1,619 results on '"REGIONAL economics"'
Search Results
2. Higher Education and Unemployment in Turkey: Regional Panel Analysis with Undergraduate, Master's, and PhD Perspectives.
- Author
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ALGÜL, Yahya
- Subjects
- *
PANEL analysis , *HIGHER education , *GRADUATE education , *VOCATIONAL high schools , *UNEMPLOYMENT , *REGIONAL differences - Abstract
In the past two decades, Turkey has experienced a noteworthy increase in the establishment of universities and enrollment of students across various degree programs. However, this surge in higher education has been accompanied by a growing number of unemployed higher education graduates. To address this phenomenon, this research conducts a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between different levels of tertiary education, undergraduate, master's, and Ph.D. (Doctorate) and unemployment. The study utilizes TurkStat's regional database, covering data from 26 provinces in Turkey spanning the years 2008 to 2021. Prior to delving into coefficient analysis, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality test was applied to identify the direction of potential causality and to establish an accurate model. The findings suggest a potential causal relationship running from being a higher education graduate, at all levels (bachelor's, master's, and PhD ), to unemployment rate. Subsequently, to further scrutinize this relationship in light of causality findings, the Panel Augmented Mean Group estimator (AMG) was employed. The results indicate that a 1% increase in the total number of Bachelor's degree graduates is associated with a 1.16% increase in unemployment rate. Based on these findings, it can be argued that, instead of further investing in higher education, a policy approach targeting middle-skilled jobs through advanced investment in vocational high schools may be more cost-effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Collaborative optimization algorithm for electric vehicle industry chain based on regional economic development needs.
- Author
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Lu, Man and Sun, Jianfei
- Abstract
With the development of the economy, many regions have experienced a slowdown in economic growth. In order to promote the development of the electric vehicle (EV) industry, the country has also begun to introduce various policies to encourage the development of the EV industry. In this context, many local governments have begun to introduce policies and measures related to the development of the EV industry, such as increasing land use for the development of the EV industry and increasing support for the new energy automobile industry. These policy measures have played a positive role in promoting the development of the EV industry, but there are also some problems. For example, when many local governments introduce policies to support the development of the new energy automobile industry, their support for the EV industry is not significant. This article studied the collaborative optimization of the EV industry chain in response to issues such as insufficient technical strength, imbalanced supply-demand relationship, and insufficient downstream service chain capabilities in the EV industry chain. This article analyzed the composition of the EV industry chain and established an EV industry chain model to address these issues. This article used collaborative optimization algorithms to analyze the production volume of EVs in the EV industry chain, as well as the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency, and scale efficiency values of upstream, midstream, and downstream. Through experimental analysis, it was found that the comprehensive efficiency value of the upstream of the EV industry chain after using the collaborative optimization algorithm was 0.0792 higher than before. The research results of this article have provided reference significance for the analysis of collaborative optimization algorithms in other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. A Spatial Optimization Model for Delineating Metropolitan Areas.
- Author
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Wang, Gusiyuan and Mu, Wangshu
- Subjects
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METROPOLITAN areas , *CITIES & towns , *URBAN planners , *REGIONAL economics , *RESEARCH personnel - Abstract
A metropolitan area comprises a collection of cities and counties bound by strong socioeconomic ties. Despite the pivotal role that metropolitan areas play in regional economics, their delineation remains a challenging task for researchers and urban planners. Current threshold-based delineation methods select counties based on their connection strength with prespecified core counties. Such an approach often neglects potential interactions among outlying counties and fails to identify polycentric urban structures. The delineation of a metropolitan area is fundamentally a spatial optimization problem, whose objective is to identify a set of counties with high interconnectivity while also meeting specific constraints, such as area, contiguity, and shape. In this study, we present a novel spatial optimization model designed for metropolitan area delineation. This model aims to maximize intercounty connection strength in terms of both industry and daily life. This approach ensures a more accurate representation of the multicore structure that is commonly seen in developed metropolitan areas. Additionally, our model avoids the possibility of holes in metropolitan area delineation, leading to more coherent and logical metropolitan boundaries. We provide a mixed-integer programming formulation for the proposed model. Its efficacy is demonstrated by delineating the boundaries of the Nanjing and Lhasa metropolitan areas. This study also delves into discussions and policy implications pertinent to both of these metropolitan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Sports stadiums and local economic activity: Evidence from sales tax collections.
- Author
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Bradbury, John Charles
- Subjects
- *
STADIUMS , *REGIONAL economics , *SALES tax , *TAX collection , *ECONOMIC activity - Abstract
Though most studies find that sports stadiums are not strong drivers of economic activity in metropolitan areas, localized development effects may be sufficient to justify public subsidies for a host municipality if circumstances are favorable. This analysis examines the economic ramifications of an intra-metropolitan area relocation of Atlanta's professional baseball team from a traditional standalone downtown stadium to a new stadium-anchored mixed-use development in suburban Cobb County. Using the synthetic control method, the study employs metro-Atlanta counties to construct a counterfactual outcome for estimating changes in sales tax revenue after the ballpark opened. The findings indicate a net increase in taxable sales in the county; however, the magnitude of the effect is small and not statistically significant. Though net new spending is evident, approximately one-third of the project's sales appear to derive from crowding out other local economic activity. In total, added tax collections fall well short of covering the public subsidies provided by Cobb. The stadium's limited economic impact, despite its favorable location and ancillary mixed-use development, further supports past findings that sports venues are poor investments as economic development projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Legacy regions, not legacy cities: Growth and decline in city-centered regional economies.
- Author
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Van Leuven, Andrew J. and Hill, Edward W.
- Subjects
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REGIONAL economics , *REGIONAL development , *GOVERNMENT policy , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors - Abstract
Advocates adopted the term legacy city for older former industrial central cities to shift policy discussions from their social liabilities to their economic and physical assets. In examining this concept, we place U.S. central cities within a regional context, using cluster-discriminant analysis to distinguish between groups of metropolitan statistical areas, which proxy regional economies. Cluster analysis subsets metropolitan areas according to their position on several theory-driven dimensions. Discriminant analysis then identifies the variables most closely associated with each subset's statistical grouping. The results respond to three questions: (1) Are regions with legacy characteristics homogeneous in population size? (2) Do socioeconomically troubled regions share legacy characteristics? (3) Does the typology of metropolitan regions provide insights into the performance of regional clusters? The findings suggest that private investment and public policy must change regional economic development paths while intentionally including distressed jurisdictions and populations before the futures of central cities that experienced severe population losses can shift to a positive trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
7. Is Geopolitical Turmoil Driving Petroleum Prices and Financial Liquidity Relationship? Wavelet-Based Evidence from Middle-East.
- Author
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Xie, Huiqiang, Khurshid, Adnan, Rauf, Abdur, Khan, Khalid, and Calin, Adrian Cantemir
- Subjects
- *
PETROLEUM sales & prices , *WAVELETS (Mathematics) , *REGIONAL economics , *GEOPOLITICS , *LIQUIDITY (Economics) - Abstract
The Iran-Saudi Arabia conflict is an ongoing struggle for influence in the region that has created uncertainty, affected oil prices and regional economics. This paper uses wavelet analysis to examine the frequency and time-varying co-movement and casual nexus between petroleum prices (OP) and financial liquidness (MS) with and without geopolitical risk (GPR). The aim is to test the validity of the monetary equilibrium model from 1988 to 2019. The model is supported by the findings, as both short and medium-term association is found between OP and MS at high frequencies in the presence of GPR. We find a medium-term association between OP and MS in the absence of GPR. The paper's overall conclusion suggests that GPR affects OP and OP, in turn, impact MS. Diversifying economic activities to minimize oil dependency, which is sensitive to external shocks, is suggested as a mitigation solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Tension between state-level industrial policy and regional integration in Africa.
- Author
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Odijie, Michael E.
- Subjects
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INDUSTRIAL policy , *REGIONAL economics , *GLOBALIZATION , *CUSTOMS unions , *FREE trade ,AFRICAN economic integration - Abstract
How does industrial policy currently interact with Regional Economic Communities in Africa? This article examines the tension between Regional Economic Communities and state-level industrial policy in Africa through two main problems: (1) how state industrial policies undermine Regional Economic Communities through a crisis of implementation and (2) how Regional Economic Communities undermine industrial policies through crisis of coordination. In discussing these issues, using indicative examples from the regions, especially the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the East African Community (EAC), the article brings together industrial policy and regional economic integration in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Impact of Normalised Cross-Strait Relations on Regional Economics—An Empirical Study of Jiangsu Province.
- Author
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Li, Yunyan
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *REGIONAL differences , *ECONOMIC change , *EMPIRICAL research , *INTERNATIONAL relations ,CHINA-Taiwan relations - Abstract
How does the quality of international relations between countries affect regional economics? The question of how much economic change can be attributed to the trajectories of international politics is difficult to answer, because different factors over time can influence economic development. This research uses synthetic control and difference-in-differences methods to evaluate the impact of the normalisation of cross-strait relations in 2008 on regional economic growth in Jiangsu province. Based on data from the Regional and China Year Books from 1990 to 2015, Jiangsu province, a region with prominently close economic ties with Taiwan, witnessed a CNY 20,726.52 (around GBP 2328.35) increase in per capita GDP from 2008 to 2015, compared with the counterfactual in the absence of normalised cross-strait relations. There was an annual increase of approximately CNY 2961 Yuan (around GBP 333). This research has important implications for acknowledging the relationship between the quality of political relations and their economic impact on confrontational countries and regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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10. Interpersonal trust, invention, and innovation across European regions.
- Author
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Dindaroglu, Burak
- Subjects
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TRUST , *PATENT applications , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *REGIONAL economics , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *SMALL business , *INVENTIONS - Abstract
Many studies in economics and regional science claim a positive link between interpersonal trust and innovation by demonstrating a positive effect of trust on patenting. This contrasts many findings from organization level studies on trust and innovation, who report a variety of findings including inverted‐U type relations. A possible explanation is that trust exhibits different roles in invention and innovation, as the former relies on knowledge commons while the latter directly embeds commercialization and the market context. This study attempts to reconcile the two set of findings by studying indicators of invention and innovation in relation to trust at the same unit of observation, by using the regional variation in Europe. I study the relationship between interpersonal trust and patent applications (a measure of invention), trademark applications (a composite indicator) and the share of innovative sales in turnover by SMEs (a direct indicator of commercialization), across European regions. I show that trust positively affects trademark applications with an effect that is comparable to that on patent applications. However, trust exhibits an inverted‐U type relationship with innovative sales. Results collectively point to a strong role of trust in all three creative activities, including a negative effect at the higher end when the indicator is directly contingent on commercialization and sales. I also estimate the extent of spatial spillovers in the effect of trust on all three creative outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Performance-Evaluation Index for Precision Poverty Alleviation in China's Shaanxi Province.
- Author
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Jianjun Zhang, Jie Shi, Yan Li, Zhaoyu Li, and Baloch, Muhammad Awais
- Subjects
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POVERTY reduction , *REGIONAL economics , *PERFORMANCE evaluation , *EMPIRICAL research , *AGRICULTURAL productivity - Abstract
An effective and accurate poverty-alleviation system is necessary for eradicating poverty and promoting regional economic and social growth. Performance evaluation plays a key role in developing a precise poverty-alleviation policy. However, systematic performance evaluation of precise poverty-alleviation efforts has been largely ignored in the literature. This study sorts the poverty-alleviation performance of 10 major urban areas in Shaanxi Province using the count and analysis method. The empirical findings show that among poverty indexes, the yield of agricultural products has the greatest impact on poverty alleviation. Furthermore, the poverty-alleviation performance of Xianyang, Weinan, and Ankang is relatively high. The efforts of Xi'an and Baoji are at the middle level, and those of Tongchuan and Yan'an are at a relatively low level. This paper identifies the poverty alleviation performance status for each area at the indicator level and then offers a corresponding analysis and proposes countermeasures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Impact of Financial Agglomeration on Regional Economic Growth in China: A Spatial Correlation Perspective.
- Author
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Huimin Peng and Yi Qiu
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMIC development , *FINANCIAL services industry , *BUSINESS development - Abstract
In the contemporary world, finance is crucial to economy and financial agglomeration has a lasting effect on the economic growth. The areas of financial agglomeration will influence the economy of the local parts throughout agglomeration effect, and have an impact on its spatially related parts. Based on Chinese inter-provincial panel data from 2007 to 2018, this study constructs an indicator system of financial agglomeration and measures provincial agglomeration levels to examine its impact on regional economic growth. The results show that, first, the level of financial agglomeration has a trend of steady change and presents a ladder-decreasing agglomeration pattern. Second, financial agglomeration could effectively promote the economic growth of local and spatially related regions. The development of the financial industry depended more on geographical distance, and the diffusion effect of financial agglomeration in the eastern, central, and western regions are in different stages. Finally, by summarizing the research conclusions, this study put forward some suggestions for China's regional economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Political Economy and Knowledge Production in the Making of the Viceroyalty of New Granada.
- Author
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José Afanador-Llach, María
- Subjects
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ECONOMICS , *DEPENDENCY theory (International relations) , *INTERNATIONAL economic integration , *ECONOMIC expansion , *REGIONAL economics , *CAPITAL gains - Abstract
Objective/Context: During the eighteenth century, officials from different colonial powers attempted to turn the viceroyalty of the New Kingdom of Granada—present-day Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Panama—into an economically viable territory. The Spanish Crown embraced its most radical jurisdictional reform in centuries to exercise effective state control, extract more revenue, and defend the colonies from foreign incursions. This article explores the particularities of New Granada’s economic governance and argues that colonial officials produced local discourses of political economy to turn unfamiliar spaces into familiar places for economic, political, and military ends. In doing so, producing knowledge about the land and its resources became a key bureaucratic practice that shaped the imagining of a paradoxical territoriality in Northern South America. First, I detail the impact of political economy frameworks on imperial governance and bureaucratic practices. I then showcase how administrative narratives, mapping projects, and fiscal networks reveal the workings of Bourbon economic governance and the search for regional integration. Methodology: This article is built from an analysis of archival documents consisting of a selection of evidence from chorographic texts about New Granada and its provinces produced between 1720 and 1808. Originality: Reflecting on the ways in which the pursuit of knowledge for wealth creation affected the creation of territorialities contributes to uncovering how the imperial political economy was never a top-down imposition. Local officials negotiated it vis-à-vis singular geographical realities and knowledge production practices. Conclusions: Chorographic texts were central devices of imperial reform. The search for wealth production and territorial integration occurred in colonial outposts, not in intellectual treatises in Europe. In forging New Granada as an integrated, potentially rich place, bureaucrats’ experience of moving across the territory and inscribing the landscape on paper shaped perceptions of cohesion and difference, economic dependence, and regional fragmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. THE ROLE OF CIRCULAR CUMULATIVE CAUSATION AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY APPROACH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW INDUSTRIES: EXAMPLE OF GREEN HYDROGEN INDUSTRY EVOLUTION IN LATVIA AND ESTONIA.
- Author
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Lejnieks, Ilgmars and Pelse, Modrite
- Abstract
The unbalanced development of regions within the European Union (EU) faces challenges for sustainable economic growth opportunities in the future. Uneven scattering of industrial capacities across the EU determines the unequal distribution of wealth among the member states. The EU economy's Green Deal strategy determines the necessity of developing new technologies in both existing industries and developing new ones. The research emphasises two theories concerning territorial development issues. Circular cumulative causation theory and economic geography distinguish the development of industry, especially the manufacturing sector, as a crucial aspect of the economic development of a particular area. The symbiosis of both theories provides guidelines for a balanced approach to territory economic development capabilities in light of industry sustainability requirements in the present-day economy. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the combined circular cumulative causation and economic geography theory analysis approach by comparing the potential for the development of the green hydrogen industry in Latvia and Estonia. Hydrogen is one of the most likely energy sources to replace fossil fuels in the coming decades, and it possesses high potential for transportation, manufacturing, energy supply, and other sectors of the economy. The study established the research pattern within theoretical bases and identified general trends concerning an assessment framework, which can lead to unbalanced values in the industry's potential evaluation process. The findings of the evaluation of the green hydrogen industry indicate Estonia's slight advantage over Latvia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Bayesian clustered coefficients regression with auxiliary covariates assistant random effects.
- Author
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Hu, Guanyu, Xue, Yishu, and Ma, Zhihua
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMIC research , *PARAMETER estimation , *DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics , *REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
In regional economics research, a problem of interest is to detect similarities between regions, and estimate their shared coefficients in economics models. In this article, we propose a mixture of finite mixtures clustered regression model with auxiliary covariates that account for similarities in demographic or economic characteristics over a spatial domain. Our Bayesian construction provides both inference for number of clusters and clustering configurations, and estimation for parameters for each cluster. Empirical performance of the proposed model is illustrated through simulation experiments, and further applied to a study of influential factors for monthly housing cost in Georgia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Using the Web to Predict Regional Trade Flows: Data Extraction, Modeling, and Validation.
- Author
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Tranos, Emmanouil, Carrascal-Incera, André, and Willis, George
- Subjects
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COMMERCE , *ECONOMIC policy , *REGIONAL economics , *INTERREGIONALISM , *MACHINE learning , *WEBSITES , *RANDOM forest algorithms - Abstract
Despite the importance of interregional trade for building effective regional economic policies, there are very few hard data to illustrate such interdependencies. We propose here a novel research framework to predict interregional trade flows by utilizing freely available Web data and machine learning algorithms. Specifically, we extract hyperlinks between archived Websites in the United Kingdom and we aggregate these data to create an interregional network of hyperlinks between geolocated and commercial Web pages over time. We also use existing interregional trade data to train our models using random forests and then make out-of-sample predictions of interregional trade flows using a rolling-forecasting framework. Our models illustrate great predictive capability with R2 greater than 0.9. We are also able to disaggregate our predictions in terms of industrial sectors, but also at a subregional level, for which trade data are not available. In total, our models provide a proof of concept that the digital traces left behind by physical trade can help us capture such economic activities at a more granular level and, consequently, inform regional policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Complejidad económica y empleo en los estados del Brasil.
- Author
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Ribeiro Queiroz, Arthur, Prates Romero, João, and Eduardo Freitas, Elton
- Subjects
- *
INDUSTRIALIZATION , *INDUSTRIAL policy , *ECONOMIC development , *REGIONAL development , *ECONOMIC competition , *REGIONAL economics , *EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Este trabajo tiene tres objetivos: i) determinar los sectores prometedores que deben incentivarse para promover el desarrollo de los estados brasileños, ii) evaluar el impacto de la complejidad económica en el volumen de empleos y iii) simular el aumento de puestos de trabajo provocado por la adquisición de competitividad en las actividades consideradas prometedoras para cada uno de los estados. Los resultados obtenidos corroboraron el enfoque de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), que subraya el papel del cambio de la estructura productiva en el proceso de desarrollo, y reafirmaron la importancia de la complejidad para mejorar el desempeño económico de los países o las regiones, ya sea con respecto al incremento del ingreso o del volumen de empleos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
18. Aspectos demográficos y convergencia regional de los ingresos en el Brasil: enfoque de datos de panel.
- Author
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Cardoso de Almeida, Rubiane Daniele, Tabak, Benjamin M., and Silva Moreira, Tito Belchior
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC expansion , *REGIONAL development , *MACROECONOMICS , *ECONOMETRIC models , *ECONOMIC convergence , *DEMOGRAPHIC surveys , *REGIONAL economics - Abstract
El marco de la convergencia condicional constituye la base teórica de distintos enfoques dinámicos de datos de panel, pero los resultados pueden variar significativamente dependiendo de las especificaciones, el método y el período de tiempo. Este artículo presenta los resultados empíricos fruto de aplicar diferentes enfoques de datos de panel para estudiar el impacto de los factores demográficos en el crecimiento regional de los 27 estados del Brasil entre 2000 y 2014. Los resultados indican que la estimación mediante el método generalizado de los momentos (MGM) probablemente sea más coherente y eficaz que los demás métodos estudiados. Los resultados también apuntan a una relación significativa y negativa entre las variables demográficas y el crecimiento económico regional. Se espera que este estudio contribuya a la literatura sobre el tema mediante la elaboración de un marco comparativo de modelos y el análisis de la demografía y el crecimiento económico del Brasil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
19. Impact of Financial Agglomeration on Regional Economic Growth in China: A Spatial Correlation Perspective.
- Author
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Huimin Peng and Yi Qiu
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIES of agglomeration , *ECONOMIC development , *REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMIC structure - Abstract
In the contemporary world, finance is crucial to economy and financial agglomeration has a lasting effect on the economic growth. The areas of financial agglomeration will influence the economy of the local parts throughout agglomeration effect, and have an impact on its spatially related parts. Based on Chinese inter-provincial panel data from 2007 to 2018, this study constructs an indicator system of financial agglomeration and measures provincial agglomeration levels to examine its impact on regional economic growth. The results show that, first, the level of financial agglomeration has a trend of steady change and presents a ladder-decreasing agglomeration pattern. Second, financial agglomeration could effectively promote the economic growth of local and spatially related regions. The development of the financial industry depended more on geographical distance, and the diffusion effect of financial agglomeration in the eastern, central, and western regions are in different stages. Finally, by summarizing the research conclusions, this study put forward some suggestions for China's regional economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The impact of financial inclusion on digital payment solution uptake within the Gulf Cooperation Council Economies.
- Author
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Niankara, Ibrahim
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRONIC funds transfers , *DATA extraction , *REGIONAL economics , *OPEN innovation - Abstract
Recognizing the role of society in the sustainability of payment system innovation through the quadruple helix framework, this study analyzes the causal influence of demand-side financial inclusion indicators on society's uptake of digital payment solutions (DPS) within the regional economy of the Gulf Cooperation Council. To this end, the present study relies on data extracted from Global Findex surveys (in 2014 and 2017), as well as the economic theory of random utility maximization, to model individuals' DPS uptake decisions "ceteris paribus." The maximum likelihood estimation revealed no gender-based gradient in DPS uptake behaviors; additionally, financial inclusion indicators such as transaction account ownership and debit card ownership did not significantly influence endogenous or exogenous DPS uptake decisions between 2013 and 2017. However, all remaining financial inclusion indicators did significantly influence DPS uptake. Assessing these findings through the lens of open innovation and the ongoing efforts from the Arab Regional Payment System project, which seeks to expand financial inclusion by facilitating access to transaction accounts, there is reasonable evidence to suggest that complementary financial inclusion policies addressing the use dimension of DPS (i.e., extending access to saving and borrowing, along with digital payroll practices for both private and public enterprises) would contribute to more effective policy on financial inclusion in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Manufacturing in a Natural Resource Based Economy: Evidence from Canadian Plants.
- Author
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Moshiri, Saeed, Østenstad, Gry, and Vermeulen, Wessel N.
- Subjects
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NATURAL resources , *PLANT performance , *PLANT productivity , *EXPORT trading companies , *WAGE increases , *FACTORIES - Abstract
This study investigates the effects of an oil boom on manufacturing plants performance. First, we derive several predictions using a model of heterogeneous firms. Second, we test these predictions on a plant level dataset using the Canadian Annual Survey of Manufacturers for 2000-2010. We exploit the time variation of the booming natural resource sector revenue in an oil-producing area in combination with the location of manufacturing plants to create an exogenous treatment variable. The outcome variables include plant level wages, employment, sales, and exports. We find that initial plant level productivity provides an important differentiation in average plants effects. Plants that are more productive become more likely to export in response to the oil boom, while less productive plants become less likely to export. Exporting firms become more likely to increase wages relative to non-exporting firms, but less likely to increase employment. While there is a great variety in the effect by sector, we do not observe that industry linkages with the resource industry drive plant performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. En busca del crecimiento en México, ¿y si hablamos de convergencia social?
- Author
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Isabel Osorio-Caballero, María, Adriana Koike, Sayuri, and Muller Durán, Nancy
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC expansion , *REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMIC convergence , *ECONOMIC development , *LIFE expectancy , *SURVIVAL rate , *AUTOCORRELATION (Statistics) - Abstract
Inter-state economic and social convergence was analyzed in Mexico’s 32 states during the period 2005-2019. Absolute economic convergence was tested through real income and average real labor income and average hourly real labor income. The variables of life expectancy, survival rate, child survival rate and educational level of workers were used to test for absolute social convergence. In addition, using the spatial dependence technique, Moran’s I, it was found that economic variables related to labor income present a high level of spatial correlation. In contrast, only social variables such as life expectancy and the educational level of workers are spatially correlated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Presencia de Taiwán en la región de América Latina y el Caribe.
- Author
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Reyes Solís, Juan Roberto
- Subjects
- *
POLITICIANS , *REGIONAL economics , *SOVEREIGNTY , *PRACTICAL politics , *GEOPOLITICS - Abstract
In contemporary world politics, Taiwan is, for different reasons, a subject of great contention. The constant conflict it faces with Beijing over the claim to fully integrate it into its sovereignty, in the conception of a single China, limits its expectations as a possible independent state. Given this, and in a long-standing dispute, the groups in power, both in Beijing and in Taipei, confront each other precisely because of these visions, which is the object of constant encounters and disagreements. Thus, and intending to firmly maintain international recognition through a low-profile strategy, Taiwan has maintained formal ties with different states in different regions of the world, including Latin America and the Caribbean. This has allowed the use of its official links in some countries in the area, which are exposed to pressure from the government of the People’s Republic of China, which appears as a counterweight to Taipei’s efforts. With this background, the purpose of this paper is to describe that the presence of Taiwan in Latin America and the Caribbean depends on the ability of its political leaders to materialize initiatives whose impact is not of great importance in the dynamics of regional politics and economics. This will allow you to avoid situations that jeopardize the achievements achieved so far and allow you to continue with this status quo created over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
24. Examining Finance-Growth Nexus: Empirical Evidence From the Sub-Regional Economies of Africa.
- Author
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Haibo, Chen, Manu, Emmanuel Kwaku, and Somuah, Mary
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *FINANCIAL services industry , *ECONOMETRICS , *ECONOMIC development , *ECONOMIC indicators - Abstract
This paper examined finance-growth nexus in the finance industry and the influencing factors of economic indicators which deliberate on the performance of the Solow Growth model to prove the actuality of financial development (FD) inside the economic growth (EG) model, based on the regional data from 1980 to 2017 in Africa. We applied the econometric method of GMM style panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) and panel quantile regression (PQR). With the optimal finance-growth outcome, the review shows that the economic indicators influence the finance-growth nexus. The quantile results show that high economic indicators help to strengthen the finance-growth nexus, whereas low economic indicators hinder it. The GMM style PVAR results present a mixed effect in terms of the connection and marginal significance, indicating that FD has a varied impact on economic growth. Last, the granger causality results show a two-way causal association amid finance-growth in Western, Central, Eastern, and Southern African economies and a unidirectional causal link of finance-growth in Northern Africa. The policy conclusion is that to gain the long-term economic benefits of FD, African countries should strive for low and steady economic stability. To attain the required economic stability, it may be important to use suitable fiscal and monetary policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Human settlements arranged as networks of regenerative villages with nature-based infrastructure ecosystems.
- Author
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Liaros, Steven and De Silva, Nilmini
- Subjects
- *
GREEN infrastructure , *HUMAN settlements , *URBAN planning , *REGIONAL economics , *INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) , *ENERGY storage - Abstract
Civil infrastructures have historically been developed as highly centralised, extensive, and complicated systems. Electricity, water, buildings, transport networks, and communication systems are each delivered separately. Recent advancements in the development of energy micro-grids have opened the possibility of localised, intensive, and complex, nature-based infrastructure ecosystems. Designed at the scale of a village, such systems would integrate different types of infrastructure. For example, an energy micro-grid can provide electricity to buildings, power electric vehicles and cycle water through a precinct. In turn, the water system can store energy and irrigate a diverse, regenerative food system. Providing housing close to food production reduces transport costs, supply chain losses and packaging. The significant land area required for each village would result in a dispersal of populations, creating networks of villages, each with integrated infrastructure ecosystems. This challenges the orthodoxy in town planning and regional economics that accepts ever-increasing urbanisation. To synthesise ideas developed in different disciplines we adopt the epistemology of consilience. That is, a conclusion can be confirmed when different disciplines arrive at that same position. We show that literature in town planning, regional economics, ecological economics, and public health all support the argument for dispersal reached through civil engineering systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Analysis of the Influence of Human Resources on the Economic Development of Minority Areas Based on Data Mining.
- Author
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Guo, Qian, Liu, Yubo, and Zheng, Changde
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMIC development , *DEVELOPMENT economics , *DATA mining , *SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
In order to break the bottleneck of the human capital stock restricting local economic growth in the typical western regions with backward national economic development, a research on the analysis of the impact of human resources on the economic development of ethnic regions based on data mining is proposed. On the basis of systematically reviewing the current situation and the theoretical basis of the relationship between human capital and economic growth, the method of combining normative research and empirical research is adopted, and the theories of macroeconomics, development economics, and regional economics are synthesized. In the research, the human capital and economic development in a certain western region are analyzed by establishing an econometric model. The results show that the average value of each year is taken as the inspection index, and the contribution rate is 0.0012, which shows that the contribution of human capital stock in economic growth is very small, indicating that physical capital stock is still the main driving force for local economic development. It is concluded that the research provides some relevant recommendations for human capital development to achieve sustainable local economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. How Regions React to Economic Crisis: Regional Economic Resilience in a Chinese Perspective.
- Author
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Li, Meiyue and Wang, Xiaowen
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *FINANCIAL crises , *HETEROGENEITY , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) - Abstract
The severity of the 2007–2008 global financial crisis and the spatial heterogeneity of its impact have accelerated the study of regional economic resilience. However, few have investigated whether pre-crisis determinants impact regional economic resilience. This study explores the factors influencing regional economic resilience across 284 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2019. We use data from the National Bureau of Statistics in China and apply a multilevel logistic regression model. The results indicate the magnitude of the province effects on regional performance during the financial crisis. The results show that regional economic resilience is significantly shaped by provincial trajectories and region size. Furthermore, economic agglomeration, manufacturing, education, infrastructure, and financial development make regions less susceptible to external shocks and more resilient to financial crises. The results provide supportive evidence for governments to adopt region-based policies and thereby improve their performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Empirical regional economics: Economic base theory, models and applications.
- Author
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Bower, Courtney
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *HOUSING , *BUSINESS cycles , *REGIONAL development - Abstract
"Empirical Regional Economics: Economic Base Theory, Models and Applications" is an accessible textbook by Richard Conway that provides an introduction to regional economics for undergraduate and graduate students. The textbook is divided into three parts: theory, application of models, and case studies. It focuses on the Puget Sound region of Washington State, but the lessons learned can be applied to other regions. The book offers a comprehensive overview of regional economic growth, models, and case studies, although it lacks engagement with contemporary issues such as climate change. Overall, it is a valuable resource for educators and researchers in the field of regional science. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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29. Exploiting the technology-driven structural shift to creative work in regional catching-up: toward an institutional framework.
- Author
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Vermeulen, Ben and Psenner, Eleonora
- Subjects
- *
SHIFT systems , *REGIONAL economics , *LABOR market , *JOB creation , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
The development and application of technologies such as robots and artificial intelligence drive a shift toward non-routinized, creative work. A stylized narrative is that a few regions dominate the making of these technologies and enjoy a virtuous cycle of increasing employment, innovativeness, and in-migration of the creative class. Regions merely applying these technologies may get into a vicious cycle of increasing unemployment, out-migration, and decreasing innovativeness. Following the normative governance turn in regional political economics, this theoretical policy paper pitches a framework of three complementary institutions to direct the technology-driven structural change for regional catching-up. Firstly, a system for innovation and entrepreneurial activity creates jobs by supporting exploitation of complementarities of application, co-development activities, and product innovation within mature and emerging sectors. Secondly, education provides creative and entrepreneurial skills to exploit technological opportunities and upskills workers for emerging sectors. Thirdly, labour market and social security institutions are to allow rationalization in mature sectors, incentivize hiring and learning on the job, as well as encourage innovative ventures, notably in emerging sectors. Challenges of implementation of the framework due to path-dependence, co-evolution, and multi-scalarity as well as applicability in different varieties of capitalism are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The importance of coinage in the Carolingian world.
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COINS , *CAROLINGIAN coins , *REGIONAL economics , *COINAGE , *MONEY - Abstract
The dramatic recent increase in the number of Carolingian coin finds offers significant new insights into the political, social and economic history of the period. Coins were produced in larger numbers, circulated more widely, and were used more commonly than has been assumed, though not in all regions. There was thus a range of regional economies which themselves changed over time. Many finds can be linked to trade, both long‐distance and local. A remarkably high degree of political and economic control is evident under the empire, but broke down in the 840s, and was only restored in West Francia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Analysis of China's Regional Economic Competitiveness, Regionalization, and Spatial Aggregation Characteristics Based on Density Clustering Algorithm.
- Author
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He, Jinglin and Liu, Rixing
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC competition , *REGIONAL economics , *SPATIAL distribution (Quantum optics) , *ECONOMIES of agglomeration , *REGIONAL development , *ECONOMIC development , *REGIONAL disparities - Abstract
Regional development disparities, especially in developing countries, have traditionally been one of the central issues of empirical research in regional economics. However, this rapid change is accompanied by profound changes in the spatial distribution of economic activities in China, the formation of regional economic "blocks," the widening of regional disparities, and the geographical concentration of economic growth efficiency are important issues highlighted in this change. Therefore, it is important to explore the spatial clustering characteristics and patterns of regional economic growth to provide a scientific basis for relevant government departments to formulate reasonable regional development strategies and promote the balanced and stable development of economic growth. Clustering analysis is an important research topic in the field of data mining, which is used to discover unknown object classes in large-scale data sets. This paper proposes a density-clustering algorithm based on the regional economic competitiveness of China and analyzes its spatial aggregation characteristics. From the perspective of spatial structure theory, economic development is a dynamic process, and to optimize the spatial pattern of China's regional economic development and improve the efficiency of economic interaction between regions, it is necessary to fully exploit the diffusion and trickle-down effects of important growth poles in the region to the surrounding areas. The experimental results show that the error rate of KSNN is very small, and the error rate of K-means and PSO has increased to a certain extent. Therefore, it can be obtained that the density-clustering algorithm based on the regional economic competitiveness zoning method in China can find out the correct clustering results without the given clustering individual cases. Thus, it is important to grasp the current situation of regional economic agglomeration and reveal the driving factors of agglomeration formation to promote the coordinated development of regional economy and guide the spatial layout of economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Efficiency Evaluation and Analysis of Low-Carbon Tourism and Ecological Construction Based on DEA Model.
- Author
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Guo, Eryan and He, Jing
- Subjects
- *
ECOTOURISM , *INDUSTRIAL organization (Economic theory) , *INDUSTRIAL ecology , *REGIONAL economics , *TOURISM , *CARBON cycle - Abstract
The rapid development of tourism in China has also caused a lot of energy consumption and serious environmental problems. In the context of sustainable development, low-carbon tourism has become the consensus of management departments, relevant industries, and academia. In environmental-related fields, DEA is considered as an excellent efficiency analysis tool because of its powerful optimization ability. The final variable of DEA method is weight. In order to avoid the influence of human factors with predetermined weights in tourism analysis, this paper studies the evaluation of tourism ecological efficiency based on DEA model. China's overall tourism ecological efficiency showed a fluctuating upward trend, rising from 0.853 in 2018 to 0.906 in 2021. The national average efficiency over the past four years is 0.855, which is at a low level, indicating that the construction of tourism ecology is still in its infancy, and there is still much room for improvement in the future. As the tourism industry system involves many aspects, such as natural ecology, humanities, economy, and so on, it is an extremely complex system. The research on the ecological efficiency of tourism cannot simply rely on the knowledge system and thinking of a single discipline. Therefore, combined with the relevant theories and knowledge of tourism, management, industrial economics, regional economics, industrial ecology, and other disciplines, this paper makes a systematic study on the problems and countermeasures of Qiaozhai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Prediction Algorithm of Uncertain Fund Demand for Regional Economics Using GM Model and Few-Shot Learning.
- Author
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Wang, Baoqian
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *DEMAND forecasting , *REGIONAL development , *ECONOMIC demand , *ECONOMIC development , *ALGORITHMS - Abstract
The forecast of capital demand has the characteristics of uncertainty. There are known and unknown information about the capital demand for regional economic development. In fact, there are also some in between, that is, uncertain. Consumption is the ultimate goal of production and a key link in realizing a virtuous circle of economic development. This paper uses the GM (1, 1) model to compare the predicted value of the test area with the actual value in 5 years, and the loudness is as high as 90%. Under the guidance of the profit model, the regional economic capital demand has a decisive influence on the regional economic development. The predictive analysis model of capital needs is conducive to fully mobilizing the impact of infrastructure construction of all parties and is an important factor affecting economic development. The mathematical model proposed in this paper is helpful for deepening the research on the management of regional economic development and enriching the theoretical system of regional economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. DEVELOPMENT OF SETTLEMENTS OF HUNGARIAN CENTRAL DANUBE REGION IN 2010 AND IN 2020 BASED ON THE COMPLEX ECONOMIC INDEX.
- Author
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Lorinc, Balazs, Nagy, Henrietta, and Kaposzta, Jozsef
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *HUMAN settlements , *EVERYDAY life , *REGIONAL planning , *REGIONALISM - Abstract
Geographic disparity and the resulting unequal development is a fundamental tenet of our everyday lives, and is undoubtedly one of the most important and researched categories in spatial economics. This can be observed in particular in international spatial research trends, as it is clear from the research on the spatial economy in Europe that the EU enlargement process is revealing endogenous contexts that can influence the reduction of geo-spatial disparities and provide strategic directions for solving problems. The issue of the growing contrast between centre and periphery has also rewritten the dimension of urban and rural areas, so that the concentration of population and the emergence of economic and service centres have laid the foundations for new development directions. Based on these findings, the study investigated a complex set of issues and their interrelationships, with the focus on the municipalities of the Central Danube Region. In the course of the analysis, the changes in the economy in 10 years between 2010 and 2020 were analysed by exploring the economic competitiveness and the situation of the region under study. The indicators used for the study were defined on the basis of the results of academic works analysing economic development along similar axes. In addition to the interconnectedness of the changes and the lessons to be drawn from geographical development, the authors also identified the potential for future economic development, including the identification of the high spatial economic leverage of the economic centre, the underdeveloped situation of settlements located further from the regional centre, and the development of economic indicators in the region. In our opinion, the present analysis could be beneficial for the future regional development of the settlements in the economic zone and for the region as a whole. Our future objective is to carry out analyses and strategic planning for the development of the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Does the Belt and Road Initiative Really Increase CO2 Emissions?
- Author
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Tang, Dongmei, Li, Xia, Xu, Xiaocong, Liu, Xiaoping, Zhang, Han, Shi, Hong, and Liu, Shuwen
- Subjects
- *
BELT & Road Initiative , *CARBON emissions , *CONSUMPTION (Economics) , *PRODUCTION (Economic theory) , *PER capita , *REGIONAL differences , *REGIONAL economics - Abstract
There are debates on whether the implementation of the Belt and Road (BR) initiative could significantly increase CO2 emissions in participating countries. Nevertheless, the policy effect of the BR initiative on both consumption- and production-based CO2 emissions has not been fully explored. In this study, we quantified the consumption- and production-based CO2 emissions in BR countries with a multiregional input–output model. Then, a difference-in-differences (DID) model was used to identify the CO2 emissions caused by the BR initiative. Results showed that the production-based CO2 emissions (20.77 Gt) were 11 percent higher than the consumption-based CO2 emissions (18.71 Gt) in BR countries. The BR initiative had a significant, positive effect on per-capita consumption-based CO2 emissions (p value < 0.1), with an average increase of 0.51 t/cap/year, but had no significant effect on per-capita production-based CO2 emissions (p value > 0.1). These results imply that the BR initiative promoted regional consumption to achieve common prosperity and boosted green transformation of regional economy. Moreover, non-BR countries that have consumed CO2-embedded products should take responsibility for the CO2 emitted in BR countries. Participants should give priority to strengthening the cooperation based on their country's infrastructure conditions rather than the proximity to China. These findings clarify the policy effect of the BR initiative and distinguish the CO2 emission responsibility from both consumption- and production-based perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Cognitive Computing for Decision-Making and Choice Modeling of the Interactive Relationship Between Local Higher Education Development and Regional Economics.
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL development , *REGIONAL economics , *DEVELOPMENT economics , *HIGHER education , *COGNITIVE computing ,ECONOMIC conditions in China - Abstract
Higher education plays an important role in the construction of a new growth engine of China's economy under the new normal state. If innovation is likened to a new engine of economic growth in China, higher education is equivalent to energy and fuel provided by the engine energy for intellectual support and knowledge support. Based on Denison factor analysis, the panel data of 30 provinces in the east, middle and west of China from 1997 to 2014 was used to conduct the Cognitive computing for decision-making and choice about the impact of higher education level of human resources on China's economic growth. The results show that the output elasticity of material capital gradually decreases from west to east, while the output effect of higher education increases gradually from west to east. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Macro-Economic Factors of Stock Market: A case study of Regional Economies.
- Author
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Farooq, Sumair
- Subjects
- *
STOCK exchanges , *REGIONAL economics , *MACROECONOMICS , *TIME-varying systems - Abstract
The study is about the factors related to stock markets of Asian economies. This study is based on determining the factors that influencing the regional economies of Asian countries. Second, it also discusses the how it impacting the stock exchange behavior in those market. A time series pairwise regression has used to examine the impact of macro-economic factors which is quite appropriate for the analysis and interpretation. There is clear evidence that it supports connection between Asian Economies Stock markets is also time varying, and macro-economic determinants significantly affect this time varying relationships. It is analyzed that there is long run interdependence exist between Asian stock markets and the Chinese stock market and macro-economic factors are significantly affect this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
38. The Myth of the Global: Why Regional Ties Win the Day.
- Author
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O'Neil, Shannon K.
- Subjects
- *
GLOBALIZATION , *REGIONALISM (International organization) , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *INTERNATIONAL economic integration , *REGIONAL economics , *GEOPOLITICS , *INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Abstract
The article addresses the myth about globalization and explores the implications of regionalization for U.S. foreign policy. Topics discussed are role of geography in regionalization, regional economic integration of Europe, Asia and North America, factors curbing globalization including automation of production, demographic shifts and climate change, influence of political change and geopolitics in curbing globalization in favor of regionalization, and competitive advantages of the U.S.
- Published
- 2022
39. Regional Growth, Domestic and Foreign Tourism in NUTS Regions: New Insights from the Old Continent.
- Author
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Harb, Georges and Bassil, Charbel
- Subjects
- *
INTERNATIONAL tourism , *DOMESTIC tourism , *REGIONAL disparities , *REGIONAL economic disparities , *REGIONAL differences , *TOURIST attractions , *TOURIST attitudes , *CONTINENTS - Abstract
Using regional data encompassing 155 Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions across the EU-28 member states, we estimate the effect of tourist arrivals (total, domestic, and foreign) on regional growth over 2000-2018. Our empirical strategy tackles three data properties that cripple common econometric approaches: cross-section dependence, nonstationarity, and the endogeneity of the regressors. In addition to "pooled" models that assume common parameters across regions, we run "heterogeneous" models where parameters are allowed to differ between regions. Results of the pooled estimations show that domestic and total tourism inflows have positively and significantly contributed to growth, and the positive effect of foreign tourism is statistically discernible in regions that are mainly destinations for foreign tourists. Findings based on region-specific regressions reveal that the average impact on regional growth of tourist inflows is positive and significant, and large regional disparities in terms of the growth impact of domestic/foreign tourism exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Urban resilience.
- Author
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Glaeser, Edward L
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *CITIES & towns , *NATURAL disasters , *HUMAN capital , *ECONOMIC shock , *CAPITAL cities - Abstract
Will COVID-19 end the urban renaissance that many cities have experienced since the 1980s? This essay selectively reviews the copious literature that now exists on the long-term impact of natural disasters. At this point, the long-run resilience of cities to many forms of physical destruction, including bombing, earthquakes and fires, has been well-documented. The destruction of human capital may leave a longer imprint, but cities have persisted through many plagues over the past millennia. By contrast, economic and political shocks, including deindustrialisation or the loss of capital city status, can enormously harm an urban area. These facts suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic will only significantly alter urban fortunes if it is accompanied by a major economic shift, such as widespread adoption of remote work, or political shifts that could lead businesses and the wealthy to leave urban areas. The combination of an increased ability to relocate with increased local redistribution or deterioration of local amenity levels, or both, could recreate some of the key attributes of the urban crisis of the 1970s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Assessing urban rooftop PV economics for regional deployment by integrating local socioeconomic, technological, and policy conditions.
- Author
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Xue, Liya, Liu, Junling, Lin, Xiaojing, Li, Mengyue, and Kobashi, Takuro
- Subjects
- *
REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMIC indicators , *INTERNAL rate of return , *CITIES & towns , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *BUILDING-integrated photovoltaic systems - Abstract
Assessing the urban rooftop photovoltaic (PV) economics is important for scaling up rooftop PVs for rapid decarbonization. In this study, socioeconomic, technological, and policy factors were integrated into a rooftop PV economic assessment. This comprehensive method was applied to 21 cities in the Guangdong province of China, in combination with local real parameters. The results show that, with higher urbanization levels, electricity tariffs, and PV self-consumption rates, cities in the Pearl River Delta area generally had better economic performance in terms of both economic scale and profitability. They accounted for 75% of the total rooftop PV potential in Guangdong Province and had an internal rate of return (IRR) as high as 14.6–19.2% for Commercial and Industrial buildings (C&I), and 9.9–15.9% for residential buildings (R). Socioeconomic, technological, and policy factors jointly affect the economic performance and create a promising future for Guangdong rooftop PVs. It is projected that the IRR of current worst performing cities will grow by 4.9–5.8, and 4.4–5.9 percentage points, and the payback period will be shortened by 5.8–6.7 and 3.4–4.1 years by 2030 for R and C&I buildings, respectively. Among the three factors, technological advancement had the most significant long-term effect, followed by socioeconomic development. Policy factors play an important role in alleviating short-term cash flow pressure. Integrating the three factors in the assessment provides us with a more comprehensive picture of how urban rooftop PV economics will evolve and a better idea of how to prioritize rooftop PV development. Suggestions for prioritizing the deployment of rooftop PV systems in Guangdong by 2030 were provided. • Socioeconomic, technological, and policy factors were integrated into the urban rooftop PV economics assessment. • An orderly deployment plan for urban rooftop PVs in the Guangdong province of China is proposed. • The technology factor had the most significant effect on rooftop PV economic trends through capital cost reduction. • Socio-economic development contributes to higher electricity demand and revenue. • Policy factors play an important role in the short term in alleviating the cash flow pressure through preferential loan rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Unemployment and new firm formation: evidence from Polish industries at the regional level.
- Author
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Wosiek, Małgorzata
- Subjects
- *
UNEMPLOYMENT , *REGIONAL economics , *UNEMPLOYMENT statistics , *PANEL analysis , *HOTEL restaurants , *URBAN community development - Abstract
Research background: The present study takes the regional economics perspective to explaining new firm registrations. It focuses on the driving role of unemployment rate in the process of new business formation. Purpose of the article: The main goal of the study is to investigate the effect of regional unemployment (next to other regional characteristics) on subsequent new business formation in Polish regions for the period 2003-2018. The research hypothesis assumes that a rise in unemployment rate has a positive effect on subsequent new business formation. The positive unemployment push effect is expected to be stronger in operational services. Methods: In order to verify the links between unemployment rates and entrepreneurship, panel data methods (fixed effect Driscoll-Kraay and p-VAR estimators) were applied. The analyses were performed at the industry level (manufacturing, construction, wholesale and retail, hotels and restaurants, and financial services) using regional annual data for the period 2003-2018. Findings & value added: This study provides further insight into the unemployment push hypothesis by distinguishing between industry sectors and by considering regional specificities in post-communist economies (e.g. Poland). The findings provide value for policy-makers regarding the selection of policy instruments intended to stimulate regional development through entrepreneurship in lagged areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. CHANGES IN THE ECONOMY AS A SYSTEM: ENTREPRENEURSHIP UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF COVID-19.
- Author
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Lejava, Tatjana, Rivza, Baiba, and Kruzmetra, Maiga
- Subjects
- *
ECONOMIC activity , *COVID-19 pandemic , *ENTREPRENEURSHIP , *EMPLOYMENT , *REGIONAL economics - Abstract
This research paper summarises the results of the rapid changes in the structure of the economic system as a result of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. The following tasks were set for the research: to describe the national economic system before COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia, to identify and assess the main features of changes in the national economic system during 2020 and to identify and assess the geographical location of structural changes in the country. The obtained results indicate three main tendencies in the structure of the economic system. Some economic segments indicate that the number of employees has increased in the time of the pandemic influence, some almost remained unchanged or experienced a decrease. As the linear changes in the volume of employees in the elements of the main structure of the economy take place to a different extent, then there is also an increase or decrease in the share of certain main segments in the regions of Latvia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Measuring Knowledge-capital Stock and Its Relationship with Economic Growth in the Mexican States.
- Author
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German-Soto, Vicente and Rodríguez Hernández, Alma Leticia
- Abstract
This work proposes a new technique for measuring knowledge capital that applies the concept of Euclidian distance to factors often considered pillars of knowledge. Importantly, this methodological proposal can suitably treat variables assessed using different measurement units and scales. The empirical exercise considers the 32 Mexican states between 2000 and 2016, with results classifying the economies into high and low knowledge levels and estimates of the link between knowledge and economic growth, confirming the hypothesis of decreasing returns and demonstrating a positive relationship with knowledge capital. The conclusions recommend strengthening knowledge capital in all regions to boost economic growth and transition to a knowledge economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Mapping paradigm shifts in the geography of innovation.
- Author
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Oláh, Dániel and Alpek, Levente Balázs
- Subjects
- *
HISTORICAL geography , *GEOGRAPHY , *ECONOMIC geography , *INDUSTRIAL districts , *NEOCLASSICAL school of economics , *REGIONAL economics , *DIFFUSION of innovations , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
The study quantifies important theoretical tendencies in the geography of innovation in a historical view based on a novel big-data approach. It shows that the field was "born" only in the nineteen eighties after long periods (i.e. the first half of the 20th century) of analysing economic growth and regional development without endogenising the production process of innovation. The paper presents important shifts in the basic assumptions of models with the increasing use of the terms "economic instability" or "asymmetric information" instead of "economic equilibrium" and "perfect information". These mean a deviation from traditional neoclassical regional economics, which is reflected in the fact that "geography of innovation" gained the same level of popularity in the 2000s as "industrial geography". The paper shows that although the decline of the Marshallian term "industrial district" stopped in parallel with the work of Becattini, a new innovation systems theory took over the relative frequency of mention of the industrial district by the turn of the new millennium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Resilience in a behavioural/Keynesian regional model.
- Author
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Allan, Grant, Figus, Gioele, McGregor, Peter G., and Swales, J. Kim
- Subjects
- *
KEYNESIAN economics , *MACROECONOMICS , *ECONOMETRIC models , *MACROECONOMIC models , *REGIONAL economics ,SCOTTISH economy, 1973- - Abstract
This paper constructs a regional dynamic macroeconomic model with an eclectic, broadly Keynesian and behavioural flavour. The model, which is parameterized on Scottish data, is used to identify the impact of expectations and business confidence on regional resilience. Simulations compare the evolution of the regional economy after a temporary negative export shock under a range of investment functions. The mainstream perfect foresight formulation generates a reduction in activity, which is small and is limited to the duration of the shock. The heuristic-based, imperfect-information investment models produce more negative, longer-lasting and unstable adjustment paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Place Prosperity and the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty.
- Author
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Nebiyou Tilahun, Persky, Joseph, Jaeyong Shin, and Zellner, Moira
- Subjects
- *
POOR children , *PURCHASING power parity , *ADULTS , *POVERTY , *REGIONAL economics - Abstract
Much new work in urban and regional economics has emphasized the importance of place prosperity. This study focuses on the determinants of adult poverty and the contribution of place prosperity in damping the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Childhood poverty is a major predictor of adult poverty. We consider how such intergenerational transmission is affected by metropolitan and neighborhood (census tract) prosperity. To capture the temporal dynamics of this process, the model explored here is recursive in nature. We use longitudinal microdata from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Location variables at the census tract and metropolitan levels, family variables, and poverty status are observed for our subjects over multiple years both in childhood and adulthood. Neighborhood and metropolitan prosperity are measured in terms of average incomes adjusted for purchasing power parity differences. The standardized neighborhood prosperity direct effect on adult poverty is strongly significant and its total effect is twice as large. On the other hand, the standardized direct effect of metropolitan prosperity and its total effect are small and insignificant. But even neighborhood effects are modest compared to standardized effects of childhood poverty, race, mother's education and own education. At least with respect to these data, the recent emphasis on place variables would seem to be overstated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Family-managed firms and local export spillovers: evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms.
- Author
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Amato, Stefano, Basco, Rodrigo, Backman, Mikaela, and Lattanzi, Nicola
- Subjects
- *
FAMILY-owned business enterprises , *EXPORTS , *EXTERNALITIES , *REGIONAL economics , *BUSINESS enterprises , *SOCIAL capital , *MANUFACTURING industries - Abstract
By combining arguments from regional economics and family business research, the aim of this article is to test the relationships among local export spillovers, management characteristics, and export propensity on a large sample of Spanish manufacturing firms over the 2003–2015 period. We find that family-managed firms, compared to their non-family counterparts, benefit more from being located in regions with a high density of exporters. Because of their firm-specific social capital and strong embeddedness in local networks, family-managed firms are better positioned to leverage the spatially bounded flow of knowledge and information in these regions, resulting in a higher likelihood to export than non-family firms. Additionally, our results show that the knowledge spillover effect is stronger for small and low-tech family firms' export propensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The impact of institutional proximity, cognitive proximity and agglomeration economies on firm-level productivity.
- Author
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Noonan, Lisa, O'Leary, Eoin, and Doran, Justin
- Subjects
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ECONOMIES of agglomeration , *REGIONAL economics , *ECONOMICS literature , *ECONOMIES of scale , *MOMENTS method (Statistics) , *COGNITIVE testing - Abstract
Purpose: This paper analyses the impact of institutional proximity, cognitive proximity and geographical proximity (in the form of agglomeration economies) on the firm-level productivity of foreign-owned firms in Ireland. The analysis of agglomeration economies, consisting of internal economies of scale, localization economies, related variety and urbanization economies, has a strong pedigree in regional economics literature. Increasingly, however, alternative explanations of firm-level productivity performance have been explored with institutional and cognitive proximity often identified as other important determinants of performance. This paper presents an analysis of the importance of agglomeration economies (based on geographical proximity) versus institutional and cognitive proximity (which may be a-spatial). Design/methodology/approach: A series of measures capturing regional level agglomeration economies are generated as well as measures of institutional and cognitive proximity. The impact of these effects on foreign-owned firm-level productivity is analysed using data from the Irish Census of Industrial Local Units 2009. The estimation method employed is general method of moments (GMM) which allows for the potential endogeneity of variables within the system of analysis. Findings: The results reveal that institutional proximity has a positive impact on productivity. A possible reason for this result is that local units of the same nationality are sharing knowledge in relation to successfully conducting business in Ireland. However, cognitive proximity is found to be statistically insignificant. Agglomeration economies are also important with urbanization economies and the availability of skilled labour having a positive effect on productivity. Originality/value: The key contributions of this paper are as follows; firstly, the paper provides the first test of the institutional and cognitive proximity hypotheses on productivity while also controlling for a series of internal and external agglomeration economies. Secondly, the analysis considers, firm level, regional level and national level indicators as determinants of firm's productivity. In combining micro and macro level indicators, the paper attempts to answer the call of Van Oort et al. (2012) for such analyses. Thirdly, the paper provides the first detailed examination of the role of 'proximity' on foreign-owned manufacturing firms in the Irish context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. China's Green Urbanization in the Perspective of Ecological Civilization.
- Author
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ZHANG, Yongsheng
- Subjects
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URBANIZATION , *SUSTAINABLE development , *REGIONAL economics , *GROSS domestic product , *ECONOMIC activity - Abstract
This paper proposes a conceptual framework and a strategic idea for China's green urbanization from the perspective of ecological civilization. The existing urbanization model — whether the activities carried out in the city or the city's organization form — is largely a product of the traditional industrial era. China must think outside the traditional industrial box and promote green urbanization based on ecological civilization which is the fundamental solution to address the unsustainable development of cities. Green urbanization is more like "building cities in (natural) parks", rather than "building parks in existing cities", that is, creating a prosperous economy without destroying but making full use of the natural ecological environment. This means there will be profound changes to the development concept, the activity carried out in the city, the city's organizational logic, and the implications of the regional economy. China's green urbanization based on ecological civilization should focus on three basic tasks and two strategies. The three tasks are to reshape the existing cities, urbanize the newly added population in a green way, and redefine the rural areas. The two key strategies are to realize green urbanization of urban clusters that account for more than 90% of the national GDP, 70% of the total population, and 30% of the land area; and to urbanize county-level areas where about 60% of the national population resides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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