Search

As a research hotspot in the field of natural language processing (NLP), sentiment analysis can be roughly divided into explicit sentiment analysis and implicit sentiment analysis. However, due to the lack of obvious emotion words in the implicit sentiment analysis task and because the sentiment polarity contained in implicit sentiment words is not easily accurately identified by existing text-processing methods, the implicit sentiment analysis task is one of the most difficult tasks in sentiment analysis. This paper proposes a new preprocessing method for implicit sentiment text classification; this method is named Text To Picture (TTP) in this paper. TTP highlights the sentiment differences between different sentiment polarities in Chinese implicit sentiment text with the help of deep learning by converting original text data into word frequency maps. The differences between sentiment polarities are used as sentiment clues to improve the performance of the Chinese implicit sentiment text classification task. It does this by transforming the original text data into a word frequency map in order to highlight the differences between the sentiment polarities expressed in the implicit sentiment text. We conducted experimental tests on two common datasets (SMP2019, EWECT), and the results show that the accuracy of our method is significantly improved compared with that of the competitor's. On the SMP2019 dataset, the accuracy-improvement range was 4.55–7.06%. On the EWECT dataset, the accuracy was improved by 1.81–3.95%. In conclusion, the new preprocessing method for implicit sentiment text classification proposed in this paper can achieve better classification results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implicit sentiment identification has become the classic challenge in text mining due to its lack of sentiment words. Recently, graph neural network (GNN) has made great progress in natural language processing (NLP) because of its powerful feature capture ability, but there are still two problems with the current method. On the one hand, the graph structure constructed for implicit sentiment text is relatively single, without comprehensively considering the information of the text, and it is more difficult to understand the semantics. On the other hand, the constructed initial static graph structure is more dependent on human labor and domain expertise, and the introduced errors cannot be corrected. To solve these problems, we introduce a dynamic graph structure framework (SIF) based on the complementarity of semantic and structural information. Specifically, for the first problem, SIF integrates the semantic and structural information of the text, and constructs two graph structures, structural information graph and semantic information graph, respectively, based on specialized knowledge, which complements the information between the two graph structures, provides rich semantic features for the downstream identification task, and helps to understanding of the contextual information between implicit sentiment semantics. To deal with the second issue, SIF dynamically learns the initial static graph structure to eliminate the noise information in the graph structure, preventing noise accumulation that affects the performance of the downstream identification task. We compare SIF with mainstream natural language processing methods in three publicly available datasets, all of which outperform the benchmark model. The accuracy on the Puns of day dataset, SemEval-2021 task 7 dataset, and Reddit dataset reaches 95.73%, 85.37%, and 65.36%, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate a good application scenario for our proposed method on implicit sentiment identification tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kazakh is one of the multilingual languages of China and is widely spoken in some areas of Xinjiang, China. However, due to the fact that Kazakh is a language in which several characters are glued together to form a continuous word with a unique shape and complex structural combinations of relationships. This paper explores a solution for offline image retrieval of handwritten Kazakh words, which is a challenging task because, due to the lack of relevant datasets and the special writing morphology of the Kazakh language, traditional text image retrieval algorithms often struggle to achieve satisfactory results when dealing with writing styles that are varied and adherent to the language. Therefore, a dataset of offline Kazakh handwritten document images was created in this paper. The dataset contains 300 pages of document images with 20 500 words. Then, a new model called the 'AENet' is proposed. The model utilizes an attention mechanism to focus more finely on focal regions such as centers, inflection points, and contours of handwritten word images and to capture important local features from different scales. Fusion space pyramid pooling, feature aggregation, encoding operations, and feature downscaling and reconstruction are used to extract and reconstruct more representative feature representations from local to global to capture the overall information in the word images. Through experimental evaluation on Kazak‐80, Zilla‐64, and HWDB1.1‐375 datasets, it is verified that the method significantly improves the mAP for image retrieval of handwritten words, which is especially applicable to adhesive languages like Kazakh. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional sentiment analysis focuses on text-level sentiment mining, transforming sentiment mining into classification or regression problems, resulting in a sentiment analysis low accuracy rate. Sentiment analysis refers to the use of natural language processing, text analysis, and computational linguistics to systematically identify, extract, quantify, and study sentimental states. Therefore, more scholars have begun to focus on speech recognition and facial expression recognition research, and extracting and analysing people's sentiment tendencies can improve sentiment recognition accuracy. Traditional single-modal sentiment analysis can no longer meet people's needs. Therefore, this paper proposes a multimodal sentiment analysis method based on the multimodal sentiment analysis method that can obtain more sentimental information sources and help people make better decisions. The experimental results in this paper show that the highest recognition rates of CNN-SVM, RNN-SVM, and CRNN-SVM were 76.8%, 71.2%, and 93.5%, respectively. It can be seen that CRNN-SVM has the highest sentiment tendency recognition rate in deep learning, so it is suitable to apply CRNN-SVM to sentiment tendency analysis system design in this paper. The average accuracy rate of the system designed in this paper was 91%, and the stability was also very strong, which shows that the system designed in this paper is meaningful. The main contribution of this paper is based on the limitations of single-mode emotion analysis. It proposes a multimode emotion analysis method and introduces a convolutional neural network to help people obtain more emotional information sources to meet their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implicit sentiment identification is a significant classical task in text analysis. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently been successful in implicit sentiment identification, but the current approaches still suffer from two problems. On the one hand, there is a lack of structural information carried by the single-view graph structure of implicit sentiment texts to accurately capture obscure sentiment expressions. On the other hand, the predefined fixed graph structure may contain some noisy edges that cannot represent semantic information using an accurate topology, which can seriously impair the performance of implicit sentiment analysis. To address these problems, we introduce a knowledge-fusion-based iterative graph structure learning framework (KIG). Specifically, for the first problem, KIG constructs graph structures based on three views, namely, co-occurrence statistics, cosine similarity, and syntactic dependency trees through prior knowledge, which provides rich multi-source information for implicit sentiment analysis and facilitates the capture of implicit obscure sentiment expressions. To address the second problem, KIG innovatively iterates the three original graph structures and searches for their implicit graph structures to better fit the data themselves to optimize the downstream implicit sentiment analysis task. We compared our method with the mainstream implicit sentiment identification methods on two publicly available datasets, and ours outperformed both benchmark models. The accuracy, recall, and F1 values of KIG on the Pun of the Day dataset reached 89.2%, 93.7%, and 91.1%, respectively. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method for the implicit sentiment identification task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Target tracking algorithms based on deep learning have achieved good results in public datasets. Among them, the network tracking algorithm based on Siamese tracking has a high accuracy and fast speed, which has attracted significant attention. However, the Siamese tracker uses the AlexNet network as its backbone and the network layers are relatively shallow, so it does not make full use of the ability of the deep neural network. If only the backbones of target tracking are replaced, there will be no obvious improvement, such as in the cases of ResNet and Inception. Therefore, this paper designs a wider and deeper network structure. At a wider level, a mechanism that can adaptively adjust the receptive field (RF) size is designed. Firstly, multiple branches are divided by the split operator, and each branch has a different size of kernel corresponding to a different size of RF; then, the fuse operator is used to fuse the information of each branch to obtain the selection weights; and finally, according to the selection, the aggregation feature map is weighted. At a deeper level, a new kind of residual models is designed. The channel is simplified by pruning in order to improve the tracking speed. According to the above, a wider and deeper Siamese network was proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the structure proposed in this paper achieves a good tracking effect and real-time performance on six kinds of datasets. The proposed tracker achieves an SUC and Prec of LaSOT of 0.569 and 0.571, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Handwritten signatures have traditionally been used as a common form of recognition and authentication in tasks such as financial transactions and document authentication. However, there are few studies on minority languages such as Uyghur and Kazakh used in Xinjiang, China, and no available public dataset for these scripts, which are widely used in banking and other fields. Therefore, this paper addresses this problem by constructing a dataset containing Uyghur, Kazakh, and Han languages and presents an automatic handwritten signature recognition approach based on Uyghur, Kazakh, Han, and public datasets. In the paper, a handwritten signature recognition method that combines local maximum occurrence features (LOMO) and histogram of orientated gradients (HOG) features was proposed. LOMO features use a sliding window to represent the local features of the signature image. The high-dimensional features formed by the combination of these methods are dimensionally reduced by principal component analysis (PCA). The classification is performed using k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), and it is compared with the random forest method. The proposed method achieved a recognition rate of 98.4% using a diverse signature database compared with existing methods. It shows that the method was effective and can be applied to large datasets of mixed, multilingual signatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scene text detection task aims to precisely localize text in natural environments. At present, the application scenarios of text detection topics have gradually shifted from plain document text to more complex natural scenarios. Objects with similar texture and text morphology in the complex background noise of natural scene images are prone to false recall and difficult to detect multi-scale texts, a multi-directional scene Uyghur text detection model based on fine-grained feature representation and spatial feature fusion is proposed, and feature extraction and feature fusion are improved to enhance the network's ability to represent multi-scale features. In this method, the multiple groups of 3 × 3 convolutional feature groups that are connected like the hierarchical residual to build a residual network for feature extraction, which captures the feature details and increases the receptive field of the network to adapt to multi-scale text and long glued dimensional font detection and suppress false positives of text-like objects. Secondly, an adaptive multi-level feature map fusion strategy is adopted to overcome the inconsistency of information in multi-scale feature map fusion. The proposed model achieves 93.94% and 84.92% F-measure on the self-built Uyghur dataset and the ICDAR2015 dataset, respectively, which improves the accuracy of Uyghur text detection and suppresses false positives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipreading is a technique for analyzing sequences of lip movements and then recognizing the speech content of a speaker. Limited by the structure of our vocal organs, the number of pronunciations we could make is finite, leading to problems with homophones when speaking. On the other hand, different speakers will have various lip movements for the same word. For these problems, we focused on the spatial–temporal feature extraction in word-level lipreading in this paper, and an efficient two-stream model was proposed to learn the relative dynamic information of lip motion. In this model, two different channel capacity CNN streams are used to extract static features in a single frame and dynamic information between multi-frame sequences, respectively. We explored a more effective convolution structure for each component in the front-end model and improved by about 8%. Then, according to the characteristics of the word-level lipreading dataset, we further studied the impact of the two sampling methods on the fast and slow channels. Furthermore, we discussed the influence of the fusion methods of the front-end and back-end models under the two-stream network structure. Finally, we evaluated the proposed model on two large-scale lipreading datasets and achieved a new state-of-the-art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current most advanced CNN-based detection models are nearly not deployable on mobile devices with limited arithmetic power due to problems such as too many redundant parameters and excessive arithmetic power required, and knowledge distillation as a potentially practical model compression approach can alleviate this limitation. In the past, feature-based knowledge distillation algorithms focused more on transferring the local features customized by people and reduced the full grasp of global information in images. To address the shortcomings of traditional feature distillation algorithms, we first improve GAMAttention to learn the global feature representation in images, and the improved attention mechanism can minimize the information loss caused by processing features. Secondly, feature shifting no longer defines manually which features should be shifted, a more interpretable approach is proposed where the student network learns to emulate the high-response feature regions predicted by the teacher network, which increases the end-to-end properties of the model, and feature shifting allows the student network to simulate the teacher network in generating semantically strong feature maps to improve the detection performance of the small model. To avoid learning too many noisy features when learning background features, these two parts of feature distillation are assigned different weights. Finally, logical distillation is performed on the prediction heads of the student and teacher networks. In this experiment, we chose Yolov5 as the base network structure for teacher–student pairs. We improved Yolov5s through attention and knowledge distillation, ultimately achieving a 1.3% performance gain on VOC and a 1.8% performance gain on KITTI. • We use knowledge distillation and attention for yolov5s to improve performance. • We propose the GAMF module that captures both global and local features. • We propose the RFT and join SSIM to shift response features and background features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-domain sentiment classification could be attributed to two steps. The first step is used to extract the text representation, and the other is to reduce domain discrepancy. Existing methods mostly focus on learning the domain-invariant information, rarely consider using the domain-specific semantic information, which could help cross-domain sentiment classification; traditional adversarial-based models merely focus on aligning the global distribution ignore maximizing the class-specific decision boundaries. To solve these problems, we propose a context-aware semantic adaptation (CASA) network for cross-domain implicit sentiment classification (ISC). CASA can provide more semantic relationships and an accurate understanding of the emotion-changing process for ISC tasks lacking explicit emotion words. (1) To obtain inter- and intrasentence semantic associations, our model builds a context-aware heterogeneous graph (CAHG), which can aggregate the intrasentence dependency information and the intersentence node interaction information, followed by an attention mechanism that remains high-level domain-specific features. (2) Moreover, we conduct a new multigrain discriminator (MGD) to effectively reduce the interdomain distribution discrepancy and improve intradomain class discrimination. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of different modules compared with existing models on the Chinese implicit emotion dataset and four public explicit datasets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food safety is a global issue; risk prevention and control of food physical and chemical testing (PCT) data are critical. However, existing studies have not considered the risk status of qualified products near the detection limit. Therefore, this paper presents a data-driven paradigm to detect the combined risk of multiple indicators across products in real-world food safety datasets for the first time. The following challenges exist to achieve this goal. (1) In real-world scenarios, neighboring samples are somewhat correlated; however, capturing and quantifying the actual testing sample correlation network remains an open problem in food computing. (2) The low-frequency nature of the unqualified samples leads to label imbalance in the data. (3) Labeling dependency limits the application scenarios. This article proposes a novel self-supervised framework (SUCOLA) to address the abovementioned challenges. That jointly learns the optimal graph topology and also inferences the connections between every product node and its well-designed subgraph, helping to resist label imbalance. We applied it to a real-world sterilized PCT dataset from a province in China. Extensive experiments show that SUCOLA performance is outstandingly better than several baselines of the current graph self-supervision field. Meanwhile, we conducted generalizability experiments on five well-known benchmark datasets. The proposed SUCOLA surpasses the current state-of-the-art by a considerable margin (0.39%–8.7% AUC) on public datasets. Thus, our study provides a new idea for early warning research on PCT data in food computing and fills the gap in the study of structural learning under category imbalance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most children's mice are designed based on appearance, without consideration of the child's comfort skeletal structure. This paper proposes a mouse design more suitable for children, considering ergonomic, physiological and psychological factors. The characteristics of children's hands and fingers were summarised and statistically analysed to propose a design built on improving the traditional mouse to better suit children's use. Experimental data analysis showed that the proposed mouse is more suitable for children's palm sizes, making the user more comfortable, and increasing practical value. Abbreviations: Traditional mouse(TM); new mouse(NM) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Document images of various scripts must be identified and processed in today's international environment. As the front-end technology of Optical Character Recognition (OCR), script identification is an indispensable part of automatic document image analysis. Aiming at the nature of rich texture features of document images, a 3-level Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) was used to extract 30- dimensional texture features in this paper. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier were used for classification. A total of 10,000 document images in 10 kinds of Central Asian scripts--Arabic, Russian, Tibetan, Chinese, Uyghur, English, Mongolian, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, and Turkish--were classified. The identification efficiency of SVM and KNN was analyzed and compared, with the result that the SVM classifier obtained 99.5% average accuracy, a higher accuracy than KNN, during the experiment. The validity of the proposed method was proved by comparing the Wavelet Transforms (WT) and Local Binary Patterns (LBP) of these two script-identification methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]