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Background: Happiness is among the fundamental concepts in mental health that have an impact on different aspects of university students. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of happiness among university students in Vietnam and to identify the factors influencing happiness. Design and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on undergraduate students in 8 universities and colleges in Hanoi, Vietnam. Happiness was measured using the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), and we used imputed Poisson regression to evaluate associations between happiness and associated factors. Results: Among 9120 participants students (95.1% response rate), the prevalence of "happier group" was 80.9% (95% CI: 80.1–81.7). In the multivariable regression models, factors associated with being "less happy" on SHS were the perceived financial burden, year in university, academic motivation profile, and self-reported depression and anxiety. Conclusions: University healthcare providers should pay attention to these associated factors while designing mental health care programs to promote happiness among university students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, cassava starch oxidized by the electrolysis was used as an edible coating to improve the shelf life of banana fruits. The effects of coating in solutions of electrolyzed starch with 1, 2 and 3% (w/v) gelatin and without gelatin addition on respiratory rate and biochemical properties of banana during 8 days of storage at room temperature (75-80% relative humidity) were evaluated. The micrographs of scanning electron microscopy showed very thin coating layers (<25.2 mm) with continuous network topology and no cracks. During the storage period, a significant reduction in respiration rate and weight loss of coated bananas compared to uncoated fruits was noted. Furthermore, the change in titratable acidity and contents of soluble solids, total carbohydrates and reducing sugars of coated bananas were slower. Increasing the gelatin content in the coating had a beneficial effect on delaying the ripening of bananas. The oxidized starch coating formulation with 3% (w/v) of gelatin demonstrated the highest efficiency as it delayed the respiratory peak 4 days more than in the uncoated bananas. This study results suggest that electrolyzed starch-gelatin coating could be a potential material to extend the shelf life of fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an adaptive fuzzy proportional integral sliding mode control (AFPISMC) for two-tank interacting system (TTIS). In order to maintain the desired liquid level of the TTIS and meet the reference values for attenuated chattering problems, this paper proposes a combination of a sliding mode control (SMC) with a proportional integral (PI) sliding surface and a fuzzy inference system. Fuzzy logic and the universal approximation theorem of fuzzy systems are used to approximate the uncertain function in the PISMC. The stability of the control system is proved by the Lyapunov theory. The simulation results of the proposed method in MATLAB/Simulink were compared to a fuzzy control, a sliding mode control with conditional integrals, a fuzzy-PID control, and a conventional PID control. The comparison results showed that the proposed controller was most effective when the rising time reached 0.2375 s, the percent of overshoot was 0%, the steady state error converged to zero, the settling time was 0.4612 s, and chattering was reduced. INSET: 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multiscale modeling of the anisotropic slip phenomenon for gas flows is presented in a tree-step approach: determination of the gas-wall potential, simulation and modeling of the gas-wall collisions, simulation and modeling of the anisotropic slip effects. The density functional theory (DFT) is used to examine the interaction between the Pt-Ar gas-wall couple. This potential is then passed into molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of beam scattering experiments in order to calculate accommodation coefficients. These coefficients enter in an effective gas-wall interaction model, which is the base of efficient MD simulations of gas flows between anisotropic sui faces. The slip effects are quantified numerically and compared with simplified theoretical models derived in this paper. The paper demonstrates that the DFT potential is in good agreement withempirical potentials and that an extension of the Maxwell model candescribe anisotropic slip effects due to surface roughness, provided that rvw tangential accommodation parameters are introduced. MD data show excellent agreement with the tensorial slip theory, except at large Kundsen numbers (for example, Kn ≃0.2) and with an analytical expression which predicts the ratio between transverse and longitudinal slip velocity components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, carbon-coated magnetic nanocomposite fabricated by a lowtemperature hydrothermal method was used for methylene blue and arsenate treatment in aqueous solution. The Langmuir model fits the experimental data with a calculated maximum adsorption capacity of 110.63 and 2.31 mg g-1 for methylene blue and arsenate adsorption, respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanisms of methylene blue as well as arsenate are physical adsorption and a combination of physical adsorption and chemisorption, respectively. Gibbs energy change with negative values indicates that methylene blue and arsenate adsorption on magnetic materials occurs naturally. This research demonstrated a simple, efficient, and reliable method for removing methylene blue and arsenate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the influence of platinum (100) surface morphology on the tangential-momentum accommodation coefficient with argon using a molecular dynamics method. The coefficient is computed directly by beaming Ar atoms onto the surfaces and measuring the relative momentum changes. The wall is maintained at a constant temperature and its interaction with the gas atoms is governed by the Kulginov potential. To capture correctly the surface effect of the walls and the atoms' trajectories, the quantum Sutton-Chen multibody potential is employed between the Pt atoms. The effects of wall surface morphology, incident direction, and temperature are considered in this work and provide full information on the gas-wall interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current limitation of ancient DNA data from Vietnam led to the controversy surrounding the prehistory of people in this region. The combination of high heat and humidity damaged ancient bones that challenged the study of human evolution, especially when using DNA as study materials. So far, only 4 k years of history have been recorded despite the 65 k years of history of anatomically modern human occupations in Vietnam. Here we report, to our knowledge, the oldest mitogenomes of two hunter-gatherers from Vietnam. We extracted DNA from the femurs of two individuals aged 6.2 k cal BP from the Con Co Ngua (CCN) site in Thanh Hoa, Vietnam. This archeological site is the largest cemetery of the hunter-gatherer population in Southeast Asia (SEA) that was discovered, but their genetics have not been explored until the present. We indicated that the CCN haplotype belongs to a rare haplogroup that was not detected in any present-day Vietnamese individuals. Further matrilineal analysis on CCN mitogenomes showed a close relationship with ancient farmers and present-day populations in SEA. The mitogenomes of hunter-gatherers from Vietnam debate the "two layers" model of peopling history in SEA and provide an alternative solution for studying challenging ancient human samples from Vietnam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is common in severe fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) and has a high mortality rate (20–50%) due to irreversible cerebral edema or sepsis. Stem cell-based treatment has emerged as a promising alternative therapeutic strategy to prolong the survival of patients suffering from FHF via the inhibition of SIRS due to their immunomodulatory effects. Methods: 3D spheroids of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (3D-ADSC) were prepared by the hanging drop method. The efficacy of the 3D-ADSC to rescue FHF was evaluated in a d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (GalN/LPS)-induced mouse model of FHF via intraportal transplantation of the spheroids. Results: Intraportally delivered 3D-ADSC better engrafted and localized into the damaged livers compared to 2D-cultured adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2D-ADSC). Transplantation of 3D-ADSC rescued 50% of mice from FHF-induced lethality, whereas only 20% of mice survived when 2D-ADSC were transplanted. The improved transplantation outcomes correlated with the enhanced immunomodulatory effect of 3D-ADSC in the liver microenvironment. Conclusion: The study shows that the transplantation of optimized 3D-ADSC can efficiently ameliorate GalN/LPS-induced FHF due to improved viability, resistance to exogenous ROS, and enhanced immunomodulatory effects of 3D-ADSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]