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The aim of this study was to investigate the gene effects that play a role in the inheritance of the anther culture response of the F1 and F2 populations obtained from the hybridization between the seven doubled haploid (DH) wheat line and four bread wheat cultivar using line × tester method as well as, to determine suitable parents and promising hybrids. Eleven parents and their twenty-eight hybrid combinations were examined for androgenic properties related to anther culture response such as the number of callus, green, albino, haploid, spontaneous DH and fertile plants. The obtained data were evaluated by the combining ability analysis calculated using the line × tester method and by estimating the heritability degrees. According to the results, for all traits examined, the non-additive gene effects were found as significant and narrow sense heritability at a low level. Significant combining ability effects have been identified for some parents and hybrids regarding traits examined. DH19, DH22, and Harmankaya-99 have been identified as suitable parents to develop the androgenic traits, while crosses formed between them have been determined as promising. A total of 444 plants (142 F1, 302 F2) were transferred to the greenhouse from the plants obtained from the anther culture, and 205 (68 in F1, 137 in F2) were fertile. Ninety-three of the fertile plants were obtained from the parents. The seeds of 112 DH plants obtained from hybrids were replicated to be used in breeding programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of zinc (Zn) on yield, yield components and Zn, manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) concentrations in seeds of four safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes. The research was performed, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for all the examined traits except harvest index in both years of study. Zinc application significantly affected the plant height, seed weight per plant and 1000-seed weight in the first year and the plant height, seed weight per plant, biological yield per plant, 1000-seed weight and harvest index of the genotypes during the second year. The results of the study showed that Zn uptake differed substantially among the safflower genotypes tested. The Zn, Cu and Mn concentrations in the seeds were increased by Zn application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]