Search

The title compound 4{E-[(2-fluorophenyl)imino]methyl}-2-methoxyphenol has been synthesized and characterized by using FTIR, H and C NMR spectroscopic, and X-ray crystallographic techniques experimentally and using B3LYP/6-31 G ( d, p) method theoretically. The structure of the compound is stabilized by four intermolecular non-classical hydrogen bonds and an intramolecular interaction. As a result of all intermolecular interaction, non-classical hydrogen bonds that give rise to 2D network structures on the (100) plane. The crystal packing shows a tubular channel running parallel to the c axis. The solvent accessible void occupies a volume of 77.9 Å. The molecular geometry, vibration frequencies, and gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) H and C chemical shift values of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated using the density functional (B3LYP) with the 6-31 G ( d, p) basis set. The calculated results show that the optimized geometry parameters, the theoretical vibration frequencies, and chemical shift values show good agreement with experimental values. In addition, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, molecular electrostatic potential map, thermodynamic properties for the compound were performed at B3LYP/6-31 G ( d, p) level of theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, 5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, has been characterized by using elemental analysis, MS, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic, and crystallographic techniques. The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with a = 9.612(1), b = 9.894(1), c = 17.380(1) Å, α = 90.213(5)°, β = 104.99(1)°, &#947 = 111.072(5)°, V = 1481.3(2) Å3 and Dx = 1.483 g cm-3 respectively. The structure of the compound has also been examined by using quantum chemical methods. The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies of monomeric and dimeric form of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated by using the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of the theory. The calculated results show that the optimized geometry and the theoretical vibration frequencies of the dimeric form are good agreement with experimental data. In addition, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, molecular electrostatic potential map, thermodynamic properties of the title compound were performed at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] The title compounds were characterized using experimental and theoretical methods. [•] Antioxidant properties were determined by using different methods. [•] Observed and calculated values were compared. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] The compound was synthesized and characterized using experimental and theoretical methods. [•] Antioxidant properties were determined by using different methods. [•] Homo-Lumo energy gap, molecular electrostatic potential map were performed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Objective: Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has emerged as a new treatment strategy for a subgroup of patients with heart failure. In this study, we aimed to evaluate acute effects of CRT on cerebral blood flow. Material and methods: Twenty-two (six female and 16 male) patients (mean age 60.8±5.3 years) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were enrolled in the study. Blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCA), internal carotid artery (ICA), and vertebral arteries (VA) was evaluated by Colour Doppler ultrasound. All measurements were performed at a constant heart rate of 90beats/min for excluding the influence of variant heart rates. Results: Flow velocities, flow volume, resistivity and pulsatility indices which were correlated with cardiac output (CO) significantly increased after CRT. The only parameter affecting the change in mean velocity and flow volume in VA was the change in the CO (β =1.1, p =0.02 and β =1.2, p =0.04, respectively). The change in peak systolic velocity after CRT in VA and the change in mean velocity and volume in ICA were affected by the change in the CO (β =1.2, p =0.007; β =0.8, p =0.08 and β =0.6, p =0.03, respectively). The change in total cerebral blood flow was also affected by the change in CO (β =1.3, p =0.003). Conclusion: CRT increases the carotid and vertebral artery blood flow velocities, flow volumes and therefore improves cerebral blood flow. This improvement in the cerebral blood flow after CRT is largely due to the increase in the cardiac output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this work, 4-allyl-5-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3(4H)-one has been synthesized and characterized by using FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV–vis spectra and XRD (X-ray single crystal determination) experimentally and using B3LYP/6-31G(d), HF/6-31G(d) methods theoretically. The structure of compound is stabilized by two intermolecular hydrogen bonds and by intermolecular Cπ interaction. The molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies and Gauge Including Atomic Orbital (GIAO) 1H chemical shift values of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated using the density functional (B3LYP) and HF method with the 6-31G(d) basis set. The calculated results show that the optimized geometry parameters, the theoretical vibrational frequencies and chemical shift values show good agreement with experimental values. In addition, Mulliken atomic charges of the title compound were calculated and discussed. Besides HOMO–LUMO energy gap, molecular electrostatic potential map and electronic absorption spectra were performed at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory and transition states were also mentioned. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

1-(2-Chlorobenzyl)-2-methylthio-1H-benzimidazole compound has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and H-NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters a = 17.201 Å, b = 5.873 Å, c = 24.791 Å, α = 67.410(10)°, β = 74.083(11)°, γ = 81.858(12)°. In the crystal packing, no classic hydrogen bonds are founded, but C-H···π interactions are being between the molecules. The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies of (CHClNS) in the ground state have been calculated by using Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Method (DFT/B3LYP) with 6-31G(d) basis set. The optimized geometric bond lengths and bond angles obtained by using HF and DFT (B3LYP) show the best agreement with the experimental data. Graphical Abstract: A new compound of (CHClNS) has been synthesized and characterized by H-NMR, IR, spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies of (CHClNS) in the ground state have been calculated by using Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Method (DFT/B3LYP) with 6-31G(d) basis set.[Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The novel catena-poly-μ-orotatobis(butylamine)copper(II), [Cu(μ-HOr)(ba)2] n (1), and diaqua(orotato)copper(II), [Cu2(HOr)2(H2O)4] (2), complexes have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, FT-IR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. Both complexes crystallize in the monoclinic space group, C2/c in 1 and P21/n in 2. In the complexes, the copper(II) ion is chelated by a deprotonated pyrimidine nitrogen atom and a carboxylate oxygen atom of the orotate. While the coordination sphere around Cu(II) is completed by two N atoms from butylamine groups and a carboxylic O atom in the axial position from a neighboring molecule in 1, the square-planar environment of Cu(II) is completed by two water atoms and one axial position is occupied by the carbonyl oxygen atom from the symmetry related molecule in 2. The coordination sphere should be described as a square pyramid and (4+1)-geometry in 1 and 2, respectively. While complex 1 shows a polymeric arrangement, compound 2 has a dimeric arrangement. The non-covalent Cu(II)-π binding force is very important for stabilizing the crystal structure of 2. The thermal decomposition of the complexes has been predicted by the help of thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Augmented sympathoadrenal activity during exercise may contribute to occurrence of various arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation (AF). The prolongation of intraatrial and interatrial conduction times and inhomogeneous propagation of sinus impulses are well-known characteristics of the atrium prone to fibrillate and are evaluated by maximum P-wave duration (P max), P-wave dispersion (PWD). To show the increased P max and PWD values in patients experiencing AF during exercise testing and the role of beta blockade on treatment of exercise-induced AF, 22 of these patients were compared with a control group consisting of 41 patients without AF attacks. P max (p=0.001) and PWD (p=0.001) values were significantly higher in patients with AF compared to those without AF. The development of AF during exercise testing was found to be positively correlated with P max (r=0.87, p<0.001), PWD (r = 0.83, p = 0.001 ), and work load (r = 0.34, p = 0.002) and negatively correlated with ejection fraction (r =-0.26, p = 0.02). After the treatment with beta-blocking agents for 2 weeks, the decrease in P max and PWD values was accompanied by a much lower prevalence of exercise-induced AF. Consequently, the patients with AF had greater P max and PWD values compared to control subjects, and these simple parameters were well correlated with the occurrence of AF during exercise testing. Furthermore, treatment of these patients with beta blockers would appear to decrease the recurrence of exercise-induced AF and to be associated with a decrease in P-wave durations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aquatris(4-methylimidazole)orotatocobalt(II), [Co(HOr)(H2O)(4-Meim)3] (1) and bis[aquatris(4-methylimidazole)orotatonickel(II)] pentahydrate, [Ni(HOr)(H2O)(4-Meim)3]2 ·5H2O (2) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, thermal analysis, IR, UV–Vis and mass spectroscopic studies. The crystal structure of 2 was also determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The Ni(II) complex contains the isomers Λ and Δ of [Ni(HOr)(H2O)(4-Meim)3], self-assembled through complementary π–π and Cπ interactions, leading to an intricate two-dimensional array. The Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in [M(C5H2N2O4)(H2O)(C4H6N2)3] are chelated to the deprotonated N3 pyrimidine atom and to the carboxylate oxygen atom of the bidentate orotate dianion, and to the three nitrogen atoms of the 4-Meim ligands, and their octahedral geometries are completed by an aqua ligand. The thermal decomposition pathway of the complexes has been predicted by the help of thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA) and mass spectroscopic data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Supraventricular tachycardia attacks, including atrial fibrillation (AF), occur after both external and internal cardioversions. These attacks of atrial fibrillation after direct-current (DC) shock may be related to hemodynamic impairment, thromboembolic events, or enhanced electrical instability of the ventricular and atrial myocardium, especially in predisposed patients. In this study, the authors aimed to show the importance of P-wave dispersion (PWD), which lead the atrium to fibrillate, in predicting post-DC shock AF after external cardioversion. Thus physicians may be able to choose the patients with high risk for AF occurrence and apply some other therapeutic modalities to those patients. The authors identified 18 patients in whom an AF attack was induced by urgent or elective cardioversion for a ventricular tachycardia attack and compared these patients with a control group composed of 40 patients without AF in regard to some clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic parameters. Left atrial diameters were greater (4.3 ±0.3 vs 3,5 ±0.5 cm, p =0.001), left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) were lower (45.2 ±8.2 vs 54.9 ±7.5, p=0.001), the energy needed for successful cardioversion was higher (166.6 ±59.4 vs 80.8 ±51.6 J, p=0.001), and P max (135.2 ±7.4 vs 118.7 ±10.5 ms, p=0.001) and PWD (53.8 ±12.2 vs 23.8 ±9.5 ms, p=0.001) values were higher in patients with AF when compared to those without AF. Thus, the patients with higher PWD values had a greater risk for development of AF after a DC shock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thromboembolic risk of atrial flutter (AFI) types has not been elucidated sufficiently in previous reports. The authors classified the patients according to surface electrocardiogram and electrophysiologic characteristics as those with typical AFI (37 patients, 78.4% male, mean age 59.8 ±9.5 years) and atypical AFI (13 patients, 69.296 male, mean age 60.9 ±6.9 years) and compared them regarding some clinical, echocardiographic, and hematologic parameters. An age- and gender-matched control group composed of 20 individuals without any organic heart disease in sinus rhythm was chosen (80% male, mean age 60.3 ±7.9 years). Clinical features such as age, gender, organic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, AFI duration, and the prevalence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were similar in both AFI groups. Echocardiographic parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial (LA) diameter, LA spontaneous echo contrast, and LA appendage emptying velocities were similar in both AFI groups. Fibrinogen, fibrin D-dimer, and thrombin-antithrombin III levels reflecting coagulation system activity were found to be increased in the patients with atypical AFI when compared with those with typical AFI and the control group (p « 0.001). In Pearson's correlation analysis, significant correlation between these hematologic markers and clinical and echocardiographic parameters were not found (p » 0.05). The coagulation system activity was found to be increased in patients with atypical AFI. Thus, anticoagulation due to the increased thromboembolic risk should be considered in patients with atypical AFI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A considerable fraction of collaterals has been shown to regress immediately after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), but the fate of these well-developed collaterals is unknown. The authors aimed to show the protective role of these recruitable collaterals in case of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). They identified 22 patients who underwent PTCA and then were rehospitalized owing to acute myocardial infarction. These patients were compared with a group consisting of 48 patients hospitalized owing to acute MI without a history of previous PTCA. Then, the patients with collaterals were compared with the patients without collaterals to define the factors affecting the collateral formation. All the patients with collaterals before PTCA were shown to have collaterals also after AMI, and collateral grades were greater after MI (1.67 ±0.98) when compared with those before PTCA (0.73 ±0.7) (p = 0.001). Coronary collaterals were more commonly seen in patients with a history of previous PTCA (p = 0.005), and the grades of collaterals were also higher in these patients when compared with those without PTCA. Left ventricle score indices were lower and left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF) were higher in patients with a history of PTCA (p = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking increased the development of collaterals after AMI 3.8 fold, aspirin use 4.1 fold. On the contrary, diabetes mellitus (DM) decreased this 6.67 fold. As a result, well-developed coronary collaterals are preserved even if they have regressed after restoration of flow, and they may become functional and protect the myocardium against acute ischemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SOYLU, M.,et al.: Evaluation of the Early Hemodynamic Changes in Carotid Arteries During Ventricular and Dual Chamber Pacing. In spite of a wide choice of pacemakers, there are some problems in making more rational clinical decisions for individual patients since mode selection and programming is usually performed on the basis of a clinical hunch. The aim of this study was to measure the differences in carotid flow in patients with a pacemaker programmed in the dual chamber and in the single chamber pacing modes. Sixty patients with implanted bipolar DDD pacemakers were enrolled in this study. Blood peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV), cross-sectional area, resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were measured in the common (CCA), internal (ICA), and external (ECA) carotid arteries before pacemaker implantation and after dual chamber and ventricular pacing at 60 beats/min. PSVs in the left CCA (79.3± 24.9 cm/s) and right CCA (84.1± 18.7) were shown to significantly decrease after VVI pacing (60.1± 16.6 and 62.1± 20.0, respectively). There was also a similar significant decrease in PSV in the left and right ICAs and ECAs. Besides PSV, RI, and PI in the left and right CCAs, ICAs, and ECAs significantly decreased after VVI pacing. There was no similar decrease after DDD pacing. Cross-sectional area and flow volume in the CCA, ICA, and ECA were similar after DDD and VVI pacing and before pacemaker implantation suggesting that cardiac output was similar when the measurements were recorded. Carotid artery PSVs, pulsatility, and RIs were found to be significantly decreased during VVI pacing compared to baseline and DDD pacing. The greater incidence of adverse cerebral outcomes in patients with VVI rather than DDD pacing may be partly due to decreased carotid PSVs.(PACE 2004; 27:1540–1544) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenesis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in patients with overt pre-excitation and effect of elimination of accessory pathways on the appearance of AF are still controversial. We demonstrated the increased P max and P wave dispersion (PWD) reflecting more inhomogeneous and prolonged atrial conduction in patients with Wolff–Parkinson–White (WPW) syndrome and PAF attacks. One-hundred and fifty-one patients who underwent radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation due to paroxysmal tachycardia medicated by accessory pathway were enrolled in this study. The patients were classified into two groups according to the presence of previous PAF attacks. We compared the clinical characteristics, echocardiograhic findings, P max and PWD values measured after normalization of PR intervals and disappearance of pre-excitation after ablation in overt pre-excitation patients. Although the differences in age, left atrial diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were not significant in both groups, P maximum (130.0±8.4 vs. 122.3±8.7 ms, p=0.002) and P wave dispersion values measured after ablation (50.3±7.2 vs. 35.7±6.1 ms, p=0.001) were significantly higher in patients with previous PAF attacks. Accessory pathway (AP) antegrade and retrograde effective refractory period (ERP) values were shorter (276±27.3 vs. 321.0±48.7, p=0.001; 263.4±41.3 vs. 299.7±38.2, p=0.002, respectively) in patients with PAF attack when compared to those without PAF attacks. Higher P wave dispersion values in patients with previous PAF attacks suggest the important role of inhomogenous and discontinuous propagation of sinus impulses. Therefore, we concluded that not only the accessory pathway but also inhomogenous propagation of sinus impulses may play an important role in occurrence of AF in patients with pre-excitation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this study, the effect of valve replacement on diastolic parameters was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months by comparing diastolic parameters in patients after aortic valve replacement with freestyle stentless porcine xenografts for aortic stenosis. Depending on deceleration time (BT) and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) with preoperative echocardiographic assessment, patients were divided into two groups: restrictive physiology (DT ≤ 150 msec and IVRT < 100 msec, 20 patients), and nonrestrictive physiology (DT > 150 msec and IVRT ≥ 100 msec, 27 patients). Although left ventricular mass index significantly decreased in both groups, improvement in DT, IVRT, and ejection fraction occurred only in patients with restrictive physiology. As a result, the patients with restrictive diastolic characteristics had more benefit than the patients with nonrestrictive physiology after aortic valve replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aortic and mitral valvular calcifications are found to be associated with atherosclerotic risk factors and are largely accepted as part of a generalized atherosclerotic process. As well as the severity of stenosis, embologenic properties of plaques are also responsible for ischemic potentials of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries. In this study, the authors aimed to define the characteristics of plaque morphology in patients with and without aortic valvular calcification (AVC) and to show the association between AVC and carotid plaque characteristics. Carotid plaque morphology in 182 consecutive patients with AVC was compared with plaque characteristics in 170 patients without AVC. Risk factors for atherosclerosis, age, and gender were similar in patients with and without AVC. The presence of carotid atherosclerosis, complex atheromas, and carotid artery stenosis was significantly higher in patients with AVC when compared with those without AVC (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.05, respectively). Unstable plaques (Types I and II) were also found to be more common in the patients with AVC than in those without AVC (p < 0.001). This study demonstrated the strong correlation between AVC and carotid atheromas. The plaques in patients with AVC are more unstable in morphology than in those without AVC, and this may explain the higher stroke incidence in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this prospective study, we set out to determine whether analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with exercise induced ventricular tachycardia (EIVT) and normal coronary arteries would reveal increased sympathetic nervous system activity. From January 1996 to December 2001, we compared 16 patients with EIVT and normal coronary arteries with an age- and sex-matched control group. Analysis of HRV showed that parameters indicative of parasympathetic activity were lower in our study group than in our control group: standard deviation of the mean of qualified NN intervals (SDNN), 81.6 ± 14.5 vs 139.3 ± 11.0, P <0.001; root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), 22.3 ± 4.8 vs 36.3 ± 6.6, P <0.001; number of NN intervals that differed by more than 5 ms from the adjacent interval, divided by the total number of NN intervals (PNN50), 4.8 ± 1.5 vs 10.2 ± 3.1, P <0.001; and high-frequency component (HF), 28.7 ± 2.5 vs 32.4 ± 3.9, P <0.05. Conversely, parameters indicative of sympathetic activity were higher in patients with EIVT low-frequency component (LF), 71.2 ± 5.0 vs 52.0 ± 5.8, P <0.001; and absolute low/high frequency component ratio (LF/HF), 2.7 ± 0.2 vs 1.6 ± 0.2, P <0.001. There was a positive correlation between E/Wand LF (r=0.79, P <0.001) and between EIVT and LF/HF... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DEMIR, A.D., et al.: Determinants of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with DDD Pacemaker Implantation.Occurrence of AF in a pacemaker implanted patient is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic determinants of persistent AF in patients with DDD pacemakers. A 101 consecutive patients were followed for an average of19.8 ± 11.8months. Persistent AF was documented in 21 (20.8%) patients and 80 (79.2%) patients were in sinus or physiologically paced rhythm. In patients with persistent AF, previous AF attacks were observed more frequently(P < 0.03)and left atrial dimension was higher(3.5 ± 0.6vs3.0 ± 0.5 cm, P < 0.001). Average P maximum and P wave dispersion (PWD) values calculated in a 12‐lead surface electrocardiogram were also found to be significantly higher in patients with persistent AF(P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of previous AF attacks(RR 8.95, P < 0.001), increased left atrial dimension(RR 2.1, P < 0.02), P maximum duration120 ms (RR 6.1, P < 0.001), and PWD 40 ms(RR 12.2, P < 0.001)were associated with an increased risk of persistent AF. Cut‐off points were 120 ms for P maximum and 40 ms for PWD. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated as 76.2, 82.5, 53.3, and 92.9 for P maximum and as 85.7, 87.5, 64.3, and 95.9 for PWD, respectively. In patients with DDD pacemakers, previous AF attacks, increased left atrial dimension, P maximum value of 120 ms, and a PWD value of 40 ms were associated with a significantly increased risk of persistent AF. These patients must further be managed with other treatment modalities to prevent the development of persistent AF. (PACE 2003; 26:719–724) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preoperative EP Characteristics of Post-CABG AF. Introduction: Increased atrial effective refractory period (AERP) dispersion is well correlated with vulnerability to atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the preoperative electrophysiologic characteristics of atrial abnormalities that may play an important role in the development of AF postoperatively in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have not been investigated in detail. Methods and Results: Fifty-six consecutive patients who underwent CABG were enrolled in this study. Eighteen patients (14 men and 4 women; mean age 57.7 ± 5.2 years ) with AF in the early postoperative period and 38 patients (28 men and 10 women; mean age 56.3 ± 6.4 years ) without AF were compared with regard to preoperative clinical, echocardiographic, angiographic, and electrophysiologic parameters. Preoperative PA interval and AERP dispersion values were higher (P < 0.05) in patients who developed AF in the early postoperative period. PA interval ( P < 0.05 , odds ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.17–2.30), AERP in the high right atrium (AERP[sub HRA]; P < 0.05 , odds ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.91–0.97), AERP in the right posterolateral atrium (AERP[sub RPL]; P < 0.05 , odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.98), AERP in the distal coronary sinus (AERP[sub DCS]; P < 0.05 , odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.74–1.02), and AERP dispersion ( P < 0.001 , odds ratio = 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.47) were independently related to post-CABG AF in univariate analysis. Increases in preoperative PA interval and AERP dispersion were found to be associated with a high risk for development of post-CABG AF. Conclusion: AERP dispersion is a suitable electrophysiologic indicator for atrial vulnerability. The presence of increased preoperative AERP dispersion and PA interval may indicate patients at high risk for development of AF in the early postoperative period after coronary artery bypass grafting. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. 28-31, January 2003). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the association between mitral annular calcification and carotid atheroma. Comparison of the characteristics of carotid atheroma in patients with and without mitral annular calcification; Risk of atherosclerosis in the elderly with mitral annular calcification.

Reports on a case of unilateral renal artery stenosis with a history of cardiac arrest. Association between atherosclerotic renal artery disease and hypertension; Presence of hyperkalemia in the patient; Episode of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia during hospitalization; Performance of balloon dilatation of the stenotic renal artery; Condition of the patient following surgery.

In the title compound, C24H27N3O2S·C2H6O, the dihedral angle between the least-squares planes of the 2,5-dihydroxy­benzene ring and the mesit­yl group is 78.59 (6)°. An intra­molecular O—H·N hydrogen bond is observed in the mol­ecular structure. Centrosymmetrically related mol­ecules are linked by N—H·O inter­molecular hydrogen bonds to form a dimer. The dimers are inter­linked by O—H·O and O—H·N inter­molecular hydrogen bonds involving the ethanol mol­ecule of crystallization to form chains along the a axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, due to the widespread usage of mobile devices and wireless network technologies, we can use various ICT services almost anytime, anywhere even if we are changing our location at that moment. Therefore, mobility management technology have been attracting attention. This technology is to keep communication alive even when a mobile node (MN), which is communicating with the server or some nodes, moves to another network domain. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is used for mobility management to realize effective intra-domain routing that optimizes routes when an MN moves inside an SDN domain. However, many of the approaches mainly focus on intra-domain routing and it is difficult to optimize inter-domain route. In this paper, we focus on this routing optimization problem and propose an SDN based end-to-end routing mechanism specified for mobility management. The proposed routing mechanism can optimize an end-to-end route based on various parameters such as bandwidth, number of domains, and flow operations for mobility after an MN has moved across SDN domains. We carried out some simulational experimentations to evaluate the effect of proposal. It is shown that the proposed routing mechanism can reduce communication delay and enhance network performance. Thus, the proposed routing mechanism can realize effective ICT services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of destruction of lyophilized and frozen-thawed ram sperm plasma and acrosomal membrane on development of embryos produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Semen samples were divided into two groups for lyophilization (L) and freezing (F). For the removal of the plasma membrane, L and F groups were incubated with Triton X-100 (LTX-100 and FTX-100, respectively). Integrities of the plasma membrane, acrosome and chromatin structure were evaluated. Oocytes were injected with these sperm groups. Although no plasma membrane and acrosome integrities of the L (0.0%) group were detected, the plasma membrane integrity of the F group (69.4%) was significantly higher than the FTX-100 group (23.6%) (p < 0.05). The acrosome integrity of the FTX-100 group (3.80%) was significantly lower than the F group (55.6%) (p < 0.05). The chromatin integrities of L and F groups were higher than the Triton X-100 treated groups (p < 0.05). ICSIs with L, LTX-100, F and FTX-100 sperm were produced similar cleavage and blastocyst rates. In conclusion, data presented here confirm that ram spermatozoa can effectively be lyophilized and injected into oocytes for initiation of embryonic development and Triton X-100 pretreatment is not necessary while using lyophilized and frozen semen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure of the title compound, NH4+·C12H22O2PS2−, consists of a polymeric arrangement of ammonium cations and O, O-dicyclohexyl phosphorodithioate anions linked through N—H⋯O and N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds. These inter­actions result in the formation of (100) sheets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, C24H26BrN3OS, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P , with two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The mol­ecules adopt an E geometry about the azomethine C=N double bond. The structure is stabilized as dimers by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonding. C—H⋯π and π–π inter­actions are also effective in the crystal packing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, 4-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-5-(p-tolyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (C18H19N3O2), was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In order to compare the experimental and theoretical compatibility, the DFT and HF modeling technique was also used. When the theoretical and experimental results are compared, it is seen that the geometric parameters from both investigation techniques are quite compatible. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the structure has crystallized in the orthorhombic space group Pna21. The planes of the triazole and benzyl rings in the molecule make dihedral angles of 46.14(1)ο (C1-C6) and 43.89(1)ο (C12-C17). The molecules in the asymmetric unit are linked by intermolecular N–H···O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis was performed to describe intramolecular interactions. For the molecule the energy difference between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) was calculated as − 4.95 eV. Potential energy surface (PES) analysis was performed by a semi-empirical method to determine the stable states of molecular structure and to compare them with XRD geometry. In order to determine the thermodynamic properties of the molecular structure enthalpy, heat capacity and entropy values were calculated for selected temperature values. Triazole compound were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, Molecular Hirshfeld Surface, Frontier Molecular Orbitals, Potential Energy Surface, Thermodynamic Properties analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, two cyanido-bridged coordination polymers and three cyanido complex salts with the general formulas [M(edbea)Ni(CN)4] {M = Zn (1) and Cd (2); edbea = 2,2′-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine)} and [Cd(edbea)2][M′(CN)4]·XH2O {M′ = Ni (3), Pd (4) and Pt (5); X = 2 (3) and 0 (4 and 5)} were synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. X-ray studies of 1–5 exhibited two different coordination modes of the edbea ancillary ligand. While edbea acts as a suspension bridge with two nitrogen atoms positioned in an unusual way between adjacent metal ions for 1 and 2, in the remaining complexes, it behaves as a tetradentate ligand resulting in an eight coordinated CdII center. 3 showed an interesting packing of the cationic components hosted between the layers created by the anions and lattice water molecules. Thermal analysis studies showed that all of the complexes exhibited a similar mechanism in which the neutral groups were released first and then, the anionic ligands decomposed. Also, the complexes with salt structures could not retain their thermal stability as long as the polymeric ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new K+/Cu(II) and Zn(II) coordination polymers with pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate (pydc), {K2[Cu(μ-pydc)2]·3H2O} n (1) and {[Zn(µ-pydc)(H2O)(4-mim)]·H2O} n (2) (4-mim=4-methylimidazole) have been synthesized from zerovalent metal and characterized by IR, EPR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. In the sandwiched 3D anionic framework of 1, pydc ligands exhibit hexadentate coordination; tridentate coordination bond with Cu(II) and tridentate ionic interaction with K+ ions. {K2[Cu(μ-pydc)2]·3H2O} n shows a rare topology consists of three dimensional (3,4,5)-connected network with the point symbol of {42.6}2{42.84}{43.6.86}2. The distorted square pyramidal geometry of 2 is completed with an nitrogen atom from 4-mim and aqua ligand to form a 1D polynuclear structure. The hydrogen bonds link the 1D chains into 3D architecture. The temperature dependent magnetic property of complex 1 has been studied. Complex 2 exhibits unusual yellow luminescence in the solid state at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we aimed to determine the best agricultural waste media mixtures for Ganoderma carnosum Pat. cultivation, which is almost unknown in Turkey. Six different growing mixtures were prepared using oak sawdust, peanut shell, and corn cob: C (oak sawdust), M1 (2 oak sawdust + 1 wheat bran), M2 (2 peanut shells + 1 wheat bran), M3 (1 oak sawdust + 1 peanut shell + 1 wheat bran), M4 (2 corn cobs + 1 wheat bran), M5 (1 oak sawdust + 1 corn cob + 1 wheat bran). During the study, mycelial growth time, biological efficiency (BE), mushroom weight, total yield, cap diameter, cap thickness, dry matter of mushroom samples, and pH and moisture content of the mixtures were determined at different periods (after sterilization, after mycelia development, and after harvest). Mycelial development time was detected between 26.00 and 41.00 days. The highest and the lowest yield values were obtained from M2 (53.90 g kg-1) and C (14.63 g kg-1), respectively. The highest amount of dry matter was recorded in C (20.29%) while the lowest amount was obtained from M2 (17.97%). It has been determined that the average weight of the mushrooms varied between 6.46 and 23.00 g. The pH was the highest after sterilization (5.62) and the lowest after harvest (4.21) periods. In terms of moisture content, the highest content was observed after harvest period as 66.17%. When the results were evaluated based on yield and biological efficiency, which are the most important criteria for producers, the use of oak sawdust alone or in combination seems to be disadvantageous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A novel two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer, [Cd(μ-pydc)(2-meim)] n (1) (pydc=pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate, 2-meim=2-methylimidazole) was synthesized and characterized by spectral methods (FT-IR and photoluminescence), elemental analysis, thermal analysis (TG, DTG and DTA) and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Complex 1 displays a 2D layer structure through the linkage of bridging carboxyl oxygen and pyridine nitrogen atoms of the pydc ligand. Each Cd(II) center exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination environment with four carboxylate oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms from the pydc and 2-meim ligands. In 1, the pydc ligand exhibits a new coordination mode. The distances of adjacent Cd(II) atoms are 3.679 and 7.742Å. The 2D layers are further linked by C–H⋯π and π⋯π stacking to construct a 3D supramolecular structure. In order to assess the potential of 1 in gas storage and gas separation applications, molecular simulations were performed. Furthermore, 1 exhibits blue photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Eight new copper(II)-thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate (tdc) complexes with N-methylethylenediamine (nmen), [Cu(H2O)2(nmen)2](tdc) (1), N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (nnen), [Cu(tdc)(nnen)2]·H2O (2), N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine (dmen), [Cu(μ-tdc)(H2O)(dmen)] n (3), N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (tmen), {[Cu(μ-tdc)(tmen)2]·H2O} n (4), N-ethylethylenediamine (neten), trans-[Cu(H2O)2(neten)2](tdc)·2H2O (5), N,N′-diethylethylenediamine (deten), trans-[Cu(H2O)2(deten)2](tdc) (6), N,N-diethylethylenediamine (eten), [Cu(μ-tdc)(eten)] n (7), and N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine (nmpen), [Cu(tdc)(nmpen)2] (8), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic moments, thermal analyses (TG, DTG and DTA), UV–Vis and IR spectra. The crystal structures of 2, 3, 5 and 7 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. In 1, 5 and 6, the Cu(II) ions are coordinated by two aqua ligands and four nitrogen atoms of nmen, neten and deten, respectively and thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate (tdc) acts as a counterion. In 2, 4 and 8, tdc coordinates to the Cu(II) ions through the oxygen atom of the carboxylate group as a monodentate ligand, and the distorted square pyramidal geometries of the Cu(II) ions of 2, 4 and 8 are completed by the nnen, tmen and nmpen ligands, respectively, which act as bidentate ligands. In 3 and 7, the tdc ligand exhibits tridentate-μ2 and tetradentate-μ2 bridging modes, being coordinated through three and four carboxylate oxygens atoms, respectively. The crystal packing of the complexes is a composite of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. Furthermore, in vitro antimicrobial activities of these complexes were tested against selected wild type microorganisms using MIC methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The synthesis, spectroscopic properties and crystal structures of {[Cu2(μ-Cl)2(μ3-Hpzdc)(Cl)(H2O)2]·1.5H2O} n (1) and {[Cd(μ-Cl)(μ-Hpzdc)]·H2O} n (2) complexes were reported (H2pzdc=pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid). H2pzdc is singly deprotonated in both complexes and the coordination mode of Hpzdc ligand in 1 has been first reported in this presentation. The complex 1, which has a 3D framework structure, was formed with double μ-chloride and μ3-Hpzdc bridges. In 1, water molecules occupy in the 1D channel as guest molecules. Furthermore, unprecedented 1D hybrid water–chloride anionic [(H2O)8Cl2] n cluster has been structurally identified. In the complex 2, the Cd(II) atom is seven-coordinated by two hydrogen pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylate, two chloride and one aqua ligands in a distorted monocapped octahedral coordination geometry. The Cd(II) atoms are bridged by the bis(bidentate) Hpzdc ligands, forming 1D polymer chain. The adjacent 1D chains are linked each other through the double chloride bridges to form 2D layer. The layers are connected together through O–H⋯O interactions resulting in a three-dimensional framework. The mechanisms for these compounds were validated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the experimental geometries. The photoluminescent property of 2 was investigated in the solid state at room temperature. Moreover, in order to assess the potentials of 1 and 2 in gas storage applications, we performed atomically detailed simulations. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Polynuclear Cu(II)-squarate complex with 2-hydroxyethylpyridine, {[Cu(μ-sq)(etpy)2] · H2O}n has been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis, IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopic studies (H2sq = squaric acid and etpy = 2-hydroxyethylpyridine). The structure of the complex was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations were performed using the GAUSSIAN 03 program. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c. The structure contains chains of squarato-O1,O3-bridged polynuclear copper(II) units held together by intermolecular hydrogen bonds, weak π-π and van der Waals interactions. The distorted octahedral geometry of Cu(II) is completed by two neutral bidentate etpy ligands through the nitrogen of pyridine and hydroxyl O atom. Thermal decomposition of the complex is studied from 30 to 500°C in a static air atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is common in patients with mitral stenosis (MS) and presence of SEC in left atrium (LA) is associated with a higher risk of thromboembolism. Recently, an increase in activation of platelets was demonstrated in patients with SEC raising the hypothesis that palatelets are involved in the pathogenesis of SEC. In this study, we evaluated effects of autonomic nervous system activity on SEC formation in patients with rheumatic MS and sinus rhythm by heart rate variability analysis. Methods and Results: Twenty-six patients with LASEC were compared with 28 patients without LASEC. Mean heart rate, low frequency (LF) and low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio were significantly higher, standard deviation of all NN (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), number of NN intervals that differed by more than 50 ms from adjacent interval divided by the total number of all NN intervals (PNN50) and high frequency (HF) values were lower in the patients with LASEC. A standard deviation of all NN intervals <90ms separated the patients with LASEC from control subjects with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 90%; a low frequency >79.5 with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 90; a low frequency/high frequency ratio >3.7 with a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 90%. A left atrial diameter >4.3cm increased the LASEC formation by 3.0 folds, HR >78beats/min by 6.4 folds, standard deviation of all NN intervals <90ms by 9.2 folds, a low frequency/high frequency ratio >3.7 by 6.4 folds, sP-selectin>142 by 5.8 folds. Variables affecting sP-selectin levels were LA diameter, mitral valve area, transmitral mean gradient, left ventricular ejection fraction, the presence of mitral regurgitation, HR, standard deviation of all NN intervals, low frequency, high frequency and low frequency/high frequency ratio. Conclusion: Sympathetic overactivity and reduced heart rate variability are important determinants for LASEC formation and increased s-P selectin levels. Therefore, platelet activation via increased sympathetic activity may play an important role in pathogenesis of LASEC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Transthoracic Doppler ultrasonography can assess left internal mammary artery patency and flow after coronary artery bypass grafting. We aimed to show, by transthoracic Doppler ultrasonography, the early effects upon left internal mammary artery graft flow of preoperative collateral vessels supplying the left anterior descending artery. Thirty-four consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass were prospectively enrolled: 19 patients with collateral vessels supplying the left anterior descending were compared with 15 patients without collaterals. After bypass, end-diastolic velocity, mean velocity, flow volume, and ejection fraction were significantly greater, and the resistivity index was lower in patients with collateral vessels. The changes in velocities, volume, resistivity index, and pulsatility index were also found to be greater in patients with collateral vessels than in those without collaterals. Collateral vessels were the only factor affecting the changes in end-diastolic volume, mean velocity, flow volume, and resistivity index in multivariate analysis. Three factors affected postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction: collateral vessels, preoperative ejection fraction, and changes in left internal mammary flow volume. We conclude that patients with well-developed collaterals to the left anterior descending have better flow in the left internal mammary graft and more significant improvement in left ventricular function after coronary bypass. The flow volume of the mammary graft and the improvement of ventricular systolic functions after coronary bypass might be presumed with the presence of grade 2 or 3 preoperative collateral vessels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on 2-Amino-4-(3-methyl-3-p-xylylcyclobutyl)-1,3-thiazole, an organic compound. In the compound, hydrogen bonds are present, and interactions between hydrogen and nitrogen atoms form a dimer. Due to these intermolecular interactions between the amino group and the benzene ring in the dimer, and van der Waals interactions, the structure of the compound exhibits hexagonal cavities. Thiazole derivatives show liquid crystal properties, and also show herbicidal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic activity. Aminothiazoles have a wide range of biological and industrial applications.

The title mol­ecule, [Ni(C10H12N3O3)2], possesses a crystallographic centre of symmetry at the NiII atom. The coordin­ation geometry around the NiII atom is distorted square planar, consisting of four N atoms from two oxime ligands. The crystal packing shows two-dimensional polymeric chains, which are stabilized by a hydrogen-bonded network, and other weak inter­molecular inter­actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effective atomic numbers and electron densities for the pure elemental forms of gadolinium (Gd), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), and ytterbium (Yb), and some of their selected complexes, were obtained from the measured total mass attenuation coefficients at 13.92, 17.75, 20.78, 26.34, and 59.54 keV photon energies using a high-resolution Si(Li) detector by adopting transmission geometry. The measured results were compared with two different theoretical results. Within experimental deviations, our data are in good agreement with the theoretical values. The obtained parameters were also interpreted with some selected chemical parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current study was to evaluate different antioxidant-supplemented extenders for post-thaw semen quality and incubation resilience of ram spermatozoa. Pooled semen samples were divided into four equal volumes and each volume were diluted with two-step dilution method in control and antoxidant supplemented groups (5mM methionine, 5mM cysteamine and 1mM cysteine). Semen samples were assessed for the sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity using hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST) and Hoechst 33258 test, damaged acrosome using FITCPisum sativum agglutinin (PSA-FITC) and DNA integrity using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Membrane lipid peroxidation was also analyzed using the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration assay. This study showed that antioxidant supplemented extenders had beneficial effect on motility, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity of ram semen compared to control group (P<0.05). The motility (60.40%) and acrosome integrity (30%) values of cysteine group was significantly higher than those of the groups (P<0.05). However, there were no differences about DNA fragmentation rates at 0 h of incubation. In addition, we achieved a higher motility (35%), HOST (50%), Hoechst (56.50%) and lower defected acrosome (35%) and DNA fragmentation (8.80%) rates in post thawed ram semen even after 6 h incubation when the extender was supplemented with 1 mM cysteine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new complexes of composition [Ni( N-bishydeten )Pt(CN) 4 ] ( 1 ), [Ni( N-bishydeten ) 2 ][Pt(CN) 4 ] ( 2 ), [Cu( N-bishydeten )Pt(CN) 4 ] ( 3 ), [Cu( N-bishydeten ) 2 ][Pt(CN) 4 ] ( 4 ) and [Cd( N-bishydeten ) 2 ][Pt(CN) 4 ] ( 5 ) { N-bishydeten = N,N -bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine} have been obtained and characterized by IR and EPR spectroscopies, elemental and thermal analysis and magnetic measurements. X-ray studies of 2 and 3 exhibited different structures and two different coordination modes of N-bishydeten ancillary ligand with a ratio of M:L. While N-bishydeten acts as a tetradentate with N, N ′, O and O′ atoms in a molar ratio of 1:1 formed 2,2- CT -type zigzag chain for 3 , it behaves tridentate ligand by ending up with six coordinated Ni II center in a complex salt by using 1:2 M ratio for 2 . None of the 1 and 3 complexes produced in this study showed sufficient anticancer activity but all did exhibit apoptotic properties and one of them also performed low cytotoxic activity against cell tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Data regarding stroke prevention strategies in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) are limited to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). This study aimed to evaluate real-life stroke prevention strategies for NVAF patients in the era of non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs). Methods: We established a cross-sectional, multicenter, nationwide registry of NVAF patients. All consecutive atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and without mechanical heart valves or rheumatic mitral stenosis (but including those with any degree of mitral regurgitation) were enrolled in the ReAl-life Multicenter Survey Evaluating Stroke Prevention Strategies (RAMSES Study; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02344901) in Turkey. Baseline demographic data, medical history, and medications prescribed for NVAF treatment were collected. Univariate analyses were performed for continuous variables, and the chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Results: In total, 6273 patients from 29 provinces of Turkey were enrolled in the study between February and May 2015, with the contribution of 83 investigators. The mean age was 69.6±10.7 years; 56% of the patients were females, and one-fifth of the patients had at least one comorbid disease, the most common being hypertension (69%). The mean CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores were 3.3±1.6 and 1.6±1.1, respectively. The rate of oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy use was 72% (37% NOAC and 35% VKA). Conclusion: The RAMSES study showed a higher prevalence of OAC use among NVAF patients than that reported in previous studies. Although NOACs were preferred over VKAs in daily cardiology practice, there is a need for improved OAC therapies for NVAF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, C11H6Cl2N2O2S, is a Schiff base that incorporates an N-bound 2,4-dichlorophenyl and a C-bound 5-nitrothiophene ring. The molecule is approximately planar, the maximum deviation from the mean plane being 0.233 (4) Å for the C=N N atom. The dihedral angle between the benzene and thiophene rings is 9.7 (2)°. The C=N double bond has an E configuration. The crystal structure features C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming sheets parallel to (101), and π-π stacking interactions between symmetry-related thiophene and benzene rings, in which the distance between adjacent ring centroids is 3.707 (4) Å, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Geometric parameters from quantum-chemical calculations are in good agreement with experimental X-ray diffraction results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decribes dilated cardiomyopathy in an 18-year-old man with Becker's Muscular Dystrophy (BMD). Correlation between the type of gene mutation and cardiac involvement; Initial manifestation of BMD; Importance of observing patient with mutations for cardiac involvement.

Five new cyanido-bridged coordination polymers having closed formulae [Ni(hydeten)Au2(CN)4] (C1), [Ni(hydeten)2Au2(CN)4]·H2O (C2), [Cu(hydeten)2Au2(CN)4]·CH3OH (C3), [Zn(hydeten)2 Au2(CN)4]·H2O (C4), and [Cd(hydeten)2Au2(CN)4]·H2O (C5) (hydeten: N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine) have been prepared and characterized by elemental, thermal, FT-IR and XRD (C3, C4 and C5) measurement techniques. The anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal activities of the complexes are also investigated. The C3, C4 and C5 units according to XRD analyses are linked to each other via–CN–M(hydeten)–NC–Au(1)–CN–M(hydeten)–CN– chains (MII = Cu, Zn and Cd) and aurophilic interacted –Au(1)(CN)2–Au(2)(CN)2–Au(1)(CN)2–Au(2)(CN)2– zig-zag shaped chains along the a axis. C1, C2 and C4 show significant antifungal effects against several plant pathogenic fungi, while surprisingly C3 exhibits a considerable antibacterial effect against Gram negative E. coli. The studies of the antiproliferative activity on Hela, HT29 and C6 tumor cell lines indicated the anticancer potential of these complexes even at low doses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of freezing rates on the spermatological parameters of frozen and thawed Saanen goat semen. Equilibrated semen was frozen at 4 different freezing rates from +5 °C to -150 °C (G10:10 °C/min, G12: 12 °C/min, G15: 15 °C/min, and G24: 24 °C/min) and stored in liquid nitrogen until use. Semen samples were examined for sperm motility, defective acrosomes (FITC-PSA), and DNA integrity using TUNEL after dilution with extender A at equilibration and postthaw stage. There was no significant difference among the freezing stages in terms of DNA fragmentation (P > 0.05). DNA integrity was partially affected by the freezing rate. The increase of freezing rate from 10 °C/min to 24 °C/min between +5 °C and -150 °C resulted in higher postthaw DNA damage. The study found that the freeze-thawing process is detrimental to postthawed goat semen motility (P < 0.05), acrosome integrity (P < 0.05), and DNA integrity (P > 0.05). Although the freezing rates used in the present study had no effect on postthaw sperm motility and acrosome integrity (P > 0.05), sperm DNA integrity was affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A tetradentate N- and O- donor, N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine, (N-bishydeten), has been employed to synthesize four new heterometallic cyanido complexes, [Ni2(N-bishydeten)2Co(CN)6]·3H2O (C1), [Cu2(N-bishydeten)2Co(CN)6]·3H2O (C2), [Zn2(N-bishydeten)2Co(CN)6]·5H2O (C3) and K[Cd(N-bishydeten)Co(CN)6]·1.5H2O (C4). Characterization of the complexes was performed using IR and EPR spectroscopy (for C2), thermal analysis and elemental analysis techniques. The crystal structure of C2 was determined by the X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. The asymmetric unit of C2 consists of cyanido-bridged trinuclear Cu1Cu2Co3 units {-CN-Cu1(N-bishydeten)-μ-O-Cu2(N-bishydeten)-NC-Co3(CN)4-CN-} and three water molecules. The water molecules are situated in the inter-fragment spaces. The [Cu2(N-bishydeten)2]2+ cations are linked to the [Co(CN)6]3− anions via two cyanido bridges to give a 1D neutral zigzag chain. One of two N-bishydeten cations bridges five coordinated Cu1 and six coordinated Cu2 through deprotonated η1-O2 and the charge of C2 is counterbalanced by this η1-O2. The IR spectrum of C2 is quite different from other complexes, three ν(C≡N) absorption bands were observed due to different cyanido groups in its structure. The thermal decomposition of C1–C4 is processed in multistages. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurement recorded in the 10–300 K range showed the presence of a strong antiferromagnetic exchange interaction in C2 between Cu1 and Cu2 by η1-O2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]