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The aim of this research is to preliminary develop a Simulation on Refutational-Text (SoRT) in changing physics conception using Rasch and NVivo analysis. The 3D design (Define, Design, and Develop) is used in this research. The instrument consists of a validity sheet (for 3 experts) and open-ended questions (with Aesthetic and Usability Indicators for 12 Males and 8 Females physics teachers in Central Java). The Rasch was used to analyse the SoRT validation, while the NVivo to analyse teacher answers. The results of the Rasch analysis show that the SoRT is valid with improvements. Temporarily, NVivo's results show on aesthetic indicators, 70% of teachers' answers are positive, 45% are neutral, and 20% are negative. For usability indicators, 90% are positive, 5% are neutral, and 5% are negative. Thus, the preliminary development of SoRT is ready to be implemented for students in changing the conception of physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, high school students encounter high technology problems in which they need 21st-century skills to give them the solution by learning STEM education that includes problem-solving, team working, creativity, innovation, critical thinking, and communication skills. On the other hand, STEM education in Indonesia is not as common as in the United States of America as a curriculum. Moreover, Indonesia has a National Curriculum which means that every school applies the same curriculum. This research aims to analyze how science teachers implement STEM education in their classes by using project-based learning and hands-on activities, and their knowledge and readiness to integrate STEM education into National Curriculum. The research used a descriptive method. The participants were collected by using purposive sampling, which are 82 participants who are high school science teachers. This research uses a web-based questionnaire to collect the data which contained two parts, such as demographic and issue part with four and twelve questions, respectively. The researcher found that most of the participants (63%) have applied project-based learning and hands-on activities for a quarter of their course content. Moreover, they gave problems to students for more than half of the courses to improve students^ problem-solving skills. The research also shows that the participants used authentic assessments, such as portfolios to evaluate students' performance. Based on the results, most of them have already known and implemented STEM education in some of their learning processes. Even though STEM education is already on the National Curriculum, in fact, not every school knows and understands how to apply STEM in their classroom. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and improve the National Curriculum by integrating STEM education into the curriculum with all the stakeholder's support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine (1) the availability of science e-learning facilities, (2) the students and teachers' mastery in using the science e-learning facilities, and (3) the condition on e-learning activities in public or private Madrasah Aliyah (Islamic Senior High Schools); whether the science e-learning was more interesting than normal learning. The research methods used a survey to attain the data and quantitative descriptive to analyze the data. The survey was carried out by distributing questionnaires through whatsapp groups and google forms. The primary data were taken from 340 participants' responses, consists of 213 female respondents and 127 male respondents, representing Madrasah Aliyah population in West Java, both public and privates. This study used types of data, namely knowledge, attitudes and actions. The result revealed that science e-learning had been implemented in the Madrasah Aliyah in West Java. However, the availability of science e-learning facilities, the mastery of the science e-learning facilities, and the science e-learning process in the public schools were better than the private ones. Generally, students in both types of Islamic schools stated science e-learning was not more interesting than normal learning. However, the majority understood the lessons and had chances to participate actively during the learning process. This paper suggested e- learning platforms be more interesting than normal learning so that science e-learning activities will be more meaningful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic brings a lot of new challenges like never before. Adaptation is a must including in the learning and teaching ecosystem. A sudden switching from in-person learning to distance learning is difficult, especially in Indonesia where distance learning is still uncommon. Hence, a set of proper strategies is required to push the success rate of distance learning. This paper shares our experience in employing the pair programming approach as a part of our distance learning strategy. We applied the approach in two introductory programming courses available to the freshmen. Two grouping methods were applied (random and clustered). Based on both the final grades and the students' opinions, we conclude that pair programming is very effective to help the students reaching the course objectives. However, team commitment was reported as the biggest obstacle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofuel is produced by the anaerobic degradation of organic matter and is mainly composed of methane (CH4). Therefore, the substance is a suitable alternative source of energy. This biofuel may be acquired through waste management, particularly from the processing of household refuse and sewage. Previous research evaluated only the Calorific Value or Higher Heating Value (HHV) of the gas. However, this study aims to analyze heat transfer through the convection of hot gases during combustion. The magnitude of the coefficient of this procedure is highly dependent on the turbulence value. This parameter, in turn, influences the transference rate. Subsequently, a 1558 L capacity bio-digester processed 750 kg mixed household waste, 750 L water, 7 kg Green Phoskko (GP-7), and 50 kg cow dung to generate 75 L of biofuel whose optimum composition was 50.35% CH4, 17.65% N2, 8.98% H2 and 23.02% CO2. The maximum turbulence was determined to be 1.1× 106, 4.8× 105, and 2.9 ×105 while the minimum values were 5.7× 105, 2.7× 105, and 1.5× 105, for butane, heptane, and the best biogas mixture, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All of Head of institutions in globally shut down school activities as effort to reduce the rate of infect of coronavirus in pandemic. This global most affects hundreds millions of students worldwide. UNESCO supports countries that close face-to-face learning activities, to decrease the direct impact of school closures, such as online distance learning. Learning from home is a term used in activities in pandemic era by the Indonesian government, with daring or online teaching methods. The implementation of BDR certainly has an impact on the obstacles felt by students during the learning process. The focus of this study is to evaluate online process and as a reference in teaching biology for the lectures during the pandemic era to improve the teaching activities. Participants are students who take lectures in the even semester of the academic year 2020/2021 which amounts to 34 students. Data collection using questionnaires based on Google form then the results are analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The questionnaire distribution results were as follows: 20.6% of students were less motivated, 11.8% had difficulty receiving lecture materials, 17.6% of students concentrated less on using online learning, and 50% of presentations of teaching materials were less qualified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biology learning in the light of Covid-19 requires educators to have creative thinking skills in online classes. In particular, they are overcoming learning problems through the development of biology learning media. This study aims to determine student's creative thinking skills in determining ideas for development biology learning media in the light of Covid-19. There are four indicators of creative thinking skills described including fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. This research is a descriptive study using a quantitative approach. The subjects in this study were 27 students of Biology Education in Semester IV who studied in the learning media course. The research has been carried out at FKIP Tanjungpura University for the 2020/2021 academic year. The research has been conducted in 8 meetings (half-semester). Quantitative data has been obtained from student answers working on structured project assignments and written tests which were analyzed in percentages, then converted into descriptive data. The results showed that the percentage of creative thinking skills was quite creative (51.85%). Fluency has the most significant percentage (81.30%), followed by elaboration (55.60%), originality (53.50%), and flexibility (45.50%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyze the needs of teachers in the field of physics learning to develop multiple representation learning material application with hybrid combined pictures (MeetLearnHope) on parabolic motion concept. Recent research shows many studies about the importance of multiple representations in learning physics and also the benefit of using interactive multimedia. Thus, this would be meaningful and necessary to study what stuff are requested when we want to develop an interactive multimedia in learning parabolic motion concept. The participants including in this research were 25 physics teachers (4 male and 21 female). The descriptive-qualitative method was used so we got the result as the majority teachers of physics require an interactive multimedia that contains some essentials features, e.g., simple main concept explanation (92%), nature phenomenon about the concept (100 %), sample questions, and solutions (96%) but 68 % respondent said the interactive media should be simple e.g. doesn't need any exaggerate music and user interface interactions. Overall, we can conclude that developing this interactive multimedia to improving learning motivation when learning about parabolic motion is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Science process skills are skills that focus on the learning process to develop students' skills in understanding the necessary facts, concepts, and values. This study aims to measure the science process skills (SPS) of K-11 students on Dynamic Fluid material. Participants in this study were 34 students aged 15-17 years consisting of 8 boys and 26 girls in Kampar. This research is a single case study with a combination design. The instrument used was six multiple-choice questions with six different indicators. The results showed that the percentage value of students' science process skills was at 38%. With these results the students' science process skills on Dynamic Fluid material were still in the low category. So, there is a need for a development in the learning process to improve the science process skills of K-11 students in Dynamic Fluid material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physics education research about student's attitudes in formal education have put out a large number of papers. This paper reports a descriptive-quantitative about attitude towards physics female students on Islamic Boarding School. The subject of research were female student's Junior High School whose have around 12-15 years old in 7th until 9th grade. The instrument to measure attitude towards physics is adopted from The Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS). The research has been designed as preliminary study, in order to collect data attitude toward physics so the instrument CLASS was administered online to all participated students. Obtained data were analyzed by using CLASS Scoring Tool and ANOVA by IBM SPSS Statistics 22. This research found that overall students have positive attitude towards physics. Especially on personal interest, real world connection, problem solving general, problem solving confidence, and senses making/effort categories. But have less positive attitude toward physics in problem solving sophistication, conceptual understanding and applied conceptual understanding. Furthermore, there were significant difference in average of attitudes toward physics based on age-level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific process skills (SPS) are important as the basis for developing the skills of the 21st century that are required to face the industrial era 4.0 and society 5.0. However, the Covid-19 pandemic allows learning to take place online so that it has an impact on the scientific process skills of students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scientific process skills of 10th grade students at a public high school in Kabupaten Bekasi. Measured aspects of the scientific process skills include observing, interpreting, predicting, planning experiments, communicating and applying concepts. A descriptive quantitative is used as this type of research. The research sample consisted of 211 grade 10th students (133 females and 68 males) who had completed learning the concept of simple harmonic oscillation online. The data was collected through tests and interviews. The percentage of the scientific process skill test on the aspect of observing, interpreting, predicting, planning experiment, communicating and applying concepts were 48% (less), 56% (less), 58% (less), 46% (less), 46% (less) and 45% (less), respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts in online learning to improve scientific process skills of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of research is developing multiple-choices test items as tools for measuring the scientific of generic skills on solar system. To achieve the aim that the researchers used the ADDIE model consisting Of: Analyzing, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation, all of this as a method research. While The scientific of generic skills limited research to five indicator including: (1) indirect observation, (2) awareness of the scale, (3) inference logic, (4) a causal relation, and (5) mathematical modeling. The participants are 32 students at one of junior high schools in Bandung. The result shown that multiple-choices that are constructed test items have been declared valid by the expert validator, and after the tests show that the matter of developing multiple-choices test items be able to measuring the scientific of generic skills on solar system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to identify the understanding of the physical meaning of high school students towards several physics quantities reviewed, including: specific heat, coefficient of expansion, spring coefficient, Young's modulus, electrical conductivity and dielectric constant. We used descriptive method in this study. The research subjects were 52 senior high school students in one district in the West Java. The instrument used to collect data on understanding physical meaning and its source is a test for understanding physical meaning in the form of an essay. The results showed that almost all students who were the subjects of this study did not have a good understanding of the physical meaning of the physics quantities being reviewed. The statements given by the students are not physical meanings but are verbal representations of the formulas related to the physics quantities. From the students' answers, it can also be identified that the sources of reference are internet and Textbook. This unique data was collected in online distance learning in which student study at home independently with technological aid and various online learning materials. The findings of this study lead into a necessary to create a treatment to improve understanding of the physical meaning of physics quantities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to: (1) determine the level of misconceptions of male students in grade VII of a State Junior High School in Lamongan Regency on the subject of heat case physics by using a three-level test. (2) Knowing the level of misconceptions of class VII junior high school students in Lamongan Regency on the subject of heat case physics by using a three-level test. (3) Knowing the level of misconceptions of seventh grade junior high school students in Lamongan Regency on the whole science subject by using a three-level test. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The sample of this study consisted of 300 seventh grade students in 10 different schools in Lamongan Regency, with 163 female students and 137 male students. The research instrument used was a diagnostic instrument and interview guide. The three-tier diagnostic instrument consisted of 20 questions. Each question consists of three levels, namely the first level is the usual choice of answers, the second level is the choice of reasons, and the third level is the level of confidence in the answers and reasons. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that: (1) The level of misconceptions of male students in grade VII of SMP Negeri in Lamongan Regency on the subject of heat case physics using a three-level test was included in the high category of 67%. (2) The level of misconceptions of seventh grade junior high school students in Lamongan Regency on the subject of heat case physics using a three-level test is in the high category of 64%. (3) The level of misconceptions of seventh grade junior high school students in Lamongan Regency in all subjects of hot case science using a three-level test is in the high category of 66%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the conception of integers on a number line that a third grade elementary school student in Bengkulu City had. Although this student had not received a formal learning, he already had a conception of a number line. It was suspected that he learned informally from digital media and his surroundings. This was a qualitative research with a case study approach. The subject of this research was a student, who was detected, having an ability to draw a number line on his notebook. The student was given conceptual questions about integers on a number line. The questions were about1) the representation of a number line; 2) the existence of integers on a number line; 3) the distance between integers on a number line; 4) the meaning of a number line for the student; and 5) use of floor as number line. The results obtained were as follows: 1) the student was able to draw correctly a number line for integers; 2) the student knew that the infinity of many integers on a number line described by using words "many" and "uncountable"; 3) the student knew that the distance between numbers on a number line was the same; 4) the student was able to use a number line to compare two numbers by stating that the number to the right was a number that was more than the number to the left; and 5) the student was able to represent lines on the floor as a number line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seeing types of misconceptions on mathematics which are classified as basic and prerequisite for many concepts, such as inequality, is important. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze misconceptions and alleged causes of misconceptions on inequality. The method and design that used in this study were a qualitative method and case study research design with respondent consisting of 9 students of class XI in a high school in the city of Bandung through giving a test consisting of 5 questions and conducting interview to students who made mistakes in doing these 5 questions. From the research results, there were four types of misconception that were experienced by students on 5 inequality questions. These misconceptions were caused by students' lack of understanding on some of the prerequisite concepts for inequality and overgeneralization. For further research, the researchers should give more complex questions to students so that misconceptions can be studied in more deeply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This meta-analysis study was conducted to examine the overall effect of utilizing the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) Cooperative Learning (CL) model on students' mathematical communication ability and to analyze the degree of variation between each study. One hundred four articles were published between 2015 until 2020 and examined for research purposes; ten articles were obtained that met the eligibility for analysis. The studies' samples are High School and Junior High School students. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) program utilized as an examination device. The effect-size index of the Hedges-g equation is obtained and decided based on the random-effect model estimation. It comes about appeared that the overall effect measure of the application of TPS CL on students' mathematical communication abilities was 0.826, there implies that there is a positive effect that's very high in this finding, with a standard error of 0.247. So these discoveries show that the application of TPS CL in Indonesia is quite viable in making strides in students' mathematical communication abilities. Analysis of the level of study variation was critical in terms of "differences in education levels." These discoveries demonstrate that the TPS-type CL show is more compelling at the Junior High School level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims find out which students mathematical problem-solving ability enhance better, using Group Investigation learning or students using hands-on learning. Method used in the research is quantitative. This type research quasi-experiment with used non equivalent control group design. The research has been conducted at one the junior high schools in Karawang, Indonesia by sampling using purposive sampling techniques, so that taking two classes as research samples of 40 respondents will each be using the Group Investigation learning and using hands-on learning. This research data collection technique of a mathematical problem-solving skills test instrument. Based on results analysis that enhance mathematical problem-solving skills students from N-Gain test, with calculation N-Gain test belonging to the moderate category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of sets in school mathematics and university mathematics is the result of the transition process from scholarly knowledge (SK) to learned knowledge (LK). This SK describes the formal concept definition (FCD) of a mathematical concept. Meanwhile, from the LK, we can get a picture of the student's concept image (CI). This research was presented to reveal the phenomenon of zone of concept differences between student's CI and FCD as the impact of knowledge transposition on the sets concept. This research was a qualitative research using an interpretive phenomenology approach. 28 seventh grade junior high school students, 30 first semester students, one seventh grade mathematics teacher and one lecturer in set theory and function courses. The findings of this study indicated that there was zone of differences between student's CI and FCD in some sets concept, namely the definition of set, cardinality, and subset. While the material for element of set and empty set did not find any zone of concept differences. This zone of concept differences was due to the zone of differences between concept definitions (CD 1 and CD 2) as illustrated by knowledge to be taught (KT) and taught knowledge (TK) with FCD. Tt can be seen from the incompleteness of the material presented in both KT and TK. Thus, based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the zone of concept differences did not only occur between student's CI and FCD, but also occur between CD and FCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is aimed to identify epistemological obstacles in students' understanding of the concept of analytic trigonometry. This research used Didactical Design Research (DDR) as the method that uses the interpretive paradigm. This study's participants were 14 grade XI students from a Senior High School in Kuningan who had studied analytic trigonometry. Data was obtained by analyzing the respondent ability test and interviews to solve trigonometric analytic questions. The characteristics of identified epistemological obstacles that have been found are related to students' knowledge in solving problems associated with analytic trigonometry. The results showed that students experienced several epistemological obstacles that impact some errors in solving the problem. Students' limited knowledge of fundamental topics in solving analytic trigonometry problems is a factor that contributes to the emergence of common trigonometry errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Habits of mind students are one of the important attitudes when learning mathematics. Because the attitudes students show their thinking using mathematics when solving problems. This study aims to measure the criteria for the habits of mind of senior high school students as a whole and each of the 16 indicators. This study used survey method and quantitative approach by giving mathematical habits of mind questionnaire to 68 12th grade students in one of the senior high schools in Tasikmalaya. The results showed that the mathematical habits of mind of students in the high group were 16 people, there were 40 people in the average group and 11 people in the low group. Meanwhile, based on the overall indicators, it had a percentage of 46.1% with 9 indicators that were in average criteria and 7 other indicators were in low criteria. The highest indicator was responding with wonderment and awe, while the lowest was gathering data through all senses. So, the overall mathematical habits of mind for senior high school students are in average criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research was to investigate self-efficacy of students in the distance learning mathematics classroom. The data were collected through an online questionnaire survey. The survey of self-efficacy was based on three dimensions according to Bandura, which is magnitude, strength, and generality. The statistical population of this study was junior high school students in DKI Jakarta. Simple random sampling technique was used in this research and 105 students were drawn as the sample of this research. The collected data from questionnaire were transformed to interval data using method of successive interval (MSI). The transformed data then was analysed using descriptive data analysis to describe the level of self-efficacy students based on each dimension. Based on the three dimensions of self-efficacy, each of them is at a moderate level. However, the dimensions of strength and generality need to be further improved because it was rather poorly. The strength dimension has the lowest mean out of the other dimensions. Meanwhile on generality dimension, the number of students who had very low self-efficacy was the highest out of the other dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until now, there have been many literature studies concerning a meta-analysis of problem-based learning (PBL) on students' mathematical abilities. However, it seems that the use of technology such as mathematical software in implementing PBL has not been widely used. This study aims to summarize, estimate, and evaluate the effect of PBL assisted by mathematical software, namely GeoGebra and Cabri 3D, on students' understanding of geometrical concepts using systematic review and meta-analysis by synthesizing nine effect sizes from seven primary studies that satisfies the inclusion criteria. The comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software was used as the analysis tool to calculate Hedge's g equation for determining the effect size. From systematic review, it can be concluded that 86% of the studies show that PBL assisted GeoGebra and Cabri 3D has positive impacts on students' understanding of geometrical concepts. Based on the meta-analysis results, the overall effect size is 0.674 according to the random-effects model and it was classified as moderate effect. In addition, some characteristics examined, namely sample size, education level, and mathematical software, did not significantly cause the heterogeneous effect size data. Thus, these findings recommend that mathematics teachers and lecturers should choose to apply PBL assisted by GeoGebra and Cabri 3D as one of the best solutions to improve understanding of geometrical concepts in mathematics learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics of each student's cognitive abilities are different in learning, and some can quickly understand the material, some are not fast enough. This article discusses the characteristics of the slow learner students seen from their cognitive abilities and learning motivation in solving mathematical problems. As well, providing recommendations on the management of mathematics learning to teachers in dealing with slow learners in the regular classroom. This research uses qualitative research. The research approach was carried out using observation and informal interviews with two slow learner students in grade 8. To find out how far cognitive abilities are measured based on indicators of bloom taxonomy. The results show that: regarding cognitive abilities, the two research subjects have the same level, namely at the C-2 level (understanding) and tend to have the C-3 level (applying), however, only at the step of executing familiar tasks (routine questions) and not yet at the implementing step (implementing), namely unfamiliar assignments (non-routine questions). In terms of motivation, both have different motivations (high and low) in learning mathematics based on the most factor influencing student's motivation are psychological (e.g., learning disabilities), physiology (e.g., sensory disturbances), even sociology (e.g., feeling embarrassed in the communication) where these obstacles can be a cause for students. In addition, teachers must manage learning so that these two students slow learner who have characteristics cognitive ability and different motivation to achieve the expected purpose of learning mathematics, namely by knowing what prior knowledge of students already have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deaf and hard hearing are a condition of someone who has a terrible hearing loss or less severe of hearing loss due to medical condition or sociological and cultural condition. Because of their condition, they get a lack of communication that it impacts to their performance in mathematics. Many researches found that deaf students are visualizer. The aim of this study is to review result study of visualization power of deaf students at middle school in Indonesia. Referring to nine main literatures, It concludes that in Indonesia, deaf middle school students prefer visualization to text in learning mathematics, a specific lesson design is needed that is adjusted to characteristics of deaf and hard hearing students, and deaf and hard hearing students are able to be developed both competencies and thinking process by using appropriate media and technology for learning mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numeracy literacy ability has an important role to embody a critical generation as a problem solver. The numeracy literacy consisted of two domains, namely change and relationship, and quantity. Students' numeracy literacy is influenced by several factors, including adversity quotient. The study aims to describe students' numeracy literacy ability viewed by the Adversity Quotient (AQ). This study was qualitative with a phenomenological design. The subjects were 12 students consisting of 5 males and 7 females 10th grade students of a senior high school in Central Java, Indonesia who had AQ types of quitter, camper, and climber. The data were collected by using 2 essay questions adapted from PISA 2012, adversity quotient scale, and interview which conducted in an unstructured interview. The result shows that in change and relationship domain, quitter students have a problem in making mathematical formulating that effect on their difficulty in employing and interpreting. Camper students are able to make the mathematical formulation rightly but they have difficulty in employing the mathematical concepts to solve their problems. Climber students are able to answer completely. In quantity domain, all of the students are able to answer the problems and they are able to justify rightness their answers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to obtain an overview of students' mathematical conceptual understanding during online learning. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative with the research subject were the 20 fourth grade of elementary school students in Garut Regency. They were selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through test instruments related to students' mathematical conceptual understanding and interview guidelines related to online learning problems. The result showed that fourth grade students' ability to understand mathematics concepts was not optimal. Learning strategies that optimized online learning platform did not work well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Student activity is an important factor in learning. Students who are active in learning will greatly support the achievement of learning objectives. This study aims to determine the activeness of students in the application of the use of Lulingpat media on rectangle and triangle learning. This research was conducted at SMP Sunan Kalijogo Malang. This research method uses a qualitative approach because the researcher wants to explore the activeness of students in the application of the use of Lulingpat media on rectangle and triangles material. The research subjects were 22 class VIIA students of SMP Sunan Kalijogo Malang in the 2019/2020 school year. Based on the results of the analysis of student activeness observations obtained an average percentage of 91.28%, this indicates that the activeness of class VIIA students in the material of rectangle and triangles using Lulingpat media is very good. With the results of this study, it is hoped that teachers and students can use Lulingpat media so that students can be active in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the learning process from offline to online. However, in its implementation there are still many obstacles, especially in learning mathematics which requires concept construction and intense training. Therefore, in order for the learning objectives to be achieved, students need a good attitude of self-regulated learning. This study aims to analyze the correlation between learning motivation and student's perceptions of online mathematics learning on the mathematic's self-regulated learning profile. The sample consisted of 90 high school students from several different schools in Bandung city who were randomly selected. Researchers used a Likert scale questionnaire to collect data on learning motivation, data on student perceptions of online mathematics learning and data on mathematics Self-Regulated learning profile. Data analysis using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) shows that: (1) there is a significant positive effect between students' perceptions on students' learning motivation; (2) there is a significant positive effect between students' learning motivation on the mathematic's self-regulated learning profile; and (3) there is a significant positive effect between students' perceptions on the mathematic's self-regulated learning profile. The results of this study indicate that learning motivation and students' perceptions are significant predictors of mathematic's self-regulated learning profile. The findings in this study suggest that educators have to pay attention and evaluate students' learning motivation and perceptions of online mathematics learning that will be carried out and apply various creative teaching methods so that students' independence in learning mathematics online increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to create augmented reality media. Then, based on the results of the development, the impact of the use of media with augmented reality on the results of learning mathematics was studied. The model used in this study uses the Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation (ADDIE) model. The best, unequal control group was used in the evaluation. Data analysis techniques using the best observation sheets, questionnaires and post-validation sheets. Based, on the data analysis, the result of authentication of three math teachers in augmented reality is 85%. The results of the students' answers also gave excellent results 83%. The evaluation results show that the value of N-Gain in augmented reality learning averages 73% or 0.73. These results show that learning math using polyhedron augmented reality effectively improves math learning outcomes. Studying mathematics without augmented reality shows a high N-Gain score 50% or 0.5. However, both options are more effective when using augmented reality learning tools. The difference is 23% or 0.23. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the use of augmented reality can improve the performance in math of secondary school students at SMP 10 in.Serang city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at developing mathematics instructional media based on android games on the material of one variable linear equation. The media developed is a learning media used to study and understand the one variable linear equation material. This research used research and development (R & D) method. The research procedure consisted of 4 stages, namely 1) collecting information stage, 2) planning stage, 3) developing product stage, 4) validation and trial stage. The expediency of the developed media was determined based on validity and practicality through peer teaching at State University of Malang. Research and development of android-based instructional media on the material of one variable linear equation that had been tested produced a valid and practical instructional media with a validity score of 3.00, learning activities practicality score of 3.10, and practicality score of instructional media use of 3.33. Thus, the media were proper to be used in mathematics learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The studies explore and identify the science concepts in the traditional game "dhongi koti" that can be integrated into science learning and introduce students to the cultural values of "dhongi koti". Ethnoscience approach in science learning allows pupils to build the related meaning builds upon their experiences as participants of ethnic people, grow their engagement in learning so they can make the knowledge themselves, and be motivated to learn science by their own inquisitiveness. The result identification of sciences concept in the traditional game "dhongi koti" in Nagekeo districts, NTT can be integrated into science learning included the sciences concept such as Newton's Laws, friction, and pressure. Newton's laws take place at the time the "koti" or top of silence then will remain silent if there is no outside force influence, and the greater the force is given to the "koti" the greater the acceleration. The friction style occurs when the "koti" is based on the base where the "koti" is played, and the pressure concept occurs between the "koti" against the base where the top is rotating. Recommendation for these studies for sciences teachers to do this well, they must (1) be knowledgeable about the nature of science concept in cultural activities, (2) develop their own skills to using ethnoscience approach in learning practice in the classroom. The future research ethnoscience approach in Nagekeo district is very useful, identifying scientific concepts in cultural activities to bringed in science learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic affected the learning process and has resulted in the face-to-face learning process being changed into learning from home with an online learning system, including the science learning. However, the online learning process did not work optimally as expected. There were many obstacles encountered during the science learning process from home. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the implementation of online science learning in elementary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of this research was qualitative study. The research took place one in private elementary schools in Padang City. The data were collected through interview process. The data analysis technique used interactive analysis techniques from Miles & Huberman, which consisted of data collection, data reduction, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that elementary school students already have the basic facilities needed to take part in online learning. Online learning has flexibility in its implementation, it can also encourage students to be more active in the learning process. Online learning helps the emergence of social distancing behaviour and minimizes student crowds to reduce the spread of Covid-19 in.elementary schools. On the other hand, the study also found several weaknesses in online learning, namely the lack of supervision of students during the learning process, the lack of strong signals in remote areas, and the high cost of internet service. This research implies a reference in the development of science learning in elementary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tropical rainforests of East Kalimantan famous for its biodiversity. Sustainable development must be a commitment to save the environment. Education is the main foundation for sustainable development. Environment-oriented learning needs to be supported by the use of appropriate learning materials. This research was aimed to describe needs for Android-based learning material focused on tropical rainforest subject. The method used in this research is survey method. The research participants were 117 students from primary teacher training department of Mulawarman University. Data collection was carried out by means of a online questionnaire. Based on the results of the data obtained, shows that : 1) There are no learning materials specifically developed for elementary science basic concept courses, especially regarding tropical rainforest and environment, 2) digitalization of learning materials is needed to support online learning activities during the Covid-19 pandemic, 77.8% of students feel it is not enough if only listening to the lecturer's explanation so that they have difficulty understanding the science lecture material and 94.9% students think that interactive teaching materials in the learning process are necessary, 3) learning material often used by lecturers, such as power point slide with a percentage of 75.2%, while android based learning media is still very rarely used. 4) students do not play an active role when the lecturer only explains the material and gives examples of questions because the teaching materials mostly used by students are only PPT, textbooks, and learning video, then 94.9% students stated the need of learning materials on Android. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lemea is a traditional food of Rejang people made from the young bamboo bud through the fermentation process. Rejang is one of the tribes located in Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. As a form of local wisdom heritage of ancestors, Lemea must keep being preserved and maintained. Persuading students to know the steps and processes of making food typical of this area is one of the efforts to apply Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) values in schools. This research utilizes the role of education as a means that can change the views, behaviors and mindsets of students in order to have a sustainable life covered with the values of ESD perspective into science learning, called integrating conventional biotechnology materials with local wisdom. Learning is presented through a learning video that contains the content of the application of conventional biotechnology in daily life, such as traditional fermented food of Rejang (Lemea). Based on the results of the calculation of descriptive statistics, the mastery of students' concept of traditional fermented food of Rejang (Lemea) has well improved. Biotechnology learning based on local wisdom is also considered to be effective because it shows a high category in sustainability awareness for 3 aspects of ESD competency, they are environment, socio-cultural and economic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article writing was due to environmental problems which are getting difficult to solve. Pandemic covid-19, is one of the factors in increasing the production of household organic waste which has a dangerous impact. PLORA with the eco enzyme method can be used as a solution. The aim of this program to increase students knowledge, and skills about processing household organic waste using the eco enzyme method. The method used in this study is to provide an instrument in the form of multiple choice questions as many as 15 questions at the beginning and end of the activity. The sample used in this study were 30 students. The results obtained from this study stated that there was an increase between the pre test and post test with a significance level of 0.003. Therefore, this research can be concluded could increase the knowledge, and skills of students after being given training in making eco enzymes or multipurpose fluids that are environmental friendly as a solution to create a sustainable environment with zero waste. The results of this study can be used as a learning material or a basis for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Problem solving ability is one of the important abilities that students need to achieve in learning and is part of the Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) goal competence. This paper will describe the implementation of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) - based learning, especially on problems that exist around students related to sustainable development systems. The study use descriptive analysis method. This paper describes the description of the stages of ESD-based STEM learning, and displays the achievements of students at each stage of learning. The implementation of STEM learning is carried out for first-year students of FPMIPA UPI in the 2020-2021 academic year. For 2 semesters, students are given 4 projects related to ESD issues regarding food, transportation, energy, and environment. The stages of the learning process include identifying problems by finding facts about the causes and effects of these problems, carrying out investigations, designing solutions to problems, testing solutions, and redesigning solutions. The learning stages are described and provided with examples of the results of student studies. The results show that the students are able to solve the problems well. This exposure is expected to be an inspiration for researchers, and / or educators in the implementation of STEM-based learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

STKIP Weetebula is a private university located on Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province. In an effort to answer the challenges of learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, STKIP Weetebula has developed a moodle-based online learning platform that has been used by students and lecturers. This study aims to determine students' digital literacy skills by using moodle in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. Moodle is an open source e-learning software that can be used in the learning process. Ease of use of this application, which can be accessed via Android. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive study. The data collection methods used were questionnaire and interview methods. Data obtained through filling out a questionnaire that is distributed through the Google form. There are four component of digital literacy that meansure in this research such as information and data literacy components, communication and collaboration component, security component and technological capability component. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the digital literacy skills of STKIP Weetebula students in moodle-based online learning are in the good category. This can be seen from the percentage index value for the 4 indicators of digital literacy skills of 72.28%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of science, technology and art, especially in education sector, encourages universities to keep pace with the rate of development. STKIP Weetebula as one of the tertiary institutions in underdeveloped, outermost and frontier (3T) areas to responds the challenges of science and technology development by providing e-learning courses in curriculum changes. The aims of this study is to describe the implementation of e-learning courses in STKIP Weetebula Primary School Teacher Education (PGSD) study program and its impact on the technological literacy of teacher. This research uses survey research methods with quantitative approaches. The data collection technique used is documentation study and a survey technique using the google form application. The results of the study show that the e-learning course in the PGSD study program aims to equip students in developing electronic learning using various platforms such as google meet, google classroom, zoom, youtube, blog, google form and zoho form. The data from the questionnaire shows that the e-learning courses that are studied during lectures are good provisions and very useful for teachers. During the Covid-19 pandemic, learning was carried out by blended learning that is combine face-to-face and online learning. Even though they are in 3T area, teachers can carry out online learning with the knowledge and skills they have acquired during lectures. The results showed that the teachers technology literacy skills were in a good category. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the perceptions of pre-service teachers of online learning (e-learning) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research uses descriptive quantitative. The sample consisted of 175 pre-service teachers in Riau province who were selected using purposive technique sampling. The data were collected using a questionnaire via Google Form. The data analysis was performed in quantitative percentages. The result of analysis shows that pre-service teachers favour face-to-face learning to online learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore students' mental models of acid-base theory (Arhenius, Brnnsted-Lowry, and Lewis). This research was conducted in semester of the 2020/2021 academic school year. Qualitative research with phenomenology involved 25 students of class XI as participants. The technique of collecting data with a depth interview was guided by 10 open-ended questions. Content analysis techniques with interpretive or inductive coding were used to analyze the data that ended with an Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results showed that the students showed four classifications of mental models on acid-base theory in the sub-concept of definition of acid base, namely the True Scientific Mental Model (MMBI); Partially Correct Mental Model (MMBS); Mixed Mental Model (MMC); and Primitive Mental Model (MMP) of 72%, 24%, 0%, and 4% respectively. From the data analysis it can be concluded that factors that cause students difficulty in representing the concept are a) half or incomplete understanding; b) the tendency to memorize material; and c) misconceptions due to invalid learning resources. This study indicates the need of an active chemistry learning that trains students to think scientifically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemistry is abstract, to understand the concept of chemistry requires visualization and explanation through levels. This study aims to analyze macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic misconceptions in chemistry learning. The research method uses a 4D (R&D) model, namely the Dissemination stage. This test consists of 20 reasoned multiple choice questions by choosing the level of confidence. The product being tested is used for student tests in three different schools (SMAN, MAN and SMKN). The test results data were analyzed, interpreted and expressed in the profile of misconceptions at the macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic levels. The research subjects were students of class X from three different schools. The results of this study indicate that the average level of misconceptions at the macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic levels of high school students is 13%; 40%; and 43%, MAN students 30%; 37%; and 50%; SMKN students 3%; 37%; and 53%. The conclusion of this study is that the greatest misconceptions at the symbolic level occurred in three different schools, and each pattern experienced a decrease in submicroscopic and macroscopic misconceptions. The misconception test instrument developed makes it easier for teachers to analyze students' misconceptions so that misconceptions can be corrected immediately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrazoline has been reported with a broad spectrum of biological activity. The presence of the withdrawing group especially the 4-nitrophenyl group in the 3th ring of pyrazoline has never been performed. A new derivative of 2- pyrazoline has been synthesized in 2-butanol as solvent. Surprisingly, pyrazoline was synthesized by cyclization of chalcone and hydrazine hydrate without acetate acid as a catalyst. Reactants were refluxed for 30 hours and controlled by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The result showed that the reaction yielded 45.07% red solid pyrazoline. Characterization of the structure was confirmed by FTIR and 1H- NMR spectra. However, in vitro antibacterial study showed that the compound has very low antibacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific argumentation skills are considered as a major component to support science education in 21st century skills. The preservice biology teacher needs to be empowered in their argumentation skills to challenges global competition. The intent of this case study is to propose an analytical framework of scaffolding strategy to enhance the quality and quantity of scientific argumentations skills (SAS) in biology cased-based learning (BCBL) through online learning environment. This study was administered to 20 preservice biology teachers in Department of Biology Education. The quality of argument is determined by Toulmin Argumentation Pattern (TAP) and Erduran's analytical framework. The results of this study indicate that the quantity of argumentation components of pre-service biology teachers is still low. The quality of their skills in providing data, guarantees and support for claims is also still low. The findings of this study can contribute to determine the type of scaffolding can be provided in the distance learning course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to establish how research on the issue of systems thinking in biology education has progressed over the last ten years, from 2011 to 2020. The research method combines qualitative research with a review of the literature as we know as literature review. Data was gathered by searching Scopus journals for 29 citation publications published between 2011 and 2020. VOSviewer were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that 29 publications published articles on systems thinking in biology education from 2011 to 2020. The articles reviewed for this study were only collected from the Scopus database, therefore they did not have similar data. As a result, there are some research gaps in biology education to be study in future about systems thinking. For further results, study must employ a comparative analytical strategy that includes the Scopus database and the Web of Sciences (WoS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco Enzyme (EE) is a complex organic solution, it is fermented from organic waste, sugar and water and environmentally friendly. The production of EE has a double advantage, can be used to reduce waste and can be applied to water management; therefore, a study was conducted with the aim of knowing the optimum EE concentration in the purification of polluted pond water. This research is an experimental research (true experimental) with qualitative research approach. Water sample was tested with EE concentrations vary from 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% with three repetitions each. The pH value reaches 6-8.The results of organoleptic observations of the color of the water after 3 days showed that the use of 25% EE caused the color of the water changed from green to yellowish. Moreover it can be concluded that the optimum condition for using EE for purifying polluted pond water is 25% or more. The process of developing research-based mini learning documents in the form of lesson plans and worksheets use 3 stages of development, they are Analysis, Design, and Development it showed that the developed lesson plans and worksheets were very valid. It is stated very valid since the lesson plans and worksheets have met the very valid criteria. This development product will be implemented in a mini-research-based learning on biology subjects for class X high school on environmental change and environmental conservation material with the theme of using Eco Enzyme for purifying polluted pond water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify and analyze the effectiveness of online learning methods using an online platform by State Senior High School teachers in Lampung using qualitative methods. The subjects of this study were 40 biology teachers with data collection through interview and literature study. The instrument used is a non-test instrument in the form of a questionnaires filled out online. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the analysis show that the learning proses runs smoothly but there are signal interference problems. Various online platforms used are Zoom, Google Classroom, WhatsApp Group, Ruangguru, Zenius Education, Education Smart Courses and Live Worksheets. Analysis of the effectiveness of online learning methods has been effective with a percentage of 65% although difficulties in understanding students and internet connections are still found. The analysis of the effectiveness of platform-assisted online learning is considered quite effective with a percentage of 55%. The platforms that are often used are WhatsApp Groups, Zoom and Google Classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning model with by Augmented Reality media to enhance critical thinking skills on the subject of sensory systems in online learning. The research was implemented on class XI MIPA students at SMAN 2 Sleman, Yogyakarta. The indicators of critical thinking skills used in the research instrument are in accordance with those proposed proposed by Ennis. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design and used simple random sampling technique. The instrument for measuring critical thinking skills is a technical test in the form of a 10-item essay. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. The results showed that the Problem Based Learning model with by Augmented Reality learning media was effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills with an N-gain value of 0.66 which was classified as moderate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyze and identify student's research skills and affective character through mini research-based learning. Research skills and character data were analyzed using percentage techniques. The results of research skills showed that the indicators of students' information-seeking skills were able to use media sources 54.5%. Students are able to find references based on the title given 45.5%. Student information processing skills build time in finding information 36.4%. 90.1% of students are able to compile the concept and are able to compile the ideas obtained to support the topic. The results of research design skills, students are able to plan research 72.8%, develop instruments 63.6%, and collect data 54.5%. Things that need to be improved are the ability to compose problems 18.2% and literature review 9.1%. Mini research-based learning has a positive impact on the affective character of students. The domain of active student attitude in doing assignments was 72.7%, but 54.5% weak in aspects that were lecturers. The interest of students who always work on assignments is 72.7% and weak in the aspect of asking questions in class 54.5%. Self-concept is known that students enjoy studying microbiology 63.3%, however, 72.7% weak communication. The student score aspect states that the lecturer's performance has reached a maximum of 72.7% and students believe that learning microbiology can change their life behavior for the better 63.6%. Affective skills are needed as consideration for developing students who will become prospective biology educators in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21st century, time management skills are important for everyone. Therefore, time management skills are needed to be empowered through the learning process, including problem-based learning in the classroom. This study was aimed to develop student worksheets in Biology learning resource development lectures and looked for its impacts. The research method used is design research. The problem-based worksheets, critical thinking rubrics, and time management skills rubrics were used have been validated and reliable. This study showed that the use of problem-based worksheets improved both of the students' creativity scores and students' time management skills. The N-Gain score for creativity and students' time management skills were 0.41 and 0.57 respectively. This study also revealed that there was a strong and positive correlation between creativity and students' skills in managing their study time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]