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De nombreux patients atteints de cancer ont besoin de soins palliatifs et la grande majorité des personnes suivies en soins palliatifs sont atteintes de cancer. Dans le contexte de cancer, le risque de maladie thromboembolique veineuse (MTEV) est élevé, d'autant plus pendant la phase palliative avancée, lorsque la mobilité est limitée ou inexistante. Par ailleurs, les patients atteints de cancer et recevant des soins palliatifs présentent un risque hémorragique plus élevé que les autres patients. Dans ce contexte, la décision de traiter la MTEV ou de suspendre l'anticoagulation s'avère difficile à prendre et dépend largement du jugement du clinicien. Nous présentons dans cet article une proposition de consensus pour la prise en charge de la thrombose associée au cancer (TAC) chez les patients en soins palliatifs. Cette proposition s'appuie sur une revue systématique de la littérature scientifique récente. Chez les patients cancéreux en soins palliatifs avancés, le rapport bénéfice/risque de l'anticoagulation semble défavorable, avec un risque hémorragique plus élevé que le bénéfice associé à la prévention de la récidive des TAC, en l'absence de tout bénéfice sur la qualité de vie. Pour cette raison, nous recommandons que la décision de prescription des anticoagulants se fasse au cas par cas. Le choix de traiter ou pas, ainsi que le choix de l'anticoagulant prescrit, tiendront compte de l'espérance de vie et des préférences du patient, ainsi que de facteurs cliniques tels que le risque hémorragique estimé, le type de MTEV et le temps écoulé depuis le diagnostic de l'événement thromboembolique veineux. Many patients with cancer require palliative care at some stage and the vast majority of people followed in palliative care are cancer patients. Patients with cancer are at high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), and this is particularly true during the advanced palliative phase when mobility is limited or absent. Patients with cancer in palliative care are at higher bleeding risk compared to non-cancer patients. Decisions to treat VTE or withhold anticoagulation for these patients have proven to be difficult and depend largely on an individual clinician's judgment. For this reason, we have developed a consensus proposal for appropriate management of cancer-associated thromboembolism (CAT) in patients in palliative care, which is presented in this article. The proposal was informed by the recent scientific literature retrieved through a systematic literature review. In cancer patients in advanced palliative care, the benefit/risk ratio of anticoagulation seems unfavourable with a higher haemorrhagic risk than the benefit associated with prevention of CAT recurrence and, above all, in the absence of any benefit on quality of life. For this reason, we recommend that patients should be prescribed anticoagulants on a case-by-case basis. The choice of whether to treat, and with which type of treatment, should take into account anticipated life expectancy and patient preferences, as well as clinical factors such as the estimated bleeding risk, the type of VTE experienced and the time since the VTE event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Although older patients with restricted mobility are at increased risk for venous thromboembolism, they are under-represented in clinical trials evaluating prophylactic treatments against deep vein thrombosis (DVT). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether prolonged prophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is associated with a lower rate of DVT in older patients with restricted mobility. METHODS: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in 50 hospital-based, post-acute care facilities in France in 2001 and 2003. The studies included 1603 evaluable patients aged >or=65 years, including 866 LMWH users (median treatment duration 23 days; interquartile range 13-42) and 737 LMWH non-users. All patients underwent complete compression ultrasonography performed by board-certified vascular medicine physicians. The primary study outcome was proximal DVT. Propensity analyses were used to control for bias in LMWH treatment assignment. RESULTS: The rate of proximal DVT was 4% (35/866) and 5.7% (42/737) for LMWH users and non-users, respectively (p = 0.16). Prophylaxis with LMWH was associated with decreased odds of proximal DVT after adjusting for baseline characteristics (odds ratio [OR] 0.56; 95% CI 0.33, 0.95; p = 0.03) or quintile of propensity score (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.35, 0.99; p = 0.04). In propensity matched analysis, 342 LMWH users were at decreased odds of proximal DVT compared with 342 non-users (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.24, 1.00; p = 0.04). The decrease in proximal DVT was paralleled by a similar decrease in distal DVT. Compared with non-users, only high-risk dose users had decreased odds of DVT. CONCLUSIONs: In this observational study, prophylaxis with a high-risk dose of LMWH was associated with decreased odds of proximal DVT in older patients with restricted mobility. Further study is needed before recommending routine prophylaxis with LMWH in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with an increase in venous thrombotic and cardiovascular (CV) events has been reported during hospitalization. No systematic ultrasound follow-up to evaluate sequelae was ever that took place carried out prospectively associated with the evaluation of CV morbidity-mortality at 3 months post-discharge. Consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Amiens-Picardie University Hospital between 1st February and 31st August 2020 were included. The primary objective was the thrombosis incidence at 3 months after hospital discharge. Thrombosis was defined as either venous thromboembolism (VTE) or a CV event (CVE: myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or peripheral arterial disease). A secondary objective was to determine the risk factors for thrombotic events. We included 498 patients (279 men; 56%) of median age 66 (55-76) years. The primary composite outcome occurred in 27 patients (5.4%); 19 patients (3.8%) presented a CVE (stroke, n = 5; MI, n = 9; and peripheral arterial disease, n = 5). Two patients (0.8%) presented VTE. Six patients (1.2%) died. In multivariate analysis, a previous CVE was associated with thrombosis (OR 3.11; 95% CI 1.17-8.24). COVID-19 was significantly associated with thrombotic events post hospital discharge. Special attention should be given to CVE in the follow-up of patients with a previous thrombotic event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La thrombose liée au cathéter (TLC) est une complication relativement fréquente et potentiellement fatale chez les patients atteints de cancer qui nécessitent la pose d'un cathéter central pour un traitement intraveineux. Malgré sa fréquence et son retentissement clinique, peu de données sont disponibles pour guider le diagnostic et le traitement de la TLC. Aucune étude diagnostique ni aucun essai clinique n'ont été menés chez des patients porteurs d'un cathéter veineux central (CVC) dans un contexte de cancer. De nombreuses questions concernant la prise en charge optimale de la TLC restent ainsi sans réponse. En raison de la rareté de données de haut niveau de preuve, les recommandations sont dérivées des études sur la thrombose veineuse profonde des membres supérieurs pour le diagnostic, et des membres inférieurs pour le traitement. Cet article aborde les questions du diagnostic et de la prise en charge de la TLC à travers une revue de la littérature disponible. Chez les patients symptomatiques, l'échographie veineuse est l'examen d'imagerie le plus approprié en première ligne pour le diagnostic de la TLC, étant non invasive et ayant une performance diagnostique élevée (ce qui n'est pas le cas chez les patients asymptomatiques). En l'absence d'essais cliniques comparatifs directs, nous suggérons de traiter les patients atteints de TLC avec une héparine de bas poids moléculaire (HBPM) à dose curative, ou un inhibiteur direct du facteur Xa par voie orale (DXI), avec ou sans dose de charge. Les anticoagulants doivent être administrés pendant une durée totale d'au moins 3 mois, dont au moins 1 mois après le retrait du cathéter. Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is a relatively frequent and potentially fatal complication arising in patients with cancer who require a central catheter placement for intravenous treatment. In everyday practice, CRT remains a challenge for management; despite its frequency and its negative clinical impact, few data are available concerning diagnosis and treatment of CRT. In particular, no diagnostic studies or clinical trials have been published that included exclusively patients with cancer and a central venous catheter (CVC). For this reason, many questions regarding optimal management of CRT remain unanswered. Due to the paucity of high-grade evidence regarding CRT in cancer patients, guidelines are derived from upper extremity DVT studies for diagnosis, and from those for lower limb DVT for treatment. This article addresses the issues of diagnosis and management of CRT through a review of the available literature and makes a number of proposals based on the available evidence. In symptomatic patients, venous ultrasound is the most appropriate choice for first-line diagnostic imaging of CRT because it is noninvasive, and its diagnostic performance is high (which is not the case in asymptomatic patients). In the absence of direct comparative clinical trials, we suggest treating patients with CRT with a therapeutic dose of either a LMWH or a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor, with or without a loading dose. These anticoagulants should be given for a total of at least 3 months, including at least 1 month after catheter removal following initiation of therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article "Histological changes after implantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells for chronic critical limb ischemia," that was published in the March 26, 2007 issue.

The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Sodium valproate (VPA) is an anti-epileptic drug which was until now administered to children as drinkable or injectable form. A new galenic form of this compound has been developed as microgranules with prolonged release (Micropakine®LP; MPK). This new galenic form of VPA allows a greater stability of the plasmatic rates, thus limiting the risk of amount-dependent adverse effects at the time of the peaks, and of less effectiveness at the time of the fall of the circulating rates. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of the new galenic form of VPA, in monotherapy, for epileptic children with ≥3 years old. The evaluation was performed at day (D)90 by the patients using a hedonic visual scale. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the acceptability by the parents, the treatment compliance, the percentage of patients free of seizure at D 90, and the tolerance. Finally, the authors compared all these data to those recovered at the baseline in patients already treated by the previous drinkable VPA. A total of 307 patients were involved by 76 hospital neuropediatric physicians. The population was constituted by 110 children <5 years old and 197 children from 5 to 14 years old. MPK was well accepted for total population at D 90 (<5 years old: 83.3%; ≥5 years old: 80%). For patients previously treated by drinkable form of VPA (N =199), MPK was significantly better accepted than the drinkable form at D1 (<5 years, P =0.0189; ≥5 years, P <0.0001). Less difficulties were experienced by the parents to administrate MPK when compared to the drinkable form (P <0.001), mainly due to his neutral taste. Patients free of seizure at D 90 were 77% [70,3; 82,5]. Specially, fewer epileptic seizures were evidenced for all children previously treated at D1 by drinkable form of VPA. The treatment was well respected by the patients, which were compliant in 80% of the cases. The adherence to treatment was good since the treatment compliance was 87%. MPK was well tolerated. Conclusion. – MPK in the microgranule form significantly improves the treatment acceptability with a good tolerance. Two daily intakes and neutral taste are two major advantages to favour the compliance in children, thus contributing to the efficacy of the antiepileptic treatment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The publisher regrets that this article has been temporarily removed. A replacement will appear as soon as possible in which the reason for the removal of the article will be specified, or the article will be reinstated. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives Autologous transplantation of either bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells (MNC) induces therapeutic angiogenesis in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Yet, the precise nature of the cellular product obtained from BM or PB and used in these therapeutic strategies remains unclear. Materials and Methods We have analysed the characteristics of BM-MNC and PB-MNC collected without mobilization and implanted in patients with critical limb ischaemia in a clinical trial of cellular therapy including 16 individuals treated by BM-MNC and eight by PB-MNC. These MNCs were characterized by cell counts, viability assessment and enumeration of leucocyte subsets, CD34 stem and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) (CD34+/CD133+/VEGF-R2+) by flow cytometry. Mean fluorescence intensity ratios were determined for CD34, CD133 and VEGF-R2 markers. All analyses were simultaneously performed in two laboratories. Results Accuracy and reliability between both laboratories were achieved. BM-MNCs and PB-MNCs were quantitatively and qualitatively heterogeneous and quite different from each other. Stem cells and EPCs were significantly more present in BM- compared to PB-cell products, but with similar mean fluorescence intensity ratios. A weakly positive correlation was observed between CD34+ cell counts and EPCs levels, confirming the specificity of cell identification. Conclusion A great variability was observed in cell product characteristics according to their origin and also between individuals. These data stress the necessity of optimal characterization of cell products especially in multicentric clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]