30 results on '"Salvio, Gianmaria"'
Search Results
2. Night shift work and serum markers of bone turnover in male shift workers.
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Martelli, Margherita, Salvio, Gianmaria, Lazzarini, Raffaella, Milinkovic, Marijana, Ciarloni, Alessandro, Balercia, Giancarlo, Santarelli, Lory, and Bracci, Massimo
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SHIFT systems , *BONE remodeling , *NIGHT work , *MALE employees , *BIOMARKERS , *BONE density , *VITAMIN D , *CALCIUM supplements - Abstract
Night shift work is related to sleep disorders, disruption of circadian rhythm and low serum levels of vitamin D. It is known that all these conditions can adversely affect bone mass. The rate of bone turnover can be assessed through the measurement of molecules called bone turnover markers, including C-terminal telopeptide fragment of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP). In this study, we evaluated the serum levels of CTX, P1NP and 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D in 82 male subjects (42 daytime workers and 40 night shift workers) to assess the possible risk of osteoporosis in male shift workers. Serum levels of CTX and P1NP were found to be higher in night shift workers than in daytime workers. No significant difference was found in vitamin D levels between night shift and daytime workers. The increased CTX and P1NP levels reveal a higher rate of bone turnover in night shift workers and thus a possible increased risk of osteoporosis in this category of workers compared with daytime workers. In view of this, our results highlight the importance of further studies investigating the bone health in male night shift workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. Homocysteine levels correlate with velocimetric parameters in patients with erectile dysfunction undergoing penile duplex ultrasound.
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Salvio, Gianmaria, Ciarloni, Alessandro, Cordoni, Simone, Cutini, Melissa, Muti, Nicola Delli, Finocchi, Federica, Firmani, Francesca, Giovannini, Lara, Perrone, Michele, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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DUPLEX ultrasonography , *IMPOTENCE , *HOMOCYSTEINE , *ULTRASONIC imaging , *BODY mass index , *INVERSE relationships (Mathematics) - Abstract
Introduction: Hyperhomocysteinemia may contribute to the development of endothelial dysfunction and, consequently, atherosclerosis, a systemic disease involving the vessels that may affect the cavernous arteries leading to vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. Our study aims therefore to explore the relationship between homocysteine levels and velocimetric parameters detected by basal penile duplex ultrasound such as peak systolic velocity and flaccid penile acceleration in patients with erectile dysfunction. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted collecting clinical, metabolic, hormonal, and instrumental (basal penile duplex ultrasound) data in patients affected by vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. Results: Data of 126 subjects affected by erectile dysfunction were collected. Mean age was 52.1 ± 12.6 years, whereas mean body mass index was 25.6 ± 4.0 kg/m2. Basal penile duplex ultrasound showed peak systolic velocity values of 13.1 ± 2.9 cm/s and mean flaccid penile acceleration of 2.28 ± 0.70 m/s2, with a strong correlation among these two parameters (r = 0.690; p < 0.001). Frankly pathological values of peak systolic velocity and flaccid penile acceleration were detected in 39.7% and 4.8% of the subjects examined, respectively. Mean homocysteine levels were 14.9 ± 9.5 μmol/l. Homocysteine values >15 μmol/l were found in 26% of the subjects with erectile dysfunction. Peak systolic velocity values and homocysteine levels showed an inverse correlation (r = –0.213; p = 0.03). Similarly, flaccid penile acceleration values were inversely correlated to homocysteine levels (r = –0.199; p = 0.05). In addition, an inverse correlation was found between both peak systolic velocity and flaccid penile acceleration and body mass index, atherogenic lipid pattern, and age. Homocysteine and metabolic parameters showed no significant correlations. Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinemia is highly prevalent in erectile dysfunction patients. The results of our study show that homocysteine levels correlate with velocimetric parameters assessed by basal penile duplex ultrasound, confirming the role of hyperhomocysteinemia in the genesis of erectile dysfunction of arterial origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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4. Bone Metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 Disease: Possible Osteoimmunology and Gender Implications.
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Salvio, Gianmaria, Gianfelice, Claudio, Firmani, Francesca, Lunetti, Stefano, Balercia, Giancarlo, and Giacchetti, Gilberta
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BONE resorption , *BONE metabolism , *SARS-CoV-2 , *COVID-19 , *VITAMIN D deficiency , *DIETARY supplements - Abstract
Even though inflammatory conditions are known to exert adverse effects on bone metabolism, there are no published data regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent fracture risk. We present a brief review of the molecular mechanisms linking inflammatory diseases to increased fracture risk/osteoporosis and of the therapeutic strategies that can prevent bone resorption in patients with inflammatory disease, focusing on the RANK-RANKL system. We also make some considerations on gender differences in infection response and on their implications for survival and for the consequences of COVID-19. Several inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, stimulate osteoclast activity, favoring bone resorption through the RANK-RANKL system. Data from the previous SARS-CoV outbreak suggest that the present disease also has the potential to act directly on bone resorption units, although confirmation is clearly needed. Even though the available data are limited, the RANK-RANKL system may provide the best therapeutic target to prevent bone resorption after COVID-19 disease. Vitamin D supplementation in case of deficiency could definitely be beneficial for bone metabolism, as well as for the immune system. Supplementation of vitamin D in case of deficiency could be further advantageous. In COVID-19 patients, it would be useful to measure the bone metabolism markers and vitamin D. Targeting the RANK-RANKL system should be a priority, and denosumab could represent a safe and effective choice. In the near future, every effort should be made to investigate the fracture risk after SARS-CoV-2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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5. Metabolic Syndrome and Male Fertility: Beyond Heart Consequences of a Complex Cardiometabolic Endocrinopathy.
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Salvio, Gianmaria, Ciarloni, Alessandro, Cutini, Melissa, delli Muti, Nicola, Finocchi, Federica, Perrone, Michele, Rossi, Silvia, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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METABOLIC syndrome , *FERTILITY , *MALE infertility , *SEMEN analysis , *SEDENTARY behavior , *INFERTILITY ,CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality - Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent condition among adult males, affecting up to 41% of men in Europe. It is characterized by the association of obesity, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, which lead to premature morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Male infertility is another common condition which accounts for about 50% of cases of couple infertility worldwide. Interestingly, male infertility and MetS shares several risk factors (e.g., smoking, ageing, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption), leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increased oxidative stress (OS), and resulting in endothelial dysfunction and altered semen quality. Thus, the present narrative review aims to discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms which link male infertility and MetS and to investigate the latest available evidence on the reproductive consequences of MetS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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6. Global Practice Patterns and Variations in the Medical and Surgical Management of Non- Obstructive Azoospermia: Results of a World-Wide Survey, Guidelines and Expert Recommendations.
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Rambhatla, Amarnath, Shah, Rupin, Ziouziou, Imad, Kothari, Priyank, Salvio, Gianmaria, Gul, Murat, Hamoda, Taha, Kavoussi, Parviz, Atmoko, Widi, Toprak, Tuncay, Birowo, Ponco, Ko, Edmund, Arafa, Mohamed, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, Chung, Eric, Harraz, Ahmed M., and Martinez, Marlon
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KLINEFELTER'S syndrome , *PHYSICIAN practice patterns , *AZOOSPERMIA , *FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone , *HYPOGONADISM - Abstract
Purpose: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a common, but complex problem, with multiple therapeutic options and a lack of clear guidelines. Hence, there is considerable controversy and marked variation in the management of NOA. This survey evaluates contemporary global practices related to medical and surgical management for patients with NOA. Materials and Methods: A 56-question online survey covering various aspects of the evaluation and management of NOA was sent to specialists around the globe. This paper analyzes the results of the second half of the survey dealing with the management of NOA. Results have been compared to current guidelines, and expert recommendations have been provided using a Delphi process. Results: Participants from 49 countries submitted 336 valid responses. Hormonal therapy for 3 to 6 months was suggested before surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) by 29.6% and 23.6% of participants for normogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism respectively. The SSR rate was reported as 50.0% by 26.0% to 50.0% of participants. Interestingly, 46.0% reported successful SSR in <10% of men with Klinefelter syndrome and 41.3% routinely recommended preimplantation genetic testing. Varicocele repair prior to SSR is recommended by 57.7%. Half of the respondents (57.4%) reported using ultrasound to identify the most vascularized areas in the testis for SSR. One-third proceed directly to microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) in every case of NOA while others use a staged approach. After a failed conventional TESE, 23.8% wait for 3 months, while 33.1% wait for 6 months before proceeding to mTESE. The cut-off of follicle-stimulating hormone for positive SSR was reported to be 12–19 IU/mL by 22.5% of participants and 20–40 IU/mL by 27.8%, while 31.8% reported no upper limit. Conclusions: This is the largest survey to date on the real-world medical and surgical management of NOA by reproductive experts. It demonstrates a diverse practice pattern and highlights the need for evidence-based international consensus guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2025
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7. Hypothalamic–Pituitary Diseases and Erectile Dysfunction.
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Salvio, Gianmaria, Martino, Marianna, Giancola, Giulia, Arnaldi, Giorgio, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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IMPOTENCE , *CUSHING'S syndrome , *PITUITARY diseases , *PENILE erection , *PITUITARY dwarfism , *HORMONE deficiencies - Abstract
Several hormones contribute to ensure penile erection, a neurovascular phenomenon in which nitric oxide plays a major role. Erectile dysfunction (ED), which is defined as the persistent inability to obtain or maintain penile erection sufficient for a satisfactory sexual performance, may be due to arteriogenic, neurogenic, iatrogenic, but also endocrinological causes. The hypothalamus–pituitary axis plays a central role in the endocrine system and represents a fundamental link between the brain and peripheral glands, including gonads. Therefore, the hormonal production of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis can control various aspects of sexual function and its dysregulation can compromise erectile function. In addition, excess and deficiency of pituitary hormones or metabolic alterations that are associated with some pituitary diseases (e.g., Cushing's disease and acromegaly, hypopituitarism) can determine the development of ED with different mechanisms. Thus, the present review aimed to explore the relationship between hypothalamic and pituitary diseases based on the most recent clinical and experimental evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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8. Hyperhomocysteinemia: Focus on Endothelial Damage as a Cause of Erectile Dysfunction.
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Salvio, Gianmaria, Ciarloni, Alessandro, Cutini, Melissa, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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IMPOTENCE , *HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *ENDOTHELIUM diseases , *BLOOD flow , *GLYCOCALYX - Abstract
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to maintain and/or achieve a satisfactory erection. This condition can be influenced by the presence of atherosclerosis, a systemic pathology of the vessels that also affects the cavernous arteries and which can cause an alteration of blood flow at penile level. Among the cardiovascular risk factors affecting the genesis of atherosclerosis, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcys) plays a central role, which is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. This review focuses on the biological processes that lead to homocysteine-induced endothelial damage and discusses the consequences of HHcys on male sexual function [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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9. Pembrolizumab-induced Thyroiditis, Hypophysitis and Adrenalitis: A Case of Triple Endocrine Dysfunction.
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Rossi, Silvia, Silvetti, Francesca, Bordoni, Monia, Ciarloni, Alessandro, Salvio, Gianmaria, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors , *AUTOIMMUNE diseases , *SYMPTOMS , *STEROID drugs , *LEVOTHYROXINE , *ADRENAL insufficiency - Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor drugs can trigger autoimmune endocrine reactions as a known side effect. Several cases of immunotherapy-induced autoimmune endocrinopathies have been described, but multiple sequential endocrine toxicities are a rare occurrence. A 39-year-old patient with metastatic melanoma started adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab. One month later he presented with asymptomatic thyrotoxicosis and, within several weeks, overt hypothyroidism, for which he started levothyroxine therapy. Subsequently the patient developed central adrenal insufficiency due to probable hypophysitis, and steroid replacement therapy was started. Pembrolizumab therapy was then discontinued. After a few months, a full recovery of pituitary function was observed, but primary adrenal insufficiency occurred, requiring additional fludrocortisone therapy. The described clinical case is a very uncommon case of triple endocrinological toxicity from immunotherapy. The clinical and biochemical manifestations of immunotherapy-induced endocrinopathies can be variable and atypical; therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to any clue of hormonal dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Global Practice Patterns in the Evaluation of Non-Obstructive Azoospermia: Results of a World-Wide Survey and Expert Recommendations.
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Shah, Rupin, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Atmoko, Widi, Martinez, Marlon, Ziouziou, Imad, Kothari, Priyank, Tadros, Nicholas, Vinh Phuoc, Nguyen Ho, Kavoussi, Parviz, Harraz, Ahmed, Salvio, Gianmaria, Gul, Murat, Hamoda, Taha, Toprak, Tuncay, Birowo, Ponco, Ko, Edmund, Arafa, Mohamed, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Karthikeyan, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan, and Saleh, Ramadan
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AZOOSPERMIA , *Y chromosome , *FOLLICLE-stimulating hormone , *LUTEINIZING hormone , *SEMEN - Abstract
Purpose: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) represents the persistent absence of sperm in ejaculate without obstruction, stemming from diverse disease processes. This survey explores global practices in NOA diagnosis, comparing them with guidelines and offering expert recommendations. Materials and Methods: A 56-item questionnaire survey on NOA diagnosis and management was conducted globally from July to September 2022. This paper focuses on part 1, evaluating NOA diagnosis. Data from 367 participants across 49 countries were analyzed descriptively, with a Delphi process used for expert recommendations. Results: Of 336 eligible responses, most participants were experienced attending physicians (70.93%). To diagnose azoospermia definitively, 81.7% requested two semen samples. Commonly ordered hormone tests included serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (97.0%), total testosterone (92.9%), and luteinizing hormone (86.9%). Genetic testing was requested by 66.6%, with karyotype analysis (86.2%) and Y chromosome microdeletions (88.3%) prevalent. Diagnostic testicular biopsy, distinguishing obstructive azoospermia (OA) from NOA, was not performed by 45.1%, while 34.6% did it selectively. Differentiation relied on physical examination (76.1%), serum hormone profiles (69.6%), and semen tests (68.1%). Expectations of finding sperm surgically were higher in men with normal FSH, larger testes, and a history of sperm in ejaculate. Conclusions: This expert survey, encompassing 367 participants from 49 countries, unveils congruence with recommended guidelines in NOA diagnosis. However, noteworthy disparities in practices suggest a need for evidence-based, international consensus guidelines to standardize NOA evaluation, addressing existing gaps in professional recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Impact of Varicocele on Testicular Oxidative Stress and Sperm Parameters in Experimental Animals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Saleh, Ramadan, Finocchi, Federica, Juma, Almas Ramadhani, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Kahraman, Oguzhan, Söğütdelen, Emrullah, Sokolakis, Ioannis, Vishwakarma, Ranjit B., Bahar, Fahmi, Harraz, Ahmed M., Kavoussi, Parviz, Atmoko, Widi, Chung, Eric, Kumar, Naveen, Zohdy, Wael, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Arafa, Mohamed, Nguyen Ho Vinh Phuoc, and Salvio, Gianmaria
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SEMEN analysis , *REACTIVE oxygen species , *SPERM motility , *SPERM count , *VARICOCELE - Abstract
Purpose: Varicocele has been associated with high seminal oxidative stress (OS), impaired semen quality, and reduced male fertility potential. However, the exact mechanism(s) underlying the development of varicocele-mediated infertility and the cause-effect relationship between varicocele and testicular dysfunction are not fully understood. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) is to investigate the impact of varicocele on testicular OS markers and sperm parameters in experimental animals with varicocele as compared to animals without varicocele. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed using the Scopus and PubMed databases on studies that investigated testicular OS markers and sperm parameters in animals with varicocele. The primary outcomes included malondialdehyde (MDA) (nmol/mg) levels whereas the secondary outcomes included total sperm count (×106 ), sperm vitality (%), total sperm motility (%), and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) (%). Standardized mean difference (SMD) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was chosen to express the effect size. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Cambridge Quality Checklist. Results: Out of 76 identified articles, 6 studies on rats were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis showed a significant increase of MDA (SMD: 15.61 [1.93, 29.29]; p=0.03) in rats with varicocele vs. controls. We also observed a significant decrease in total sperm count (SMD: -17.45 [-28.97, -5.93]; p<0.01), sperm vitality (SMD: -16.41 [-26.30, -6.52]; p<0.01), total sperm motility (SMD: -17.67 [-24.90, -10.44]; p<0.01), and a significant increase of SDF (SMD: 7.41 [1.23, 13.59]; p=0.02), in rats with varicocele vs. controls. The quality of the included studies was ranked as high. Conclusions: This SRMA indicates a significant increase in levels of testicular MDA and SDF and a reduction of sperm quality in experimental animals with varicocele. These findings support the potential role of testicular OS in the development of varicocele-induced testicular damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Effects of Varicocele Repair on Sperm DNA Fragmentation and Seminal Malondialdehyde Levels in Infertile Men with Clinical Varicocele: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Cannarella, Rossella, Shah, Rupin, Saleh, Ramadan, Boitrelle, Florence, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Singh, Rajender, Salvio, Gianmaria, Toprak, Tuncay, Falcone, Marco, Gul, Murat, Dimitriadis, Fotios, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Russo, Giorgio I., Ko, Edmund, Zini, Armand, Kavoussi, Parviz, Vinh Phuoc, Nguyen Ho, Kandil, Hussein, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, and Birowo, Ponco
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VARICOCELE , *DNA , *MALONDIALDEHYDE , *META-analysis - Abstract
Purpose: Varicoceles can be a source of elevated seminal oxidative stress (OS) and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). However, it remains unclear whether varicocele repair (VR) could reduce these parameters. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) aims to investigate the impact of VR on SDF and seminal malondialdehyde (MDA). Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane databases. This SRMA included randomized controlled trials and observational studies reporting the pre- and postoperative levels of SDF and seminal OS in infertile men with clinical varicocele that underwent VR. Subgroup analyses included techniques of VR and SDF testing. The effect size was expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD). Results: Out of 1,632 abstracts assessed for eligibility, 29 studies with 1,491 infertile men were included. The analysis showed a significant reduction in SDF after VR, compared to preoperative values (SMD –1.125, 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.410, –0.840; p<0.0001) with high inter-study heterogeneity (I2 =90.965%). Reduction in SDF was evident with microsurgical technique and non-microsurgical inguinal approaches (SMD –1.014, 95% CI –1.263, –0.765; p<0.0001, and SMD –1.495, 95% CI –2.116, –0.873; p<0.0001), respectively. Reduction in SDF was significant irrespective of testing was done by sperm chromatin dispersion (SMD –2.197, 95% CI –3.187, –1.207; p<0.0001), sperm chromatin structure assay (SMD –0.857, 95% CI –1.156, –0.559; p<0.0001) or TUNEL (SMD –1.599, 95% CI –2.478, –0.719; p<0.0001). A significant decrease in seminal MDA levels was observed following VR (SMD –2.450, 95% CI –3.903 to –0.997, p=0.001) with high inter-study heterogeneity (I2 =93.7%). Conclusions: Using pre- and post-intervention data, this SRMA indicates a significant reduction in SDF and seminal MDA levels in infertile men with clinical varicocele treated with VR. These findings may have important implications for the future management of this selected group of infertile patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Technical Aspects and Clinical Limitations of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Testing in Male Infertility: A Global Survey, Current Guidelines, and Expert Recommendations.
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Agarwal, Ashok, Farkouh, Ala’a, Saleh, Ramadan, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Salvio, Gianmaria, Boitrelle, Florence, Harraz, Ahmed M., Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Kavoussi, Parviz, Gül, Murat, Toprak, Tuncay, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Birowo, Ponco, Cannarella, Rossella, Nguyen Ho Vinh Phuoc, Zini, Armand, Arafa, Mohamed, and Wyns, Christine
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MALE infertility , *SEMEN analysis , *DELPHI method , *INTERNET surveys , *SPERMATOZOA - Abstract
Purpose: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is a functional sperm abnormality that can impact reproductive potential, for which four assays have been described in the recently published sixth edition of the WHO laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. The purpose of this study was to examine the global practices related to the use of SDF assays and investigate the barriers and limitations that clinicians face in incorporating these tests into their practice. Materials and Methods: Clinicians managing male infertility were invited to complete an online survey on practices related to SDF diagnostic and treatment approaches. Their responses related to the technical aspects of SDF testing, current professional society guidelines, and the literature were used to generate expert recommendations via the Delphi method. Finally, challenges related to SDF that the clinicians encounter in their daily practice were captured. Results: The survey was completed by 436 reproductive clinicians. Overall, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) is the most commonly used assay chosen by 28.6%, followed by the sperm chromatin structure assay (24.1%), and the sperm chromatin dispersion (19.1%). The choice of the assay was largely influenced by availability (70% of respondents). A threshold of 30% was the most selected cut-off value for elevated SDF by 33.7% of clinicians. Of respondents, 53.6% recommend SDF testing after 3 to 5 days of abstinence. Although 75.3% believe SDF testing can provide an explanation for many unknown causes of infertility, the main limiting factors selected by respondents are a lack of professional society guideline recommendations (62.7%) and an absence of globally accepted references for SDF interpretation (50.3%). Conclusions: This study represents the largest global survey on the technical aspects of SDF testing as well as the barriers encountered by clinicians. Unified global recommendations regarding clinician implementation and standard laboratory interpretation of SDF testing are crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. Does Varicocele Repair Improve Conventional Semen Parameters? A Meta-Analytic Study of Before-After Data.
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Cannarella, Rossella, Shah, Rupin, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Boitrelle, Florence, Saleh, Ramadan, Gul, Murat, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Kavoussi, Parviz, Toprak, Tuncay, Harraz, Ahmed M., Ko, Edmund, Çeker, Gökhan, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Alkahidi, Noora, Shinnosuke Kuroda, Crafa, Andrea, Henkel, Ralf, Salvio, Gianmaria, Hazir, Berk, and Darbandi, Mahsa
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VARICOCELE , *SEMEN analysis , *META-analysis , *SPERM motility , *MALE infertility - Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this meta-analysis is to study the impact of varicocele repair in the largest cohort of infertile males with clinical varicocele by including all available studies, with no language restrictions, comparing intra-person conventional semen parameters before and after the repair of varicoceles. Materials and Methods The meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA-P and MOOSE guidelines. A systematic search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases. Eligible studies were selected according to the PICOS model (Population: infertile male patients with clinical varicocele; Intervention: varicocele repair; Comparison: intra-person before-after varicocele repair; Outcome: conventional semen parameters; Study type: randomized controlled trials [RCTs], observational and case-control studies).Out of 1,632 screened abstracts, 351 articles (23 RCTs, 292 observational, and 36 case-control studies) were included in the quantitative analysis. The before-and-after analysis showed significant improvements in all semen parameters after varicocele repair (except sperm vitality); semen volume: standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.203, 95% CI: 0.129–0.278; p<0.001; I²=83.62%, Egger’s p=0.3329; sperm concentration: SMD 1.590, 95% CI: 1.474–1.706; p<0.001; I²=97.86%, Egger’s p<0.0001; total sperm count: SMD 1.824, 95% CI: 1.526–2.121; p<0.001; I²=97.88%, Egger’s p=0.0063; total motile sperm count: SMD 1.643, 95% CI: 1.318–1.968; p<0.001; I²=98.65%, Egger’s p=0.0003; progressive sperm motility: SMD 1.845, 95% CI: 1.537%–2.153%; p<0.001; I²=98.97%, Egger’s p<0.0001; total sperm motility: SMD 1.613, 95% CI 1.467%–1.759%; p<0.001; l2=97.98%, Egger’s p<0.001; sperm morphology: SMD 1.066, 95% CI 0.992%–1.211%; p<0.001; I²=97.87%, Egger’s p=0.1864. Conclusions The current meta-analysis is the largest to date using paired analysis on varicocele patients. In the current meta-analysis, almost all conventional semen parameters improved significantly following varicocele repair in infertile patients with clinical varicocele. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. Artificial Intelligence in Andrology: From Semen Analysis to Image Diagnostics.
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Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Cannarella, Rossella, Calogero, Aldo E., Shah, Rupin, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Zohdy, Wael, Kavoussi, Parviz, Avidor-Reiss, Tomer, Boitrelle, Florence, Mostafa, Taymour, Saleh, Ramadan, Toprak, Tuncay, Birowo, Ponco, Salvio, Gianmaria, Calik, Gokhan, Shinnosuke Kuroda, Kaiyal, Raneen Sawaid, Ziouziou, Imad, Crafa, Andrea, and Nguyen Ho Vinh Phuoc
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ANDROLOGY , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence in medicine , *SEMEN analysis , *MEDICAL informatics , *REPRODUCTIVE health , *DIAGNOSTIC imaging - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has gained a lot of momentum in the last decades and has been applied to various fields of medicine. Advances in computer science, medical informatics, robotics, and the need for personalized medicine have facilitated the role of AI in modern healthcare. Similarly, as in other fields, AI applications, such as machine learning, artificial neural networks, and deep learning, have shown great potential in andrology and reproductive medicine. AI-based tools are poised to become valuable assets with abilities to support and aid in diagnosing and treating male infertility, and in improving the accuracy of patient care. These automated, AI-based predictions may offer consistency and efficiency in terms of time and cost in infertility research and clinical management. In andrology and reproductive medicine, AI has been used for objective sperm, oocyte, and embryo selection, prediction of surgical outcomes, cost-effective assessment, development of robotic surgery, and clinical decision-making systems. In the future, better integration and implementation of AI into medicine will undoubtedly lead to pioneering evidence-based breakthroughs and the reshaping of andrology and reproductive medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. Vitamin D and Male Sexual Function: A Transversal and Longitudinal Study.
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Tirabassi, Giacomo, Sudano, Maurizio, Salvio, Gianmaria, Cutini, Melissa, Muscogiuri, Giovanna, Corona, Giovanni, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of vitamin D , *MEN'S sexual behavior , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *TESTOSTERONE , *PARAMETERS (Statistics) - Abstract
Background. The effects of vitamin D on sexual function are very unclear. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the possible association between vitamin D and sexual function and at assessing the influence of vitamin D administration on sexual function. Methods. We retrospectively studied 114 men by evaluating clinical, biochemical, and sexual parameters. A subsample (n=41) was also studied longitudinally before and after vitamin D replacement therapy. Results. In the whole sample, after performing logistic regression models, higher levels of 25(OH) vitamin D were significantly associated with high values of total testosterone and of all the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire parameters. On the other hand, higher levels of total testosterone were positively and significantly associated with high levels of erectile function and IIEF total score. After vitamin D replacement therapy, total and free testosterone increased and erectile function improved, whereas other sexual parameters did not change significantly. At logistic regression analysis, higher levels of vitamin D increase (Δ-) were significantly associated with high values of Δ-erectile function after adjustment for Δ-testosterone. Conclusions. Vitamin D is important for the wellness of male sexual function, and vitamin D administration improves sexual function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Controversy and Consensus on Indications for Sperm DNA Fragmentation Testing in Male Infertility: A Global Survey, Current Guidelines, and Expert Recommendations.
- Author
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Agarwal, Ashok, Farkouh, Ala’a, Saleh, Ramadan, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Harraz, Ahmed M., Kavoussi, Parviz, Arafa, Mohamed, Salvio, Gianmaria, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Toprak, Tuncay, Gül, Murat, Vinh Phuoc, Nguyen Ho, Boitrelle, Florence, Birowo, Ponco, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Cannarella, Rossella, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Zini, Armand, and Wyns, Christine
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DNA , *MALE infertility , *PROFESSIONALISM , *INFERTILITY , *ANDROGENS - Abstract
Purpose: Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing was recently added to the sixth edition of the World Health Organization laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. Many conditions and risk factors have been associated with elevated SDF; therefore, it is important to identify the population of infertile men who might benefit from this test. The purpose of this study was to investigate global practices related to indications for SDF testing, compare the relevant professional society guideline recommendations, and provide expert recommendations. Materials and Methods: Clinicians managing male infertility were invited to take part in a global online survey on SDF clinical practices. This was conducted following the CHERRIES checklist criteria. The responses were compared to professional society guideline recommendations related to SDF and the appropriate available evidence. Expert recommendations on indications for SDF testing were then formulated, and the Delphi method was used to reach consensus. Results: The survey was completed by 436 experts from 55 countries. Almost 75% of respondents test for SDF in all or some men with unexplained or idiopathic infertility, 39% order it routinely in the work-up of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and 62.2% investigate SDF in smokers. While 47% of reproductive urologists test SDF to support the decision for varicocele repair surgery when conventional semen parameters are normal, significantly fewer general urologists (23%; p=0.008) do the same. Nearly 70% would assess SDF before assisted reproductive technologies (ART), either always or for certain conditions. Recurrent ART failure is a common indication for SDF testing. Very few society recommendations were found regarding SDF testing. Conclusions: This article presents the largest global survey on the indications for SDF testing in infertile men, and demonstrates diverse practices. Furthermore, it highlights the paucity of professional society guideline recommendations. Expert recommendations are proposed to help guide clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Impact of Varicocele Repair on Semen Parameters in Infertile Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Agarwal, Ashok, Cannarella, Rossella, Saleh, Ramadan, Boitrelle, Florence, Gül, Murat, Toprak, Tuncay, Salvio, Gianmaria, Arafa, Mohamed, Russo, Giorgio I., Harraz, Ahmed M., Singh, Rajender, Garrido, Nicolas, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Kavoussi, Parviz, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Çalik, Gökhan, Saini, Pallavi, Ceyhan, Erman, and Dimitriadis, Fotios
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VARICOCELE , *SEMEN , *MALE infertility , *SPERM count , *REPRODUCTIVE technology - Abstract
Purpose: Despite the significant role of varicocele in the pathogenesis of male infertility, the impact of varicocele repair (VR) on conventional semen parameters remains controversial. Only a few systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) have evaluated the impact of VR on sperm concentration, total motility, and progressive motility, mostly using a before-after analytic approach. No SRMA to date has evaluated the change in conventional semen parameters after VR compared to untreated controls. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of VR on conventional semen parameters in infertile patients with clinical varicocele compared to untreated controls. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed using Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases following the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICOS) model (Population: infertile patients with clinical varicocele; Intervention: VR [any technique]; Comparison: infertile patients with clinical varicocele that were untreated; Outcome: sperm concentration, sperm total count, progressive sperm motility, total sperm motility, sperm morphology, and semen volume; Study type: randomized controlled trials and observational studies). Results: A total of 1,632 abstracts were initially assessed for eligibility. Sixteen studies were finally included with a total of 2,420 infertile men with clinical varicocele (1,424 patients treated with VR vs. 996 untreated controls). The analysis showed significantly improved post-operative semen parameters in patients compared to controls with regards to sperm concentration (standardized mean difference [SMD] 1.739; 95% CI 1.129 to 2.349; p<0.001; I2 =97.6%), total sperm count (SMD 1.894; 95% CI 0.566 to 3.222; p<0.05; I2 =97.8%), progressive sperm motility (SMD 3.301; 95% CI 2.164 to 4.437; p<0.01; I² =98.5%), total sperm motility (SMD 0.887; 95% CI 0.036 to 1.738; p=0.04; I² =97.3%) and normal sperm morphology (SMD 1.673; 95% CI 0.876 to 2.470; p<0.05; I2 =98.5%). All the outcomes showed a high inter-study heterogeneity, but the sensitivity analysis showed that no study was sensitive enough to change these results. Publication bias was present only in the analysis of the sperm concentration and progressive motility. No significant difference was found for the semen volume (SMD 0.313; 95% CI -0.242 to 0.868; I² =89.7%). Conclusions: This study provides a high level of evidence in favor of a positive effect of VR to improve conventional semen parameters in infertile men with clinical varicocele. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first SRMA to compare changes in conventional semen parameters after VR with changes in parameters of a control group over the same period. This is in contrast to other SRMAs which have compared semen parameters before and after VR, without reference to a control group. Our findings strengthen the available evidence and have a potential to upgrade professional societies’ practice recommendations favoring VR to improve conventional semen parameters in infertile men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Impact of Antioxidant Therapy on Natural Pregnancy Outcomes and Semen Parameters in Infertile Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
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Agarwal, Ashok, Cannarella, Rossella, Saleh, Ramadan, Harraz, Ahmed M., Kandil, Hussein, Salvio, Gianmaria, Boitrelle, Florence, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Farkouh, Ala’a, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Zini, Armand, Colpi, Giovanni, Gül, Murat, Kavoussi, Parviz, Abdel-Meguid Hamoda, Taha Abo-Almagd, Ko, Edmund, Calik, Gokhan, Toprak, Tuncay, Pinggera, Germar-Michael, and Park, Hyun Jun
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THERAPEUTIC use of antioxidants , *SEMEN analysis , *MALE infertility , *PREGNANCY complications , *MISCARRIAGE - Abstract
Purpose: Seminal oxidative stress (OS) is a recognized factor potentially associated with male infertility, but the efficacy of antioxidant (AOX) therapy is controversial and there is no consensus on its utility. Primary outcomes of this study were to investigate the effect of AOX on spontaneous clinical pregnancy, live birth and miscarriage rates in male infertile patients. Secondary outcomes were conventional semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and seminal OS. Materials and Methods: Literature search was performed using Scopus, PubMed, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included and the meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Results: We assessed for eligibility 1,307 abstracts, and 45 RCTs were finally included, for a total of 4,332 infertile patients. We found a significantly higher pregnancy rate in patients treated with AOX compared to placebo-treated or untreated controls, without significant inter-study heterogeneity. No effects on live-birth or miscarriage rates were observed in four studies. A significantly higher sperm concentration, sperm progressive motility, sperm total motility, and normal sperm morphology was found in patients compared to controls. We found no effect on SDF in analysis of three eligible studies. Seminal levels of total antioxidant capacity were significantly higher, while seminal malondialdehyde acid was significantly lower in patients than controls. These results did not change after exclusion of studies performed following varicocele repair. Conclusions: The present analysis upgrades the level of evidence favoring a recommendation for using AOX in male infertility to improve the spontaneous pregnancy rate and the conventional sperm parameters. The failure to demonstrate an increase in live-birth rate, despite an increase in pregnancy rates, is due to the very few RCTs specifically assessing the impact of AOX on live-birth rate. Therefore, further RCTs assessing the impact of AOX on live-birth rate and miscarriage rate, and SDF will be helpful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
20. Comprehensive Analysis of Global Research on Human Varicocele: A Scientometric Approach.
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Agarwal, Ashok, Finelli, Renata, Durairajanayagam, Damayanthi, Leisegang, Kristian, Henkel, Ralf, Salvio, Gianmaria, Aghamajidi, Azin, Sengupta, Pallav, Crisóstomo, Luís, Tsioulou, Petroula A., Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep, Finocchi, Federica, Darbandi, Mahsa, Mottola, Filomena, Darbandi, Sara, Iovine, Concetta, Santonastaso, Marianna, Zaker, Himasadat, Kesari, Kavindra Kumar, and Nomanzadeh, Amir
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MALE infertility , *BIBLIOMETRICS , *VARICOCELE , *PUBLICATIONS , *ETIOLOGY of diseases - Abstract
Purpose: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of research trends on the etiology, mechanisms, potential risk factors, diagnosis, prognosis, surgical and non-surgical treatment of varicocele, and clinical outcomes before and after varicocele repair. Materials and Methods: Varicocele studies published between 1988 and 2020 were retrieved from the Scopus database on April 5, 2021. Original studies on human varicocele were included, irrespective of language. Retrieved articles were manually screened for inclusion in various sub-categories. Bibliometric data was subjected to scientometric analysis using descriptive statistics. Network, heat and geographic mapping were generated using relevant software. Results: In total, 1,943 original human studies on varicocele were published. These were predominantly from the northern hemisphere and developed countries, and published in journals from the United States and Germany. Network map analysis for countries showed several interconnected nodal points, with the USA being the largest, and Agarwal A. from Cleveland Clinic, USA, being a center point of worldwide varicocele research collaborations. Studies of adolescents were underrepresented compared with studies of adults. Studies on diagnostic and prognostic aspects of varicocele were more numerous than studies on varicocele prevalence, mechanistic studies and studies focusing on etiological and risk factors. Varicocele surgery was more investigated than non-surgical approaches. To evaluate the impact of varicocele and its treatment, researchers mainly analyzed basic semen parameters, although markers of seminal oxidative stress are being increasingly investigated in the last decade, while reproductive outcomes such as live birth rate were under-reported in the literature. Conclusions: This study analyzes the publication trends in original research on human varicocele spanning over the last three decades. Our analysis emphasizes areas for further exploration to better understand varicocele’s impact on men’s health and male fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: An overview on male genital tract ultrasound reference ranges.
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Lotti, Francesco, Frizza, Francesca, Balercia, Giancarlo, Barbonetti, Arcangelo, Behre, Hermann M., Calogero, Aldo E., Cremers, Jann‐Frederik, Francavilla, Felice, Isidori, Andrea M., Kliesch, Sabine, La Vignera, Sandro, Lenzi, Andrea, Marcou, Marios, Pilatz, Adrian, Poolamets, Olev, Punab, Margus, Godoy, Maria Fernanda Peraza, Quintian, Claudia, Rajmil, Osvaldo, and Salvio, Gianmaria
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- *
MALE reproductive organs , *SEMINAL vesicles , *VAS deferens , *ENDORECTAL ultrasonography , *ULTRASONIC imaging - Abstract
Background: So far, male genital tract color‐Doppler ultrasound (MGT‐CDUS) was not standardized. Recently, the European Academy of Andrology (EAA) published the results of a multicenter study assessing the CDUS characteristics of healthy‐fertile men (HFM) to obtain normative parameters. Objectives: To report the EAA US study (i) standard operating procedures (SOPs) for assessing MGT‐CDUS, (ii) main MGT‐CDUS normative parameters, and (iii) compare the EAA and previously published "normal" CDUS values. Methods: A cohort of 248 HFM (35.3 ± 5.9 years) was studied, evaluating MGT‐CDUS before and after ejaculation following SOPs. Results: SOPs for MGT‐CDUS assessment are summarized here. All subjects underwent scrotal CDUS and 188 men underwent transrectal ultrasound before and after ejaculation. The main CDUS reference ranges and characteristics of the HFM‐MGT are reported here. The mean testicular volume was ∼17 mL. The lower limit for right and left testis was 12 and 11 mL, defining testicular hypotrophy. The upper limit for epididymal head, body, tail, and vas deferens was 11.5, 5, 6, and 4.5 mm, respectively. Testicular and epididymal arterial reference ranges are reported. The EAA varicocoele classification is reported. CDUS‐varicocoele was detected in ∼37% of men. Prostate mean volume was ∼25 mL, while lower and upper limits were 15 and 35 mL, defining hypotrophy and enlargement, respectively. Prostate arterial reference ranges are reported. Prostate calcifications and inhomogeneity were frequent; midline prostatic cysts were rare and small. Ejaculatory duct abnormalities were absent. The upper limit for periprostatic venous plexus was 4.5 mm. Lower and upper limits of seminal vesicles (SV) anterior–posterior diameter were 6 and 16 mm, defining hypotrophy or dilation, respectively. Seminal vesicle volume and ejection fraction reference ranges are reported. SV‐US abnormalities were rare. Deferential ampullas upper limit was 6 mm. A discussion on the EAA and previously published "normal" CDUS values is reported here. Conclusions: The EAA findings will help in reproductive and general male health management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: An overview on male genital tract ultrasound reference ranges.
- Author
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Lotti, Francesco, Frizza, Francesca, Balercia, Giancarlo, Barbonetti, Arcangelo, Behre, Hermann M., Calogero, Aldo E., Cremers, Jann‐Frederik, Francavilla, Felice, Isidori, Andrea M., Kliesch, Sabine, La Vignera, Sandro, Lenzi, Andrea, Marcou, Marios, Pilatz, Adrian, Poolamets, Olev, Punab, Margus, Godoy, Maria Fernanda Peraza, Quintian, Claudia, Rajmil, Osvaldo, and Salvio, Gianmaria
- Subjects
- *
MALE reproductive organs , *SEMINAL vesicles , *VAS deferens , *ENDORECTAL ultrasonography , *ULTRASONIC imaging - Abstract
Background: So far, male genital tract color‐Doppler ultrasound (MGT‐CDUS) was not standardized. Recently, the European Academy of Andrology (EAA) published the results of a multicenter study assessing the CDUS characteristics of healthy‐fertile men (HFM) to obtain normative parameters. Objectives: To report the EAA US study (i) standard operating procedures (SOPs) for assessing MGT‐CDUS, (ii) main MGT‐CDUS normative parameters, and (iii) compare the EAA and previously published "normal" CDUS values. Methods: A cohort of 248 HFM (35.3 ± 5.9 years) was studied, evaluating MGT‐CDUS before and after ejaculation following SOPs. Results: SOPs for MGT‐CDUS assessment are summarized here. All subjects underwent scrotal CDUS and 188 men underwent transrectal ultrasound before and after ejaculation. The main CDUS reference ranges and characteristics of the HFM‐MGT are reported here. The mean testicular volume was ∼17 mL. The lower limit for right and left testis was 12 and 11 mL, defining testicular hypotrophy. The upper limit for epididymal head, body, tail, and vas deferens was 11.5, 5, 6, and 4.5 mm, respectively. Testicular and epididymal arterial reference ranges are reported. The EAA varicocoele classification is reported. CDUS‐varicocoele was detected in ∼37% of men. Prostate mean volume was ∼25 mL, while lower and upper limits were 15 and 35 mL, defining hypotrophy and enlargement, respectively. Prostate arterial reference ranges are reported. Prostate calcifications and inhomogeneity were frequent; midline prostatic cysts were rare and small. Ejaculatory duct abnormalities were absent. The upper limit for periprostatic venous plexus was 4.5 mm. Lower and upper limits of seminal vesicles (SV) anterior–posterior diameter were 6 and 16 mm, defining hypotrophy or dilation, respectively. Seminal vesicle volume and ejection fraction reference ranges are reported. SV‐US abnormalities were rare. Deferential ampullas upper limit was 6 mm. A discussion on the EAA and previously published "normal" CDUS values is reported here. Conclusions: The EAA findings will help in reproductive and general male health management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: Prostate‐vesicular transrectal ultrasound reference ranges and associations with clinical, seminal and biochemical characteristics.
- Author
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Lotti, Francesco, Frizza, Francesca, Balercia, Giancarlo, Barbonetti, Arcangelo, Behre, Hermann M., Calogero, Aldo E., Cremers, Jann‐Frederik, Francavilla, Felice, Isidori, Andrea M., Kliesch, Sabine, La Vignera, Sandro, Lenzi, Andrea, Marcou, Marios, Pilatz, Adrian, Poolamets, Olev, Punab, Margus, Godoy, Maria Fernanda Peraza, Quintian, Claudia, Rajmil, Osvaldo, and Salvio, Gianmaria
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ENDORECTAL ultrasonography , *RECURRENT miscarriage , *MALE infertility , *ANDROLOGY , *SEMINAL vesicles , *ULTRASONIC imaging , *PROSTATE hypertrophy - Abstract
Background: Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) parameters are not standardized, especially in men of reproductive age. Hence, the European Academy of Andrology (EAA) promoted a multicenter study to assess the TRUS characteristics of healthy‐fertile men (HFM) to establish normative parameters. Objectives: To report and discuss the prostate and seminal vesicles (SV) reference ranges and characteristics in HFM and their associations with clinical, seminal, biochemical parameters. Methods: 188 men (35.6 ± 6.0 years) from a cohort of 248 HFM were studied, evaluating, on the same day, clinical, biochemical, seminal, TRUS parameters following Standard Operating Procedures. Results: TRUS reference ranges and characteristics of the prostate and SV of HFM are reported herein. The mean PV was ∼25 ml. PV lower and upper limits were 15 and 35 ml, defining prostate hypotrophy and enlargement, respectively. PV was positively associated with age, waistline, current smoking (but not with T levels), seminal volume (and negatively with seminal pH), prostate inhomogeneity, macrocalcifications, calcification size and prostate arterial parameters, SV volume before and after ejaculation, deferential and epididymal size. Prostate calcifications and inhomogeneity were frequent, while midline prostatic cysts were rare and small. Ejaculatory duct abnormalities were absent. Periprostatic venous plexus size was positively associated with prostate calcifications, SV volume and arterial peak systolic velocity. Lower and upper limits of SV anterior‐posterior diameter after ejaculation were 6 and 16 mm, defining SV hypotrophy or dilation, respectively. SV total volume before ejaculation and delta SV total volume (DSTV) positively correlated with ejaculate volume, and DSTV correlated positively with sperm progressive motility. SV total volume after ejaculation was associated negatively with SV ejection fraction and positively with distal ampullas size. SV US abnormalities were rare. No association between TRUS and time to pregnancy, number of children or history of miscarriage was observed. Conclusions: The present findings will help in better understanding male infertility pathophysiology and the meaning of specific TRUS findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Could SARS‐CoV‐2 infection affect male fertility and sexuality?
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delli Muti, Nicola, Finocchi, Federica, Tossetta, Giovanni, Salvio, Gianmaria, Cutini, Melissa, Marzioni, Daniela, and Balercia, Giancarlo
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COVID-19 , *SARS-CoV-2 , *MEN'S sexual behavior , *MALE reproductive organs , *VIRUS diseases - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is the cause of coronavirus infectious disease (COVID‐19) and has rapidly spread worldwide, causing serious problems to the healthcare systems of many countries and hundreds of thousand deaths. In this review we discuss data from the literature to understand whether the various districts of the male reproductive system may represent another vulnerable target for SARS‐CoV‐2. Studies were searched from electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and COVID‐19 specific databases such as LitCovid, until July 31, 2021. It appears that SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection not only causes damage to the respiratory system, but could have a serious impact on the reproductive system of male patients modulating many physiological processes. Like some other infections, SARS‐CoV‐2 also leads to a worsening of semen quality and an increase in oxidative stress (OS) levels. However, due to the limited number of studies, it is unclear whether this deterioration in semen parameters is temporary or lasts over time. It is certainly important that patients' reproductive function is monitored after coronavirus infection to avoid problems in reproductive health in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: clinical, seminal and biochemical characteristics.
- Author
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Lotti, Francesco, Frizza, Francesca, Balercia, Giancarlo, Barbonetti, Arcangelo, Behre, Hermann M., Calogero, Aldo E., Cremers, Jann‐Frederik, Francavilla, Felice, Isidori, Andrea M., Kliesch, Sabine, La Vignera, Sandro, Lenzi, Andrea, Marcou, Marios, Pilatz, Adrian, Poolamets, Olev, Punab, Margus, Peraza Godoy, Maria Fernanda, Rajmil, Osvaldo, Salvio, Gianmaria, and Shaeer, Osama
- Subjects
- *
MALE reproductive organs , *ANDROLOGY , *EJACULATION , *SPERMATOZOA , *SEMEN - Abstract
Background: Infertility affects 7%‐12% of men, and its etiology is unknown in half of cases. To fill this gap, use of the male genital tract color‐Doppler ultrasound (MGT‐CDUS) has progressively expanded. However, MGT‐CDUS still suffers from lack of standardization. Hence, the European Academy of Andrology (EAA) has promoted a multicenter study ("EAA ultrasound study") to assess MGT‐CDUS characteristics of healthy, fertile men to obtain normative parameters. Objectives: To report (a) the development and methodology of the "EAA ultrasound study," (b) the clinical characteristics of the cohort of healthy, fertile men, and (c) the correlations of both fertility history and seminal features with clinical parameters. Methods: A cohort of 248 healthy, fertile men (35.3 ± 5.9 years) was studied. All subjects were asked to undergo, within the same day, clinical, biochemical, and seminal evaluation and MGT‐CDUS before and after ejaculation. Results: The clinical, seminal, and biochemical characteristics of the cohort have been reported here. The seminal characteristics were consistent with those reported by the WHO (2010) for the 50th and 5th centiles for fertile men. Normozoospermia was observed in 79.6% of men, while normal sperm vitality was present in almost the entire sample. Time to pregnancy (TTP) was 3.0[1.0‐6.0] months. TTP was negatively correlated with sperm vitality (Adj.r =−.310, P =.011), but not with other seminal, clinical, or biochemical parameters. Sperm vitality and normal morphology were positively associated with fT3 and fT4 levels, respectively (Adj.r =.244, P <.05 and Adj.r =.232, P =.002). Sperm concentration and total count were negatively associated with FSH levels and positively, along with progressive motility, with mean testis volume (TV). Mean TV was 20.4 ± 4.0 mL, and the lower reference values for right and left testes were 15.0 and 14.0 mL. Mean TV was negatively associated with gonadotropin levels and pulse pressure. Varicocoele was found in 33% of men. Conclusions: The cohort studied confirms the WHO data for all semen parameters and represents a reference with which to assess MGT‐CDUS normative parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. THE IMPACT OF VARICOCELE REPAIR ON CONVENTIONAL SEMEN PARAMETERS IN INFERTILE MEN: A META-ANALYSIS USING PRE- AND POST-OPERATIVE DATA.
- Author
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Agarwal, Ashok, Rossella Cannarella, Shah, Rupin, Boitrelle, Florence, Gül, Murat, Salvio, Gianmaria, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Arafa, Mohamed, Toprak, Tuncay, Singh, Rajender, Puchalt, Nicolas Garrido, Henkel, Ralf, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Crafa, Andrea, Palani, Ayad, Ho, Christopher, Duran, Mesut Berkan, Ceyhan, Erman, Dimitriadis, Fotios, and Saïs, Emine
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MALE infertility , *VARICOCELE , *SEMEN , *HUMAN artificial insemination - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY IN INFERTILE MEN WITH VARICOCELE FOLLOWING VARICOCELE REPAIR VERSUS NO REPAIR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS.
- Author
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Agarwal, Ashok, Cannarella, Rossella, Saleh, Ramadan, Boitrelle, Florence, Salvio, Gianmaria, Ahmed Harraz, Amarnath Rambhatla, and Shah, Rupin
- Subjects
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MALE infertility , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *VARICOCELE , *TREATMENT effectiveness - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: From atherosclerosis to myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Muscogiuri, Giovanna, Annweiler, Cedric, Duval, Guillaume, Karras, Spyridon, Tirabassi, Giacomo, Salvio, Gianmaria, Balercia, Giancarlo, Kimball, Samantha, Kotsa, Kalliopi, Mascitelli, Luca, Bhattoa, Harjit Pal, and Colao, Annamaria
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MYOCARDIAL infarction , *CORONARY disease , *DYSLIPIDEMIA , *ENDOTHELIAL cells , *DIABETES - Abstract
There continues to be interest in understanding the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis, epidemiology and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In fact vitamin D deficiency has been associated to an increased risk of developing CVD given to the relationship between low vitamin D levels and obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. However, although vitamin D has been identified as a potentially important marker of CVD, the mechanisms through which vitamin D deficiency leads from endothelial dysfunction to myocardial infarction and stroke are not fully understood. Thus, the goal of this review is to provide an updated review of the literature on the basic science of how vitamin D may affect the cardiovascular system and in particular to analyze the role that vitamin D may have in the whole dynamic process from the initiation of endothelial dysfunction to the development of myocardial infarction and stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. EFFECT OF VARICOCELE REPAIR ON CONVENTIONAL SPERM PARAMETERS IN INFERTILE PATIENTS WITH CLINICAL VARICOCELE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
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Agarwal, Ashok, Cannarella, Rossella, Saleh, Ramadan, Boitrelle, Florence, Hamoda, Taha Abdel-Meguid, Murat Gül, Salvio, Gianmaria, Arafa, Mohamed, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Toprak, Tuncay, Harraz, Ahmed, Henkel, Ralf, Singh, Rajender, Puchalt, Nicolas Garrido, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Crafa, Andrea, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Palani, Ayad, Ho, Christopher, and Duran, Mesut Berkan
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VARICOCELE , *SPERMATOZOA , *PATIENTS - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. SINGLE COMPOUND ANTIOXIDANTS ARE SIMILARLY EFFECTIVE AS MULTI-COMPOUND ANTIOXIDANTS OVER A 3-MONTH PERIOD IN MEN WITH IDIOPATHIC INFERTILITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
- Author
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Cannarella, Rossella, Agarwal, Ashok, Saleh, Ramadan, Kandil, Hussein, Salvio, Gianmaria, Boitrelle, Florence, Kuroda, Shinnosuke, Farkouh, Ala'A., Harraz, Ahmed, Rambhatla, Amarnath, Calogero, Aldo E., and Shah, Rupin
- Subjects
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ANTIOXIDANTS , *INFERTILITY - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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