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Objective: Angiotensin II promotes growth and angiogenesis via type 1 receptors (AGTR1) in certain tumors. In this study, we examine the bone marrow AGTR1 expression in multiple myeloma (MM) and its relationship with the regulation of angiogenesis and prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow AGTR1 mRNA levels of 39 MM patients and 15 healthy controls were analyzed with quantitative RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical staining of the tissue vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34, and factor VIIIrAg (fVIIIrAg) was used to assess bone marrow angiogenesis. Results: Bone marrow samples of the patients showed increased VEGF, fVIIIrAg, and CD34 staining and higher AGTR1 expression levels when compared to controls. Patients with severe-diffuse bone marrow infiltration showed higher bone marrow VEGF, fVIIIrAg, CD34, and AGTR1 mRNA levels when compared to other patients. Conclusion: AGTR1 expression was found positively correlated with plasma β2-microglobulin level and patients with increased AGTR1 expression showed increased bone marrow CD34 levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Recurrent thromboembolic vascular events have been reported in 5.5 to 60% of the population despite aspirin therapy. We aimed to determine the frequency of aspirin non-responsiveness in our population with "Platelet Function Analyzer-100 Closure Time" (PFA-100 CT) and serum tromboxane B2, soluble CD40 Ligand and soluble P-selectin levels. Material and Methods: Patients (n=118) taking 80-300 mg/day aspirin were enrolled into the study. PFA-100 of 66 healthy people was used to predict cut-off value in our population. PFA-100 test results and serum TXB2, sCD40L and sP-selectine levels of the patients were compared with each other. A TXB2 level of ≥80 ng/ml was accepted as an indicator of aspirin non-responsiveness. Results: According to PFA-100, 40% of the patients revealed aspirin non-responsiveness which was found 8% with serum TXB2 levels. Patients with aspirin non-responsiveness according to the PFA-100 showed significantly higher serum TBX2, sCD40L and sP-selectin (p<0.001, p,=0.018, p=0.037 respectively). Conclusions: PFA-100 results showed higher frequency of aspirin non-responsiveness in our population, however biochemical tests of the platelet function indicated the possibility of lower ratios. Therefore the prevelance of aspirin non-responsiveness may not be so frequent in our population as established before and PFA-100 test results need confirmation with the serum TXB2 level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integration using least squares method in space and Crank–Nicolson approach in time is managed to set up an algorithm to solve the RLW equation numerically. Trial functions in the least square method consist of a combination of the quartic B-spline functions. Integration of the RLW equation gives a system of algebraic equations. The solutions consisting of a combination of the quartic B-splines are given for some initial and boundary value problems of RLW equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries–Burgers’ equation is solved numerically by method of Galerkin using quartic B-splines as both shape and weight functions over the finite intervals. Five test problems are studied to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. A comparison of numerical results of both algorithm and some published articles is done in computational section. The numerical results are found in good agreement with exact solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• Objective: Iron delivery to etythroblast is mediated by the interaction of plasma transferrin with the cell surface transferrin receptors. Measurement of serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) has been introduced as a promising new index for iron depletion. Our aim is to evaluate the value of sTfR concentration and soluble transferrin receptor-ferritin index (TfFI.) in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia (IDA.) in cirrhotic patients. • Material and Method: Thirty-five Grade A (Child Pugh) cirrhotic patients and 29 healthy subjects were enrolled into this study. Complete blood cell count and biochemical analysis including sTfR were performed in all patients and control subjects. Transferrin saturation (TS) was calculated by using the formula 100x serum iron concentration/total iron binding capacity, and TfFI was estimated with sTfR concentration/log ferritin. IDA was diagnosed when TS was below 15% together with a concordant peripheral blood smear. Results: IDA group had higher sTfR and TfFI levels when compared to cirrhotic patients with anemia of chronic disease (ACD) (sTfR; 7.77±4.00 vs 3.70±0.98 mg/l, p<0.001, z=3.495, TfFI; 5.98±3.14 vs 1.59±0.48 g/l, p<0.001, z=3.550) and healthy subjects (sTfR; 7.77±4.00 vs 2.99±0.78 mg/l, p<0.001, z=4.503, TfFI; 5.98±3.14 vs 1.87±0.78 g/l, p<0.001, z=3.699,). Patients in IDA group had lower serum ferritin levels when compared to ACD group (93±64 vs 290±122, p=0.002, z=-3.051). Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic values of sTfR and TfFI were 90% vs 90%, 87% vs 94% and 88 vs 92 respectively. • Conclusion: Serum sTfR and TfFI may be used together to distinguish the iron deficiency state in cirrhotic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Galerkin finite element method based on quartic B-splines is used to find a numerical solution of the regularized long wave equation. The method is tested on the problems of propagation of solitary waves, interaction of two and three solitary waves, undulation and wave generation. Comparisons are made with both analytical solutions and results of some published methods. Accuracy and efficiency of the scheme are discussed by computing numerical conserved laws and L2, L∞ error norms. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Quintic B-spline collocation algorithms for numerical solution of the modified equal width wave (MEW) equation have been proposed. The algorithms are based on Crank–Nicolson formulation for time integration and quintic B-spline functions for space integration. Quintic B-spline collocation method over the finite intervals is also applied to the time split MEW equation and space split MEW equation. Results for the three algorithms are compared by studying the propagation of the solitary wave, interaction of the solitary waves, wave generation and birth of solitons. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The regularized long wave equation (RLW) is solved numerically by using the quintic B-spline Galerkin finite element method. The same method is applied to the time-split RLW equation. Comparison is made with both analytical solutions and some previous results. Propagation of solitary waves, interaction of two solitons are studied. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A numerical solution of the equal width (EW) equation is obtained using space-splitting technique and quadratic B-spline Galerkin finite element method. Solitary wave motion, interaction of two solitary waves, wave undulation and wave generation are studied using the proposed method. Comparisons are made with analytical solutions and with some spline finite element method calculations at selected times. Accuracy and efficiency are discussed by computing the numerical conserved laws and L 2, L ∞ error norms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The first order splitting method is applied to the Burgers’ equation and two numerical algorithms are set up for this time-splitted Burgers’ equation using both quadratic and cubic B-spline Galerkin finite element techniques. The unknowns in the equation is resolved with the B-splines in space and standart Crank–Nicolson differencing schemes is used to advance solution in time. Results of three numerical test problems are used to compare each schemes with available some results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The cubic B-spline functions and splitting method have been used to develop a new algorithm based on the collocation method to solve Regularized Long Wave (RLW) Equations. The method is validated by studying solitary wave motion, two solitary-wave interaction, the evolution of solitary waves, and undular bore development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cubic B-spline functions have been used to develop a collocation method to solve the regularized long wave (RLW) equation, which is used to model solitary waves, undular bore development and wave generation. Performance of the scheme is tested by computing a solitary wave solution of the RLW equation and made comparison with analytical results. Undular bore development and wave generation is shown to be in good agreement with available results. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A numerical solution of the Regularised Long Wave (RLW) Equation is obtained using space-splitting technique and quadratic B-spline Galerkin finite element method. Solitary wave motion, interaction of two solitary waves and wave generation are studied using the proposed method. Comparisons are made with analytical solutions and with some spline finite element method calculations at selected times. Accuracy and efficiency are discussed by computing the numerical conserved laws and L 2 , L ∞ norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This multicenter study evaluates urinary incontinence in Turkish inpatients. • Prevalence was 29.4 % in all participants, and 41.6 % in patients aged ≥65 years. • The factors associated with urinary incontinence varied in all age groups. • Urinary incontinence associated with care dependency, sedatives, fecal incontinence, end-of life care in both groups. • Plus: older age, female sex, and comorbidities were associated with urinary incontinence in all participants. To determine the prevalence and the factors associated with urinary incontinence (UI) among inpatients in Turkey. The population of this study comprised of patients screened by the "National Prevalence Measurement of Quality of Care (LPZ)" study in 2017 and 2018. Age, gender, comorbidities, length of hospital stay, sedative medications, SARC-F score, anthropometric measurements, and care parameters such as malnutrition, falls, UI-fecal incontinence (FI), restraints, and care dependency score (CDS) were noted. The LPZ questionnaire was performed by trained researchers, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with UI. The prevalence of UI was 29.4 % among 1176 inpatients, and 41.6 % in patients ≥65 years. Urinary incontinence was associated with older age (OR, 1.966, 95 % CI 1.330–2.905), female sex (OR, 2.055, 95 % CI 1.393–3.030), CDS (OR, 3.236, 95 % CI 2.080–5.035), the number of comorbidities (OR, 1.312, 95 % CI 1.106–1.556), end-of life management (OR, 3.156, 95 % CI 1.412–7.052), sedative medications (OR, 1.981, 95 % CI 1.230–3.191), and FI (OR, 12.533, 95 % CI 4.892–32.112) in all adults, where CDS (OR, 2.589, 95% CI 1.458–4.599), end-of life management (OR, 2.851, 95 % CI 1.095–7.424), sedative medications (OR, 2.529, 95 % CI 1.406–4.548), and FI (OR, 13.138, 95 % CI 4.352–39.661) were associated with UI among geriatric patients. The factors associated with UI in geriatric and all adult inpatients are CDS, sedative medications, end-of life management, and FI plus older age, female sex, and comorbidities for the latter. The factors associated with UI vary in different age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new least-squares method based on cubic B-spline functions is presented to solve regularized long-wave (RLW) equation numerically. An algebraic system of equations is obtained by employing the least-squares method based on cubic B-spline approximation for spatial discretization and the Crank–Nicolson technique for time discretization for integrating the RLW equation. The two test problems are implemented to show suitability of the proposed scheme. New results have been compared with those of some previous studies available in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new numerical algorithm for solving the regularised long wave (RLW) equation is proposed using predictor–corrector method in time and quartic B-spline collocation procedure in space. Accuracy of algorithm is shown by studying the motion of a single solitary wave. Interaction of two solitary waves and three solitary waves, and wave generation from Maxwellian condition are performed to illustrate the suitability of the proposed scheme. Results of the present method are compared with the outcomes of some prosperous numerical algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The contribution of 18F-FDG-PET/CT to diagnosis and its role in differential diagnosis were investigated in patients examined for constitutional symptoms. Materials and Methods: The 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan results and clinical data were analyzed retrospectively in 144 patients with constitutional symptoms examined between January 2017 and December 2019 in our outpatient and inpatient clinics in Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Internal Medicine Department. The FDG uptake other than physiological FDG uptake was considered as PET-positive. Clinical, laboratory data, and 18F-FDGPET/ CT scan results were evaluated retrospectively from records. All patients were classified into four categories as malignancies, infectious diseases, rheumatic diseases and other diseases based on their definitive diagnoses. The contribution of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in establishing a definitive diagnosis was investigated. Results: The 144 patients comprised 85 (59.0%) men and 59 (41.0%) women with a mean age of 58.0±17.2 years. The mean duration of symptoms was 4.01±4.46 months. A definitive diagnosis was established in 95.1% (n=137) of the patients based on physical examination, imaging methods, laboratory tests, and other diagnostic tests. In comparison, no definitive diagnosis was established in the remaining 4.9% (n=7) of the patients. 18F-FDGPET/ CT contributed to diagnosis in 86.8% (n=119) of patients. The patients were classified into four categories based on their diagnoses: (i) malignancies (n=79; 57.7%), (ii) rheumatic diseases (n=22; 16.1%), (iii) infectious diseases (n=19; 13.9%), and (iv) other diseases (n=17; 12.4%). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in the diagnosis of constitutional symptoms were 97.5%, 31.8%, 88.8%, and 70%, respectively. Conclusion: We found that 18F-FDG-PET/CT is a valuable diagnostic tool in diagnosing patients with constitutional symptoms and provides high sensitivity and positive predictive value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Falls are a highly prevalent problem in hospitals and nursing homes with serious negative consequences such as injuries, increased care dependency, or even death. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive insight into institution‐acquired fall (IAF) prevalence and risk factors for IAF in a large sample of hospital patients and nursing home residents among five different countries. Design: This study reports the outcome of a secondary data analysis of cross‐sectional data collected in Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Turkey, and the United Kingdom in 2017 and 2018. These data include 58,319 datapoints from hospital patients and nursing home residents. Methods: Descriptive statistics, statistical tests, logistic regression, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to analyze the data. Findings: IAF prevalence in hospitals and nursing homes differed significantly between the countries. Turkey (7.7%) had the highest IAF prevalence rate for hospitals, and Switzerland (15.8%) had the highest IAF prevalence rate for nursing homes. In hospitals, our model revealed that IAF prevalence was associated with country, age, care dependency, number of medical diagnoses, surgery in the last two weeks, and fall history factors. In nursing homes, care dependency, diseases of the nervous system, and fall history were identified as significant risk factors for IAF prevalence. Conclusions: This large‐scale study reveals that the most important IAF risk factor is an existing history of falls, independent of the setting. Whether a previous fall has occurred within the last 12 months is a simple question that should be included on every (nursing) assessment at the time of patient or resident admission. Our results guide the development of tailored prevention programs for persons at risk of falling in hospitals and nursing homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Objective: CA125 is a tumor marker that is commonly ordered in internal medicine and sometimes confuses the clinicians. In this study we evaluated the prevalence and causes of CA125 increase in a patient population attending an internal medicine clinic. • Material and Method: A total of 420 CA125 assays were prospectively analysed between March 2003 and October 2003 in Istanbul University, Internal Medicine Department. Clinical diagnosis, presence of any serosal effusion, age and sex were evaluated. • Results: 103 (24.5%) patients had a value of CA125>35 kU/L. 60 were women and 43 were men. Their median age was 63 years (range, 15-92 years). Benign causes were slightly more frequent than malignant ones. The most frequent diagnosis was hematological malignancy (25.2%). In this group, there was significant superiority of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (13 patients; 50%). Effusions were found in 48 patients (46.6%). All the 3 patients with CA125>1000 kU/L had a metastatic solid malignancy. • Conclusion: Our study suggests that pathologies causing increase in CA125 is quite frequent in internal medicine practice. Pleural and peritoneal effusions due to malignant or nonmalignant diseases are the commen disorders associated with CA125 increment. Very high levels of CA125 are more commonly associated with a malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Febrile neutropenia is a commonly encountered complication during the treatment of hematological malignancies. Respiratory system, skin, gastrointestinal system and genitourinary system infections are the common causes of febrile neutropenia. The infection of thyroid gland is rarely seen even in neutropenic patients. Here, we describe a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who was treated with intensive chemotherapy and developed suppurative thyroiditis during neutropenic period. It is proposed that prior neutropenia and preceding cellulitis around the thyroid gland, which might be subsequent to oral mucosal damage induced by anticancer drugs, may play a role in the development of gland infection. Thyroid gland infection should be considered a potential complication of aggressive chemotherapy for leukemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper the one-dimensional nonlinear Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation is numerically solved using second order spline approximation. The test problems concerning the propagation of a solution and two solution interaction are used to validate the proposal scheme and it is found to be both accurate and efficient at small times. Also, it is shown that the second order spline approximation may be used effectively at small times when the exact solution of the KdV equation is not known. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In the present paper numerical solutions of the one-dimensional Burgers'' equation are obtained by a method based on collocation of cubic B-splines over finite elements. The accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated by three test problems. The numerical results are found in good agreement with exact solutions. Time-space integration of the Burgers'' equation yields a system of difference equation which is shown to be unconditionally stable. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The numerical solution of the RLW equation is obtained by using a splitting up technique and both quadratic and cubic B-splines. Both quadratic and cubic B-spline collocation methods are applied to the resulting equation. Solutions without splitting the RLW equation are also obtained with the method of the cubic collocation method. Results are substantiated by studying propagation of a solitary wave and undular bore development. Comparison is made with results of the proposed schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an underdiagnosed neuropsychiatric disorder especially in non-alcoholic groups that causes morbidity-mortality if diagnosis is delayed. Korsakoff syndrome is a chronic consequence of this condition characterized by persistent memory impairment. In this study we present a series of non-alcoholic patients with WE. The purpose of this study was to analyze the predisposing factors in non-alcoholic patients with WE and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment with thiamine supplementation. Methods: The clinical records of 6 cases with WE followed by gastrointestinal tract disease and/or surgery who were admitted to our Medical Faculty between 2012 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The study included 3 men and 3 women in the age range of 24 to 55. All patients had gastrointestinal tract diseases and/or had undergone gastrointestinal surgeries, and were non-alcoholic. Vomiting, weight loss, and parenteral nutrition were the frequent precipitating factors. The classic triad of mental impairment, oculomotor alterations and gait ataxia was present in 4 of the 6 patients. Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed typical signal alterations in the medial thalami, mammillary bodies and the periaqueductal region of patients in various degrees. Clinical improvement was seen in each patient after thiamine supplementation. Discussion: Physicians should be aware of the predisposing factors and symptoms to prevent or optimize the management of this potentially devastating disease. Thiamine supplementation should be considered in patients with gastrointestinal tract diseases or those who have undergone surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overexpression of DEK oncogene is associated with increased proliferation of carcinoma cells and it is observed in several solid tumors due to the amplification of the 6p22.3 chromosomal region where DEK locates. Although the same chromosomal amplification occurs in multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell neoplasm, whether the expression and the copy number of the DEK gene are affected in MM remains elusive. We show that despite the increased copy number in CD138positive MM cells (4 out of 41 MM samples), DEK mRNA expression was down-regulated compared with that in CD138negative bone marrow (BM) cells of the same patients (P<0.0001). DEK protein was not detectable by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in CD138positive normal plasma cells or in malignant plasma cells of MM patients (n = 56) whereas it was widely expressed in normal and neoplastic B-cells. Stable knockdown or overexpression of DEK in CD138positive MM cell lines did not affect the proliferation and viability of the cells profoundly in the presence or absence of chemotherapeutic agent melphalan whereas knockdown of DEK moderately but significantly increased the expression level of CD138 (p<0.01). Decreased DEK expression in plasma cells suggests a potential role of this gene in plasma cell development and lack of detectable DEK protein by IHC could be used as a biomarker for normal and malignant plasma cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: To determine the prevalence of low muscle mass (LMM) and the relationship between LMM with functional and nutritional status as defined using the LMM evaluation method of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criteria among male residents in a nursing home.Methods: Male residents aged >60 years of a nursing home located in Turkey were included in our study. Their body mass index (BMI) kg/m2, skeletal muscle mass (SMM-kg) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI-kg/m2) were calculated. The participants were regarded as having low SMMI if they had SMMI <9.2 kg/m2 according to our population specific cut-off point. Functional status was evaluated with Katz activities of daily living (ADL) and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Nutritional assessment was performed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The number of drugs taken and chronic diseases were recorded.Results: One hundred fifty-seven male residents were enrolled into the study. Their mean age was 73.1 ± 6.7 years with mean ADL score of 8.9 ± 2.0 and IADL score of 8.7 ± 4.6. One hundred twelve (71%) residents were aged >70 years. Thirty-five men (23%) had low SMMI in group aged >60 years, and twenty-eight subjects (25%) in the group aged >70 years. MNA scores were significantly lower in residents with low SMMI compared with having normal SMMI (17.1 ± 3.4 versus 19.6 ± 2.5, p = 0.005). BMI was significantly lower in the residents with low SMMI compared with normal SMMI (19.6 ± 2.7 versus 27.1 ± 4.1, p< 0.001). ADL scores were significantly different between residents with low SMMI and normal SMMI in those aged >70 years (8.1 ± 2.6 versus 9.1 ± 1.6, p = 0.014). In regression analyses, the only factor associated with better functional status was the lower age (p = 0.04) while the only factor associated with better nutrition was higher SMMI (p = 0.01).Conclusions: Low SMMI detected by LMM evaluation method of EWGSOP criteria is prevalent among male nursing home residents. There is association of low SMMI with nutritional status and probably with functional status within the nursing home setting using the EWGSOP criteria with Turkish normative reference cut-off value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• More than 23,000 residents participated in this study. • The urinary incontinence prevalence ranged from 13.8% in Turkey to 35.1% in Austria. • The most frequently used nursing intervention in all countries was the use of absorbent products and/or catheters. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the prevalence rates of urinary incontinence as well as the management of urinary incontinence in the nursing home setting in Austria, the Netherlands, Turkey and the UK. This study is a secondary analysis of the 2017 and 2018 data from a multi-site, cross-sectional study which is performed annually in the nursing home setting in Austria, the Netherlands, Turkey and the UK. A total of 23,334 nursing home residents was included in this study, most of whom were female. The urinary incontinence prevalence rates ranged from 13.8% in Turkey to 35.1% in Austria. In all countries, the most frequently used intervention for urinary incontinence management was the use of absorbent products and/or catheters (ranging from 81% in Turkey to 94.5% in Austria). The countries differed with regard to the methods used to assess the type of urinary incontinence, scheduled individual bathroom visits and medication evaluation. In the UK (77.1%), scheduled individual bathroom visits were a more frequent measure than in Austria (51.3%), the Netherlands (24.4%) and Turkey (10.2%). The most frequently used nursing intervention in all countries was the use of absorbent products and/or catheters. Future studies on the over- or misuse of these products are warranted. In order to avoid the over- or misuse of these products in the nursing home setting, the use of the evidence- and consensus-based algorithm provided by the Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society™ is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes is reported to accelerate sarcopenia (age-related loss of muscle mass and function). We aimed to assess muscle mass and strength in elderly diabetics, elderly non-diabetics, younger diabetics and healthy subjects, and to define correlates of muscle mass and strength in these subjects. Methods: Sixteen elderly diabetics, 16 younger diabetics, 16 elderly non-diabetics and 18 younger non-diabetics were included. Elderly and diabetic subjects were first evaluated with exercise testing. Isokinetic leg extension and flexion tests were performed using a Cybex 350 dynamometer. Muscle mass was calculated using bioelectric impedance analysis. Results: Muscle mass was similar between all groups; however, muscle strength was significantly lower in diabetic and non-diabetic elderly subjects compared with younger diabetic subjects and non-diabetics. Muscle strength was positively correlated with albumin, metabolic equivalent and hemoglobin, and inversely correlated with age, HbA1c, functional capacity and CRP. Independent correlates of muscle strength were age and hemoglobin. There was no clinically significant correlate of muscle mass. Presence or duration of diabetes was not associated with muscle mass or strength. Conclusions: Uncomplicated diabetes does not seem to accelerate aging-related muscle mass or strength loss. Exercise test parameters may be useful markers in the screening of sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 61-year-old woman with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) presented with fever and weakness.

Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication of end-stage liver disease. It happens in the presence of significant hepatic dysfunction and the diversion of the portal blood to the systemic circulation (portosystemic shunts). Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) or Osler-Weber-Rendu disease, can also involve the liver along with the skin, mucous membranes, lung, brain, and gastrointestinal tract. The prevalence of hepatic involvement in HHT ranges between 41% and 78%. Although most patients with HHT are asymptomatic, some may have symptoms due to high-output heart failure, portal hypertension and biliary disease. Less commonly, patients may also develop porto-systemic encephalopathy. In this case report, we present a woman aged 63 years, who was cliagirosed as having hepatic encephalopathy due to a portosystemic shunt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]