Search

Present is a low-cost and environmentally beneficial approach for producing silver nanoparticles from discarded pineapple leaves utilising microwave-assisted extraction. AgNPs are produced environmentally friendly using a straightforward reduction technique and silver nitrate. The ideal conditions for green synthesis are determined by taking into account a number of factors, such as the silver nitrate concentration (5–25 mM), the incubation period (2–24 h), and the sample volume (2–8 mL). The reduction of silver metal ions into silver nanoparticles is indicated by the appearance of an absorption band in the UV-Vis spectro-photometer between 400 and 500 nm. Longer run times, higher silver nitrate solution concentrations, and larger sample volumes are all observed to improve absorption intensity. The green synthesised silver nanoparticles range in size from 40 to 150 nm and exhibit hexagonal spherical shapes, according to FE-SEM studies. Furthermore, the presence of green synthesised AgNPs is confirmed by FTIR and XRD studies. In comparison to non-microwave-assisted treatment, silver nanoparticles treated with a microwave show increased antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Silver nanoparticles must be present at a minimum of 60 g/mL to suppress bacterial growth. Overall, this study provides an avenue with substantial potential for the environmentally friendly and economically advantageous green synthesis of silver nanoparticles employing the microwave-assisted technique [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the second half of the 20th century, our knowledge about the biology of cancer has made extraordinary progress. Today, we understand cancer at the genomic and epigenomic levels, and we have identified the cell that starts neoplastic transformation and characterized the mechanisms for the invasion of other tissues. This knowledge has allowed novel drugs to be designed that act on specific molecular targets, the immune system to be trained and manipulated to increase its efficiency, and ever more effective therapeutic strategies to be developed. Nevertheless, we are still far from winning the war against cancer, and thus biomedical research in oncology must continue to be a global priority. Likewise, there is a need to reduce unequal access to medical services and improve prevention programs, especially in countries with a low human development index. Effective cancer therapy is still a great challenge for modern medical research due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, and the limitations commonly associated with currently used cancer therapeutic options. Nanotechnology has been implemented in cancer therapeutics with immense potential for improving cancer treatment. Through information about the recent advances regarding cancer hallmarks, we could comprehensively understand the pharmacological effects and explore the mechanisms of the interaction between the nanomaterials, which could provide opportunities to develop mechanism-based nanomedicine to treat human cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]