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Electrospinning is a cost-effective but very intricate method of producing polymeric nanofibers at room temperature. Unfortunately however, it is extremely difficult to predict the diameter or other properties of the fibers produced via electrospinning a prior. In this paper, we present a new approach to simulate fiber formation during electrospinning. Our work builds on the mathematical framework that was originally developed by Reneker and Yarin in 2000. Our approach incorporates the 3D electrostatic field that surrounds the fiber in a Lagrangian discrete particle tracking algorithm that tracks the trajectory of the fiber in air and predicts its deposition velocity and diameter. We investigate the effects of electrostatic field spatial variation on fiber electrospinning and compare our results with those obtained using a constant electrostatic field, the traditional approach, and with experiments (conducted using polyurethane). We considered three different electrospinning configurations of single-needle-plate-collector, single-needle-drum-collector, and two-needles-drum-collector to investigate how different electrostatic fields impact fiber formation. The computational model developed in this work helps to advance the current state of the art in modeling the electrospinning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål.), poses a significant threat to rice cultivation, acting as a key pest. The emergence of resistance to various insecticide classes has emerged as a prominent challenge, significantly hindering the effective management of N. lugens. Triflumezopyrim, a novel mesoionic chemistry insecticide, has recently been introduced in India for controlling N. lugens. Establishing the baseline susceptibility and monitoring its effectiveness throughout the life cycle of the molecule are crucial aspects for a newly commercialized insecticide like triflumezopyrim. In this study, the baseline toxicity of triflumezopyrim against brown planthopper populations from nine hotspot locations in three southern states of India was evaluated using the rice seedling dip method. The LC50 values varied between 0.123 and 0.268 mg/L, showing a 2.18-fold variation. This information holds significance in monitoring potential changes in N. lugens susceptibility to triflumezopyrim in the future, thereby assisting in the formulation of effective management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current paper, we define some subclasses of holomorphic functions in the open disk u that are defined by the differential operator. These subclasses are defined in the open disk u. We make some estimates for the bounds of the Fekete-Szego inequality as well as the coefficients | a2 | and | a3 | for functions that belong to these subclasses. Also, some of the results of these subclasses have been generalized, particularly those that involve the majorization and quasi-subordination concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) MXenes, having comparable transport properties like graphene and a wide spectrum application, are often limited to being used in optoelectronics due to metallic bandgap. Here, by employing density functional theory we report the bandgap engineering and tuning optoelectronic properties through modulating the anions of novel 2D spinel Hf3X2O2 (X = N, P and As) MXenes structures and show that the material class can be among the few semiconducting MXenes. Phonon spectra and cohesive energies confirm that these structures are dynamically stable and chemically exothermic. Modulating anions X = N, P, and As in Hf3X2O2, the electronic bandgaps are found ∼0.46 eV for N, metallic for P, and ∼48 meV for As atoms, suggesting the semiconducting, metallic, and semi-metallic MXenes. The biaxial strains are incorporated to tune the features: In the Hf3N2O2 structure, the bandgap is increased with both compressive and tensile strains, while for the Hf3As2O2 structure, the gap decreased at the GGA-PBE level. For Hf3P2O2 structures, the bandgaps are all metallic irrespective of pristine or biaxial strain. Spin–orbit coupling SOC+GGA reveals that Hf3N2O2 is highly spin responsive while Hf3As2O2 shows semi-metal-to-metallic bandgap transition for pristine as well as biaxial strained conditions. From optical properties analysis, optical absorptions are found located in the visible spectral regions that are also highly receptive to biaxial strains. These properties we have unleashed for the novel Hf3X2O2 (X = N, P, As) semiconducting MXene, thus, show the potentiality of the utilization of the material class in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is a major health problem worldwide that hinders normal life. Diabetes is a leading cause of death with high prevalence across the globe. Many drugs are used for the management of type 2 diabetes, unfortunately with some side effects including abdominal pain, kidney, liver, heart complications, and most commonly life-threatening hypoglycemia. Furthermore, these medications mitigate hyperglycemia symptoms and do not address the root cause, which is lipid accumulation in the pancreas, liver, and muscles. Therefore, there is a need for a safe natural product that manages diabetes and reduces obesity with fewer side effects. Shilajit, which is an exudate from many rock layers of mountains, especially the Himalayas, is made up of plant and microbial metabolites, including a mixture of organic humus, humic acid, fulvic acid, and minerals. It was used for many ailments in old traditional medicine and in current human and animal studies, in which its safety and fewer side effects were affirmed. Shilajit has anti-diabetic properties that include anti-hyperglycemia, antiobesity, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, increased metabolism, and important minerals. Anti-hyperglycemia of shilajit could be due to decreasing oxidative stress, decreasing inflammation, and increasing metabolism that leads to the burning of fat and decreasing obesity; all of these are implicated in insulin resistance and diabetes. Other uses of Shilajit include treatment of cancer, allergy, and increased immunity. More clinical studies are required to explore the mechanisms and benefits of Shilajit, as recent research is promising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common acute vasculitis of childhood that may lead to coronary artery abnormalities in about 25% of patients if left untreated. KD is reported as the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children replacing rheumatic feverin developed countries. Strong epidemiological data are not available from developing countries, but it is increasingly recognized in rapidly industrializing countries of Asia including India, where it might has replaced rheumatic heart disease as the most common cause of acquired heart disease. This increasing recognition could be due to actual rise in number of KD cases or due to more diagnosis following increased awareness. The status of KD in Bangladesh is not known. But unpublished data from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) show a sustained and significant increase in the number of KD cases over the years. The reasons for this increase may be similar to our neighbouring country India. Aetiology of KD still remains unknown. But there have been many hypotheses including infection, immune dysregulation, superantigen and genetic factors. The diagnosis of KD is based on the presence of e" 5 days of fever and the presence of e"4 of the 5 principal clinical features (1.Extremity Changes, 2. Conjunctival injection, 3.Oral changes 4.Exanthem/Rash, and 5. Lymphadenopathy). The diagnosis of KD may be very challenging for even a very experienced paediatrician. It must be considered in a child with prolonged fever, undue irritability and sequential appearance of principal clinical features. KD patients should be managed timely with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and aspirin in proper dose. It is to be remembered that KD is no longer considered as a onetime disease of childhood, as it can be associated with significant long term sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluid flows under a p-Laplacian operator formulation have been considered recently in connection with the modeling of non-Newtonian fluid processes. To a certain extent, the main reason behind the interest in p-Laplacian operators is the possibility of determining experimental values for the constant p appearing in them. The goal of the present study is to introduce the analysis of solutions of a one-dimensional porous media flow arising in magnetohydrodynamics with generalized initial data under a Lebesgue integrability condition. We present a weak formulation of this problem, and we consider boundedness and uniqueness properties of solutions and also its asymptotic relation with the standard parabolic p-Laplacian equation. Then, we explore solutions arising from classical symmetries (including an explicit kink solution in the p = 3 case) along with asymptotic stationary and non-stationary solutions. The search for stationary solutions is based on a Hamiltonian approach. Finally, non-stationary solutions are obtained by using an exponential scaling resulting in a Hamilton–Jacobi type of equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on creativity have bloomed in the past decade. However, little is known about the effective connectivity (EC) between default-mode network (DMN) regions after creativity stimulation. This study aimed to measure the brain connectivity induced by creativity stimulation and to relate it with creativity score. A total of 50 participants were recruited and assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental participants underwent a two-day creativity stimulation session. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were performed on all participants after the session. The rs-fMRI data were analysed using statistical parametric mapping and spectral dynamic causal modelling. A fully connected model comprising angular gyrus (AG), medial pre-frontal cortex (mPFC) and pre-cuneus (PCU) as regions-of-interest (ROIs) was fitted for every participant's data. The model underwent Bayesian parameter averaging to determine the average strength of connection between ROIs. There was a significant increase in creativity score for the experimental group in the aspect of fluency (p=0.018) and flexibility (p=0.048) except in originality (p>0.05). No difference in brain activation was observed between groups. All the EC between ROIs in the left and right hemisphere for both groups were significant (P>0.9). Symmetrical EC networks for the experimental group were observed with left hemisphere PCU→PCU, PCU→mPFC and AG→PCU connections which were more significant in the experimental group. These findings suggested that creativity stimulation as short as two days was able to evoke changes in creativity score and network connectivity but insufficient to cause convincing differences in the brain activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dengue is an endemic RNA viral infection in Bangladesh. It can affect different organ systems, acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of them. The study aimed to detect the prevalence and predictors of dengue-associated acute kidney injury (DAKI) and in-hospital outcome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from July to September 2023 at the peak of dengue outbreak in the Department of Medicine in Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 203 confirmed cases of dengue aged > 12 years were finally included in the study. Results: The prevalence of DAKI was 7.9%. The mean age of DAKI cases was higher than the non-AKI cases (p-value 0.008). AKI was significantly associated with DHF (43.8% vs 17.6%), higher HCT, higher neutrophil count and lower lymphocytes. In multivariate analyses age more than 60 years, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and multiple organ dysfunction (MODS) were the independent predictors of DAKI. AKI itself was the independent predictor of hospital stay for more than three days (OR 4.67; 95% CI 1.29-16.92). There was no mortality in the study participants. All were discharged home with resolved AKI. Conclusion: Age more than 60 years, DHF and MODS are the independent risk factors of DAKI. Future studies are required to find out the risk factors for early diagnosis and prompt management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In the research work, a novel and recoverable nanomagnetic pallidum catalyst [Fe3O4-Bis(Py-Imine)-PdCl2 ] based on the immobilization of Pd on the surface of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified with picolylamine as ligand was designed and fabricated. The structure of the as-fabricated Fe3O4-Bis(Py-Imine)-PdCl2 nanocatalyst was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, EDX, ICP-OES, TGA, VSM, XRD and EDX mapping techniques. The Fe3O4-Bis(Py-Imine)-PdCl2 nanocomposite demonstrated the high activity in the preparation of diaryl ketones through one-pot three-component Suzuki reactions of phenylboronic acids with aryl iodides and Mo(CO)6. The recycling of the Fe3O4-Bis(Py-Imine)-PdCl2 catalyst was examined in the coupling of phenylboronic acid with 4-methyl iodobenzene and Mo(CO)6; the results revealed that this catalyst could be reused for more than 6 consecutive runs without a loss of activity. This method offers several remarkable features, such as high yield of products, simplicity of separation of products from catalysts, performing reactions in green solvent and mild conditions, ability to recycle and reusing the catalyst without significant reduction in its catalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phospholipase A and acyltransferase (PLAAT) family is composed of three isoforms in mice (PLAAT1, 3, and 5), all of which function as phospholipid‐metabolizing enzymes exhibiting phospholipase A1/A2 and acyltransferase activities. Plaat3‐deficient (Plaat3−/−) mice were previously reported to show lean phenotype and remarkable hepatic fat accumulation under high‐fat diet (HFD) feeding, while Plaat1−/− mice have not been analyzed. In the present study, we generated Plaat1−/− mice and investigated the effects of PLAAT1 deficiency on HFD‐induced obesity, hepatic lipid accumulation, and insulin resistance. After HFD treatment, PLAAT1 deficiency caused a lower body weight gain compared to wild‐type mice. Plaat1−/− mice also showed reduced liver weight with negligible hepatic lipid accumulation. In accordance with these findings, PLAAT1 deficiency improved HFD‐induced hepatic dysfunction and lipid metabolism disorders. Lipidomics analysis in the liver revealed that in Plaat1−/− mice, the levels of various glycerophospholipids tended to increase, while all classes of lysophospholipids examined tended to decrease, suggesting that PLAAT1 functions as phospholipase A1/A2 in the liver. Interestingly, the HFD treatment of wild‐type mice significantly increased the mRNA level of PLAAT1 in the liver. Furthermore, the deficiency did not appear to elevate the risk of insulin resistance in contrast to PLAAT3 deficiency. These results suggested that the suppression of PLAAT1 improves HFD‐induced overweight and concomitant hepatic lipid accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, waste stream essential oil such as orange oil is used as a diesel fuel partial replacement to be tested in a diesel engine. Like diesel fuel, orange oil does not contain any oxygen since it is constituted of limonene (a colourless liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon) and has almost similar density. A 6-cylinder diesel engine is operated using various blends of orange and diesel fuel. The engine was operated with three different fuel blends: neat diesel, 74% diesel + 26% orange oil (D74O26) and 59% diesel + 41% orange oil (D59O41). All the orange oil blends produced nearly the same brake power from the engine experiment compared to neat diesel fuel. Furthermore, all orange oil blends emit less particulate matter, and the 'count mean diameter' of the emitted particles is also lower than base diesel. Based on the obtained results, these blends can be suggested to be used in a diesel engine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chondroid hamartoma is the most common benign tumor of lung, which account 8% of pulmonary neoplasm. Most often they are seen peripherally in the lung parenchyma. But very rarely it can originate endo-bronchially and present as collapse of lung or lobe. To be precise less than 10% cases was reported to be found. Here we mention a case of endobronchial chondroid hamartoma in a 63 years old gentleman presented as right middle lobe collapse and was diagnosed after repeated attempts of bronchoscopic biopsy or trans-thoracic fine needle aspiration. The tumor was removed by bronchoscopic cryo-debulking of the mass almost completely instead of thoracotomy resection or APC laser ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most effective way to reduce internal combustion engine emissions is to use a sustainable alternative fuel that contains oxygen molecules. Alternative fuels may be used to address a future global energy crisis. Different oxygenated alternative fuels have been investigated in internal combustion engines. Polyoxymethylene di-methylene ether (PODE), which contains 3–5 CH2O groups, is currently superior in the field of oxygenated fuels due to its physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, using PODE as a fuel does not necessitate any significant engine modifications. When compared to standard diesel fuel, the use of PODE results in near stoichiometric combustion with less hazardous exhaust gas. It also significantly reduces NOx emissions due to the lack of C-to-C bonds. Several articles in the literature were found on the manufacturing and application processes for the production of PODE. However, the current review focuses primarily on simplifying the various production technologies, the physical and chemical properties of PODEn and its advantages and disadvantages in ICEs, PODEn application in internal combustion engines and its characteristics, PODE spray analysis, and measurements of the fuel's physical and chemical characteristics. This review emphasizes the fact that PODE can be used as a sole fuel or in conjunction with fossil fuels and advanced combustion technologies. Because C-C bonds and higher oxygen molecules are not available, the trade-off relationship between nitrogen oxides and soot production is avoided when PODEn is used as a fuel, and combustion efficiency is significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge and proper safety analyses of the gas coolant and heat transport mechanism in the dynamic core of packed pebble bed nuclear reactors pose challenges to the reliable design and efficient operation of these reactors. Therefore, this paper carefully reviews most of the gas coolant mixing and heat transport studies performed for the fluid flow and heat transfer processes in packed pebble bed reactors (PBRs). It begins with a brief introduction and description of nuclear PBRs. The second section summarizes the physical characteristics of packed bed reactors in terms of the bed structure (porosity) and its radial and axial distributions. The next section examines in detail the characteristics of fluid flow in terms of flow regime identification and pressure drop measurements and correlations. The fourth section considers the investigations and quantifications of the gas dispersion and mixing phenomena of packed bed reactors. The next section deals with the current state of the heat transfer characteristics, measurements, and predictions including both empirical correlations and semiempirical model-based studies. Tables summarize the reported experimental studies along with their operating condition ranges. Comprehensive comparisons with the empirical correlations and available models are presented with significant findings. The content and findings of the present work could provide a thorough understanding and useful information and advance knowledge of the pressure drop, gas coolant mixing, and convective heat transport phenomena in packed pebble bed nuclear reactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we use the use the linear operator Ⳅ,σ x(u, v, y)f(z) and the concept of the subordination to analyse the general class of all analytic univalent functions. Our main results are implication properties between the classes of such functions and the application of these properties to special cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pericardial cysts are rare benign intrathoracic lesions, and calcified pericardial cysts are even more uncommon. Most pericardial cysts are asymptomatic, but patients may present with chest pain, dyspnea and any complications of pericardial effusion. We present a case of a left-sided calcified pericardial cyst, highlighting its rarity and symptoms in relation to its location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plain carbon steels of five different carbon contents up to eutectoid composition have been provided with the conventional full annealing treatment. Qualitative and quantitative studies of the microstructure are carried out using optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques. Even under similar cooling rate pertaining to the full annealing treatment (furnace cooling); microstructural modifications of individual microconstituents are feasible with varying chemistry (carbon content) of plain carbon steel. The refinement of microstructure for both proeutectoid α‐ferrite and pearlite is found to be accentuated with increasing carbon content of annealed steels till eutectoid composition. Hall‐Petch type relationship explains adequately the relationship between hardness and the size of the microconstituent both in terms of the grain size of proeutectoid α‐ferrite and the interlamellar spacing of pearlite. Henceforth an empirical relationship is developed for the first time taking into account the rule of mixture to correlate overall hardness, carbon content, grain size of proeutectoid α‐ferrite and interlamellar spacing of pearlite. The empirical relationship originated thereby is found to closely match the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the main goal is to develop and apply a robust adaptive fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) models to predict the mass transfer during osmotically treated zucchini samples as a heat-sensitive product. Maltose, fructose, lactose, and fructo-oligosaccharide (FoS), as osmotic agents at various concentrations and at constant temperature, were applied. In this study, the investigated concentrations were 30%, 40%, and 50% and the temperature was at 26 °C. Three performance outputs were considered: Dimensionless Moisture Content (DMC), Water Loss (WL), and Solid Gain (SG). Using the dataset obtained from the experiments, both ANFIS and ANOVA models were proposed to describe osmotic dehydration behavior. The inputs to the models are the time (min), the concentrations (%) and the osmotic agents. During the training and testing phases, the ANFIS showed significant modeling performances relative to the ANOVA in terms of the coefficient-of-determination (R2) and the RMSE values. In particular, for the whole dataset, the RMSE values are improved using ANFIS compared to the ANOVA where they are decreased by 99.03%, 93.5% and 79.08%, for the DMC, SG and WL, respectively. On the other hand, the coefficient-of-determination showed significant increases for the ANFIS models over the ANOVA models for both training and testing phases. The comparison between the two modeling techniques revealed that the ANFIS is found more suitable for predicting all three performance outputs during the Osmotic Dehydration (OD) process of the zucchini food product. The results showed that the maltose, as an osmotic agent, with a concentration of 30% is the most suitable solution among the four osmotic agents that produced the best performance for the three performance outputs. In sum, the obtained results demonstrated the superiority of ANFIS modeling of the DMC, SG, and WL in comparison with ANOVA. Accordingly, the prediction from the ANFIS model has an excellent agreement with the experimental dataset. This confirms the accuracy of the ANFIS model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using convolution (or Hadamard product), we define the El-Ashwah and Drbuk linear operator, which is a multivalent function in the unit disk U = w : w < 1   and   w ∈ ₵ , and satisfy its specific relationship to derive the subordination, superordination, and sandwich results for this operator by using properties of subordination and superordination concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Percutaneous thermal ablation is now a well-established minimally invasive treatment option for individuals with early-stage NSCLC who are unfit for, or decline, surgery. • Data comparing thermal ablation techniques involves relatively small patient numbers and compares heterogeneous populations. At present, the choice of thermal ablation modality is best determined by tumour location and local expertise. • Overall survival in patients with early-stage NSCLC treated with thermal ablation has been shown to be comparable to SBRT in several large series. • Thermal ablation may be of value in conjunction with systemic therapy in advanced-stage NSCLC and may be of benefit in the oligometastatic and oligoprogressive setting. Thermal ablation techniques have now been used for more than twenty years in the treatment of primary lung tumours, predominantly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although primarily used for the treatment of early-stage disease in non-surgical patients, thermal ablation is now also being used in selected patients with oligometastatic and oligoprogressive disease. This review discusses the techniques available for thermal ablation, the evidence for use of thermal ablation in primary lung tumours in early- and advanced-stage disease and compares thermal ablation to alternative treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Acute kidney injury frequently occurs secondary to diuretics, intravenous radio contrast agents, paracentesis, gastrointestinal bleeding or infection and the development of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) secondary to the progression of Liver Cirrhosis and elevation of portal pressure is not uncommon in the patients with Liver Cirrhosis. In several studies of AKI in such patients, those with serum Creatinine (Cr) levels of more than 1.3 to 1.5mg/mL have a poor prognosis. In early stages of HRS its possible to recover or delay deterioration of renal function with aggressive treatment. Though Serum Creatinine is most widely used for measurement of GFR in clinical practice, it is greatly influenced by non renal factors, such as muscle atrophy and protein intake, especially in patients with Liver Cirrhosis. This study focusses on such scenarios where Cystatin C as a Novel Biomarker is superior to serum creatinine in predicting the incidence of Hepatorenal Syndrome in liver cirrhosis patients. Material and Methods: This is a Descriptive study was included about 100 patients diagnosed with Liver Cirrhosis in the Department of General Medicine at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute from July 2021 to December 2022. Detailed history, detailed clinical examination, complete blood count, liver function test, serum Cystatin C, Serum Urea, Creatinine, USG Abdomen, CT Abdomen if necessary, Endoscopy, Portal Venous Doppler. Results: Most of the patients in this study belong to the age group between 41 to 50 years (29 out of 100 patients). Patients belonging to age group between 31-40 are equally high. In this study, Males were more commonly affected when compared to female patients (88% were males & 12 % female patients.). Out of the 100 patients in the study population, 24 patients developed Hepatorenal syndrome (19 belonged to Type 1 HRS & 5 belonged to type 2 HRS). The Novel Biomarker Serum Cystatin C was Elevated in 92 % of the patients and was in the high normal limit in the remaining. On the other hand almost 97 % of patients had Normal serum Creatinine levels when it was done initially, only 3 % had raised Creatinine level. 24 patients had increased Serum Creatinine levels only when followed up. Comparison between Cystatin C and Serum Creatinine in HRS patients showed a statistical significant P Value of < 0.001. The Sensitivity of Cystatin was 92 % and specificity was 80% in the Hepatorenal Syndrome Patients. Conclusion: Serum Cystatin C as a novel biomarker is a good predictor of Hepatorenal Syndrome (in early stages) in Liver Cirrhosis patients. It is superior to serum Creatinine in prediciting renal injury earlier in Liver Cirrhosis patients than serum Creatinine which varies with age, sex and with body mass etc. This study shows Cystatin C is more specific and sensitive marker of renal function in Liver Cirrhosis patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pericardial cysts are rare benign intrathoracic lesions, and calcified pericardial cysts are even more uncommon. Most pericardial cysts are asymptomatic, but patients may present with chest pain, dyspnea and any complications of pericardial effusion. We present a case of a left-sided calcified pericardial cyst, highlighting its rarity and symptoms in relation to its location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We obtain the coefficient estimates, extreme points, distortion and growth boundaries, radii of starlikeness, convexity, and close-to-convexity, according to the main purpose of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disease that principally affects preterm infants. It is recognized as the leading cause of preventable blindness and visual impairment in the pediatric population. An increase in survival of very young preterm infants due to the advances in neonatology has subjected them to the risk of developing ROP. Aims & Objectives: To find out the frequency and problems associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in premature babies. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital from July 2016-December 2016. A total of 73 preterm neonates with gestational age less than 35 weeks and weighing less than 2000 grams at birth, being born or admitted at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital were included in the study. After purposive sampling who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria and screened for ROP at 4 weeks after birth. The data analysis was done to find out the prevalence and problems associated with ROP of premature babies. Result: A total of 73 neonates were screened. The prevalence of ROP was found to be 54% (n=40); of which 35% were in stage 1 and 35% were in stage 2 and the majority were in zone 3 (50%). The prevalence of ROP between 28-30 weeks of gestation was 75% (n=12) and between 31-34 weeks was 49.12% (n=28). 50% (20) neonates with birth weights less than 1500 grams were found to develop ROP. The prevalence of post-natal problems that predispose to ROP was oxygen therapy, apnea, blood transfusion, and sepsis, and the P-value was significant. Out of ROP-positive cases, 16(40%) need laser photocoagulation. Conclusion: The prevalence of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)in premature babies is high below 30 weeks of gestational age and birth weight less than 1500 gm. Problems significantly associated with ROP were oxygen therapy, apnea, blood transfusion, and sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vaccines are considered the most promising approach for restraining the COVID- 19 pandemic. We aimed to identify the disease profile and risk of severe disease despite vaccination. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from June 2021 to August 2021 in the COVID-19 dedicated hospitals in Dhaka. Total 169 RT-PCR positive adult patients were enrolled by a purposive sampling method who had completed two vaccine doses of COVID-19. Disease profile and severity was identified according to the national guideline of Bangladesh. Results: Of the 169 patients, 19 (11%) had severe diseases. The mean age of the study participants was 50.46 (±14.03) year. The mean age of severely diseased patients was higher than that of non-severe disease 62.63 (±8.27) vs 48.91 (±13.86), p-value <0.0001. The overall mortality was 8 (4.7%). In univariate analyses, being elderly (e"60years) (cOR 6.14, 95% CI 2.09-18.03; p-value <0.0001) and male (cOR 5.06, 95% CI 1.13-2274; p-value <0.02 and having DM (cOR 32.94, 95% CI 4.28-253.69; p-value <0.0001, HTN (cOR 2.91, 95% CI 1.05-8.07; pvalue < 0.034, OAD (cOR 3.47, 95% CI 1.09-11.07; p-value < 0.044, IHD (cOR 7.54, 95% CI 2.67-21.31; p-value <0.0001, and CKD (cOR 26.43, 95% CI 4.69-148.92; p-value <0.0001were identified as factors related to severe disease of COVID-19. In multivariate analyses, DM (aOR 13.9, 95% CI 1.5-130.1; p-value <0.021, OAD (aOR 7.9, 95% CI 1.2-50.1; p-value <0.03, IHD (aOR 7.4, 95% CI 1.6-34.4; p-value < 0.011, and CKD (aOR 41.9, 95% CI 2.6-667.4; p-value < 0.008 were independently associated with severe disease. Conclusion: Vaccines against COVID-19 are showing a significant decrease in severity disease. Control of chronic diseases, exposure prevention and mass vaccination should be the main concern to mitigate the severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Unlike subcutaneous lipomas, thoracic cavity lipomas are extremely rare and can develop to be quite large without causing any symptoms. However, managing massive lipoma that involves both chest cavities is usually challenging, especially when considering the approach for excision.Case: We report our experience of surgical management of a case of a 46-year-old male with huge intrathoracic lipoma that extends bilaterally and is known to be the largest of such kind. The tumor was resected successfully using median sternotomy. Histological analysis confirmed features of lipoma.Conclusion: To remove a bilateral intrathoracic lipoma, various surgical approaches have been documented. In our experience, a median sternotomy allows better exposure, which aids in complete surgical extirpation resulting in the prevention of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of in-ovo injection with vitamin E and selenium during the incubation and post-hatching period. 360 fertilized eggs of Ross 308 broiler breeders were incubated, then distributed on 10th day into three groups (120 eggs/group). 1st group: uninjected eggs, 2nd group: eggs were injected with 0.1 ml deionized water/egg in the chorioallantoic cavity, and 3rd group: eggs were injected with 0.1 ml/egg of Introvit-E-Selen in chorioallantoic cavity. After hatching, 270 chicks were randomly distributed into six groups, and reared until 42 days aged as follows: birds in 1st, 3rd and 5th groups drinks tap water only (free from any addition), while birds of other groups, were reared on drinking water supplemented with 12.5 mg vitamin E and 500 µg sodium selenite/liter water. Results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin, lymphocytes% and serum globulin, and a significant decrease in packed cell volume%, heterophils%, heterophils/lymphocytes ratio, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and albumin concentration as compared with control. In conclusion, vitamin E and selenium have enhanced some immunological aspects and reduced stress, as well as a number of hematological parameters of broiler chicks, also, the continuity of Vit.E)Selenium addition led to continuous improvement of physiological parameters, and when it stopped, the values of those parameters were retracted [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Muslim women are an underrepresented and underserved population in North America who often do not seek care for their sexual traumas and sexual difficulties. In order to better serve this population with minimal bias, it is important for healthcare providers to understand their vast experiences with spiritual abuse and sexual dysfunction, as well as reasons for not seeking healthcare related to sexual dysfunction. Objective: To understand the experiences of cisgender Muslim women in North America with regards to sexual function, sexual abuse and spiritual abuse. Methods: To investigate these topics, a survey was administered to 771 Muslims between the ages of 18–45 who live in the US and Canada 2020. The majority of respondents were heterosexual females, were part of the Sunni sect of Islam, had a bachelor's degree or higher, and were of South Asian, Asian, Middle Eastern, or Arab ancestry. Aspects of sexual functioning such as the frequency of sexual desire, arousal during sexual intercourse, achievement of orgasm, and pain during or after vaginal penetration were assessed. Results: Of the 158 respondents who reported having experienced sexual pain, only 34.4% sought healthcare for this problem. The most commonly cited reasons included fear or shame, unawareness, doubt that the situation would improve, and resolution of the pain on its own. 530 participants were asked if religion or spirituality have been used to: force them to make decisions they are opposed to (76.4%), force them to engage in a non-consensual sexual act (14.6%), isolate from others (57.9%), minimize the abuse they experienced (48.7%), or prevent them from speaking out against abuse (53.9%). Conclusions: This data provides insight into a Muslim cohort's frequency of sexual burdens which include dysfunction and abuse. Understanding how spiritual abuse can influence patients' familial, romantic, and sexual relationships may help providers to administer culturally competent care to Muslim patients. Disclosure: No. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Muslim women are an underrepresented and underserved population in North America who often do not seek care for their sexual traumas and sexual difficulties. In order to better serve this population with minimal bias, it is important for healthcare providers to understand their vast experiences with spiritual abuse and sexual dysfunction, as well as reasons for not seeking healthcare related to sexual dysfunction. Objective: To understand the experiences of cisgender Muslim women in North America with regards to sexual function, sexual abuse and spiritual abuse. Methods: To investigate these topics, a survey was administered to 771 Muslims between the ages of 18–45 who live in the US and Canada 2020. The majority of respondents were heterosexual females, were part of the Sunni sect of Islam, had a bachelor's degree or higher, and were of South Asian, Asian, Middle Eastern, or Arab ancestry. Aspects of sexual functioning such as the frequency of sexual desire, arousal during sexual intercourse, achievement of orgasm, and pain during or after vaginal penetration were assessed. Results: Of the 158 respondents who reported having experienced sexual pain, only 34.4% sought healthcare for this problem. The most commonly cited reasons included fear or shame, unawareness, doubt that the situation would improve, and resolution of the pain on its own. 530 participants were asked if religion or spirituality have been used to: force them to make decisions they are opposed to (76.4%), force them to engage in a non-consensual sexual act (14.6%), isolate from others (57.9%), minimize the abuse they experienced (48.7%), or prevent them from speaking out against abuse (53.9%). Conclusions: This data provides insight into a Muslim cohort's frequency of sexual burdens which include dysfunction and abuse. Understanding how spiritual abuse can influence patients' familial, romantic, and sexual relationships may help providers to administer culturally competent care to Muslim patients. Disclosure: No. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DNA fingerprinting is a tool for plant breeder rights protection, and variety registration in Plant Breeder Rights Repository. In the present study, we developed a DNA fingerprinting profile of 12 potato cultivars grown in Punjab Pakistan using 214 informative Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 1720 alleles were amplified by 214 SSR with an average of 8.04 alleles per marker. Approximately 72% of amplified alleles (1329 alleles) were polymorphic with 6.88 polymorphic alleles per SSR marker. The number of alleles ranged from 1 to 31. Similarly, polymorphic alleles per marker ranged from 0 to 24. A maximum number of alleles and polymorphic alleles were reported by IBR13 marker. The Polymorphic information content (PIC) value ranged from 0 to 0.96. The average PIC value for 214 amplified markers was 0.73. Collectively, 72 SSR markers amplified unique allelic patterns for DNA fingerprinting. Potato varieties Rubby and Sadaf were identified by 15 SSR markers whereas Faisalabad Red and SH-5 were identified by 12 SSR markers. Cluster and structure analysis classify the potato genotypes into two distinct groups. This information will be useful for the variety registration process and will provide a platform for future DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity studies for the choice of SSR markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, the authors introduce and investigate two new subclasses,namely and of the class 𝜅-fold biunivalent functions in the open unit disk . The initial coefficients for all of the functions that belong to them are determined, as well as the coefficients for functions that belong to a field determining these coefficients are also determined which require a complicated process. The bounds for the initial coefficients and that contained among the remaining results in our analysis are obtained. In addition, some specific special improver results for the related classes are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, certain subclass of harmonic multivalent function defined in the exterior of the unit disk by used generalize hypergeometric functions is introduced . In This study an attempting have been made to investigate several geometric properties such as coefficient property, growth bounds, extreme points, convolution property, and convex linear combination . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]