious malignant neoplasm with a late diagnosis and high mortality rate. Even when treated with standard therapy, such as surgery followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy, the prognosis remains unfavorable. Immunotherapy is a treatment alternative that requires further study. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the expression of PD-1, PD-L1, CD8, MSI (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2), and p53 in the paraffin samples of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. A retrospective study of 28 southern Brazilian patients with advanced serous ovarian carcinoma (EC III or IV) was conducted between 2009 and 2020. The expression of these proteins was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the results were correlated with the patients' clinicopathological data. At diagnosis, the mean age was 61 years, and the most common clinical stage (60%) was EC III. Among the cases, 84.6% exhibited p53 overexpression, 14.8% had MSI, 92.0% were sensitive to platinum, and more than 50.0% relapsed after treatment. Patients with MSI had a lower CD8/PD-1 ratio and more relapses (p = 0.03). In conclusion, analysis of immunotherapeutic markers in paraffin-embedded advanced serous ovarian carcinoma samples is feasible and may assist in prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In epilepsy, the most common serious neurological disorder worldwide, several investigations in both humans and animals have shown the effectiveness of physical exercise programs as a complementary therapy. Among the benefits demonstrated, regular exercise can decrease the number of seizures as well as improve cardiovascular and psychological health in people with epilepsy. While many studies in animals have been performed to show the beneficial effects of exercise, they exclusively used male animals. However, females are also worthy of investigation because of their cyclical hormonal fluctuations and possible pregnancy. Considering the few animal studies concerning seizure susceptibility and exercise programs in females, this study aimed to verify whether exercise programs can interfere with seizure susceptibility induced by pilocarpine in adult female Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into three groups: control, forced, and voluntary (animals kept in a cage with a wheel). After the final exercise session, animals received a pilocarpine hydrochloride (350 mg/kg i.p.; Sigma) injection to induce seizures. To measure the intensity of pilocarpine-induced motor signs, we used a scale similar to that developed by Racine (1972) in the kindling model. During a 4-h period of observation, we recorded latency for first motor signs, latency for reaching SE, number of animals that developed SE, and intensity of pilocarpine-induced motor signs. No difference was observed among groups in latency for first motor signs and in the number of animals that developed SE. Although the voluntary group presented more intense motor signs, an increased latency for developing SE was observed compared with that in forced and control groups. Our behavioral results are not enough to explain physiological and molecular pathways, but there are mechanisms described in literature which may allow us to propose possible explanations. Voluntary exercise increased latency to SE development. Further investigation is necessary to elucidate the pathways involved in these results, while more studies should be performed regarding gender specific differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac disorder associated with a specific electrocardiographic pattern, involving ST segment elevation in leads V1 to V3. When not spontaneously terminated, it can lead to ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. We present a case report of a young male whose brother suffered a sudden cardiac arrest while playing soccer. A novel mutation c.2678G>A was detected on the gene SCN5A through molecular diagnosis. The mutation was shown to be present in the individual, his daughter and his other brother. For patients with previous ventricular fibrillation and/or syncope, implantable cardiac device (ICD) is recommended. However, how can patients without symptoms but with a clear diagnosis prevent cardiac arrest? [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare (1) the effects of the instrument-assisted perineal stretching technique with different application protocols in combination with perineal massage and (2) the effects of the isolated techniques on the extensibility and strength of the pelvic floor muscles (PFMs). Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial with parallel randomization, assessor blinding, and concealed allocation was conducted in the Campus Physical Education at the Federal University of Uberlândia in Brazil. Ninety-six pregnant women (18–40 years of age) were allocated into 4 groups: perineal massage (PnM) group (PnM protocol for 10 minutes); instrument-assisted perineal stretching with a long static protocol for 15 minutes [IStrLS group]); PnM + IStrLS group (both techniques applied in the 2 previous groups); and PnM + IStrSR group (the same techniques as used in the PnM + IStrLS group but with a short repeated protocol; 4 sets lasting 30 seconds each). Eight interventions were performed in all 4 groups twice weekly (beginning at the 34th gestational week). The primary outcome was PFM extensibility, assessed using vaginal dilator circumference, and the secondary outcome was PFM strength, assessed using vaginal manometry. Results: For the PFM extensibility variable, a significant main effect of time (F2,88 = 87.951) and group (F3,88 = 7.193) was found. Tukey post hoc test results showed that the PnM + IStrSR group presented greater extensibility than the PnM and IStrLS groups. The PnM group showed increased PFM strength after 8 sessions compared with the other groups. Conclusions: Women who were pregnant and received the combination of perineal massage and instrument-assisted perineal stretching with short repeated application had a greater increase in PFM extensibility than perineal massage and instrument-assisted perineal stretching alone. Impact: The combination of perineal massage and instrument-assisted perineal stretching techniques with a short, repeated protocol led to better PFM extensibility results than the application of the techniques alone in women who were pregnant. Lay summary: Pregnant women can benefit from intervention using the combination of perineal massage and instrument-assisted perineal stretching techniques with a short, repeated protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: to describe the vocal acoustic characteristics of emission in vocal fry of male adult patients, with surgically repaired post-foramen cleft. Methods: study of cases involving four male subjects with surgically repaired post-foramen cleft. Acoustic analysis concerning sustained emission of vowel [a] was accomplished in modal register and vocal fry, through the programs Multi Dimensional Voice Program (glottic source analysis) and Real-Time Spectrogram (spectrographic analysis), both by Kay Elemetrics Corp. Results: through the vocal fry spectrography analysis we perceived: decrease of definition, intensity and definition band spectrography in some formants, decrease of intensity as for the entire spectrum, and a slight decrease of noise in high frequencies; damping effect showed slight increase. Through the glottic source analysis in vocal fry, we perceived: fundamental frequency in the modal speech register zone and it was higher when compared to the emission for comparison in the modal register; large increase in the measures that show variation of frequency and amplitude; most of the jitter and shimmer measures were significantly increased; increased measures of noise, voice break, unvoiced segment and vocal tremor; and soft phonation index (SPI) significantly decreased. Conclusions: the findings evidence the high instability and the emission noise in fry register, as well as its weak intensity and diminished transglottic air flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of environmental studies depends on the utilization of adequate sampling protocol and analytical method for obtaining reliable results and minimizing analytical uncertainties. In order to demonstrate the applicability of INAA for determining chemical element composition of invertebrates, this work evaluated sample representativeness in terms of subsampling and sample size. Br, Co, Fe, K, Na, Sc and Zn could be determined in very small samples despite increasing of analytical uncertainties. Special attention should be directed to invertebrate species with small structures because of the high chemical variation observed among different sample sizes tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Labor, although natural and physiological, is a period that can be marked by stress, pain, anxiety, suffering, fear, and anguish for a woman. Thus, non-pharmacological methods that reduce pain during labor are important to allow a better experience without the use of medications. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of non-pharmacological pain relief methods, added or not to the application of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), on pain, satisfaction with the childbirth, duration of labor, and newborn conditions.Methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial, with a non-probabilistic convenience sample, composed of women in the first active stage of labor, admitted to a public institution. The parturients will be divided into 3 groups: group 1 (n = 36) composed of parturients who will have continuous support and will be encouraged to walk, adopting different positions with the use of the Swiss ball and receiving back massage for 30 min; group 2 (n = 36) composed of parturients who will also have continuous support and will be encouraged to walk, adopt different positions using the Swiss ball, and will receive the application of TENS for 30 min; and group 3 (n = 36) composed of parturients who will have continuous support and will be encouraged to walk, adopting different positions with the use of the Swiss ball, and will receive placebo TENS application for 30 min. The outcomes evaluated in the study will be pain intensity assessed by the visual analog scale of pain applied before, immediately after, and 30 min and 1 h after the interventions; Experience and Satisfaction with Childbirth Questionnaire (QESP) applied 12 to 24 h after delivery; and data regarding delivery (type of delivery, total duration of labor, and possible obstetric complications) and neonate (weight, height, possible complications, Apgar score in the first and fifth minutes).Discussion: With this research, it is expected to understand the effects of the intervention through TENS electrostimulation added to other non-pharmacological methods for pain management during labor.Trial Registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) RBR-68kh6j . Registered on March 17, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Exclusion volume increased in systems with higher molar mass polymer. • The parameters of interaction between groups can be estimated by the UNIFAC model. • The enzymatic kinetics are higher after 36 h of fermentation. • There was greater migration of enzyme to the upper phase of the partition systems. • In the systems, (NH 4) 2 SO 4 shows better amylases partition than Li 2 SO 4 or Na 2 SO 4. Equilibrium data of aqueous two-phase systems composed of polyethylene glycol (4000 g mol−1 or 6000 g mol−1) and Li 2 SO 4, (NH 4) 2 SO 4 or Na 2 SO 4 at pH 6.5 and 25 °C were obtained. The efficiency of these in the partition of amylases derived from Aspergillus niger was determined. The experimental data of binodal curves and tie lines were used to estimate the group interaction parameters using the UNIFAC model. Additionally, the influence of phases on the activity of the enzymes was investigated. The results indicate that the polymer molar mass did not influence the biphasic region size. However, the cations under study presented differences in induction to phase formation. It was verified that the systems formed with the Na+ presented a larger biphasic region. The increase in the molar mass of the polymer caused the increase in the exclusion volume from 3970.732 g mol−1 to 5700.873 g mol−1. The transfer Gibbs free energy of enzymes presented values between −1296.30 kJ mol−1 and −2867.70 kJ mol−1, that is, the process was spontaneous for all systems studied. The systems formed by (NH 4) 2 SO 4 and PEG 4000 g mol−1 presented the best K e result (3.421) and theoretical recovery of 80.35 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and hypothesis: To date, no study has investigated the correlation between pelvic floor muscle function and urinary incontinence in female runners. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between pelvic floor muscle function and to correlate urinary leakage as measured by the modified pad test with kinematic variables of running. Methods: The sample consisted of 11 incontinent and 17 continent runners. On day 1, they performed a maximum velocity test on a treadmill using an incremental protocol. Their pelvic floor muscles were evaluated using vaginal palpation and manometry, and the adapted pad test was used to evaluate the severity of urinary incontinence. Then, running kinematics were evaluated on a treadmill using a circuit camera to capture vertical displacement, knee flexion during the load response phase, and the initial contact of the foot with the ground for subsequent analysis. The pad test was performed during the kinematic evaluation. Results: The vaginal squeeze pressure of the continent group (mean = 43.40 mmHg, SD = 21.75) was higher in descriptive terms than that of the incontinent group (mean = 38.94 mmHg, SD = 31.08), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.66). There was an association between the weekly training load and urinary leakage. No associations were found between pelvic floor muscle function or urinary leakage and the kinematic variables. Conclusions: Despite the correlation between the weekly training load and the severity of urinary leakage, no relationships were found between pelvic floor muscle functioning and the kinematics of running. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study evaluated if Toxoplasma gondii infection and the drug-associated infection modifies the brain radiopharmaceutical Ethylene Cystine Diethylester Dihydrochloride (99mTc-ECD) biodistribution in mice. Materials and methods: A total of 18 mice were divided into 3 groups. Control group (C) received distilled water and 99mTc-ECD; Infected group (I) received T. gondii strain and 99mTc-ECD; Infected and Treated group (IT), in addition to infection, received association of Pyrimethamine and Sulfadiazine and 99mTc-ECD. The T. gondii strain used in this study was TgCkRrRN3. Forty minutes after administration of the 99mTc-ECD, all animals were euthanized, and blood and brain samples were isolated. The counting of the radioactivity percentage per gram of tissue (%ATI/g) was calculated, and statistical analysis was performed by t-test, with a level of significance of p <.05. Results: There was a significant increase in %ATI/g between groups C and I on brain (0.35 ± 0.02 and 0.45 ± 0.04; p =.041) and on blood (0.80 ± 0.09 and 1.14 ± 0.31; p =.049). A significant decrease in %ATI/g occurred between groups C and IT on blood (0.80 ± 0.09 and 0.54 ± 0.08; p =.001) and on brain (0.35 ± 0.02 and 0.22 ± 0.04; p =.049). Conclusions: Combined therapy of anti-Toxoplasma drugs in infected mice reduced the uptake of 99mTc-ECD, probably due to its binding to plasma proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and hypothesis: Perineal preparation techniques for childbirth have been used with the aim of reducing perineal tears during the expulsive phase of labor. However, no studies were found to investigate the effects of instrument-assisted stretching versus perineal massage on pelvic floor muscle (PFM) variables. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of instrument-assisted stretching versus perineal massage on the extensibility and strength of the PFMs. Methods: Primiparous women were randomized to the instrument-assisted stretching (IStr) group (n = 13) and perineal massage (PnM) group (n = 14). The groups participated in eight sessions, twice weekly, beginning at the 34th gestational week. The IStr group underwent the intervention for 15 min using EPI-NO®. The PnM group underwent a perineal massage protocol for 10 min. Each woman was evaluated by a blinded physiotherapist before, after four and after eight sessions for primary (PFM extensibility using the EPI-NO® circumference) and secondary (PFM strength using a manometer) outcomes. Covariate analysis (ANCOVA) was used to compare the groups using the baseline values as a covariate. Results: Both groups showed an increase in PFM extensibility compared with the evaluations before and after four and eight sessions (PnM group from 17.6 ± 1.8 to 20.2 ± 1.9 cm; IStr group from 19.9 ± 1.6 to 22.9 ± 1.6 cm;p < 0.001). There was no difference between groups. Regarding muscle strength, no statistical differences were observed between evaluations or between groups. Conclusions: Instrument-assisted stretching and perineal massage increase extensibility and do not alter the strength of PFMs in pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Detection of donor-specific antibodies (DSA) has improved the risk classification and post-transplant evaluation of kidney recipients. Moreover, assessment of DSA C1q-binding ability has been shown to improve the individual risk classification of transplant patients for allograft loss, especially when detected after transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the additional clinical impact of C1q-binding DSA detection in a population that was extensively monitored for DSA and MFI alterations. Forty-two kidney allograft recipients were followed-up at multiple time points for up to 5 years after transplantation for the presence of anti-HLA DSA-IgG total. The samples that were positive for these antibodies were retrospectively tested for the presence of complement-binding antibodies. Overall, 24 patients presented DSA, 29% (7) of which also produced complement-binding DSA. Compared to patients with non-C1q-binding DSA and non-sensitized patients, patients with C1q-binding DSA after transplantation had the lowest allograft survival rate at 5 years (p = 0.042) and showed a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula) during the post-transplant follow-up period (p = 0.01). Thus, post-transplant monitoring for complement-binding DSA is a useful tool for predicting individuals most at risk for allograft failure, and might also be beneficial for evaluation of immunosuppression regimens. Highlights • Positivity for C1q-binding DSA in pre-transplant was not a significant predictor for allograft loss. • The presence of C1q-binding DSA correlated with diminished allograft function and lower allograft survival. • Heterogeneity was evident in the pattern of appearance of C1q-positivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid-liquid equilibrium data (LLE) were obtained for aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) composed of polyethylene glycol (average molar mass of 1500 g mol −1 ), sodium citrate/citric acid and water, at different pH (4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0) and temperatures T = (303.15 and 313.15) K. The thermodynamic study of the phase equilibrium was performed. The experimental results of the LLE were correlated using the UNIversal Functional Activity Coefficient (UNIFAC) model. The salting-out effect evaluated using the model of the effective excluded volume (EEV). Partitioning of the α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) was investigated as a function of pH, temperature, and tie line length (TLL). It was observed that the temperature had no influence on the formation of the biphasic region. Increments in pH value resulted in the raising of biphasic region. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assays was performed in order to deeply understanding the intermolecular interactions involved in the α-amylase partition and the driving forces that govern this process. It was measured the Gibbs free energy transfer ( Δ tr G ), transfer enthalpy variation ( Δ tr H ) and transfer entropy variation ( Δ tr S ) during the enzyme partition, as a function of the pH, temperature and TLL. For α-amylase partition, it was verified that at pH 4.0 the enzyme had a strong tendency to transfer to the polymer-rich phase. At pH 5.0 α-amylase showed affinity for the salt-rich bottom phase, while at pH 6.0, the partition coefficient of the enzyme increased as temperature was reduced to 303.15 K. The opposite behavior was noted for α-amylase at pH 7.0. Thermodynamic analysis based on isothermal titration microcalorimetry indicated the partition of α-amylase partition in the ATPS at pH 4.0 and 7.0 and 313.15 K was accompanied by endothermic heat and was entropically driven to the upper phase. Results of yield (95.373%) parameter indicated the applicability of ATPS for amylase purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Features of colorectal cancer such as natural history, molecular, chromosomal, and epigenetic alterations have been well described. However, there is still a lack of accurate prognostic markers, which is evident by the lower overall survival rates of patients with advanced cancer. Although alterations in parkin protein expression have been described in colorectal cancer, the functional significance of this protein remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of parkin expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma development and progression by evaluating the association between its expression, clinicopathological parameters, and expression of known proteins involved in colorectal cancer. Methods: Tissue microarrays consisting of 73 tumor and 64 normal tissue samples were generated to examine parkin expression and localization by immunohistochemistry. Results: A positive correlation of parkin and APC expression was observed in the superficial, intermediate, and profound regions of all cases (ρ = 0.37; P = 0.001). Parkin expression was also significantly associated with tumors in men (P = 0.049), those of the mucinous subtype (P = 0.028), and of advanced stage (III + IV, P = 0.041). In addition, increased parkin expression was observed in the invasive front tumor region (P = 0.013). More importantly, a positive correlation was found between parkin expression and the overall survival of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (P = 0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that parkin expression was independent of any of the clinicopathological parameters evaluated in relation to patient survival. Conclusions: These results suggest that parkin expression status can be used as a potential independent prognostic marker of survival in advanced colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Rabies is a zoonotic infection transmitted by virus inoculation through saliva and secretions of infected animals. The study evaluated the conduct of the post-exposure care of human rabies, between 2006 and 2013 in Cuité-Paraíba. Method: We evaluated 184 records included in the SINAN (Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação). We used the chi-square test and calculated the prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence intervals (CI). Results: Analysis show that 53.3% of the accidents happened with females, and 39.1% were between 20 and 59 years old. Bite was the most common assault (72.3%) and 41.5% of the aggressions resulted in severe lesions. Dogs were responsible for 66.1% of the aggressions. Attacks were also committed by cats, primates and foxes. There was association between the aggressor species and sex of individuals (p=0.019). We observed a higher frequency of aggressions by dogs in men (PR=1.587, CI=1.039-2.422) and by cats in women (PR=1.415, CI = 1.080 to 1.855). There was an association between aggression by dogs in the lower limbs (p=0.008, PR=2.065, CI=1.138-3.749) and by cats on hand/foot (p=0.001, PR=2.045, CI=1.340-3.123). Most of the care (59.8%) consisted of observation + vaccine and 59.2% followed the Ministry of Health protocol. Conclusion: It is essential to improve methods for prescribing and recording of injuries treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid-liquid equilibrium data (LLE) were obtained for aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) composed of 2-propanol + inorganic salt (Na 2 SO 4 or MgSO 4 ) + water, at different temperatures T = (293.15, 303.15, 313.15 e 323.15) K. The effect of temperature on the binodal curves and tie-lines was studied. Temperature increase resulted in an expansion of the biphasic region, and this effect was more pronounced in the systems composed of 2-propanol + Na 2 SO 4 . A nonlinear equation was used to describe the binodal curves in terms of the mass fraction of 2-propanol versus sulfate salt. The effects of the different salts (Na 2 SO 4 or MgSO 4 ) on the phase-separation abilities of the studied ATPS was discussed using the values of parameters in the effective excluded volume (EEV) model. The salting-out abilities of the investigated salts followed the order Na 2 SO 4 >MgSO 4 . The experimental results of LLE were correlated using the UNIFAC model. Calculated RMS deviations between the experimental and predicted LLE compositions for the 2-propanol + Na 2 SO 4 and 2-propanol + MgSO 4 systems were 1.76 and 0.68%, respectively. The UNIFAC model was able to effectively represent the studied biphasic aqueous systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study water solubility curves were constructed and calorimetric measurements obtained for reverse micellar systems consisting of an alcohol (isopropanol or butanol), surfactant (AOT) and organic solvent (isooctane or hexane). Also evaluated were the effects of alcohol and solvent type and surfactant concentration on the extraction of the α-lactalbumin (α-la). From the obtained solubility diagrams for ternary systems, it was concluded that isooctane presented the highest water solubility capacity in the center of the micelle systems with hexane, since isooctane has greater molecular volume and greater effect of the surfactant aggregation number. With respect to the alcohols, it was observed that isopropanol and butanol act in the system as a co-surfactant, since they prefer to adsorb at the water/solvent interface. It was also verified that butanol improved water solubility inside the reverse micellar due to its contribution to increase the critical packing parameter. The amount of α-la extracted increased proportionally with the AOT concentration for systems with isooctane and hexane. However, for systems with the latter solvent, the concentration of extracted protein first increases and then decreases. The extraction power of reverse micellar systems with isooctane was influenced by the type of alcohol with butanol showing better results. For systems containing hexane there was no effect of the alcohol added to the system on extraction power of α-lactalbumin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: evaluate the ability of nurses to recognize electrocardiograph alterations that require immediate intervention and compare the performance of these nurses in face of arrhythmias, according to their unit. Method: cross-sectional study with 100 nurses of a hospital specialized in cardiopulmonology. Data were collected between March and November 2015, using an instrument with characterization data on the participants and 10 clinical cases with electrocardiography tracings. Results: 89% of the nurses identified pulseless ventricular tachycardia, 77% identified ventricular fibrillation and 81% identified pulseless electrical activity, however, less than half of them was able to identify ischemic alterations. Critical care nurses analyzed more tracings in their routine when compared to those from noncritical areas (p=0.019), and felt more confident to do it. Conclusion: nurses have the ability to identify altered cardiac rhythms. There was no difference as regards their performance, when considering the type of unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the eighth most common cancer among women in Brazil and seventh in the world population. OC has a high mortality rate and is difficult to diagnose. Currently, OC detection most often occurs at an advanced stage of the disease due to its silent progression, which contributes to the high mortality rate. Available genetic markers are not considered specifically enough for an initial and definite diagnosis. The association with new genes involved with OC can provide a better understanding of this pathology as well as contribute to the development of a marker scenario, providing an improvement in the treatment and survival of patients. The aim of this study was to examine the potential association between the PARK2 gene and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Accordingly, we conducted a study for which 25 patients and 87 controls were recruited. Link-age disequilibrium analysis showed that the four studied tag SNPs (rs2803073, rs6930532, rs1040079, and rs2276201) were independent. Our results using the multivariate analysis between the additive and dominant model demonstrated that tag SNP rs2803073 of PARK2 is associated with susceptibility to EOC (p = 0.018, OR = 0.42). These findings suggest that hereditary variation in the PARK2 gene could influence EOC development mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sizing of equipment used in food processing, particularly heat exchangers and other equipment that require pumping of products, requires accurate data of thermophysical properties. Milk is one of the most processed liquid food fluids in the world and currently data on its thermophysical properties are limited. In a previous paper (Alcântara et al., 2010) density and dynamic viscosity data of bovine milk were presented and how these properties are affected by temperature and composition, in ranges commonly encountered in food processing. Here the thermal diffusivity and specific heat data for milk are presented, evaluating the effect of composition (moisture, fat, lactose, protein and minerals contents) and temperature (only for thermal diffusivity). Linear regression was used and the best models were selected based on the determination coefficient (R²), lack of fit, significance parameters and root mean square error (RMSE) values. Predictive ability of fitted models was compared with Choi and Okos (1986) correlations. Thermal diffusivity ranged from (1.00 to 9.03) × 10-7 m2•s-1 and specific heat from (3.078 to 4.121) kJ•kg-1•K-1. Thermal diffusivity presented a polynomial quadratic behavior affected by temperature and composition, except for lactose concentration which showed no significant effect (p›0.05). For specific heat, increase in the moisture content led to an increase in the specific heat while elevations in fat, protein, lactose and mineral contents promoted a decrease of this property. In both cases the fitted models showed satisfactory R² values, nonsignificant lack of fit (p›0.05) and significant parameters (p‹0.05), with RMSE values lower than Choi and Okos (1986) correlations. From the properties presented here and in the earlier paper, accurate calculations can be made for correct sizing and adaptation of equipment, as well as provide information of other thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to design and to adapt equipments for food processing, it is essential to know thermophysical properties. Once temperature and composition affects these properties, models based in such factors are important for further calculation. In this work, density and dynamic viscosity of bovine milk, probably the most processed food fluid in the world, were determined within large ranges of temperature and major constituents (moisture, fat, lactose, protein and minerals), based on typical processing values. Density varied from (962.01 to 1100.45) kg/m³ and dynamic viscosity varied from (0.60 to 63.70) mPa·s. Temperature and moisture content negatively affected both properties, while lactose, protein and minerals contents positively affected them. An increase in fat content reduced density and increased dynamic viscosity. Experimental density data were fitted to the simplest multiple linear model and dynamic viscosity data were fitted to a multiple type Arrehnius' model, obtaining good agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of temperature and water content on thermophysical properties (density, thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity and specific heat) of genipap (Genipa americana, L) pulp at medium maturity were studied. The thermophysical properties were determined at concentrations between 6.0% m/m and 24.0% m/m of water content and temperatures range of 5 to 80°C. The density decreased with increase in temperature and water content, while the thermal diffusivity and conductivity increased as temperature and water content increased. The specific heat decreased with the moisture content. Empirical models were fitted to the experimental data for each property and the accuracy of those models was checked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontitis (PD) are serious public-health concerns. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that interacts with its nuclear receptor (VDR) to regulate a variety of biological processes, such as bone metabolism, immune response modulation and transcription of several genes involved in CKD and PD disease mechanisms. The aim of this work was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the VDR gene and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and PD. Methods: 222 subjects with and without ESRD (in hemodialysis) were divided into groups with and without PD. Polymorphisms TaqI and BsmI in the VDR gene were analyzed by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism. The significance of differences in allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies between groups was assessed by the χ2test (p value <0.05) and odds ratio (OR). Results: Allele G was associated with protection against ESRD: groups without versus with ESRD (GG) × (GA+AA): OR = 2.5, 95 CI = 1.4–4.6, p = 0.00; (G × A): OR = 1.5, 95 CI = 1.0–2.3, p = 0.02; (TG + CG) × (TA + CA): OR = 1.5, 95 CI = 1.0–2.3, p = 0.02. No association was observed between the study polymorphisms and susceptibility to or protection against PD. Conclusion: Allele G of the VDR BsmI polymorphism was associated with protection against ESRD. Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontitis (PD) are serious public-health concerns. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that interacts with its nuclear receptor (VDR) to regulate a variety of biological processes, such as bone metabolism, immune response modulation and transcription of several genes involved in CKD and PD disease mechanisms. The aim of this work was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the VDR gene and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and PD. Methods: 222 subjects with and without ESRD (in hemodialysis) were divided into groups with and without PD. Polymorphisms TaqI and BsmI in the VDR gene were analyzed by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism. The significance of differences in allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies between groups was assessed by the χ2 test (p value <0.05) and odds ratio (OR). Results: Allele G was associated with protection against ESRD: groups without versus with ESRD (GG) × (GA+AA): OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.4-4.6, p = 0.00; (G × A): OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.3, p = 0.02; (TG + CG) × (TA + CA): OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.3, p = 0.02. No association was observed between the study polymorphisms and susceptibility to or protection against PD. Conclusion: Allele G of the VDR BsmI polymorphism was associated with protection against ESRD. Copyright © 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of organ transplantation identified a new group of diseases. Dermatologists are studying transplant-associated diseases along with the atypical behavior of already known dermatoses. Pediatric patients have been treated as an extension of adult population, but unique aspects of age required clarification. A prospective cohort was studied including patients from both genders up to 17 yr of age who were recipients of kidney, liver or BMT during 2003 in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Regular skin examinations were performed up to the sixth month after the procedure, and an analysis was determined by ID (i.e. = number of skin changes/number of patients-month × 100). Thirty-nine patients were examined: 20 were kidney transplant recipients; 11 were BMT recipients (10 autologous transplants and 1 allogeneic transplant); and 8 were liver transplant recipients. Skin changes result primarily from the use of medication (87.2). Individually, kidney transplant patients presented the highest ID of skin changes because of medications (104.1). BMT recipients presented the highest ID of alterations occurring on skin appendages (85.4) and liver transplant recipients had the highest ID of vascular changes (94.9). In conclusion, this study shows that cutaneous alterations in pediatric transplant recipients present some particularities not described in adult recipients, such as ichthyosiform xerosis in renal recipients and skin scaling with pellagroid appearance in bone marrow recipients. Also, dermatoses secondary to medication use were the main finding in pediatric population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neurogenic bladder (NB) can affect people after stroke episodes. NB features changes in the normal voiding pattern at the bladder filling and emptying phases. Overactive NB is characterized by urgency symptoms, with or without urinary incontinence, caused by NB. This disorder affects many domains of life (physical, social, psychological, domestic, sexual) that limit personal autonomy and degrade the quality of life. Among the several treatments available, the conservative physical therapy intervention through tibial nerve electrostimulation (TNES) and parasacral electrostimulation (PSES) can help improve patient conditions with a smaller number of collateral effects than those of interventions based on medication. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of TNES and PSES techniques in women with overactive NB after stroke episodes to assess the impact of urinary incontinence in these women, on their number of incontinence episodes, daytime and nocturnal urinary frequency, and quality of life.Methods: This is a prospective clinical study to compare two randomized groups based on parallel and blind conditions. Forty-four women who have had a stroke episode at least 30 days before the trial and who have developed overactive NB will be recruited for the trial. All patients will be subjected to initial evaluation and randomly divided into two groups, TNES and PSES. Subsequently, the two groups will be subjected to a 12-session intervention protocol, twice a week. A new evaluation will be performed after the intervention.Discussion: The results of this study will contribute to the physiotherapeutic treatment of women with NB after a stroke episode since such results will add information about the benefits of this treatment, urinary control, and the improvements in the quality of life of these women.Trial Registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) RBR-2bn2z4 . Registered on December 11, 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]