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Multi-prime RSA (MPRSA) is an extended version of RSA in which the modulus is the product of three or more distinct prime numbers. As with the RSA, this variant is also scrutinized for vulnerabilities. The main goal of the attacks on MPRSA is to test the strength of MPRSA compared to that of RSA to determine whether MPRSA can be used in place of RSA. We apply two famous attacks on RSA to MPRSA by constructing lattices using the Jochemsz and May approach. In comparison to RSA, MPRSA is less vulnerable to both attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective To compare static compliance (C st) and alveolar–arterial oxygen tension difference [P(a –a)O 2 ] between positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) of 7, 12 and 17 cmH 2 O applied after an alveolar recruitment maneuver (RM) in isoflurane-anesthetized horses. Study design Prospective, randomized, clinical study. Animals A group of 30 healthy adult horses undergoing arthroscopic surgery. Methods Animals in dorsal recumbency and mechanically ventilated with a tidal volume of 14 mL kg−1 and 7 cmH 2 O PEEP (control; n = 6) were subjected to an RM by increasing PEEP from 7 to 22 cmH 2 O in 5 cmH 2 O increments at 5 minute intervals, and then decreased similarly to PEEP of 17 (RM17; n = 8), 12 (RM12; n = 8) or 7 cmH 2 O (RM7; n = 8). C st and P(a –a)O 2 were assessed prior to (baseline) and after the RM at 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes after achieving each target PEEP, and during recovery from anesthesia. Results Post-RM improvements on P(a –a)O 2 were maintained (baseline versus 80 minutes) in RM12 [216 ± 77 mmHg (28.8 ± 10.3 kPa) versus 194 ± 39 mmHg (25.9 ± 5.2 kPa)] and RM17 [180 ± 86 mmHg (24.0 ± 11.6 kPa) versus 136 ± 75 mmHg [18.2 ± 10.0 kPa]). The improvements on C st were maintained only in RM12 (0.80 ± 0.13 versus 0.98 ± 0.13 mL cmH 2 O−1 kg−1). No such improvements were observed in RM7 and control. No significant differences were observed between groups during recovery from anesthesia. Conclusions and clinical relevance The 12 and 17 cmH 2 O PEEP can be used to maintain the improvements on P(a –a)O 2 obtained after an RM. Only 12 cmH 2 O PEEP maintained the post-RM increase on C st. Such variables were not influenced by the 7 cmH 2 O PEEP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to identify percutaneous injuries correlates in the nursing team from a Brazilian tertiary-care hospital. A case-control study was conducted from January 2003 to July 2004, including 200 cases and 200 controls. Cases and controls were paired by gender, professional category, and work section. To evaluate the relationship between potential risk/protective factors and the outcome, odds ratios were estimated, using multivariate logistic regression methods. The results shown six predictors of percutaneous injuries: 'recapping needles' (OR 9.48; CI(95%): 5.29-16.96); 'hours worked per week > 50 hours' (OR 2.47; CI(95%): 1.07-5.67); 'years in nursing practice < 5 years' (OR 6.70; CI(95%): 2.42-18.53); 'work shift in night' (OR 2.77; CI(95%): 1.35-5.70); 'low self evaluation of risk' (OR 10.19; CI(95%): 3.67-28.32) and 'previous percutaneous injuries' (OR 3.14; CI(95%): 1.80-5.48). The results support the recommendation of applying effective strategies to prevent percutaneous injuries in the nursing team working on tertiary-care institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To define the range of neonatal weight loss in a population relative to feeding method.Design: Prospective observational cohort study.Setting: Maternity service providing geographically defined, community based newborn follow up.Participants: 971 consecutive term newborns of birth weight > or = 2500 g during the first 2-3 weeks of life; 34 excluded (inadequate data). 937 included: 45% breast fed, 42% formula fed, 13% breast and formula fed.Outcome Measures: Maximum weight loss and timing, age on regaining birth weight.Results: Median weight loss: formula fed 3.5%, breast fed 6.6%. Upper centiles for maximum weight loss differ considerably (95th centiles: breast fed = 11.8%, formula fed = 8.4%; 97.5th centiles: breast fed = 12.8%, formula fed = 9.5%). Median time of maximum weight loss: 2.7 days for breast fed and formula fed. Recovery of birth weight: breast fed median 8.3 days, 95th centile 18.7 days, 97.5th centile 21.0 days; formula fed median 6.5 days, 95th centile 14.5 days, 97.5th centile 16.7 days. The time taken to regain birth weight correlates with both the degree and timing of initial weight loss for all groups.Conclusions: Early neonatal weight loss is defined allowing identification of infants who merit closer assessment and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive, retrospective study aimed to analyze the relation between nursing data collection, diagnoses and prescriptions for 26 adult patients who were hospitalized at the intense care unit of a large teaching hospital for at least 24 hours. Through the analysis of medical records, 135 diagnoses and 421 nursing prescriptions were established, and 24 different diagnosis categories and 20 different items for prescriptions were identified. The most frequent diagnosis risk was that for infection, present in the medical records of 22 (84.60%) patients, with 175 prescriptions (42%) related to this diagnosis. The data the nurses collected were sufficient to establish the nursing diagnoses, and the majority of prescriptions (87.9%) were related to the diagnoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is an inflammatory, nonocclusive, and nonatherosclerotic vascular disease. It commonly affects arteries, veins, and surrounding neural elements and is directly related to smoking. Although distal vessels of lower and upper extremities are the most commonly involved, other vessels such as intestinal arteries can be rarely affected. The authors describe a 41-year-old white male smoker who presented with abdominal pain for 3 months and developed an acute bowel ischemia. He underwent urgent surgery, and segmental enterectomy was performed. Histopathologic findings were suggestive of TAO, showing typical involvement of small-sized veins and arteries with intact internal elastic lamina, preserved media, a local nonspecific inflammatory reaction, with new and older arterial and venous thromboses associated. Although mesenteric arteries are seldom injured by TAO, this diagnosis must be considered when the usual causes of intestinal ischemia are ruled out. In this case, even without any other clinical symptoms of TAO, this rare diagnosis could be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burkina Faso conducted mass measles vaccination campaigns among children aged 9 months to 4 years during December 1998 and December 1999. The 1998 campaign was limited to six cities and towns, while the 1999 campaign was nationwide. The last year of explosive measles activity in Burkina Faso was 1996. Measles surveillance data suggest that the 1998 urban campaigns did not significantly impact measles incidence. After the 1999 national campaign, the total case count decreased during 2000 and 2001. However, 68% of measles cases occurred among children aged 5 years or older who were not included in the mass vaccination strategy. During 2000 and 2001, areas with high measles incidence were characterized by low population density and presence of mobile and poor populations. Measles control strategies in Sahelian Africa must balance incomplete impact on virus circulation with cost of more aggressive strategies that include older age groups. Copyright © 2003 Infectious Diseases Society of America [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]