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Using the phenomenon of stimulation of the releasing of isoforms of NADPH oxidase (Nox) from rat's and trout cell membranes by ferrihemoglobin (ferriHb) the brief, the effective and simple method of the isolation of isoforms of Nox is elaborated. The characteristic optical absorption spectra and increased specific NADPH-depending О2--producing and ferriHb-redusing activities of isolated Nox on the whole, is sim ilarity to the indices of Nox from membranes of other type cells are observed. It is assumed, that the increase of the activities of Nox in rat' s lung, particularly, in cell's membranes of the fish of trout, the careful use of the molecular oxigen for the production of necessary amount of the О2" and the regulation of the oxygen homeostasis are conditioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The study was intended to evaluate the depletion of chloramphenicol (CAP) in rainbow trout (about 300–550g body weight), after 10 days treatment with fish feedstuff containing chloramphenicol. A total of 60 animals were separated in two groups: one was fed with CAP containing feedstuff in order to have a dosage of about 80mgkg−1 day−1, while a second group of fishes was fed with feedstuff not containing any CAP formulation (negative controls). The treatment was maintained for 10 days. After this period, groups of 2–5 animals were sacrificed at different withdrawal times up to a maximum of 31 days. Muscle tissues of each group of animals were then analysed for quantitative residual CAP determination both by enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC/MSMS). The methods applied were in house validated according to the guidelines laid down by the European Decision 657/2002/EC. Results and considerations are presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This review of stream trout research literature for the 1987–2006 period covered >1300 papers dealing with 22 relevant topics, when compared with <400 papers on 18 topics in the previous one (1967–1986). The percentage of experimental approaches here quantified for both research reviews was 18% in the 1967–1976 period, increased to 21% in 1977–1986, to 39% in 1987–1996, and up to 43% in 1997–2006. Particular journals in the recent two decadal period published high percentages of experimental papers ( The Journal of Animal Ecology and Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences; 62.9% and 62.4%, respectively), others, intermediate percentages ( Nordic Journal of Fisheries Research, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, North American Journal of Fisheries Management and Ecology of Freshwater Fish: 44.1%, 42.4%, 40.5%, and 35.6%, respectively); the remainder covered ≤33%. Research papers on stream ‘trouts’ published over the last two decades were classified into 22 subject areas for nine major journals separately and combined for 55 other journals. Subject areas dealing with the biology and ecology of trout redds, egg development, alevin emergence and onto fry and parr were the most heavily reported in nine major journals, as well as in all other journals combined. Habitat characteristics and cover use by trout were the next. Atlantic salmon and brown trout were the species with highest publication coverage in nearly all subject areas, with low coverage for all salvelinid (charr) species except brook charr. Research on Atlantic salmon in the UK used experimental approaches in nearly 60% of publications and in mid to high 30% for those on Atlantic salmon and brown trout in Scandinavian countries. Consideration is given to future research needs for stream trouts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is an important viral disease of salmonids. In the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) an etiological agent, a birnavirus causes a lethal disease in fry and fingerling. Survivors act as asymptomatic carriers at other life stages, which may shed the etiologic agent, or transmit it vertically to their progeny. Diagnosis of IPN-diseased and detection of infected trouts are important for controlling the spread of the virus. The IPN is worldwide distributed, being recently identified in Mexico. In the present paper the epizootiology, prevention and control of this disease are reviewed in an exhaustive and systematical manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]