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An oriented nanograss array consisting of CuCo2S4 nanocrystallines was directly prepared on Ni foam by a hydrothermal method. The uniform arrays with a single blade diameter of ∼100 nm and length of ∼4 μm can grow tightly on Ni foam without any binders. The ordered one-dimensional structure facilitates the electron transport to Ni substrates along the axial direction. The electrochemical properties were presented in three- and two-electrode configurations, demonstrating an enhanced specific capacitance and a long-term cycling stability. As a practical all-solid-state device, it achieved a high energy density of 31.88 W h kg−1 at a power density of 3.20 kW kg−1. Even at a higher power density of 15.23 W h kg−1, the device still had an energy density of 16.5 kW kg−1. After 5000 cycles, the retention ratio was higher than 99% at high current density of 11.36 A g−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate efficacy and safety of LixiLan (iGlarLixi), a novel titratable fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine (iGlar) and lixisenatide (Lixi), compared with both components, iGlar and Lixi, given separately in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin with or without a second oral glucose-lowering drug.Research Design and Methods: After a 4-week run-in to optimize metformin and stop other oral antidiabetic drugs, participants (N = 1,170, mean diabetes duration ∼8.8 years, BMI ∼31.7 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to open-label once-daily iGlarLixi or iGlar, both titrated to fasting plasma glucose <100 mg/dL (<5.6 mmol/L) up to a maximum insulin dose of 60 units/day, or to once-daily Lixi (20 μg/day) while continuing with metformin. The primary outcome was HbA1c change at 30 weeks.Results: Greater reductions in HbA1c from baseline (8.1% [65 mmol/mol]) were achieved with iGlarLixi compared with iGlar and Lixi (-1.6%, -1.3%, -0.9%, respectively), reaching mean final HbA1c levels of 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) for iGlarLixi versus 6.8% (51 mmol/mol) and 7.3% (56 mmol/mol) for iGlar and Lixi, respectively (both P < 0.0001). More subjects reached target HbA1c <7% with iGlarLixi (74%) versus iGlar (59%) or Lixi (33%) (P < 0.0001 for all). Mean body weight decreased with iGlarLixi (-0.3 kg) and Lixi (-2.3 kg) and increased with iGlar (+1.1 kg, difference 1.4 kg, P < 0.0001). Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (≤70 mg/dL) was similar with iGlarLixi and iGlar (1.4 and 1.2 events/patient-year) and lower with Lixi (0.3 events/patient-year). iGlarLixi improved postprandial glycemic control versus iGlar and demonstrated considerably fewer nausea (9.6%) and vomiting (3.2%) events than Lixi (24% and 6.4%, respectively).Conclusions: iGlarLixi complemented iGlar and Lixi effects to achieve meaningful HbA1c reductions, close to near normoglycemia without increases in either hypoglycemia or weight, compared with iGlar, and had low gastrointestinal adverse effects compared with Lixi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of LixiLan, a fixed-ratio, titratable, combination of 2 units insulin glargine (Gla-100) and 1 μg lixisenatide administered once daily via a single pen, versus Gla-100 in insulin-naïve type 2 diabetes on metformin.Research Design and Methods: Participants were randomized to once-daily LixiLan (n = 161) or Gla-100 (n = 162) for 24 weeks, while continuing metformin. LixiLan and Gla-100 were started at 10 units/5 μg and 10 units, respectively, and titrated based on the Gla-100 requirement according to fasting plasma glucose levels. The primary objective was to test noninferiority (upper bound of the 95% CI ≤0.4%) of LixiLan in reducing HbA1c; if met, statistical superiority was tested. Secondary objectives included body weight changes, hypoglycemia, and safety.Results: Baseline characteristics (mean age 57 years, diabetes duration 6-7 years, BMI 32 kg/m(2)) were similar between groups. At week 24, mean HbA1c was reduced from 8.0% (64 mmol/mol) at baseline to 6.3% (45 mmol/mol) and 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) with LixiLan and Gla-100, respectively, establishing statistical noninferiority and superiority of LixiLan (least-squared mean [95% CI] difference: -0.17% [-0.31, -0.04] {-1.9 mmol/mol [-3.4, -0.4]}; P = 0.01). HbA1c <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol) was achieved in 84% and 78% of participants (nonsignificant), respectively. LixiLan improved 2-h postmeal plasma glucose versus Gla-100 (least-squared mean difference: -3.17 mmol/L [-57 mg/dL]; P < 0.0001). Body weight was reduced with LixiLan (-1 kg) and increased with Gla-100 (+0.5 kg; P < 0.0001), with no increase in hypoglycemic events (∼25% in each group). The incidence of nausea (7.5%) and vomiting (2.5%) was low with LixiLan.Conclusions: LixiLan achieved statistically significant reductions to near-normal HbA1c levels with weight loss and no increased hypoglycemic risk, compared with insulin glargine alone, and a low incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To assess efficacy and safety of lixisenatide once-daily versus placebo in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients inadequately controlled on sulfonylurea (SU) ± metformin. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, two-arm, parallel-group, multicenter study, patients received lixisenatide 20 μg once-daily or placebo for 24 weeks in a stepwise dose increase on top of SUs ± metformin. Primary outcome was change in HbA1c from baseline to Week 24. Results: Lixisenatide provided a significant reduction in HbA1c at Week 24 versus placebo (LS mean: −0.85% vs. −0.10%; p b 0.0001) and more patients achieved HbA1c b7.0% (36.4% vs. 13.5%; p b 0.0001). Lixisenatide significantly lowered FPG and body weight versus placebo. In breakfast meal test patients, lixisenatide reduced 2-hour PPG versus placebo (LS mean: −111.48 vs. −3.80 mg/dL [−6.19 vs. −0.21 mmol/L]; p b0.0001) and glucose excursion (−94.11 vs.+6.24 mg/dL [−5.22 vs.+0.35 mmol/L]), and reduced 2-hour glucagon, insulin, proinsulin, and C-peptide. The percentage of AEs was 68.3% for lixisenatide and 61.1% for placebo; and for SAEs: 3.5% versus 5.6%, respectively. Lixisenatide did not significantly increase symptomatic hypoglycemia versus placebo (15.3% vs. 12.3%, respectively); one severe episode of hypoglycemia was reported with lixisenatide. Conclusions: Once-daily lixisenatide significantly improved glycemic control, with a pronounced postprandial effect, without significant increase in symptomatic/severe hypoglycemia risk and with weight loss over 24 weeks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Honeycomb-like nickel cobalt sulfide (NiCo2S4) nanosheets were directly deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate by a rapid voltammetric deposition method. The method was also controllable and feasible for preparing NiCo2S4 on flexible Ti foil without any heating processes. Compared with Pt, CoS and NiS, NiCo2S4 exhibited low charge-transfer resistances and excellent electrocatalytic activity for reduction, acting as a counter electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell. The NiCo2S4-based solar cell showed higher power conversion efficiency (7.44%) than that of Pt-based solar cell (7.09%) under simulated illumination (AM 1.5 G, 100 mW cm−2). The device based on the flexible NiCo2S4/Ti foil achieved a power conversion efficiency of 5.28% under the above illumination conditions. This work can be extended to flexible and wearable technologies due to its facile technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]