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This research was carried out in the experimental fields of Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops in 2016-2017 wheat growing season. The aims of this study were to investigate some agronomic traits of the F1 generations derived from sweet corn x dent corn crosses and to develop promised sweet corn hybrids with high yield and quality properties. The crosses between parents were done at in 2016, two sweet corn inbred lines (9 and 57) were used as female parents while one dent corn inbred line (66) was used as the male parent, F1 seeds of two hybrids (9 x 66 and 57 x 66) were sown with their parents on May, 2017 in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plant height, height of first ear, ear length, ear diameter, ear weight with husk, ear weight without husk, ear/husk index, grain number per ear, grain/ear index and fresh grain yield traits were measured. It was found that both sweet corn x dent corn hybrids had greater values than those of sweet corn parents in terms of measured agronomic traits. Besides, the hybrid 9x66 showed higher heterosis than 57 x 66 hybrid for all measured traits in the research. It has been concluded that after evaluating the quality and sensory characterization this hybrid (9 x 66), it can be used as a commercial sweet corn cultivar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background A 5-year-old pediatric patient developed scoliosis associated with nontraumatic myositis ossificans in the lumbar region. Although there have been reports in literature of syndromes leading to widespread muscle ossifications resulting in shoulder deformities owing to impaired movement in the facet joints, to the best of our knowledge there has been no report of scoliosis associated with myositis ossificans. Case Description The case presented is of a 5-year-old girl who developed scoliosis associated with nontraumatic myositis ossificans in the lumbar region. On the thoracolumbar radiograph, a hyperintense lesion was seen at the right-side L2-L3 level and scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 16.2° to the right side. The decision for surgery was made with the consideration of the existing scoliosis and that the complaints were associated with paravertebral calcified lesions adjacent to the facet joints. After surgery, the scoliosis improved. Conclusions Nontraumatic, paravertebral myositis ossificans at an early age is a very rare pathology. Therefore, it must be recognized that spine deformities such as scoliosis and kyphosis can develop in neglected cases of paravertebral myositis ossificans. In addition, there is a high risk of confusion with malignant pathologies, such as osteosarcoma, in this area. Removal of the mass eliminates both the pain of myositis ossificans and prevents the development of scoliosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important plants worldwide because of its fiber that is used as raw material for the textile industry. Since the dyes used in dyeing process negatively affect the environment, many people prefer to use natural colored cotton products. The objective of this study was to establish the inter-relationship and direct and indirect effect of various quality traits on seed cotton yield in colored cotton genotypes. The F3 and F[sub 4] generations of the cross between Carmen (white) and Devetüyü-176 (brown fiber) were used for selection process in terms of seed cotton yield per plant and fiber color. The measured quality traits in the selected genotypes from F3 and F[sub 4] generations were micronaire, fiber strength, fiber length, uniformity ratio, short fiber index, fiber elongation. Phenotypic correlation and path coefficients were calculated separately for each generation. As results of the correlation analysis, seed cotton yield was not negatively associated with fiber quality properties. It may be concluded that the selection for seed cotton yield and fiber color should be applied in early generations and fiber quality properties of the selected promising colored cotton genotypes can be determined in further generations of Carmen x Devetüyü-176. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important plants worldwide because of its fiber that is used as raw material for the textile industry. Since the dyes used in dyeing process negatively affect the environment, many people prefer to use natural colored cotton products. The objective of this study was to establish the inter-relationship and direct and indirect effect of various quality traits on seed cotton yield in colored cotton genotypes. The F3 and F4 generations of the cross between Carmen (white) and Devetüyü-176 (brown fiber) were used for selection process in terms of seed cotton yield per plant and fiber color. The measured quality traits in the selected genotypes from F3 and F4 generations were micronaire, fiber strength, fiber length, uniformity ratio, short fiber index, fiber elongation. Phenotypic correlation and path coefficients were calculated separately for each generation. As results of the correlation analysis, seed cotton yield was not negatively associated with fiber quality properties. It may be concluded that the selection for seed cotton yield and fiber color should be applied in early generations and fiber quality properties of the selected promising colored cotton genotypes can be determined in further generations of Carmen x Devetüyü-176. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gibberellin sensitive gene Rht4 is a single recessive factor and reduces plant height in wheat. To reveal its potential use in wheat breeding, the effects of Rht4 gene on plant height and other key agronomic and coleoptile traits were investigated and compared using a bi-parental population from a cross between "BSJ-14" (semi-dwarf, Rht4) and Scholar (tall, no known dwarfing alleles) under the rainfed conditions. The presence of Rht4 gene was controlled at the molecular level using SSR marker of Rht4. It was found that 25 out of 72 F4 lines carried Rht4 gene while 36 lines did not possess the gene and 11 lines were heterozygous. Rht4 gene reduced plant height and peduncle length by 5.2% and 5.3%, respectively. Spike length, spikelet number and kernel number per spike were decreased but thousand kernels weight increased in lines with Rht4 gene as compared to tall lines. Reduction in coleoptile length, coleoptile diameter and first leaf length was observed in lines with Rht4 gene by 5.5%, 2.1% and 6.6%, respectively. The increase in thousand kernels weight in plants carrying Rht4, especially in heterozygotes, shows that this gene should be put emphasis on in wheat breeding programs, particularly in the development of hybrid varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Russian wheat aphid ( RWA), Diuraphis noxia ( Kurdjumov), is an important pest of small-grain cereals, particularly wheat, worldwide. The most efficient strategy against the RWA is to identify sources of resistance and to introduce them into susceptible wheat genotypes. This study was conducted to determine the mode of inheritance of the RWA resistance found in ICARDA accession IG 100695, to identify wheat microsatellite markers closely linked to the gene and to map the chromosomal location of the gene. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker scores were identified in a mapping population of 190 F2 individuals and compared, while phenotypic screening for resistance was performed in F2 : 3 families derived from a cross between ' Basribey' (susceptible) and IG 100695 (resistant). Phenotypic segregation of leaf chlorosis and rolling displayed the effect of a single dominant gene, temporarily denoted Dn100695, in IG 100695. Dn100695 was mapped on the short arm of chromosome 7D with four linked SSR markers, Xgwm44, Xcfd14, Xcfd46 and Xbarc126. Dn100695 and linked SSR markers may be useful for improving resistance for RWA in wheat breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seventeen hybrid maize genotypes were evaluated at four different locations in 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons under irrigated conditions in Turkey. The analysis of variance showed that mean squares of environments (E), genotypes (G) and GE interactions (GEI) were highly significant and accounted for 74, 7 and 19 % of treatment combination sum squares, respectively. To determine the effects of GEI on grain yield, the data were subjected to the GGE biplot analysis. Maize hybrid G16 can be proposed as reliably growing in test locations for high grain yield. Also, only the Yenisehir location could be best representative of overall locations for deciding about which experimental hybrids can be recommended for grain yield in this study. Consequently, using of grain yield per plant instead of grain yield per plot in hybrid maize breeding programs could be preferred by private companies due to some advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Testicular cancer represents 5% of urological tumours. Its incidence has been increasing during the last decades especially in the industrialised countries. Especially pure seminoma patients have been between 30 and 40 years old. At diagnosis, 1-2% of testicular tumors are bilateral. Radical orchiectomy is the gold standart for the treatment despite the performing of organ sparing surgery in selected cases for recent years. We present a case of bilateral synchronous testicular seminoma stage-IIIa in a 32-year old Turkish male who presented at our hospital with painless mass last one year. He underwent bilateral radical inguinal orchiectomy followed by four courses of BEP (bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin) chemotherapy. After the treatment, there was no recurrence or metastasis in a one-year follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three commercial varieties susceptible to powdery mildew and five high-yielding genotypes with resistance to powdery mildew from the CIMMYT were used in this study to estimate the general combining ability of parents, to detect gene actions of resistance against powdery mildew and identify the most suitable genotype for transferring resistance genes to the commercial varieties. In conclusion, monogenic inheritance was detected in the F2 generation in crosses of parent 48 with two commercial varieties, Atilla-12 and Basribey. The inheritance of parent 72 was digenic in crosses with the same commercial varieties. Parent 48 can be recommended as a parent for powdery mildew resistance and improvement of varieties towards higher spike length, spikelet and kernel numbers per spike and plant height. Parent 72 may also be used for powdery mildew resistance to develop varieties with greater plant height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five breeding lines and 4 cultivars were grown in replicated trials at 1 location in 1999-2000 and 2 locations in 2000-2001 cropping seasons in İzmir in order to determine the usefulness of a safety-first selection index in making selection among high yielding wheat genotypes for test weight and thousand-kernel weight. Genotype x environment interactions were significant for these 2 quality traits. The regression coefficient (bi) of genotypes, variance (Si²) of a genotype across environments, and a safety-first index (Ii) were calculated to evaluate the stability of genotypes for test weight and thousand-kernel weights. Wheat genotypes with lower bi values and small variance (Si²) across environments (the most stable ones) tended also to have lower means for these 2 traits. However, those genotypes with the largest value of index (Ii), which is considered desirable, were found to have the highest mean values for both test weight and thousand-kernel weight. The rank-correlation coefficient between (Ii) and (Ȳi) values was significant for thousand-kernel weight. The ranking from Ii was significantly correlated with the rankings from the stability parameters bi and Si² for test weight. The rank-correlation coefficients between bi and Si² for the 2 physical quality traits were highly significant and of similar magnitude (r = 0.983). It was concluded that a safety-first selection index can be useful in plant breeding for the improvement of wheat cultivars with enhanced stability and consistency of quality characteristics when genotype x environment interaction is present [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the oldest and most important pulse crops grown and consumed all over the world, especially in developing countries. Magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn) are essential plant nutrients in terms of human health and many health problems arise in their deficiencies. The objectives of this study were to characterize genetic variability in the seed Mg and Mn concentrations and identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with these traits in 107 Cicer reticulatum and 73 C. arietinum genotypes, using a genome wide association study. The genotypes were grown in four environments, characterized for Mg and Mn concentrations, and genotyped with 121,841 SNP markers. The population showed three-fold and two-fold variation for the Mg and Mn concentrations, respectively. The population structure was identified using STRUCTURE software, which divided 180 genotypes into two (K = 2) groups. Principal component analysis and neighbor joining tree analysis confirmed the results of STRUCTURE. A total of 4 and 16 consistent SNPs were detected for the Mg and Mn concentrations, respectively. The identified markers can be utilized in breeding of chickpea to increase Mg and Mn levels in order to improve human and livestock nutrition. • The identified SNPs for Mn and Mg could be used reliable markers in marker assisted selection to improve elevated Mg and Mn level in chickpea seeds. • The objectives of this study were to characterize genetic variability in the seed Mg and Mn concentrations and identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with these traits in 107 Cicer reticulatum and 73 C. • arietinum genotypes, using a genome wide association study. • The identified SNPs could be used reliable markers in marker assisted selection to improve elevated Mg and Mn level in chickpea seeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its high nutritional value, chickpea is one of the most important and cost-effective legumes for human diet. Nutrient elements, such as Cu, P, K have numerous essential functions for the human metabolism. In this study, association mapping of loci linked to the seed Cu, P and K concentrations were performed on a population consisting of 107 Cicer reticulatum and 73 Cicer arietinum individuals in four environments (two locations x two years). A total of 121,840 SNPs were genotyped across 180 individuals by GBS analysis. The association mapping between the SNP markers and the seed Cu, P, K concentrations were identified and eight SNPs were found to be significantly associated with variations in three nutrient elements in more than two environments This research suggests that association mapping is a useful methodology for the identification of loci controlling the Cu, P and K uptake in chickpea seeds for further association mapping, molecular breeding, and marker-assisted selection and plant breeding studies and provides a broader understanding of the relationship between the investigated Cicer species and the effects of environmental conditions. • Association mapping was carrid out in two relative species. • We found same SNP for same traits in two locations and two years [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the most important food legume crops consumed by human beings and can be used to counteract specific dietary deficiencies. Protein, lutein, vitamin C, and fructose are among the important nutritional value components of chickpea. The objectives of this study were to determine genetic variation in the concentrations of nutritional value components in the seeds of cultivated Cicer arietinum and its wild progenitor Cicer reticulatum Ladiz. and detect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with these concentrations. A representative population of 180 Cicer genotypes from the two species was evaluated in two locations in Turkey in 2 yr, and the population was genotyped using 121,840 SNP markers obtained using the genotyping‐by‐sequencing analysis. The associations between the nutritional value components and loci were investigated in TASSEL software using the mixed linear model method through three different analyses. A considerable SNP stability was observed between the different year–site replicates, and 29, 10, 14, and 4 SNPs were significantly associated with protein, lutein, vitamin C, and fructose, respectively. This study provides an understanding of the genetic basis of variability in the seed concentrations of nutritional value components in chickpea. The identified markers can be used for marker‐assisted selection to improve the nutritional value components of chickpea in biofortification programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought is one of the most significant phenomenon that limits crop production in all around the world. Breeding drought resistant varieties is a key strategy for future agriculture production. Since global climate change has been already leading to increase frequency of drought events, limited time for breeding new varieties, more effective indirect selection techniques and useful traits for drought tolerance have received more attention. For these aspects, our study was aimed to determine drought sensitivity of maize plants by monitoring canopy temperature depression (CTD) and leaf water status. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted with 80 maize (Zea mays L. Indentata) inbred lines under well-watered and short-term drought conditions during V7-9 growth stage. Plants were subjected to stress conditions for 15 day by withholding irrigation. CTD, SPAD values, leaf and soil water status was regularly monitored during stress period. The results showed that drought stress had a significant effect on CTD for all genotypes. The mean CTD values of all 80 genotypes under well-watered and drought conditions were 8.59 and 9.74 respectively. Drought treatment caused significant decrease in SPAD values of all lines. The average SPAD values at the end of the drought treatment (15th day) were 40.7 and 44.6 under well-watered and drought conditions respectively. However, no significant variation was observed between the mean values of relative water content of leaves under well-watered (83.9 %) and drought (84.3 %) conditions. Beside above given overview of the general results, response of individual inbred lines to gradually decrease in soil water content was evaluated using with regression line and its slops of the recorded physiological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chickpea is the second most important and ancient pulse crop with its use in human diet for approximately 7500 years as one of the Neolithic founder crops. Previous studies on chickpea have predominantly focused on agronomic traits, with only limited research being dedicated to developing micronutrient-rich crops over the last half century. The objectives of this study were to identify genetic variation and population structure of Cicer reticulatum (C. reticulatum) and Cicer arietinum (C. arietinum) species and reveal marker-trait associations of seed molybdenum (Mo) and selenium (Se) concentrations in seeds by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In this study, a population of 180 individuals including 107 wild (C. reticulatum) and 73 cultivated (C. arietinum) Cicer species was used in two different locations for 2 years, and 121,840 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were identified across eight chromosomes through genotyping by sequencing (GBS) analysis. GWAS was performed for 180 individuals and alternatively two subpopulations separately, and 16 SNP markers were found significantly associated with seed Mo and Se concentrations, consistently among the four environments. The results demonstrated the high potential of GWAS mapping in revealing markers associated with Mo and Se micronutrients for wild (C. reticulatum) and cultivated (C. arietinum) species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]