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Introduction Hardy personality construct as proposed by Kobasa is defined by three dimensions: engagement, control, and challenge. It was Originally designed to assess Hardy personality (HPA) in work environment. HPA has been accepted and validated in different Latin American countries, nonetheless, in Mexico, its psychometric properties haven't been validated. Aim: To analyze psychometric properties of HPA in Mexican adults. Methodology: A non-randomized sample of 357 adults participated and reported being healthy. HPA was adapted to face ordinary life. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis allowed to estimate three models, the one that showed better adjustment of fit was the trifactorial (engagement, control, and challenge) with a second-order factor (hardy personality), internal consistency of HPA was acceptable and construct validity indicated positive correlations in HPA dimensions with life satisfaction, optimism, and general efficacy, and negative correlations with axiety and social disfunction. Conclusions: Results indicated that HPA has satisfactory psychometric properties and that can be used to assess hardy personality (engagement, control, and challenge) in Mexican adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the relationship between hardiness personality and workers' voluntary resignation from call center jobs. The aim is to understand the decision to leave through a subject's personality. The hardiness personality questionnaire developed by Moreno, Garrosa and Gonzalez (2000) was administered to a sample of 81 telemarketers. A higher probability of voluntary resignation was found in those with low hardiness personality as well as in those with higher levels of education. The greater permanence of workers with a high level of hardiness personality shows that there are individual traits that facilitate the way in which the worker deals with the demands and the perception of the work setting, which influences the voluntary resignation decision in this type of organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An approach to the psychological profile of vulnerability to the injury of the athlete has become necessary in competitive sports. Subjects consisted of a total of sample were 285 males (23 non-injured) and 168 females (24 non-injured). The male athletes had an average age of 21.77 years and the female athletes of 20.55 years. The sample consisted of athletes of individual sports (tennis, athletics and swimming) and players of team sports (football, basketball and handball) belonging to different sports clubs in the Valencian Community. A Sport Competitive Anxiety Test (SCAT) was used for the evaluation of competitive anxiety; an EPR scale was used to evaluate hardiness; a Competitiveness-10 scale was used to assess competitiveness; and a specific registration form was used for the assessment of injury. The study was carried out basing on a quantitative methodology. The design of the study was observational, descriptive and correlational. The study was based on the hypothesis: the number of injuries will increase with lower levels of hardiness and success-oriented motivation, and higher levels of competitive anxiety and motivation addressed to avoid failure. The objective was to analyze the differences in the number of injuries among athletes who had a profile of vulnerability to injury (low hardiness, high competitive anxiety, low motivation for success and high motivation oriented to avoid failure) against those who did not fit that profile. According to the theoretical foundation, those placed in this profile would be more susceptible to injury. However, the results of the study indicate that men with a profile of vulnerability to injury (who should sustain more injuries) suffered fewer moderate injuries, and the total number of injuries and rate of injury were lower. Results are discussed and some conclusions of the study are indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to analyze the burnout on nurses dedicated to inpatient psychiatric rehabilitation. This took into account the three specific dimensions of the syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of professional accomplishment), organizational type variables as potential sources of stress, the consequences for the physical, psychological, social and family labor and the role played in the development of this process of socio-demographic variables and personality. These data, which includes the questionnaire CDPE-A Moreno Jiménez, on a sample of 42 nurses Psychiatric Rehabilitation Hospital O Rebullón of Vigo (Spain), were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate a low presence of burnout syndrome in the study population. Low relevance of sociodemographic and work variables with significant bivariate level effects only in terms of age and children, and no main effects multivariate level. However we show high levels in all dimensions of the scale of hardiness, and strong coping mechanisms both directly and in the perception of social support, which makes it possible to interpret these variables may be intervening as protective factors against development of the syndrome and thus may serve as indicators of occupational health and quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The morphostructural analysis and psychological characteristics of firefighters are vital; specific physical and psychological levels are needed to meet the requirements of their work. It is essential to know biotype, personality resistance variables and level of burnout syndrome present in this population. We evaluated the profile of active volunteers in the cities of Valparaiso and Viña del Mar in Chile; 101 male volunteers, aged between 20 and 50 years were included in the study. Heath - Carter somatotype, Personality Resistance variables and level of Burnout Syndrome according to Jiménez Moreno methodology were applied. The results indicate a predominant somatotype as Endomesomorph, Endomorph 5.44±1.60; Mesomorph 6.17±1.37, Ectomorph 0.90±1.23. Personality resistance variable presented a high score, commitment 3.61±0.39, challenge 3.53±0.47, control 3.41±0.42. Burnout syndrome had a low factor rating 15.38±4.17, syndrome 18.79±4.10; consequences 5.64±1.98. There is a high endomorphic component increasing cardiovascular risk. Leg circumference is on the other hand, related to Personality resistance control, indicating that while perimeter is greater, the mark is lower for Burnout resistance syndrome. The lack of continuous and programmed physical activity in this population of volunteer firefighters is clearly reflected in their anthropometric characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: One of the most traditional approaches to the positive study of personality has been the research on Hardiness or Hardy Personality. However, studies about this construct have systematically suffered from a lack of sufficient psychometric guarantees of the measures. Method: This paper presents the Occupational Hardiness Questionnaire (OHQ), the result of a research line on the subject and its measurement with a total sample of 1,647 participants. Results: Four studies show the results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), consistency, temporal reliability and construct validity. Conclusions: Results indicate that the OHQ has satisfactory psychometric characteristics and can be used in the study of Occupational Health and in the area of Positive Personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of varying personality variables (such as some of the Big Five factors, or hardiness) through the application of a stress doping therapy. Twenty-six people participated from universities with high perceived stress, divided into two groups (treatment group and control group). The assessment instruments selected were classified into two groups: psychological and emotional variables and personality variables. The results showed that after the program, the experimental group showed a decline in scores of stress, psychopathology and worries. On the other hand, personality variables, interaction was found in the variables moment x group, optimism, extraversion factor and accountability, corresponding to the model of the Big Five factors showed increased scores on these variables. However, these changes were not in the control group. The hardy personality scores did not change in either group. This study tests the modulation of certain factors of personality through cognitive-behavioral therapy for stress management, after which beneficial effects are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses' practice involves working in complex organizational settings and facing multiple stressors over time that can lead to burnout. This study aimed to identify predictors of burnout among nurses working in hospitals. Method: A sample of 1,157 participants from four hospitals in the city of Porto (Portugal) was investigated (78% women, mean age = 34.7 years) using socio-demographic and work variable questionnaires, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), Personal Views Survey (PVS), Job Satisfaction Scale (S20/23), and Survey Work-Home Interaction - NijmeGen (SWING). Results: Multiple linear hierarchical regression analyses (stepwise method) showed that gender, age, years of experience at work, working in more than one institution, being involved in management positions, job satisfaction, hardiness, and experience of work-home and home-work interaction, seem to be predictors of burnout among nurses. Conclusions: This study adds support to the interactionist approach to burnout. In other words, it is crucial to investigate the relationship between several factors such as socio-demographic, work, and personality factors to understand burnout. Additionally, these findings should be taken into account when designing burnout prevention programs for nurses working in hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the relationships between hardy personality, perceived stress and psychological well-being in family caregivers of terminal cancer patients. Participants were 100 women, 27 to 68 years old, from Talcahuano (Chile). Results showed positive relationships between psychological well-being and hardy personality and negative relationships of perceived stress with both psychological well-being and hardy personality. Results also revealed that the commitment and challenge components of hardy personality had higher associations both with psychological well-being and perceived stress than the control participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the relationships between perceived stress, coping strategies and resistant personality in women undergoing treatment for infertility from Concepción (Chile). Participants were 115 women, 20 to 47 years old. Perceived stress presented negative relationships with the dimension of control of hardy personality and with Problem-solving coping and Positive reappraisal, and positive relationships with Overt emotional expression and Negative auto-focused coping. All the dimensions of resistant personality showed positive relationships with Problem-solving coping. Diverse explanatory factors for obtained results are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article has as a main objective to analyze from existing theories, the relationship between coping strategies, burnout syndrome, and engagement. Burnout Syndrome although developed in an organizational context is an individual syndrome and this already implies the existence of risk factors that become activated (either to allow an appearance by the Coping Strategies that are assumed or prevent their development - when there is engagement) in working contexts where there is the presence of high workload, low for the work done and employment context where participation is not allowed in decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hardiness is an individual characteristic which allows to coping with life stressors and turning them into advantages (Kobasa, 1979; Maddi, 2006). Their components of Commitment, Control & Challenge can protect the athletes against the unpredictable circumstances of endurance running. The purpose of this study was to compare for the first time the hardiness levels between two groups of endurance runners and to determinate if this levels were related with a successful race performance. Volunteers 130 (69 ultra trail and 61 10.06K) runners, ranged in age from 20 to 56 years (M = 35.4, SD 7.3), who completed the 30-item Hardiness for Marathoners Scale (EPRM) (Jaenes, Godot and Roman, 2008) during the day race. Mean analysis comparison revealed that there was no differences in hardiness levels between the two groups (Z = .280,p = .77), the fastest ultra trail race times were independent from high hardiness levels (r -.072,p = .30). Moreover, no differences in hardiness were found between ultra runners who finished the race and those who drop out (p = .78). The results suggest that high Hardiness levels arc a psychological characteristic of long distance runners. Furthermore, sport performance was not related with high Hardiness levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between burnout syndrome and two personality variables: Hardy Personality and Sense of Coherence, in order to determine whether these variables can be considered significant predictors of burnout. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 144 Intensive Care professionals who responded to several questionnaires: the Brief Burnout Questionnaire (CBB), Resistant Personality Questionnaire (CPR) and the Spanish version of the Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ-13). A higher than average level of burnout was detected in the population. There was a negative correlation between hardiness (globally and through its components) and burnout. No correlation was found between sense of coherence and burnout (except in the comprehension scale), nor between hardiness and sense of coherence (except in the comprehensibility and control dimensions). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that hardiness and comprehensibility (a sense of coherence component) modulate the effects of occupational stress (a burnout antecedent) on burnout syndrome. These results may be especially relevant when designing and implementing burnout prevention programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, research into non professional caregiving for dementia patients has increased, and has shown that such caregiving carries both negative and positive effects. Nevertheless, in spite of the growing influence of positive psychology, studies focused on resilience, hardiness and personal growth in caregivers remain fairly scarce. The present article aimed to systematically review the existing studies on this topic, analyzing nine studies that assess resilience, hardiness or growth in dementia patients' family caregivers. The features and results of these studies will be discussed, considering their implications for the study of, and attention to, caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hardy personality refers to a constellation of personality characteristics related to personal perceptions of control, commitment and challenges. This construct has been widely studied in relation to stress and its impact on health and work settings amongst others, but almost ignored in sport contexts. Nonetheless, the characteristics included in this construct are of great interest to playing sports and performance. The main aim of this study is to establish the hardy personality characteristics of a group of adult, Spanish marathon runners. The results obtained, unprecedented until now, have allowed us to establish that the levels of these athletes' perceptions of commitment, control and challenges are moderately high and that they have a notable impact on aspects of both motivation (established goals and expected outcomes) and performance (records achieved). Therefore, adequate training in these characteristics would lead to better performance levels. Furthermore, these athletes show higher levels of hardy personality than young and adult individuals from the general population, which may be a very relevant benefit of playing sport in everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to examine from an integrative approach to what extent occupational stressors when in combination with other variables that have accredited their explicative value in accounting for teacher distress in other domains (personal, psychosocial and outside the occupational sphere) contribute to predicting and/or explaining the different components of burnout. The sample consists in 1386 secondary education teachers. The statistical results obtained confirm for all dimensions in the syndrome the explanatory role of occupational stressors related with student disruptive behaviours/attitudes and disciplinary issues (conflict management and lack of support/consensus). The remaining variables in the study (Type A pattern, optimism, hardiness, friend and family support, life events) also contribute to accounting for burnout, albeit to a lesser extent than occupational factors. Results not only confirm the suitability of the selected variables but also the necessity to design integration studies in which, besides another type of determinants, to include variables from the occupational domain. In other words, our findings suggest that student disruptive behaviour, the difficulties experienced by teachers in managing conflict and the lack support/consensus as regards disciplinary actions are 'necessary' ingredients if we are to successfully predict burnout in secondary school teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]