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Objectives Hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin ( HPFH) and (δβ)0-thalassaemia are conditions caused by large deletions that involve δ- and β-globin genes in the β-globin cluster, and they are characterized by increased haemoglobin (HbF) levels in adults. Significant phenotypic diversity is observed between the different mutations that cause these conditions. Molecular characterization of these deletions is important for accurate molecular diagnosis, and they will also provide the information on the cis-acting genetic regulatory elements present in the β-globin cluster. Methods We performed gap- PCR, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ( MLPA), quantitative fluorescent multiplex PCR ( QF- MPCR) and DNA sequencing to detect and characterize the deletions in the β-globin cluster. Results We characterized six different deletions resulting in (δβ)0-thalassaemia or HPFH in 51 unrelated families. Conclusion With the help of multiple genetic tools, we performed comprehensive genetic analysis of HPFH and (δβ)0-thalassaemia in Indian population and could define the molecular basis of these conditions in this population. We also identified two novel HPFH mutations, 49.98 kb ( HPFH-9) and 86.7 kb ( HPFH-10) deletions, in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, which play an important role in various cellular and developmental processes. The study of miRNAs in erythropoiesis is crucial to uncover the cellular pathways that are modulated during the different stages of erythroid differentiation. Using erythroid cells derived from human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs)and small RNA sequencing, our study unravels the various miRNAs involved in critical cellular pathways in erythroid maturation. We analyzed the occupancy of erythroid transcription factors and chromatin accessibility in the promoter and enhancer regions of the differentially expressed miRNAs to integrate miRNAs in the transcriptional circuitry of erythropoiesis. Analysis of the targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs revealed novel pathways in erythroid differentiation. Finally, we described the application of Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas9 (CRISPR-Cas9) based editing of miRNAs to study their function in human erythropoiesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]