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Nursing knowledge has been accompanied by the evolution of nursing standardized language systems (SLS) that can help nurses to systematize nursing care. We analyzed referential integrity (diagnosis, results, interventions) of substance related problems in Nursing SLS through documentary analysis: ICNP®, NANDA-I, Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC), Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC), NANDA NIC NOC (NNN). ICNP® has a definition of "substance abuse" but there are no clinical indicators or related factors to help formulate a diagnosis. NANDA-I does not define any related diagnosis, although it appears as related to or as a risk factor in 36 diagnoses. In NIC and NOC there are interventions and outcomes related. The phenomenon is omitted in NANDA-I and treated in a stigmatized manner by ICNP. Clear clinical indicators may be needed to help nursing diagnosis and to lead clinical reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The challenges experienced in the context of the pandemic have required a significant reconciliation between work and family domains due to confinement and the need to spend more time at home, which may have increased the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, making it necessary to use resilient coping strategies to overcome the difficulties felt. This study examined the effect of resilient coping on the relationship between work-family conflict and stress, anxiety, and depression in this context. Data were collected using a self-report protocol from a sample of Portuguese workers (N = 476). The results indicated that work-family conflict was positively associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Resilient coping established a negative relationship with stress, anxiety, and depression. The moderation effect was not corroborated; it was found that in the presence of the moderating variable (resilient coping), the relationship between the variables of work-family conflict and stress, anxiety, and depression was strengthened. This study reinforces the importance of appropriate interventions in resilient coping in the work-family context, which helps control stress, anxiety, and resilience levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used the Portuguese version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) to assess the risk of psychological disturbances associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in two independent samples of the Portuguese population. The psychometric characteristics of the scale were also assessed. Data was collected through an online survey and its internal consistency was examined. The internal consistency of the scale was high. Factor analysis found different dimensional structures for the scale in the two samples: a three-factor in the first sample and a four-factor structure in the second sample. The different factor structures confirmed the dependence of the results on the characteristics of the samples and the situation where it is applied. Despite these differences in structure, this study showed that the Portuguese version of the IES-R is a reliable tool to measure psychological distress associated with traumatic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The training of students in higher education and specifically in the nursing degree has been the object of study by the professors. It is part of nursing practice to respect the student's decision- making process and provide the right to information, promoting the acquisition of skills that allow them to make responsible choices for their future. The objective of this investigation was to know the perspective of nursing students, regarding their involvement in pedagogical training on musculoskeletal symptoms. A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study was carried out using the focus group method with six nursing students. Qualitative analysis was performed according to Bardin and the mental map was performed using FreeMind® software. Students revealed satisfaction with the real interest in their learning with reflection on the acquisition of skills in terms of knowledge about musculoskeletal symptoms and the need for critical thinking in the nursing profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Person and Family Centered Care (PFCC) has demonstrated important contributions to health care outcomes. However, in response to the need for safety due to the pandemic COVID-19, measures were taken to restrict hospital visits. So, the aim of this study was to understand the healthcare experience of family members of patients hospitalized during the pandemic period regarding safety and person- and family-centered care. Methods: Qualitative interpretative study, conducted through semi-structured interviews with six family members of people hospitalized during the pandemic period. Content analysis was performed using Atlas.ti software version 22 (Berlin, Germany) and Bardin's methodology. Results and Conclusions: Restrictions on hospital visits due to the pandemic of COVID-19 have led to a distancing of families from the hospital setting and influenced healthcare practice, making it difficult to involve families in the care process. In some cases, healthcare professionals made efforts to provide PFCC, attempting to minimize the impact of the visitation restriction. However, there were reported experiences of care delivery that did not consider social and psychological factors and did not place the person and family at the center of the care process, relying instead on the biomedical model. These practices left out important factors for the provision of safe care. It is crucial, even in pandemic settings, that healthcare professionals provide person- and family-centered care to the extent possible, promoting the safety of care. The family should be involved in the care of the person in the inpatient setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Although there have been numerous studies investigating the mental health of individuals during the pandemic, a comparison between countries is still scarce in the literature. To explore this gap, the present study aimed to compare the mental health (i.e., anxiety and depression), quality of life (QoL), and optimism/pessimism among individuals from Brazil and Portugal during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and Portugal. Data collection was carried out between May and June 2020, using an online form which was sent through social networks. A total of 2069 participants (1156 from Brazil and 913 from Portugal) were included. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), Anxiety (GAD-7), optimism/pessimism (Revised Life Orientation Test – LOT), QoL (WHOQOL-Bref), and sociodemographic, health, and social distancing variables were assessed. Data was analyzed using univariate and multivariate models. Results: There were remarkable differences between Brazil and Portugal in all outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including higher levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety, and optimism for the Brazilian individuals and higher levels of QoL and pessimism for the Portuguese individuals. The following factors were associated with the mental health and QoL in both Brazilian and Portuguese populations: gender, age, being a healthcare professional, and days in social distancing. Conclusion: Despite the fact that Brazilians were more optimistic during the COVID-19 pandemic, they had lower levels of mental health and QoL as compared to the Portuguese individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study examined the psychometric properties and factor structure of an instrument to assess emotional climate during the COVID-19 pandemic using a sample of 601 Portuguese individuals. Two subsamples were created, one to perform an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), composed of 300 participants, and the other to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), composed of 301 individuals. Two factors were found: positive and negative emotional climate. In the EFA, both factors established a negative and significant correlation. However, the CFA presented a better fit with two independent factors. Reliability analysis indicated acceptable values for both dimensions. There was also evidence of discriminant, convergent, and criterion validity. More negative emotions were perceived regarding the social climate. Results were discussed in the frame of different positive and negative psychosocial variables related to positive and negative emotional climates, as well as positive emotional climate as a resource for collective resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to conduct an adaptation and validation of the Attitudes towards Alcohol, Alcoholism and Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorders Scale (EAFAA) which set to address the main groups of attitudes. It is composed in its original version by 50 items, divided into 4 factors: (1) work and interpersonal relationships with patients with alcohol consumption disorders; (2) the person with alcohol consumption disorders; (3) alcoholism (aetiology) and (4) alcoholic beverages and their use. The cultural adaptation from Brazilian to European Portuguese changes 22 items and the designation of one factor. The content validity index scale was 0.96. The psychometric properties were analysed through a cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample of 500 health professionals and students. The confirmatory factor analysis model with the same four (4) original factors, led to the elimination of 9 items. The scale revealed Cronbach’s alpha of 0.801. Empirical adjustment indices were satisfactory with Minimum Discrepancy Function by Degrees of Freedom divided (CMIN) (X2/gl) = 3.91; p < 0001, RMSEA = 0.076 and the goodness of fit index (GFI) with 0.8. Relative indices values were normal fit index (NFI) = 0.6, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.7 and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.7, with best parsimony indices PCFI = 0.595, PNFI = 0.530 and PGFI = 0.702. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction People attribute meanings, develop behaviors and present attitudes towards alcohol consumption. Health professionals, despite their specific training, have attitudes that influence their professional practice and impact their relationship with their patients.1 It is not yet known how these attitudes are characterized in Portuguese health professionals, even though Portugal is one of the countries in the world with the highest rates of alcohol consumption. The relationship between these attitudes and the perception of self-efficacy is also to be understood. Objectives To describe the attitudes of Portuguese health professionals towards alcohol consumption and the relationship between these attitudes and the perception of self-efficacy. Method Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, quantitative study carried out in 2021, accepted by the ARSLVT's Ethics Committee. Two scales were used: the Scale of attitudes toward alcohol, alcohol use disorder and individuals with alcohol use disorders2-PT (Escala de atitudes face ao álcool, aos problemas ligados ao álcool e às pessoas com perturbação por consumo de álcool - portuguese version, previously adapted) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale.3 After requesting collaboration and sending the link to health and professional institutions, 535 professionals answered an online questionnaire (physicians, nurses, psychologists and social workers and final year nursing and medicine students) anonymously and with informed consent. Results and Discussion Participants had a mean age of 42.2 years (SD=12.7). 81.3% were women. Mainly nurses (46.7%) and physicians (26.9%). 12% were nursing or medical final year students. Health professionals had a mean age of 20 years (SD=11.2) of professional practice. From all sample 71.2%, had professional experience with people with problematic alcohol consumption, 24.5% never had access to academic training in this area and 57,9% had never had in-service training on the subject. These data reveal the differences in substance use training, between courses and between health and educational institutions. 45.2% said they had a relative with problematic alcohol consumption, which is expected given the high prevalence of alcohol consumption in Portuguese society regarding the attitudes of professionals towards alcohol consumption, 30.1% had negative attitudes, with nurses having less positive attitudes. No differences were found according to sex or time of professional practice. The older the participants are the more negative attitudes towards alcohol consumption (r=-0.105; p<0.015). Those who do not actually care of patients with alcohol problem have more negative attitudes (F(3)=3,102; p=0,026). There is a positive and statistically significant correlation between attitudes towards alcohol consumption and self-efficacy (r=0.171; p<0.001), which can be revealed in better professional performance and personal satisfaction. Conclusions and implications for knowledge development Portuguese health professionals have globally positive attitudes towards alcohol consumption and people with alcohol problematic use. Nonetheless, more than a quarter have negative attitudes, with nurses standing out. Surprisingly, there were no differences in attitudes between those who have close relatives with problematic alcohol consumption and those who have not. Those who have better attitudes have better self-efficacy, which indicates the need for attention and monitoring this indicator to promote best professional practices. More research is needed to understand the predictors of negative attitudes about alcohol consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]