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Nutrition plays an important role in oncology, as cancer and its treatment can significantly affect the nutritional status of patients. During cancer therapy, patients may experience weight loss, decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation, which may affect their overall health and ability to tolerate the treatment. Therefore, ensuring adequate nutrition can be important to maintain the nutritional status and the general health of patients during oncology therapy. Diet should be tailored to the individual needs of patients, taking into account health status, treatment and food tolerance. In addition, foods can have a direct impact on the growth and development of cancer cells, therefore some nutrients can have a protective effect against cancer. For example, foods rich in antioxidants, such as fruits and vegetables, can help prevent cell damage and reduce the risk of cancer. On the other hand, some foods and eating habits can increase the risk of cancer. For example, a high consumption of processed foods, foods high in saturated fat and sugar can increase the risk of cancer. Alcohol consumption and smoking are also known risk factors for cancer. New research combines precision oncology and precision nutrition by integrating information on tumor nutrition and metabolism, patient genomics and cancer cell metabolism, and even the patient’s microbiome that may lead to new approaches to cancer prevention. Good results have been achieved when molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapy have been used to treat specific forms of cancer together with molecular oncology and molecular nutrition [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interferon-γ plays a key role in antitumor immunity. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of poly(methacrylic acid) on the interferon-γ level in a model tumor process in vivo. For this, a low-molecular-weight polymer of methacrylic acid with a narrow molecular-weight distribution was obtained (Mn × 10–3 = 31.8; Mw × 10–3 = 37.3; P = 1.17). An experimental model of the tumor process was created by inoculating the PC-1 tumor strain into laboratory animals (Wistar rats). The experiments showed that the interferon-γ level in laboratory animals decreased by 31.2% on day 21 after tumor transplantation. Administration of poly(methacrylic acid) contributed to an increase in interferon-γ production in laboratory animals, the level of which reached that of intact animals (10.20 ± 0.45 pg/mL). The tumor volume tended to decrease if poly(methacrylic acid) was used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]