Search

The concept of syntax has changed over time according to various linguistic theories in which it has been conceived. This fact has had an impact on operative conceptions about this phenomenon and, therefore, on the selection of units of analysis and on the procedures used for its assessment. The debate plays a key role when it comes to accounting for both the initial acquisition and late language development (Berman, 2004). Within the ongoing FONDECYT Project Nº 1100600, the objective of this article is to give an account of the evolution of the concept of syntax and the procedures to study empirically this phenomenon. For this purpose, the main linguistic theories are revisited as well as the way in which these have assessed syntactical development. Traditional theories which assume that syntactic maturity implies larger number of elements per sentence are reviewed. Later on, Hunt's (1965, 1970) proposal, which helps measure terminal minimal units (Unit-T) and is influenced by generativism, is presented. Finally, Berman's "clause packaging", a unit of analysis that functions as an interface between syntax and discourse (Katzenberger, 2003; Berman, 2004; Nir and Berman, 2010) is presented. Findings help to see an evolution map that addresses from an isolated view of this phenomenon to an integrated view of syntax in discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  The seismic activity of the Guardamar-Torrevieja zone (Eastern Betic Cordillera, SE Spain) can be associated with the Bajo Segura fault zone, an E-W reverse blind fault with secondary NW-SE dextral faults. A high-precision levelling profile 30 kilometers long was set up and levelled in 1997 to monitor the vertical displacement of this active fault zone. This profile runs parallel to an older high-precision levelling line included in the Spanish first order levelling network measured by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) in two different campaigns (1934 and 1976). The 1997 line was relevelled in 2003 and 10 new benchmarks were set up, both to increase benchmark density and to restore some of the 1997 benchmarks that had been destroyed. We have used the 1976 IGN and the 2003 measurement to construct a recent vertical movements profile with a significant time difference (27 years). This recent vertical movements profile shows that the vertical movements are very small, nearly equal to the error bars, with a 0.2 mm/year rise in the town of Guardamar, and a 0.2 mm/year subsidence of the southern part of the profile (Punta Prima) respect to the town of Torrevieja. These movements could be related to the activity of the Bajo Segura and the San Miguel faults respectively. Using geological markers we have deduced uplift rates of 0.1 mm/year during the last 3 million years. Therefore, these preliminary results indicate that geodetically (short-term deformation) determined uplift rates are similar to those estimated from geological markers (long term deformation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]