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Diapause is a vital survival strategy for insects, enabling them to conserve energy and endure adverse conditions. Understanding how diapause affects insect phenology and population dynamics is crucial for the effective management of insect pests. Predictive pest phenological models can be invaluable tools for providing essential information to support management strategies. This study presents a modelling framework to incorporate diapause into phenological models when biological information on variables regulating and functions describing diapause induction and termination are lacking or limited. In our framework, insect phenology is divided into a set of phases characterized by specific events (diapause induction and termination) and processes (development of diapausing and post‐diapausing biological stages). The phenology is simulated by a stage‐structured model based on the Kolmogorov equation, and the temperature‐dependent development rate functions are described by the Brière functional form. Our modelling framework was tested on a case study involving the prediction of the phenology of the codling moth, (Cydia pomonella L. 1758). Model calibration and validation were performed using four time‐series adult trap catch data collected in the Emilia Romagna Region from 2021 to 2023. The calibration procedure allowed obtaining realistic parameters related to the temperature threshold triggering diapause termination and the development rate function of post‐diapausing larvae and pupae. Model validation proved successful in simulating both the initial emergence and the overall phenological patterns of adults across the three observed generations. The methodological framework proposed here aims to facilitate the introduction of diapause in phenological models improving also their predictive abilities. The model may serve as an accurate and knowledge‐based tool for planning and implementing pest monitoring and control actions based on the realistic predictions provided by the model on the phenological status of the pest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fasciolosis is a parasitosis of great importance for livestock, as well as for public health, as it is considered by the WHO as a neglected disease. Disease control is complex and reinfections make the use of therapeutic products an unsustainable method from an economic, environmental and health point of view. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new vaccine formulation for dairy cattle, containing soluble Fasciola hepatica antigens associated with Montanide 763 AVG and saponin adjuvants (FhSAMS). The vaccine was tested with two protocols, a single dose and a booster dose 6 months after the first dose. The FhSAMS vaccine proved to be safe, with no side effects. Furthermore, it was able to generate a more robust humoral immune response when a six‐month booster dose was used, in addition to stimulating greater production of IFN‐ʏ, indicating a Th1 profile immune stimulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spectrum of enzymes required for complete lignocellulosic waste hydrolysis is too diverse to be secreted by a single organism. An alternative is to employ fungal co-cultures to obtain more diverse and complete enzymatic cocktails without the need to mix enzymes during downstream processing. This study evaluated the co-cultivation of Aspergillus brasiliensis and Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 in different conditions using sugarcane bagasse as the carbon source. The resulting enzymatic cocktails were characterized according to the impact of strain inoculation time on enzymatic activities and proteome composition. Data revealed that the profile of each enzymatic extract was highly dependent on the order in which the participating fungi were inoculated. Some of the co-cultures exhibited higher enzyme activities compared to their respective monocultures for enzymes such as CMCase, pectinase, β-glucosidase, and β-xylosidase. Analysis of the T. reesei RUT-C30 and A. brasiliensis co-culture secretome resulted in the identification of 167 proteins, with 78 from T. reesei and 89 from A. brasiliensis. In agreement with the enzymatic results, proteome analysis also revealed that the timing of inoculation greatly influences the overall secretome, with a predominance of T. reesei RUT-C30 proteins when first inoculated or in simultaneous inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The niobium-based nanocomposite (Nb-CP), inspired by MOF-based synthesis, was developed utilizing the ligands 4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (BDC) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC). This material was decorated with bimetallic nanoparticles (Ni 2 /Pt 8 NPs-Nb-CP) and applied for the first time for hydrogen evolution from sodium borohydride (NaBH 4). Characterization results indicated successful synthesis. The FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups such as -C-H, –C O, and -O-H from ligands in the composite. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the thermal stability of the niobium composite (Nb-CP). Through X-ray diffraction (XRD), peaks associated with sodium niobate were detected. Additionally, the material was functionalized with bimetallic Ni/Pt nanoparticles, whose presence was also identified by XRD. The cubic morphology of the material was observed, with the decoration of bimetallic nanoparticles (Ni 2 /Pt 8 NPs-Nb-CP) with an average size of 7.80 ± 0.10 nm, uniformly distributed in Nb-CP. The catalytic performance of the material was evaluated in hydrogen evolution from NaBH 4. Various reaction parameters were investigated, such as nanoparticle composition, variation in NaBH 4 concentration, catalyst dose, NaOH concentration, and temperature. Remarkably, the material exhibited a hydrogen generation rate (HGR) of 1782 mL min−1 g−1 cat and an activation energy of 23.1 kJ mol−1. Furthermore, it demonstrated efficiency close to 100% over 16 consecutive reaction cycles, indicating its promising stability and reusability. This study highlights the potential of Ni 2 /Pt 8 NPs-Nb-CP as an efficient and durable catalyst for hydrogen production through borohydride hydrolysis, providing insights into the design and application of advanced heterogeneous catalytic materials. [Display omitted] • Ni/Pt nanoparticles were decorated in a novel niobium-based composite. • The material synthesis was inspired by Metal Organic Framework (MOF) synthesis. • The material was employed in NaBH 4 hydrolysis, yielding an HGR of 1782 mL min−1 g−1 cat. • H 2 evolution exhibits an activation energy of 23.1 kJ mol−1. • The material was reused in up to 16 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed a reaction–diffusion model to describe the spatio-temporal dynamics of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica Newman), based on adult abundance data collected by the Regional Phytosanitary Service during the monitoring activities in the infested area in Lombardy (northern Italy), from 2015 to 2021. The model simulated the abundance of the pest, with a discrete time step of one year along linear trajectories departing from an initial point of establishment. The model allowed the determination of the rate of expansion (i.e. the speed at which the leading edge of a population wave moves over time) of the pest along 13 different trajectories, ranging from 4.5 to 13.8 km/y, with a mean value of 8.2 km/y. Finally, we developed a land suitability index that summarises the effect of land use on the trajectory-specific rate of expansion of P. japonica. Specifically, the model revealed an increase in the rate of expansion of 260 m per year for each additional percentage point in the land suitability index. The model presented and the knowledge acquired in this work represent an important step forward in the comprehension of P. japonica population dynamics, and they represent important elements for the development of a decision support tool for pest risk managers to design and implement scientifically driven management actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A critical element of a counselor's work is their ability to make sound decisions when facing ethical and legal issues. Yet, limited measures exist to understand actions/processes used to inform ethical and legal decision-making in counseling. We developed and tested the Frequency of Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Scale (FELICS), a measure to capture data on the rate counselors face ethical and legal issues. A sample of 369 counselors completed the FELICS. Findings from an exploratory factor analysis provided initial evidence for the validity and reliability of the measure. We discuss the implications of our findings and recommendations for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass, due to its neutrality in terms of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere during its life cycle, is considered an interesting renewable source for energy production as an alternative to the use of more polluting fossil fuels. Among the different wood fuels, pellets are convenient for use in dedicated stoves, and pellet heating systems have a high energy efficiency. The aim of this work was to estimate the economic and global warming potential (GWP100a) generated along the thermal energy supply chain of wood pellets, starting from the production of raw biomass from dedicated poplar cultivations and ending with the use of pellets in stoves by the end-user to produce thermal energy and ash. The Eco-Efficiency Indicator (EEI) was used to link the economic and environmental performance for eight proposed scenarios, obtained by combining different levels of mechanisation for poplar harvesting and wood biomass management before arrival at the pellet plant. For the thermal energy produced by the poplar wood pellet, the GWP100a ranged from 1.5 × 10−2 to 2.1 × 10−2 kg CO2−eq MJ−1 for three-year-old plantations and from 1.9 × 10−2 to 2.4 × 10−2 kg CO2−eq MJ−1, for six-year-old plantations. In terms of eco-efficiency of the baseline scenario (EEIb), the most favourable scenarios remain those linked to the use of biomass from three-year-old poplar plantations, with EEIb values ranging from 0.31 to 0.60 € kgCO2−eq−1, compared to from 0.29 to 0.36 € kgCO2−eq−1 for pellets obtained from biomass produced from six-year-old poplar plantations. In terms of the Global Eco-Efficiency Indicator (EEIg), which also takes into account the positive effect on the reduction of greenhouse gases due to the storage of carbon in the soil by the plantations and the reduction of emissions from avoided fossil fuels, the most favourable scenarios remain those linked to the use of biomass from three-year-old poplar plantations, with EEIg values that vary in the range of 0.60 ÷ 1.04 € kgCO2−eq−1, compared to 0.55 ÷ 0.62 € kg CO2−eq−1 for thermal energy obtained using biomass from six-year-old poplar plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reconfiguration of electrical distribution systems has been addressed in numerous scientific studies. Thus, several techniques and models are considered, especially to reduce electrical losses and improve the voltage profile. However, it is clear that even with the increase in research, which has been accentuated since the last decade, the locational pricing and the transmission costs allocation is little explored. In this regard, the proposed method is a distribution system reconfiguration (DSR) optimization problem focused on minimizing the use of the transmission system. In order to validate the meta‐heuristic employed for the DSR, the IEEE 33 and 69 node test systems are used as a proof of concept. In addition, case studies with four substations, three different transmission cost allocation techniques, and transmission system capacity scenarios are analyzed. Numerical results showed an important transmission expansion deferral with consequent decrease in overall costs compared to the classic DSR. The transmission network use of system (TNUoS) charges can play a crucial role in reducing the total cost of the electrical system, promoting distributors to change their feeder patterns so that a larger share of loads access substations with lower charges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines migrant homesharing programs in Italy through a dwelling lens, which seeks to understand how homesharing transcends the home and provides new opportunities for migrants to build a life as more than temporary guests. Homesharing is a growing reception practice across the Global North, and it sees residents house migrants in their own homes. We start from a critique of hospitality as the primary organizing framework through which homesharing is designed and implemented. We then put forth dwelling, as an alternative lens to hospitality, which imagines a wider array of relationships to and across space. We draw from ethnographic research in Turin, Bologna, and Florence, Italy, to showcase how migrants, residents, and practitioners engaged in homesharing are already thinking beyond guest–host dichotomies, and prioritizing ways of doing cohabitation that go beyond hospitality. If hospitality indicates the conditionality of being hosted, maintaining the power relations between the host and the guest, dwelling concerns the process by which the conditionality and impermanence of hospitality are eroded, asserting the right of migrants to be more than guests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer liver metastasis (PCLM), seen in upwards of 25% of metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC) patients, is the most lethal site of mCRPC with a median overall survival of 10–14 months. Despite its ominous prognosis and anticipated rise in incidence due to longer survival with contemporary therapy, PCLM is understudied. This review aims to summarize the existing literature regarding the risk factors associated with the development of PCLM, and to identify areas warranting further research. A literature search was conducted through Ovid MEDLINE from 2000 to March 2023. Relevant subject headings and text words were used to capture the following concepts: "Prostatic Neoplasms", "Liver Neoplasms", and "Neoplasm Metastasis". Citation searching identified additional manuscripts. Forty-one studies were retained for detailed analysis. The clinical risk factors for visceral/liver metastasis included <70 years, ≥T3 tumor, N1 nodal stage, de novo metastasis, PSA >20 ng/mL, and a Gleason score >8. Additional risk factors comprised elevated serum AST, LDH or ALP, decreased Hb, genetic markers like RB1 and PTEN loss, PIK3CB and MYC amplification, as well as numerous PC treatments either acting directly or indirectly through inducing liver injury. Further research regarding predictive factors, early detection strategies, and targeted therapies for PCLM are critical for improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the financial, energy and emission levels associated with alternative harvesting prescriptions, techniques, and technologies is crucial to sustainable forest management. This study aims at developing an overall predictive system able to estimate productivity, fuel consumption and emissions for a set of different forest harvesting technologies as a function of stand characteristics, site conditions and silvicultural prescriptions. The system consists of two separate group of models, one for felling and processing, and the other for extraction. In the first model, six quantitative (DBH, tree volume, harvest, engine power, purchase price of the machine) and five qualitative independent variables (forest species, management, treatment, operation, type of machine, type of fuel) were considered. In the second model, four qualitative and six quantitative independent variables were applied. Both models have been trained on a large database of real field data using linear and nonlinear approaches based on artificial intelligence. The dataset was randomly separated into two subsets, one using for training the models and the other for validating them. The models reliably predicted fuel consumption (r = 0.84–0.95), energy emission and cost (r = 0.88–0.98), per hour and per hectare, and they were successfully validated. Despite being estimated from a heterogeneous input dataset, constituted by quantitative and qualitative variables, both models proved to be efficient, robust and generally representative. The input variables are intuitive and suitable for practical use by both entrepreneurs and policy makers at the institutional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrolytic paste (EP) from used batteries was innovatively utilized as a support for Ni–Co nanoparticles (Ni–Co NPs) to catalyze hydrogen evolution from NaBH 4. The materials exhibited a porous and heterogeneous morphology, characterized by a ZnMn 2 O 4 interplanar distance of 0.34 nm, as confirmed by SAED analysis. Elemental analysis identified carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sulfur, while ICP-MS quantified zinc, manganese, and iron. XRD unveiled an amorphous broad peak at 2θ = 13.3–39.8°, with additional phases identified as ZnO, graphite, simonkolleite, manganese oxides, and hetaerolite. Raman spectroscopy showcased characteristic bands typical of carbonaceous materials. FTIR detected functional groups alongside Ni–O, Co–O, and Zn–O bonds. Various Ni/Co ratios were assessed, and the 25:75 and 20:80 (w/w) ratios showed optimal performance, yielding hydrogen at rates of 238.1 and 278.0 mL H 2 g catalyst −1 min−1, respectively. The determined activation energy was 32.76 kJ mol−1. The turnover frequency reached 1823.93 mL H 2 g catalyst −1 min−1 (328.15 K), and the catalyst exhibited satisfactory performance over 16 reuse cycles. [Display omitted] • Recovery of electrolytic paste (EP) from spent Zn–C batteries. • EP decorated with bimetallic Ni–Co (8:2) nanoparticles (NPs). • Hydrogen evolution from NaBH 4 catalyzed by Ni–Co NPs (8:2)/EP. • Ni–Co NPs (8:2)/EP can be reused up to 16 cycles. • The maximum turnover frequency was 1617.34H 2 g catal −1 min−1 (55 °C). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Congenital myotonia is a genetic neuromuscular disorder characterized by delayed relaxation of the musculature following a strong contraction. Variants in the skeletal muscle chloride channel 1 gene (CLCN1) have been linked to this disorder across several species. The CLCN1_c.1775A>C, an autosomal recessive variant, was identified as a potential causative factor for congenital myotonia in New Forest Pony. While the CLCN1_c.1775A>C variant has been studied in different breeds of horses, it remains unexplored in Brazilian Quarter Horses. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of the CLCN1_c.1775A>C variant among Brazilian Quarter Horses across various disciplines. Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, 96 DNA samples were obtained from athletic Brazilian Quarter Horses representing various disciplines, 24 each from cutting, reining, barrel racing, and bull-cacthing ("vaquejada"). DNA viability was assessed via PCR targeting the ß-actin gene. Subsequently, a previously described set of specific primers was employed to amplify the region encompassing the CLCN1_c.1775A>C variant. The resulting purified PCR products underwent Sanger direct sequencing, and their electropherograms were analyzed. Notably, none of the horses in this cohort were found to carry the CLCN1_c.1775A>C variant. The inbreeding coefficient (F) was calculated using pedigree data sourced from the 96 Quarter Horses according to Brazilian Quarter Horse Breeders Association records encompassing 4 generations. The average F value for the entire cohort was found to be 0.2%. However, when assessed across disciplines, the average F values varied, with cutting at 0.002 (0.2%), reining at 0.003 (0.3%), barrel racing at 0.0008 (0.08%), and bull-cacthing at 0.001 (0.1%), respectively. Notably, within this cohort, 48 horses were identified as inbred, exhibiting an average F of 1.5%. Discussion: Genetic variants associated with conditions such as hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, myosin heavy chain myopathy, and polysaccharide storage myopathy type 1 have been previously documented in Quarter Horses globally, including Brazil. However, as in the present study, the CLCN1 c.1775A>C variant was also not detected in American Quarter Horses affected by muscular disorders. Although this variant has been implicated as the cause of congenital myotonia in a New Forest pony, its correlation with cases of congenital myotonia in Quarter Horses has not been established yet. Although the inbreeding coefficient and the prevalence of endogamous horses observed in this study were lower compared to findings in other studies, the presence of inbreeding and shared ancestors within Quarter Horses lineages was evident. High rates of inbreeding may disseminate undesirable genetic variants, since popular stallions may improve the athletic performance of its progenies but also may transmit alleles with pathogenic variants, as seen in other genetic disorders in horses. Differently, since it was not observed in this group of evaluated Quarter Horses nor in other previous studies, it may be that the CLCN1 c.1775A>C is a 'de novo' variant related strictly to congenital myotonia in the New Forest pony. Nevertheless, it is imperative to highlight the potential for congenital myotonia to inflict significant harm upon horses. Investigations into new cases are essential to establish both clinical and etiological diagnoses, thereby enabling the assessment of the requisite preventive measures against this disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of the long history of anti-drug policing in the United States and the criminalization of substance use, clients who use substances are vulnerable to direct and vicarious experiences of police violence. Consequently, those who use substances may face a greater risk of experiencing symptoms of trauma that counselors should address in treatment. We recommend the use of a trauma-informed and abolitionist praxis in clinical and social justice practices as a framework to support clients who use substances and have histories of exposure to police violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the relationship between forgiveness and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a sample of individuals who experienced a drug‐related death of a loved one (n = 292). Findings indicated that self‐forgiveness is strongly correlated with PTG. Study implications and limitations are also reviewed and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is an invasive pest threatening crop production and food security worldwide. High concerns are linked to the potential establishment of the species in Europe. The high migratory capacity of S. frugiperda causes concerns about the potential impacts of transient populations invading new areas from suitable hotspots. In the present work, we developed and used a physiologically-based demographic model to quantitatively assess the risks of S. frugiperda in Europe. The risks were assessed considering a best-, a median-, and a worst-case scenario. The Mediterranean coastal areas of Southern Europe resulted particularly suitable for the establishment of the species, with suitable areas reaching even higher latitudes, in the worst-case scenario. In Europe, up to four generations per year were predicted. The predicted yearly average number of moths per trap per week (± standard deviation) was 5 (± 4), 17 (± 5), and 139 (± 22) in the best, median-, and worst-case assessment scenarios, respectively. Model results showed that Southern and Central Europe up to the 48th parallel north might be exposed to the risk of transient populations. Depending on the latitude and on the period of arrival of the propagule, 1–2 transient generations per year might be expected. The model can be used to define strategies for reducing the risks of establishment of the pest at the country level. Predictions on the dynamics and phenology of the pest can also be used to support its management at the local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This work studied the occurrence, density, and diversity of yeast species associated with the leaves and fruits of Sabicea brasiliensis and Anacardium humile. Methods: Fragments of leaves and fruits were subjected to maceration and placed under agitation in peptone water. One hundred µL aliquots of each of the decimal dilutions were plated on YM chloramphenicol agar medium. The different morphotypes were identified through sequence analysis of the 26S rDNA. Results: A total of 83 yeast isolates were recovered from the organs sampled, 40 from fruits and 19 from the leaves of S. brasiliensis, while 14 were recovered from fruits and 10 from the leaves of A. humile. The isolates were identified as belonging to two phyla, six classes, eight orders, and eight families. Most isolates, at 71 (84.3%), belong to Ascomycota, with Saccharomycetes dominant in fruits and Dothideomycetes in leaves. The remaining 12 (15.7%) isolates belong to the phylum Basidiomycota. The most frequent genera were Aureobasidium, Candida, Rhodotorula, and Wickerhamiella. The Wickerhamiella isolates made possible the subsequent description of a new species within this genus. Conclusions: Our data reveal the yeast species that inhabit different Cerrado plant organs and indicate that these hosts can be considered an important habitat for yeast diversity, including new and/or previously unreported species in this biome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The general objective of this research is to present a framework aimed at structuring the operation of the RLS - Reverse Logistics System in the context of the post-consumer solid waste of products electrical and electronics segment in Brazil. Design/Methodology/Approach: Exploratory research qualitative, operationalized through individual interviews with a semi-structured approach, with fourteen respondents, in addition to documentary research. Findings: The cost for the operation of this structure must also be treated as a critical point for the success of this system, mainly due to the lack of a vision focused on the circular economy of EEE - Electrical Equipment and Electronics. Implications for theory and practice: The study addressed some research gaps in relation to postconsumer reverse logistics. Regarding practical implementations, the development of a framework for the operacionalization of RLS stands out, and the evidence of this research concerns the lack of alignment, on the part of manufacturers and importers on issues related to EEE reverse logistics issues. Originality/Value: An emphasis on an advanced view of how to treat the solid waste consumer electronics segment (EEE) in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated the effects of isoforms of ammonium transporters (AMT) and amino acid transporters (AAT) on three rice varieties cultivated with different levels of ammonium (NH4+) and its biochemical responses. The rice varieties used were IAC-47 (improved), Manteiga and Piauí (landraces), cultivated under 0.2 mM NH4+ (low N, LN), 1 mM NH4+ (sufficient N, SN) or resupply with 1 mM of NH4+ after three days without nitrogen (N). When cultivated with LN, the Piauí variety presented a higher expression of AAT (Lysine-Histidine Transporter 4 (OsLHT4) and GABA Transporters (OsGAT1)) in roots, while Manteiga and IAC-47 presented higher expression of the Amino Acid Permease 1 (OsAAP1) and Ammonium Transporter 1.1 (OsAMT1.1), respectively. Additionally, Piauí had the higher expression of glutamine synthetase (OsGS1.1 and OsGS1.3) in shoots cultivated with LN or resupply. The Piauí variety displayed higher glutamine synthetase activity and amino acid content under resupply. Manteiga and Piauí presented a lower reduction in fresh weight of leaves and sheaths under LN compared to IAC-47. The results suggest that the improved variety IAC-47 is more efficient when cultivated with SN, while, under LN or resupply, the landrace varieties were superior. Overall, the molecular responses were different among the varieties, which may affected their nitrogen metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contributing to the development of sustainable electroanalytical chemistry, electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) films obtained from residual graphite of discharged Zn-C batteries are proposed in this work. Graphite from the cathode of discarded Zn-C batteries was recovered and used in the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) by the modified Hummer's method. The quality of the synthesized GO was verified using different characterization methods (FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM). GO films were deposited on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by the drop coating method and then electrochemically reduced by cathodic potential scanning using cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical features of the ERGO films were investigated using the ferricyanide redox probe, as well as paracetamol (PAR) and hydroquinone (HQ) molecules as model analytes. From the cyclic voltammetry assays, enhanced heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants (k0) were observed for all redox systems studied. In analytical terms, the ERGO-based electrode showed higher analytical sensitivity than the bare and GO-modified GCE. Using differential pulse voltammetry, wide linear response ranges and limits of detection of 0.14 μmol L−1 and 0.65 μmol L−1 were achieved for PAR and HQ, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed sensor was successfully applied to the determination of PAR and HQ in synthetic urine and tap water samples (recoveries close to 100%). The outstanding electrochemical and analytical properties of the proposed ERGO films are added to the very low cost of the raw material, being presented as a green-based alternative for the development of electrochemical (bio)sensors with unsophisticated resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Establishing the risk of malignant transformation (MT) in oral leukoplakia is usually based on grading oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) on biopsy tissue, for which two systems are proposed: a 3‐tier and a binary system. Only very few actuarial studies have tested the accuracy of such methods in predicting MT, especially for the binary system. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the two grading systems in predicting MT in a cohort of oral leukoplakia (OL) from Brazil, with follow‐up data. Methods: The sample comprised 878 individuals diagnosed with OL from 2005 to 2018. Follow‐up data were obtained both locally and from the regional cancer registry. All lesions were graded using both the 3‐tier and the binary systems. Kaplan–Meier curves (Log‐rank Mantel‐Cox) were used to assess risk and kappa to assess interobserver agreement. Results: Thirty‐five individuals underwent MT (4%). Both systems demonstrated prognostic value, though the 3‐tier system proved superior, with OR 9.23 (3.42–23.69), PPV 0.152, NPV 0.98, compared to binary OR 3.49 (1.79–6.79), PPV 0.079, NPV 0.976. Interobserver agreement was also superior in the 3‐tier system (0.47, p < 0.05) compared to the binary system (0.139, p = 0.39). Combining the two systems enhanced prognostic values (OR 14.28, PPV 0.217, NPV 0.981). Conclusion: The 3‐tier system presented superior prognostic value to the binary system. Combining both systems to double‐grade intermediate lesions might enhance risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to compare deep learning models designed to predict daily number of cases and deaths caused by COVID-19 for 183 countries, using a daily basis time series, in addition to a feature augmentation strategy based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The following deep learning architectures were compared using two different feature sets with and without DWT: (1) a homogeneous architecture containing multiple LSTM (Long-Short Term Memory) layers and (2) a hybrid architecture combining multiple CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) layers and multiple LSTM layers. Therefore, four deep learning models were evaluated: (1) LSTM, (2) CNN + LSTM, (3) DWT + LSTM and (4) DWT + CNN + LSTM. Their performances were quantitatively assessed using the metrics: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Normalized Mean Squared Error (NMSE), Pearson R, and Factor of 2. The models were designed to predict the daily evolution of the two main epidemic variables up to 30 days ahead. After a fine-tuning procedure for hyperparameters optimization of each model, the results show a statistically significant difference between the models' performances both for the prediction of deaths and confirmed cases (p-value<0.001). Based on NMSE values, significant differences were observed between LSTM and CNN+LSTM, indicating that convolutional layers added to LSTM networks made the model more accurate. The use of wavelet coefficients as additional features (DWT+CNN+LSTM) achieved equivalent results to CNN+LSTM model, which demonstrates the potential of wavelets application for optimizing models, since this allows training with a smaller time series data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple button press towards a prime stimulus enhances subsequent visual search for objects that match the prime. The present study investigated whether this action effect is a general phenomenon across different task domains, and the underlying neural mechanisms. The action effect was measured in an unspeeded size-matching task, with the presentation of the central target and the surrounding inducers of the Ebbinghaus illusion together to one eye or separately to each eye, and when repetitive TMS was applied over right primary motor cortex (M1). The results showed that a prior key-press significantly reduced the illusion effect compared to passive viewing. Notably, the action effect persisted with dichoptic presentation of the Ebbinghaus configuration, but disappeared with the right M1 disruption. These results suggest that action guides visual perception to influence human behavior, which mainly affects the late visual processing stage and probably relies on feedback projections from the motor cortex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the experiences of addictions counselors who have undergone client death and the immediate and long‐lasting impacts of client death on addictions counselors through the consensual qualitative research (CQR) method. We conducted semistructured interviews with 10 participants exploring their lived, in‐depth, experiences in working with clients with addictive disorders with focus given to the death of clients and how they responded to the experience. Results from a data analysis process using the CQR method indicate eight domains: (a) professional ethics, (b) coping skills, (c) client care, (d) preparation for profession, (e) experience of addiction, (f) agency impact, (g) exploring the death experience, (h) recommendations, and 28 categories embedded in each of these domains. Implications for counselor education, training, and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities have used various resources and technologies to provide more attractive and dynamic classes. Still, there is a need to implement interdisciplinarity within different fields of education, especially in integrating health with disciplines that manage city planning, to train students of higher education more qualified to facilitate and increase the quality of life and well-being of the local society. For example, accessing health knowledge during the Architecture and Urbanism course is essential to construct healthier spaces. The target is that students can spread these ideas to other professionals and society by promoting collective discussions to produce better work for the community by forming diversified teams with representatives of the University, society, and government. This is given the relevance of the issue where more effective Urban Planning can be carried out about health and society, with a more egalitarian city that promotes well-being, happiness, and a better quality of life for its inhabitants. And get good planners who use their knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be competent to develop coherent strategies for each type of society. Nevertheless, the composition of other areas from the undergraduate to the graduate courses is important in the student's training process, contributing to a more interdisciplinary and intersectoral vision, especially concerning urban planning and aiming at the healthy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which investigated the prevalence of hypogeusia and hyposmia comparing COVID-19 and other respiratory syndromes (RS), through a cross-sectional survey. Topics discussed include characteristics of the patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and other respiratory syndromes, link of smell and taste impairments to a broad range of viral respiratory infections, and structural changes in oral cavity of patients with COVID-19.

Sustainable agricultural practices are critical in a world grappling with climate change and pressure on natural resources. Unplanned agricultural expansion often harms ecosystems and the services they provide. Balancing food production with environmental protection demands sophisticated tools like spatial analysis and artificial intelligence to inform land-use decisions. This study introduces an AI-driven process to assess land suitability for agrosilvopastoral systems, going beyond traditional methods by incorporating a broader spectrum of landscape characteristics. Our approach integrates climate, water resources, soil properties, morphological features, and accessibility to enhance the accuracy of suitability mapping. We constructed a data cube comprising 100 geospatial layers representing diverse landscape attributes. Field observations from two watersheds in Minas Gerais, Brazil, were used to train and validate a Random Forest classification model. We evaluated the model's accuracy and quantified the influence of each attribute group on suitability determination. Integrating climate, water, edaphic, and morphological attributes significantly improved the model's accuracy and provided a more nuanced understanding of agrosilvopastoral suitability compared to using only soil class, lithology, and slope. Climate and edaphic variables emerged as key drivers of suitability. This approach identified a more constrained, yet potentially more sustainable, distribution of suitable land. Our findings highlight the need to transition from conventional land suitability assessments towards more holistic, data-driven approaches that consider the complex interplay of environmental factors. This model offers a valuable tool for guiding sustainable land-use planning, potentially mitigating environmental impacts while optimizing agrosilvopastoral production. [Display omitted] • We propose a method for assessing the suitability of land for agrosilvopastoral purposes using AI and GIS. • Integrating geospatial data and artificial intelligence facilitates mapping of productive areas. • Climatic attributes, water resources, morphological features and soil are crucial for determining land use potential. • Utilizing diverse landscape attributes is essential for informed land-use planning. • Our findings on land use potential guide advances in the theoretical basis of state public policies in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction between self-compassion, hope, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) following the loss of a loved one to a drug related death (DRD) has been largely unexplored in the current literature. This study examines the interaction between the constructs of hope and self-compassion as they impact PTG among those who are in bereavement from a DRD. For the purposes of this study a "loved one" is defined as anyone who had a meaningful relationship with the person who is now deceased. We examined the associations between self-compassion, PTG and hope using structural equation modeling with a sample of 292 individuals who experienced the DRD of a loved one. Our analysis shows that self-compassion serves as a predictor for PTG when operating independently from hope. When the construct of hope is introduced, it serves as a powerful mediator on the relationship between self-compassion and PTG following bereavement by a DRD. These results suggest that the facilitation of the psychospiritual constructs of hope and self-compassion during the counseling process following the loss of a loved one to a DRD can serve to support PTG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• EGFR gene fusions are rare oncogenic events being increasingly detected. • In vitro and in vivo sensitivity to EGFR TKIs is proven, but no clinical data for the third-generation TKI osimertinib is available to date. • NSCLC management must include comprehensive molecular panels. • This case report illustrate sustained systemic and intracranial response to osimertinib, in a young non-smoker patient with a widely metastatic NSCLC. Comprehensive next-generation sequencing panels are leading to detection of rare gene fusion events. EFGR-RAD51 fusion is a rare oncogenic finding and clinical data for management of this condition is scarce. We report a widely metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in a never-smoker young male patient with sustained near-complete systemic and intracranial response to osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI). We also review the available data of other TKIs in this scenario and underscore the role of comprehensive molecular testing for NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews theoretical and empirical arguments for and against various theories that explain the classic Ponzo illusion and its variants from two different viewpoints concerning the role of perceived depth in size distortions. The first viewpoint argues that all Ponzo-like illusions are driven by perceived depth. The second viewpoint argues that the classic Ponzo illusion is unrelated to depth perception. This review will give special focus to the first viewpoint and consists of three sections. In the first section, the role of the number of pictorial depth cues and previous experience in the strength of all Ponzo-like illusions are discussed. In the second section, we contrast the first viewpoint against the theories that explain the classic Ponzo illusion with mechanisms that are unrelated to depth perception. In the last section, we propose a Bayesian-motivated reconceptualization of Richard Gregory's misapplied size constancy theory that explains Ponzo-variant illusions in terms of prior information and prediction errors. The new account explains why some studies have provided inconsistent evidence for misapplied size constancy theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed a mechanistic, stage-structured model simulating the phenology of Popillia japonica. The model simulates the influence of soil temperature on the larval diapause termination and on the development rate function of post-overwintering larvae and pupae. Model parameters are estimated based on literature evidence for pupae development and on a parameterisation process that allows estimating parameters for larval diapause termination and for the development rate function (and the related uncertainty) of post-overwintering larvae. Data used for model parameterisation and validation refer to time-series adult trap catches collected during the P. japonica monitoring programme performed by the Phytosanitary Service of Lombardy Region within the infested area in Lombardy (Italy) from 2015 to 2019. A total of 12 randomly selected locations are used to estimate biologically realistic model parameters (parameterisation dataset). We applied a Jackknife nonparametric resampling procedure on the parameterisation dataset to quantify uncertainty associated with parameters' estimates. Parameterised model is then validated on time-series adult trap catches data referring to a different set of 12 randomly selected locations (validation dataset) surveyed in Lombardy. The model successfully predicted the beginning of adult emergence and the overall curve of adult emergence in the validation dataset. The model presented can support the definition of the best timing for the implementation of monitoring and control activities for the local and the area-wide management of P. japonica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic and heightened awareness of racial injustice and discrimination in the United States are likely to have a negative impact on mental health. This is concerning, given the already alarming prevalence rates of trauma exposure and adverse childhood experiences in the U.S. general population prior to the current pandemic, their immediate and long-lasting effects on human development across the life span, and their documented effects on adult chronic health conditions. For clinical mental health counselors (CMHCs) to respond effectively to the needs of the U.S. general population, entry-level counseling programs must provide comprehensive trauma training and education. The purpose of this article is to provide information about clinical competencies and relevant training requirements for CMHCs in trauma prevention and treatment to highlight the need to require comprehensive trauma training in entry-level academic training programs for CMHCs through relevant research and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic infected and killed millions of people worldwide. The rapid spread of the virus led several countries to close their schools, including Brazil, where all educational activities became remote and, afterwards, hybrid. This text aims to report the experience of a private school in São Paulo involving project-based learning in a hybrid learning environment. Seeking for an active and meaningful learning, the work was based in both project-based and problem-based learning methodologies, and was performed in compliance with the Brazilian National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) and the priority themes established by the UNESCO's Associated Schools Network. The project lasted four weeks and ended with a virtual Cultural Fair in which students and teachers presented the outcomes of the developed activities for the entire school community. The results highlight the importance of professional qualification, as well as of the democratization of technological teaching tools and internet access for all schools in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En admettant que Lacan a dépassé le père et son défaut métaphorique avec les problèmes des nœuds, nous essayons de repérer les possibilités de diagnostic d'une maladie originale : la maladie de la mentalité. Dans ce cas spécifique, nous avons travaillé sur les possibilités de nouage, nomination et suppléance des trois registres, mais aussi sur différents moyens moins efficaces pour le sujet de faire avec sa structure tout en amenant la discussion de la « psychose ordinaire » de Miller, du « comme si » d'Hélène Deutsch et de la « paraphrénie imaginaire » de Kraepelin. La « maladie de la mentalité » est l'un des diagnostics originaux de Lacan qu'il donne au cas de Brigitte B. au cours de l'une de ses présentations de malades à l'hôpital Sainte-Anne. Le diagnostic est à la fois original et ordinaire si nous considérons la conception de Jacques-Alain Miller. Nous avons souhaité comprendre ce que cette maladie peut apporter de nouveau dans la clinique en cherchant à identifier les points qu'elle pourrait avoir en commun avec les psychoses de la paranoïa, la mélancolie et la schizophrénie par les biais d'un imaginaire démesuré et d'un corps absent. Entre suppléance et compensation, qu'aurait-elle pu faire avec son nœud qui lui aurait permis de rester accrochée à la réalité commune malgré son apparente inconsistance subjective ? Nous avons pu conclure dans cet article les points de parité et de divergence aux types de psychoses classiques sous-jacentes à ce genre de cas. Assuming that Lacan goes beyond the father and his metaphoric malfunction in focusing on problems of the knot, we attempt to establish the possibilities of an original diagnostic: " la maladie de la mentalité." We work through some possibilities of knotting, nomination, and suppléance of the three registers, and also through some methods that are less effective for the individual and her/his structure. This leads to a discussion of the similarities between Miller's "ordinary psychosis," Hélène Deutsch's "as if" personality, and the "imaginary paraphrenia" created by Kreapelin. The " maladie de la mentalité " is one of Lacan's originals diagnostics, given to Brigitte B. during a patient presentation in Sainte-Anne Hospital. The diagnostic is either original or ordinary if we consider Jacques-Alain Miller's development. We attempt comprehend what this diagnostic can provide, clinically speaking, while also seeking out what it shares with the psychoses (paranoia, melancholia, and schizophrenia) through an excessive Imaginary and an absent body. Between suppléance and compensation, what could Brigitte B. have done with her knot that would have allowed her to stay connected with the common reality even with her inconstant subjectivity? We conclude by recognizing some commons points with the classical psychoses but also some divergences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biopharmaceutical industry has specificities related to the optimization of its processes, the effectiveness of the maintenance of the productive park in the face of regulatory requirements. and current concepts of modern industry. Current research on the subject points to investments in the health area using the current tools and concepts of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) with the objective of a more assertive production, reduction of maintenance costs, reduction of operating risks, and minimization of equipment idle time. In this context, this study aims to characterize the current knowledge about the challenges of the biopharmaceutical industry in the application of prescriptive maintenance, which derives from predictive maintenance, in the context of I4.0. To achieve this, a systematic review of the literature was carried out in the scientific knowledge bases IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, considering works such as Reviews, Article Research, and Conference Abstracts published between 2018 and 2023. The results obtained revealed that prescriptive maintenance offers opportunities for improvement in the production process, such as cost reduction and greater proximity to all actors in the areas of production, maintenance, quality, and management. The limitations presented in the literature include a reduced number of models, the lack of a clearer understanding of its construction, lack of applications directly linked to the biopharmaceutical industry, and lack of measurement of costs and implementation time of these models. There are significant advances in this area including the implementation of more elaborate algorithms used in artificial intelligence neural networks, the advancement of the use of decision support systems as well as the collection of data in a more structured and intelligent way. It is concluded that for the adoption of prescriptive maintenance in the pharmaceutical industry, issues such as the definition of data entry and analysis methods, interoperability between "shop floor" and corporate systems, as well as the integration of technologies existing in the world, must be considered for I4.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of non‐substance‐abusing male partners who are in romantic relationships with addicted women. The following themes evolved from the study: relationship vulnerability, course of relationship, others involved, and general outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Porteirinha Block (PB) provides an important record of the origin and evolution of South American crust. The PB records the generation of Paleoarchean TTG, Mesoarchean anatexis, and Paleoproterozoic crustal reworking. It is exposed as a basement inlier in the Araçuaí Orogen as a result of a tectonic involvement of the continental margins of São Francisco Congo Paleocontinent (PSFC) during the collisional processes of Gondwana amalgamation at the Neoproterozoic. The PB basement unit is the Porteirinha Complex (PC), which consists of TTG orthogneisses, migmatites, amphibolites, metaultramafics rocks and Neoarchean granitoids. In this paper, we discuss the evolution of the TTG orthogneisses and migmatites from PC based on field, geochronological and whole-rock geochemistry data. Zircon U–Pb ages (LA-ICP-MS) show a complex and polycyclic evolution of these rocks. Concordant ages were obtained for crystallization of TTG magma at ca. 3.4 Ga and the geochemical signature supports the idea of TTG generation by partial melting of hydrated mafic crust under garnet-amphibolite facies conditions. Zircon U–Pb ages also suggest crustal reworking events at 3.1 Ga. Metatexite and diatexite domains related to partial melting of TTG orthogneisses are individualized. The migmatites record processes of crustal anatexis and melt generation that occurred between 2.8 and 2.9 Ga (LA-ICP-MS, U–Pb in zircon) and are linked to crustal reworking and heat generation events recognized regionally. The new data presented in this work allow us to establish correlations between Archean and Paleoproterozoic units of the PB and those that occur regionally, particularly those related to Gavião block, where a series of stages and events of early crustal evolution are shared. • Archean crustal evolution of TTG orthogneisses from the São Francisco Congo Paleocontinent. • Zircon U–Pb geochronology shows igneous ages of 3.4 Ga for the precursor TTG magma of the Porteirinha Complex orthogneisses. • The orthogneisses show a typical TTG signature and were generated by partial melt of thickened lower crust. • Meso-Neoarchean crustal anatexis are recorded in metatexites and diatexites domains. • Successive stages of magmatism and crustal reworking have been identified since the Paleoarchean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The research aimed to propose and validate a Theoretical Model to understand how the relationship between customers (service users) and service providers might result in customer retention in the higher education context. Design/methodology/approach - The research was implemented through a survey applied to 301 students of a Higher Education Institution, and the data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Findings - The results indicate that value co-creation impacts customer satisfaction and value-in-use, customer satisfaction impacts switching costs and customer retention, and switching costs impact customer retention. However, value-in-use did not significantly impact customer retention, opposing to the expected results. Originality/value - There is no consensus on which constructs effectively are the antecedents of customer retention for the most diverse types of services. For this reason, this research aimed to validate a Theoretical Model that contemplates the constructs of value co-creation, value-in-use, customer satisfaction, and switching costs as antecedents of customer retention in the higher education context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biorefineries are core facilities for implementing a sustainable circular bioeconomy. These facilities rely on microbial enzymes to hydrolyze lignocellulosic substrates into fermentable sugars. Fungal co-cultures mimic the process of natural biodegradation and have been shown to increase certain enzyme activities. Trichoderma reesei and its many mutant strains are major cellulase producers and are heavily utilized as a source of carbohydrate-active enzymes. Several reports have demonstrated that T. reesei co-cultures present higher enzyme activities compared with its monocultures, especially in the context of β-glucosidase activity. The performance of T. reesei during co-culturing has been assessed with several fungal partners, including Aspergillus niger, one of the most recurrent partners. Various aspects of co-cultivation still need further investigation, especially regarding the molecular interactions between fungi in controlled environments and the optimization of the resulting enzyme cocktails. Since plenty of genetic and physiological data on T. reesei is available, the species is an outstanding candidate for future co-culture investigations. Co-cultures are still a developing field for industrial enzyme production, and many aspects of the technique need further improvement before real applications. Key points: • T. reesei co-cultures are an alternative for producing lignocellulolytic enzymes. • Several reports suggest an increase in certain enzyme activities in co-cultures. • More in-depth investigations of co-cultures are necessary for advancing this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study examines the perceptions of counselors who work with populations with addictions in states where marijuana has been legalized. Findings include themes related to client experiences, counselor experiences, specific interventions, and lack of understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our objective was to determine how different spatial frequencies affect the perceptual size rescaling of stimuli in the corridor illusion. Two experiments were performed using the method of constant stimuli. In experiment 1, the task required participants to compare the size of comparison and standard rings displayed over the same background image. ANOVA on the points of subject equality (PSEs) revealed that the perceived size of the top and bottom standard rings changed as a function of the availability of the high, medium, and low spatial frequency information. In experiment 2, the task required participants to compare the size of a comparison ring presented outside of the background image with a standard ring presented inside it. ANOVA on the PSEs revealed that the apparent size of the top and not the bottom standard ring changed depending on the availability of medium spatial frequency information. Eye-tracking revealed that the spatial frequency range of the background image in the periphery affected participants' eye positioning, which may explain why the effects of different spatial frequencies fluctuated across experiments. Nonetheless, when we consider these findings together, we propose that the conceptual understanding of depth plays a more important role in explaining the corridor illusion than the low-level processing of depth information extracted from different spatial frequencies along separate channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mechanisms of perceptual rescaling differ between the corridor and Ponzo illusions. • Perceptual rescaling for the former involves relatively more monocular neurons. • Perceptual rescaling for the latter involves relatively more binocular neurons. • Competition between priors may affect depth extraction from linear perspective cues. Our objective was to determine whether the influence of linear perspective cues and texture gradients in the perceptual rescaling of stimulus size transfers from one eye to the other. In experiment 1, we systematically added linear perspective cues and texture gradients in a background image of the corridor illusion. To determine whether perceptual size rescaling takes place at earlier or later stages, we tested how the perceived size of top and bottom rings changed under binocular (rings and background presented to both eyes), monocular (rings and background presented to the dominant eye only), and dichoptic (rings and background presented separately to the dominant and nondominant eyes, respectively) viewing conditions. We found differences between viewing conditions in the perceived size of the rings when linear perspective cues, but not texture gradients, were presented. Specifically, linear perspective cues produced a stronger illusion under the monocular compared to the dichoptic viewing condition. Hence, there was partial interocular transfer from the linear perspective cues, suggesting a dominant role of monocular neural populations in mediating the corridor illusion. In experiment 2, we repeated similar procedures with a more traditional Ponzo illusion background. Contrary to findings from experiment 1, there was a full interocular transfer with the presence of the converging lines, suggesting a dominant role of binocular neural populations. We conclude that higher order visual areas, which contain binocular neural populations, are more involved in the perceptual rescaling of size evoked by linear perspective cues in the Ponzo compared to the corridor illusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of ultrasound (US) application conditions on microbiological, physicochemical, microscopic, and sensory features of strawberry juice were evaluated. Conditions comprised US (40 kHz) for 5, 10, or 15 min at 25, 40, or 50°C. All US treatments reduced the microbial count in juice. US treatment (40°C/10 min; 50°C/15 min) reduced the °Brix value. All treatments maintained the pH, total titratable acidity, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of the samples. The thermal treatment sample presented a higher decrease in bioactive compounds. Hue angle values and changes in optical microscopy have increased as treatment temperature and time increased. The sample sonicated at 50°C for 15 min presented lower sensory acceptance indices for all the evaluated attributes. Ultrasound application at 50°C for 5 min presented effective juice properties' conservation, a good sensory acceptance, and is a promising alternative to help preserve strawberries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes the development and initial testing of the Multidimensional Cultural Humility Scale (MCHS), a counselor-report scale to measure a counselor's cultural humility, with a sample of 861 participants. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and internal reliability coefficients revealed evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity and internal reliability of scores on the scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tracking the genetic variability of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a crucial challenge. Mainly to identify target sequences in order to generate robust vaccines and neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, but also to track viral genetic temporal and geographic evolution and to mine for variants associated with reduced or increased disease severity. Several online tools and bioinformatic phylogenetic analyses have been released, but the main interest lies in the Spike protein, which is the pivotal element of current vaccine design, and in the Receptor Binding Domain, that accounts for most of the neutralizing the antibody activity.Methods: Here, we present an open-source bioinformatic protocol, and a web portal focused on SARS-CoV-2 single mutations and minimal consensus sequence building as a companion vaccine design tool. Furthermore, we provide immunogenomic analyses to understand the impact of the most frequent RBD variations.Results: Results on the whole GISAID sequence dataset at the time of the writing (October 2020) reveals an emerging mutation, S477N, located on the central part of the Spike protein Receptor Binding Domain, the Receptor Binding Motif. Immunogenomic analyses revealed some variation in mutated epitope MHC compatibility, T-cell recognition, and B-cell epitope probability for most frequent human HLAs.Conclusions: This work provides a framework able to track down SARS-CoV-2 genomic variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Anti-virulence therapies target intercellular signaling networks essential for acute infection. • Quorum sensing (QS) mediates the transition from human commensal to opportunistic pathogen. • Microbiota interference of pathogen signaling can be exploited to inhibit virulence. • In chronic disease, host selective pressures may modulate QS systems through genetic mutations. Antibiotics profoundly reduced worldwide mortality. However, the emergence of resistance to the growth inhibiting effects of these drugs occurred. New approaches to treat infectious disease that reduce the likelihood for resistance are needed. In bacterial pathogens, complex signaling networks regulate virulence. Anti-virulence therapies aim to disrupt these networks to attenuate virulence without affecting growth. Quorum-sensing, a cell-to-cell communication system, represents an attractive anti-virulence target because it often activates virulence. The challenge is to identify druggable targets that inhibit virulence, while also minimizing the likelihood of mutations promoting resistance. Moreover, given the ubiquity of quorum-sensing systems in commensals, any potential effects of anti-virulence therapies on microbiome function should also be considered. Here we highlight the efficacy and drawbacks of anti-virulence approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study was performed to determine if the contribution of biological N2 fixation (BNF) associated with Brazilian sugarcane cultivars could be increased by the inoculation with N2-fixing bacteria. Methods: The field experiment was planted with two sugarcane cultivars, inoculated or not, with five N2-fixing bacteria. All plant tissues, including belowground, were harvested for determination of dry matter, N accumulation and 15N abundance at five occasions until 450 days after planting. Results: Inoculation significantly increased total N accumulation in the aerial tissue of cultivar RB867515 from 147 to 199 kg N ha−1 and cultivar RB92579 from 126 to 192 N kg ha−1. At final harvest 15N abundances of entire sugarcane plants compared to that of plant-available N indicated that BNF inputs were over 64%. Total N derived from BNF and the soil was increased by inoculation, by 50 and 17 kg N ha−1 and 36 and 67 kg N ha−1, for the two cultivars respectively. Conclusions: Without inoculation, the two sugarcane cultivars obtained over 65% of N from BNF. Inoculation with the five component inoculant increased N accumulation from soil and BNF but with little impact on the proportion of N derived from BNF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recruitment of neutrophils from the intravascular compartment into injured tissue is an essential component of the inflammatory response. It involves intracellular trafficking of vesicles within neutrophils and endothelial cells, both containing numerous proteins that have to be distributed in a tightly controlled and precise spatiotemporal fashion during the recruitment process. Rab proteins, a family of small GTPases, together with their effectors, are the key players in guiding and regulating the intracellular vesicle trafficking machinery during neutrophil recruitment. This review will provide a short overview on this process and highlight new findings as well as current controversies in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By a selective three‐component multi‐catalytic sequence, amino‐catalyzed oxa‐Michael addition of oximes to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes has been combined with a copper‐catalyzed decarboxylative aldolization. This one‐pot procedure enables the rapid construction of functionalized ketodiol scaffolds in 85 to 94% ee. Simple reduction of both the resulting oxime and ketone functions delivered the corresponding 1,3,5‐triols of interest in a minimum of steps while considerably limiting waste generation. This methodology has been applied to the shortest (4 steps) synthesis of (+)‐yashabushitriol, highlighting the synthetic potential of this new multi‐catalytic sequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]