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BACKGROUND: Targeted therapy based on nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway to explore neuroinflammation is increasingly worth exploring, and the advantages of Chinese medicine such as many targets, wide range, rich mechanisms, and few side effects have great potential in the treatment of various diseases. OBJECTIVE: Based on the nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway, this paper systematically expounded and summarized the research progress of kaempferol, safflower yellow, baicalin, and triptolide in the treatment of neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury. METHODS: Search terms “spinal cord injury, inflammation, anti-inflammatory, traditional Chinese medicine monomer, monomeric compound, NF-κB signaling pathway, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, esters, alkaloids” were searched in CNKI and PubMed databases. Totally 67 articles were finally included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The role of nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway in the nervous system is complex and diverse, which can regulate neutrophils, microglia, astrocytes, and macrophages, and mediate the occurrence and development of inflammation after injury. (2) The effects of traditional Chinese medicine monomers such as baicalin on the degradation of nuclear transcription factor kappa B inhibitory protein, the inhibition of phosphorylation process by safflowerin on nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway, and the inhibition of kaempferol on nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway p65 nuclear translocation can reduce the impact of inflammatory response on the body, thereby promoting the recovery of neurological function. (3) The nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway can promote inflammation and immune cell migration and activation in the early stage of injury, and can promote the repair of injury site and the occurrence of fibrosis in the middle and late stages of injury. Appropriate activation of the nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway can promote the release of inflammatory factors, improve the antioxidant capacity of cells, and promote the activation of immune cells, but the over-activated nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway can easily lead to the occurrence and continuation of chronic inflammation and the inhibition of apoptosis. (4) Future research can further explore how to accurately regulate the activation level of nuclear transcription factor kappa B signaling pathway, how to achieve precise intervention for nervous system inflammation and injury, and can also focus on the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine monomers and the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine monomers on signaling pathways, in order to provide more effective treatment strategies for the rehabilitation and functional recovery of neurological diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: How to repair bone defect has been a clinical problem for a long time. The effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have good biological activity and therapeutic effect, and the combination of effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and tissue engineering materials has a broad prospect in the field of bone repair. The combination of different effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and scaffolds has similarities in their functional relationships. OBJECTIVE: To collect the cases of the combinations of effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and scaffolds, then analogize tissue engineering scaffolds and effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine into two types of traditional Chinese medicine that generate compatibility relationships based on the inspiration of the compatibility of seven emotions and summarize the relationship between the two based on their functional relationships. METHODS: Relevant articles from January 1998 to January 2024 were searched in PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), using English search terms "traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine monomers, bone defect, bone repair, bone tissue engineering, tissue engineering, scaffold" and Chinese search terms "traditional Chinese medicine, effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine monomers, bone tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering scaffold, scaffold, tissue engineering, bone defect, bone repair." A total of 88 articles were included for review and analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Both tissue engineering scaffold materials and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have been widely used in the field of bone repair. Although they have obvious advantages in osteogenesis, there are still many shortcomings. Many studies are dedicated to preparing composite materials from the two, hoping to exert a detoxification and synergism through the interaction between the two. (2) Some drugs and materials can promote each other in osteogenesis, antibacterial, and promoting angiogenesis, enhancing their original effects. Inspired by the traditional concept of prescription compatibility, this article summarized it as a "Mutual promotion" relationship and provided examples to support it. (3) Some drugs can enhance the strength of materials, while some materials can achieve sustained release and controlled release effects, increase drug loading and stability, or achieve targeted delivery of drugs loaded on them. The article summarized this unilateral enhancement effect as a "Mutual assistance" relationship. (4) The combination of some traditional Chinese medicine and materials can reduce the toxic side effects of the other party. The article summarizes this detoxification relationship as "Mutual restraint and detoxification." (5) The article provided a new perspective on traditional Chinese medicine composite scaffolds, inspired by the seven emotions compatibility relationship and based on the classification of action relationships. It introduced traditional Chinese medicine concepts into the field of tissue engineering, providing new research ideas for subsequent researchers of composite scaffolds, and providing certain convenience in material selection and matching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AgrC, as an integral membrane receptor protein with histidine kinase activity, is an important component of the agr quorum‐sensing system of Staphylococcus aureus. AgrC acts as a sensor for the recognition of environmental signals and transduction of the signals into the cytoplasm. Therefore, AgrC is considered to be a compelling target for the development of novel quorum‐sensing inhibitors. Here, we constructed a proteoliposome‐based model for screening inhibitors targeting AgrC by incorporating AgrC into liposomes. We demonstrated that the dissolution state of the liposome was a critical factor in the reconstruction of the AgrC proteoliposome, in which AgrC maintained similar orientation and function as those in natural biological membranes. Two monomers, namely, rhein and aloeemodin, were successfully screened out as inhibitors targeting AgrC by the proteoliposome‐based model from 14 traditional Chinese medicine monomers. The inhibitory effects of these compounds on the growth of suspended bacteria was dose dependent, and subinhibitory concentrations of these compounds significantly reduced the expression of three virulence factors (hla, clfA, and clpP), that are regulated by the agr system. The results preliminarily indicated that rhein and aloeemodin can inhibit the agr signaling pathway and also indirectly confirmed the feasibility and effectiveness of the AgrC proteoliposome as a drug screening model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]