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In this paper, a novel sliding mode preview control (SMPC) problem with H ∞ performance is investigated for a category of discrete-time singular Markovian jump systems (SMJSs). A novel augmented error system (AES) model is first developed for discrete-time SMJSs based on the analysis of preview information, and the problem of SMPC is reformulated as the stability problem of AES. Secondly, a novel mode-independent sliding surface function is established for AES such that the reachability of sliding mode surfaces (SMS) can always be achievable. Thirdly, sufficient conditions of the H ∞ admissible stability for sliding mode dynamics is derived, based on which a suitable SMPC law is designed to satisfy discrete-time reachability condition. Finally, simulation results have shown that the proposed SMPC law is superior to the control law without previewable information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This article investigates the fuzzy sliding mode tracking problem for discrete‐time nonlinear interconnected systems (ICSs) via a previewable information approach. First, an augmented system containing tracking errors and previewable reference and disturbance signals is established for discrete‐time nonlinear ICSs according to a previewable length. Second, novel sliding surfaces are given and some sufficient conditions of making the sliding motion asymptotically stable are derived in term of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Next, fuzzy sliding mode control (SMC) laws are designed so that the controlled system can reach the sliding surfaces and keep on them thereafter, and compared to not having previewable signals, these designed control laws can also enable system outputs to better track the reference signals asymptotically. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the problem of preview sliding mode control for a class of nonlinear uncertain discrete-time singular systems with time-delays. A difference operator approach is used to deal with the controlled system such that the derived augmented systems including preview information of reference signal can be constructed. A suitable surface is proposed in the sense of admissibility by the free-weighed matrix technique. Based on this, a sliding mode controller with preview information is constructed incorporating with the tracking error to ensure that the closed-loop control system reaches the designed sliding mode surface within finite time. To apply the proposed control scheme to the practical engineering systems, the sliding mode tracking controller with preview information is developed for a DC motor based on the proposed control approach. The comparative experiment results demonstrate that the preview information of reference signal can improve the tracking performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the non-fragile SMC problem of uncertain discrete-time TSFSSs with passive constraint based on the event-triggered method. A novel AETS is adopted to save communication resources while maintaining good control performance. According to Lyapunov function method, sufficient admissible conditions of the sliding mode dynamics are established to ensure passive performance. Throughout the entire design process, the difference singular matrix of the system under consideration is fully taken into account to make it easy to check the given conditions. Under the fuzzy environment, the non-fragile SMC law under the AETS is determined to ensure the reachability condition. Finally, two examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the given control strategy. • The non-fragile SMC problem of uncertain discrete-time TSFSSs with passivity constraint under the AETS is not available in the literature, and it is addressed for the first time. • Compared with the static ETSs with constant threshold parameters, an AETS which fully considers the network delay between the sensor and the controller is adopted. Its threshold parameter can be dynamically adjusted to save network bandwidth. • Full consideration is given from the beginning of the non-fragile SMC law design to deal with the difference matrix E such that sufficient conditions for network-induced delay TSFSSs to be admissible and passive are given with elimination of non-strict constraints. • Under the fuzzy environment, the non-fragile sliding mode controller under the AETS is designed, which ensures the reachability condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the sliding mode preview tracking control of one-sided Lipschitz nonlinear discrete-time systems. First, an augmented system including tracking error and preview information is constructed by introducing a difference operator. Then, a sliding surface is designed, and a sufficient condition of asymptotic stability is derived for the sliding mode dynamics. A convex optimization problem based on LMI is formulated to avoid solving nonlinear matrix inequalities and the classification discussion when solving the controller. Next, a sliding mode preview control law is designed such that the reachability condition of the controlled system can be satisfied, and the output of original system can track the reference signal well. Finally, two simulation examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of camouflaged object detection (COD) focuses on detecting objects that seamlessly blend into their surroundings. Camouflaged objects pose a substantial challenge in the realm of computer vision due to various factors, including occlusion, limited illumination, and diminutive dimensions. In this paper, we propose a cross-level refinement and interaction network (CRI-Net) to capture camouflaged objects. Specifically, we advance the concept of a semantic amplification module (SAM), which simulates human visual processes through multi-scale parallel convolution in a way of progressive aggregation with the aim of obtaining rich semantic information. Subsequently, we propose a cross-level refinement unit (CRU), which focuses on multivariate information at different levels in an attention-induced manner to facilitate the fusion refinement of features between levels and the exploration of feature similarity. Finally, we design a semantic-texture interaction module (SIM) to facilitate the interaction between high-level semantics and low-level textures while mining rich fine-grained spatial information to improve the integrity of camouflaged objects. By conducting comprehensive experiments on four benchmark camouflaged datasets, our CRI-Net demonstrates significantly superior performance compared to 20 cutting-edge competing methods. • A cross-level refinement and interaction network (CRI-Net) focuses on camouflaged object. • We earnestly design three key components for better study of COD missions to accurately predict camouflaged objects. The Semantic Amplification Module (SAM) is used to extract multi-scale semantic information, the Cross-level Refinement Unit (CRU) is proposed to focus on multivariate information at different levels, and the Semantic-texture Interaction Module (SIM) is designed to facilitate the interaction between high-level semantics and low-level textures. • Experimental results on four challenging COD datasets suggest that our (CRI-Net) is extremely superior in four widely used evaluation indicators of 20 state-of-the-art models. In addition, our approach is more generalized in many other visual tasks with similar COD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the sliding mode control (SMC) problem of discrete-time singular Markovian jump systems with time-varying delay under an event-triggered strategy (ETS). In the system we study, there are uncertainties in the system matrix, especially in the difference matrix. A state augmentation strategy is proposed due to uncertainties in the difference matrix. A suitable sliding mode surface (SMS) function is built, and the corresponding sliding mode dynamics (SMD) is derived based on ETS. Some sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee that SMD is H ∞ -admissible for all uncertainties. Furthermore, an SMC law under ETS is derived so that the system trajectories can be driven onto the prescribed SMS in finite time. Finally, the effectiveness of the approach in the paper is demonstrated by two simulated examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase change materials (PCMs) have attracted considerable attention as a thermal energy management technology for thermal storage. However, achieving high energy-storing abilities, low leakage rates, and solar absorption abilities simultaneously in PCMs remains greatly challenging. This research proposed a green strategy for preparing sorghum straw-based PCMs. By facile delignification and solvothermal process, delignified sorghum straw (DSS) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from removal lignin are prepared. The obtained PEG@CQDs/DSS possessed considerable reusable stabilities, excellent photo-thermal conversion properties, and thermal energy management capacities due to the delicate micropores and intrinsic noncovalent interactions among components. Especially, the PEG@CQDs-7.5/DSS exhibited superior solar-thermal conversion capabilities (with conducive photo-thermal conversion efficiency ~90.84%), and kept stable after 100 cycles of heating and cooling, in which the melting enthalpy value is ~168.1 J/g (enthalpy efficiency of ~91.11%). In conclusion, the synthesized PCMs showed potential for application in energy-saving and building thermal management. [Display omitted] • CQDs was used to improve photothermal conversion efficiency of composites. • Renewable sorghum straw was used as support materials to fabricate PEG@CQDs/DSS. • PEG@CQDs/DSS exhibited great potential in the field of thermal energy storage. • PEG@CQDs/DSS took advantages of low leakage rates, stability, and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mutual optical intensity propagation of partially coherent light through a beamline is calculated for different aperture sizes and positions. The coherence, intensity and phase distribution can be extracted from the mutual optical intensity. The phase distribution depends on the aperture size and position. The results show that the widest flat phase distribution is obtained at the optimized aperture size and position. The aperture plays a more important role for partially coherent light than for incoherent light. The influence of the aperture size and position on the intensity and spot size at the focal plane is also analyzed. A way to obtain a balance between the flat phase distribution area, spot size and intensity for partially coherent light in the beamline is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study deals with the problem of observer‐based finite‐time H∞ control for a class of one‐sided Lipschitz (OSL) singular systems with uncertainties. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be time‐varying norm‐bounded appearing not only in both the state and output matrices but also in the non‐linear function. With the help of some special derivations and transformation, the sufficient conditions ensuring robust finite‐time boundedness of the closed‐loop system and satisfying the H∞ performance index are given for OSL singular systems in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Based on these, the observer and controller dynamics can be simultaneously involved in the design at one step. Two convex optimisation problems subject to LMIs are formulated to optimise the desired performance indices of interest to us. Finally, two examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• PCMs were fabricated from sorghum straw by melt mixing and vacuum impregnation. • PCMs were shape-stable, reliable, and promising in thermal storage applications. • The processes were low-cost and conducive to energy saving and resource recycling. In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and epoxy resin (EP) were vacuum impregnated into delignified sorghum straw (DSS, with porous and honeycomb-like microstructures) to construct high performance and form-stable phase change composites (SFPCM). Attributing to the steric hindrance and potential H bond, the SFPCM demonstrated favorable form stabilities (a mass loss less than 2% and kept stable after 500 heating/cooling cycles), as well as promising thermal storage capabilities (melting enthalpy of ∼ 98.71 J/g, crystallization enthalpy of ∼ 85.14 J/g, and effective thermal storage conversions rate (γ) of ∼ 81.70%). This research paved a low-cost way for creating bio-based composites for energy management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The MOI (Mutual Optical Intensity) code for propagating partially coherent radiation through beamline optics is updated by including the in‐plane wavevector in the wavefield calculation. The in‐plane wavevector is a local function and accurately describes the average phase distribution in a partially coherent wavefield. The improved MOI code is demonstrated by beam propagation through free space and non‐ideal mirrors. The improved MOI code can provide more accurate results with lower numbers of elements, and thus has a higher calculation efficiency. Knowledge of the in‐plane wavevector also enables detailed studies of wavefield information under different coherence conditions. The improved MOI code is available at http://www.moixray.cn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• For discrete T-S fuzzy descriptor systems with partial unmeasurable premise variables, a nonlinear dynamic programming method is proposed to transform the unmeasurable premise variables into uncertainties in discrete T-S fuzzy descriptor systems. • A new event-triggered mechanism is proposed, which fully considers the delay between the sensor and the controller. • Considering the influence of derivative matrix E on the system design, a sliding mode surface based on measurable premise variables is proposed, and a novel admissibility criteria with dissipative performance is derived for closed-loop systems based on strict LMIs. • A new sliding mode controller is designed under fuzzy environment and event-triggered mechanism. In this paper, the admissibility analysis and dissipative sliding mode control (SMC) based on event-triggered mechanism (ETM) are studied for discrete T-S fuzzy descriptor systems (D-TSFDS). The problem of partial unmeasurable premise variables in D-TSFDS is dealt with by nonlinear dynamic programming. Based on ETM, a sliding mode surface based on measurable premise variables is proposed for the first time. Since the delay between the sensor and the controller in ETM, a Lyapunov-Krasovskii function is used to acquire the sufficient conditions for the closed-loop system to be admissible with dissipative performance. A new SMC law is given to ensure the reachability conation. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saturated aqueous salt solutions have diverse applications in food production, mineral processing, pharmaceuticals, and environmental monitoring. However, the random and disordered arrangement of ions in these solutions poses limitations across different fields. In this study, we employ magnetic fields to regulate the disordered arrangement by a comprehensive methodology combining contact angle measurement, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and molecular dynamics simulations on saturated KCl solutions. Our findings reveal that weak magnetic fields impede the formation of K-Cl contact pairs and disrupt hydrogen bond networks, particularly DDAA and free OH types. However, they facilitate the interaction between water molecules and ions, leading to an increase in the number of K-O and Cl-H contact pairs, along with an expansion in ion hydration radius. These changes affect macroscopic properties, including the interaction with solid substrates and potential solubility increases. Our experimental and simulation results mutually validate each other, contributing to a theoretical framework for studying magnetic field–material interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the problem of output feedback sliding mode control for uncertain discrete-time interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy Markov jump systems (MJSs) with the preview target signal. An augmented error system (AES) including the known preview target signal is derived based on the backward difference method. A sliding mode output controller is designed for the AES, which integrates the known future information. The designed controller guarantees the discrete-time reach condition and maintains the states in a neighborhood region of the predesigned sliding surface. The stability criteria of the sliding motion on a linear sliding surface are given for the considered systems. Finally, two practical examples show that the output of the original system can track the target signal better under the designed preview controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the problem of simultaneous robust normalization and delay-dependent H∞ control for a class of singular time-delay systems with uncertainties. Not only the state and input matrices but also the derivative matrices of the considered systems are assumed to have uncertainties. New sufficient conditions for the existence of a proportional plus derivative state feedback H∞ controller are derived as LMIs such that the closed-loop singular system is normal, stable, and guarantee a specific level of performance. Specially, a static state feedback H∞ controller alone or a state-derivative feedback H∞ controller alone can unite to be dealt with by applying our proposed method. Two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the problem of normalisation and positive real control synthesis for a class of descriptor systems with uncertainties in the derivative matrix. Attention is focused on the design of a proportional plus derivative (PD) state feedback, which guarantees that the closed-loop system is quadratically normal and quadratically stable (QNQS) and the closed-loop transfer function is extended strictly positive real (ESPR). We first present a new linear matrix inequality (LMI) characterisation of positive realness for normal descriptor systems. This new characterisation provides a kind of decoupling among the Lyapunov matrix, the system matrix and the derivative matrix. Based on this, a necessary and sufficient condition for the desired PD controllers is given and a PD controller is constructed by solving LMIs. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate that the proposed method is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper investigates the problem of robust normalization and guaranteed cost control for descriptor systems with uncertainties. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be time-varying norm-bounded appearing not only in both the state and input matrices but also in the derivative matrix. The quadratic performance index is nonstandard, which includes the additional derivative state term. Attention is focused on the proportional plus derivative state feedback controller design based on the linear matrix inequality method, which guarantees the closed-loop system to be normal and quadratically stable with a prescribed upper bound of the cost function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the problem of non-fragile proportional-plus-derivative (PD) state control for a class of uncertain descriptor systems. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be time-varying norm-bounded appearing not only in the state matrix but also in the derivative matrix. A new version of bounded real lemma for descriptor systems is proposed, which guarantees a descriptor system to be normal and stable (NS) with -disturbance rejection. Based on this, we address the problem of designing non-fragile PD state controllers with additive and multiplicative controller uncertainties, respectively. Sufficient conditions are presented to synthesize two classes of such non-fragile controllers in terms of LMIs. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• The admissibility analysis and robustly passive asynchronous static output feedback control for one sided Lipschitz nonlinear singular Markovian jump systems with uncertainties is addressed for the first time. • Sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee that one sided Lipschitz nonlinear singular Markovian jump systems are regular, impulse free, stochastically stable and have a unique solution with passive performance by using implicit function theorem. • The a synchronous SOF controller, which contains two special cases of mode independence and mode dependence, is designed for the considered system via Linear matrix inequalities. The paper investigates admissibility analysis, the existence and uniqueness (EU) of solutions and robustly passive asynchronous static output feedback (SOF) control for one-sided Lipschitz (OSL) nonlinear singular Markovian jump systems (SMJSs) with uncertainties. Sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee that OSL nonlinear SMJSs are regular, impulse-free, stochastically stable and have a unique solution with passive performance by using implicit function theorem. With these conditions, the design of robust asynchronous SOF controller is presented in form of linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints. Finally, an example is given to evaluate the operation of our proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is concerned with the event‐triggered H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ state estimation problem of delayed neural networks. A new event‐triggered scheme is designed based on the estimation error, which makes a balance between the state estimator performance and network communication bandwidth in accordance with practical requirement. An auxiliary function‐type free‐matrix‐based integral inequality is proposed, which can fully link the relationship among time‐varying delay and system states due to additional delay‐product‐type matrices. Based on these condiments, sufficient condition is established to guarantee the estimation error system to be asymptotically stable and satisfies the H∞$$ {H}_{\infty } $$ performance. Meanwhile, the desired event‐triggered estimator gains are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This article is concerned with the problem of the event‐triggered H∞ control for network descriptor systems with time‐delay under a novel adaptive event‐triggering scheme. First, to save more limited communication resource, a novel adaptive event‐triggering scheme is introduced to adaptively adjust the communication threshold. Second, by considering the network‐induced delay, the system's time‐varying delay, and the transmission scheme, a delay system method is used to build a novel time‐varying delay system model. Based on this model and Lyapunov function technology, sufficient stability conditions with the H∞ disturbance performance to verdict admissible and stabilization conditions to codesign the controller gain are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Then, an event‐triggered H∞ controller is proposed to stabilize descriptor systems with time‐delay. Finally, a numerical simulation example and a comparing example are employed to illustrate the effectiveness and the advantageous performances of the proposed adaptive event‐triggering scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper solves the approximation problem of T–S fuzzy linear singular system for a class of nonlinear singular system with impulses. Consider a special nonlinear singular bio-economic system with impulses; the T–S fuzzy linear singular system of the nonlinear singular system has been calculated. The relationship between the impulse of the singular system and the singular induced bifurcation is proved for the first time. For this particular case, it is extended to more generally nonlinear singular system. For a class of nonlinear singular system that is bounded impulse-free item and separable impulse item with singularity-induced bifurcation, we proved that it can be approximated by T–S fuzzy singular system with arbitrary accuracy. Finally, a numerical simulation is carried out to show the consistency with theoretical analysis and illustrate the effectiveness of approximation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the problem of the observer-based event-triggered sliding mode control for uncertain descriptor systems with exogenous disturbance via a new neural-network event-triggering strategy. Firstly, a new neural-network event-triggering communication scheme is proposed in order to decide whether sampled data is to be transmitted for the observer. Secondly, the existence conditions and the stability conditions of the sliding mode dynamics are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities. An adaptive event-triggered sliding mode controller is designed to ensure the retainability to the sliding surface from beginning almost surely. Thirdly, an effective strategy is developed to avoid the Zeno behavior without decomposing the descriptor system, and the positive lower-bound of the inter-execution time intervals is provided. The existing method can not directly get the positive lower-bound. Thus, the parameters used for scaling corresponding inequalities are introduced to solve the problem. Finally, simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and are superior to the existing event triggering strategies in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This paper investigates event‐triggered sliding mode control for descriptor systems subject to networked‐induced delay. For handling disturbance and saving data transmission in networks for descriptor systems, sliding model control and event‐triggered control are combined, whereas how to combine them to design a stable controller is challenging due to the complexity of descriptor systems. Firstly, a new discrete event‐triggered scheme is introduced for deciding whether sampled data is sent out or not for networked‐based descriptor systems. Secondly, integral‐type switching surface and event‐triggered scheme are integrated resulting in a novel time‐delay system. The existence condition of integral‐type switching surface and the stability condition of the sliding mode dynamic are presented. An event‐triggered sliding mode controller is derived for driving the closed‐loop system trajectories to the practical switching surface in finite time. Finally, two examples are employed to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the discrete‐time sliding mode control (SMC) based on event‐triggered approach for discrete‐time singular system. The purpose is to design a SMC law under event‐triggered to ensure that the discrete‐time singular system is admissible. A novel event‐triggered sliding mode surface is constructed, and a sufficient condition, in the form of linear matrix inequality (LMI), is investigated to guarantee the admissibility of the discrete‐time singular system. One can verify this condition by utilising the toolbox YALMIP of MATLAB. In addition, the expected controller gain matrix can be represented by a feasible solution of LMI. Then, based on the above solved sliding mode controller gain, a new discrete‐time event‐triggered SMC law is constructed to ensure that the discrete‐time singular system can be driven onto the sliding surface in finite time and then is maintained there for all subsequent time. Finally, three examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article immerses in the event‐triggered containment control problem for a Lipschitz‐like nonlinear multi‐agent system with multiple active leaders. First, two event‐triggered mechanisms with internal dynamic variables are designed in both sensor‐observer (S‐O) and controller‐actuator (C‐A) channels to monitor data transmission and reduce communication burden. Second, an observer is constructed with the aid of the output information to estimate the states that cannot be acquired directly. Then, a control protocol considering time‐varying communications delays is proposed based on the observer. Third, the boundedness analysis of the containment error system is constructed by Lyapunov stability theory, the sufficient conditions are given in light of strict feasible LMIs. Finally, the validity of the proposed controller is verified by two simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of decentralized impulse controllability/observability for large-scale interconnected descriptor systems with two subsystems by derivative feedback is studied. Necessary conditions for the existence of a derivative feedback controller for the first subsystem of the large-scale interconnected descriptor systems ensuring the second subsystem to be impulse controllable and impulse observable are derived, respectively. Based on the results, a derivative feedback controller for the first subsystem of the large-scale interconnected descriptor systems is constructed easily such that the second subsystem is impulse controllable or impulse observable. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results obtained in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the event‐triggered sliding mode control problem for uncertain networked switched systems with the external nonlinear disturbance. First, to reduce the utilization of the network bandwidth, a novel mode‐dependent continuous‐time event‐triggering scheme (ETS) including the state triggering error is proposed. A switching‐dependent auxiliary function called the triggering sliding mode function is constructed, which prevents the controller from using the extra information (the continuous state). Then, a novel switching‐dependent integral‐type switching function that depends on the states of the switching instants and includes an exponential term is proposed. Obtaining the boundary of the sliding mode region benefits from the exponential term for continuous‐time systems. Then, an event‐triggered sliding mode controller is designed, which makes the networked switched systems practical stability, and attains the sliding region around the specified sliding surface. When the constant threshold of the triggering scheme is zero, the system state can converge to zero as time goes to infinity. Moreover, it is proved that the Zeno behavior can be avoided under the proposed continuous‐time ETS. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by a switched Chua's circuit system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regulating the charge-related properties in materials is highly valuable in the field of electronic devices. Charge transfer doping received significant attention as an efficient method of modulation. Graphene oxide (GO) is often used for regulation due to its abundance of oxygen-containing groups. However, the conventional operations to perform charge transfer doping for GO are complex, expensive and environmentally unfriendly. Here, we propose a charge transfer doping strategy by simply mixing GO suspension with 5 mg/ml 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane (F 4 TCNQ), together with ultrasonic treatment. Notably, the F 4 TCNQ-GO flexible photodetector exhibits outstanding responsivity (R) of up to 1.57 × 103 A/W in the 650 nm regime, surpassing most of the GO/graphene-based photodetectors reported in the past decade. Moreover, the photodetector successfully realizes in-sensor computing for complex pattern imaging, enabling clear and efficient multi-directional edge extraction. Experiments employing X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD), Raman spectra, Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectra and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveal the stable non-covalent binding between GO and F 4 TCNQ through π-π interactions, as well as the electron transfer from GO to the F 4 TCNQ molecule, resulting in the formation of electron accumulation and depletion layers on the F 4 TCNQ molecule and GO, respectively. This finding holds great potential for regulating the electronic properties of a wide range of π-electron-rich two-dimensional materials in the fields of energy, biomedicine, environmental technology, and materials science. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the problem of the stochastic admissibility for singular Markovian jump systems with time-varying delay. By introducing two exponential parameters, a new version of reciprocally convex inequality named exponential type reciprocally convex inequality is proposed, which covers some existing results as its special cases. Based on the second-order B-L inequality, a novel delay-product-type functional is proposed to fully capture the information among system states and time-varying delay. Based on the two improved techniques, a less conservative admissibility condition is obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Two examples are introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mutual optical intensity (MOI) model is extended to the simulation of the interference pattern produced by extreme ultraviolet lithography with partially coherent light. The partially coherent X‐ray propagation through the BL08U1B beamline at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility is analysed using the MOI model and SRW (Synchrotron Radiation Workshop) method. The fringe intensity at the exposure area is not uniform but has similar envelope lines to Fresnel diffraction, which is explained by the diffraction from the finite grating modelled as a single aperture. By balancing the slit size and photon stop size, the fringe visibility, photon flux and intensity slope can be optimized. Further analysis shows that the effect of pink light on the aerial images is negligible, whereas the third‐harmonic light should be considered to obtain a balance between high fringe visibility and high flux. Two grating interference exposure experiments were performed in the BL08U1B beamline. The aerial image depth showed that the polymethyl methacrylate photoresist depth was determined by the X‐ray coherence properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This article investigates the problem of event‐triggered control for network descriptor systems with randomly occurring uncertainties and nonlinearities. First, a novel adaptive event‐triggered scheme (AETC) is introduced to save more limited network resource. Second, by considering the network‐induced delay, randomly occurring uncertainties and nonlinearities, and the adaptive transmission scheme, a delay system method is used to build a novel time‐varying delay system model. Based on this model and Lyapunov function technology, sufficient stability conditions to verdict admissible and stabilization conditions to codesign the controller gain and the weighting matrix of the adaptive transmission scheme are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical simulation example and a comparing example are employed to illustrate the effectiveness and the advantageous performances of the proposed AETC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A PDRCMI is constructed, which covers the existing ones without adding extra variables. • The system decomposition approach is employed to decompose SMJSs with mode-dependent derivative coefficient into differential equations and algebraic ones, and state vectors of the systems are divided into two parts. To reduce redundant decision variables, each part of the state vectors is considered independently to construct a special augmented LKF. • Sate feedback controllers-based on slow subsystem state is solved. This paper is concerned with the problems of stochastic stability and control design for singular Markovian jump systems (SMJSs) with time varying delay. The derivative coefficient is considered to be mode dependent. A parameter-dependent reciprocally convex matrix inequality (PDRCMI) is constructed, which covers some existing ones as its special cases. Different from some existing ones, the introduced parameters are completely known, which can be optimized by an iteration algorithm. To decrease the redundant decision variables, a mild assumption is given for the case of mode-dependent coefficient such that the considered system is decomposed into differential equations and algebraic ones. In this case, the components of state vectors of the subsystem are applied to construct a new augmented Lyapunov-Krasovkii functional (LKF). Based on the PDRCI and the new augmented LKF, a novel stochastic stability condition with both less computational demands and less conservativeness is derived. Based on the decomposed subsystems and the stability condition, a set of state feedback controller is designed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Some numerical examples are introduced to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the proportional plus derivative state feedback (PDSF) control problem for continuous-time nonlinear descriptor systems described by Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy models with distinct fuzzy rules appearing in both sides of the considered system. Without using any additional transformations, some new conditions are developed by means of the free-weighting matrix technique and presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities to ensure that the resultant closed-loop system is normal and stable. Explicit expression of the desired PDSF controller is also given. Furthermore, the obtained result is extended to a class of uncertain nonlinear descriptor systems with norm-bounded perturbations. Finally, three examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the dissipative control problem for a class of nonlinear descriptor systems. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions are derived, which guarantee that the underlying systems are strictly dissipative. Then, the design method for a state feedback controller is provided. All the conditions can be expressed via linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is presented to demonstrate the validity of the proposed methods. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: In this paper, an filtering problem is considered for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with time-delay and exogenous disturbances. Sufficient conditions for stochastic input-to-state stability (SISS) of the stochastic nonlinear systems are developed via Lyapunov function method and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique. The purpose of this work is to design a nonlinear filter to ensure both the SISS and a prescribed attenuation level for the corresponding filtering error system. By using the SISS results, a set of sufficient conditions for the existence of filter is given in the form of LMI. When the LMI is feasible, an explicit expression of a desired filter is presented. Finally, some numerical and practical examples are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Conductive hydrogels have drawn tremendous attention in the field of artificial intelligence, health monitoring, and soft robotics. However, combining hydrogels with conductivity, self-adhesiveness, low-temperature tolerance, biocompatibility, and biodegradability in green and low-cost ways remains a great challenge. Hence, the conductive MXene nanosheets were introduced into gluten networks by simple cooking inspired processes and solvents exchanged with glycerol/water binary solution to fabricate conductive organohydrogels (GMOH x). The GMOH x were conductive (5 ×10−4 S/m), flexible, adhesive to various surfaces (a max lap-shear strength of ~ 45.9 KPa), low-temperature tolerant (conductive and flexible under −20 °C), biocompatible, and easily degradable (degraded in neutral proteinase dispersion within 2 days), which can be applied as epidermal strain sensors to detect both large (e.g., elbow, wrist, and knee bending) and subtle (e.g., swallowing) scale human motions with accurate and long-term stable signals even under sub-zero temperatures. MXene nanosheets were introduced into gluten networks inspiring by traditional, simple, and low-cost cooking processes to fabricate flexible, conductive, adhesive, low-temperature tolerant, biocompatible, and degradable organohydrogels, which were applied as high-performance epidermal strain sensors even under sub-zero temperatures. [Display omitted] • MXene are introduced into gluten networks to fabricate conductive organohydrogels (GMOH x). • The GMOH x integrate the flexibility, adhesiveness, low-temperature tolerance, moisture retention, self-recovery. • The GMOH x are applied as strain sensors to detect human motions even under sub-zero temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]