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The geographic provenance of minerals provides key insights into a range of geologic problems, including the source of gem materials. The tourmaline supergroup is unparalleled in its ability to record and preserve extensive chemical signatures of its formational environment. To evaluate the likelihood that tourmalines of similar compositions from separate geographic localities could be differentiated, a multivariate statistical approach has been utilized on two complementary data sets. These chemical analytical data sets of copper-bearing "Paraíba" tourmaline include data sets acquired with Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA). Fifty-four samples of copper-bearing tourmalines from known source locations from Brazil (São José de Batalha of Paraíba state and the neighboring Rio Grande do Norte state), Mozambique, and Nigeria, were analyzed using LIBS with a subset of these samples analyzed by EMP. Data sets obtained by each method were evaluated with multivariate statistics (PCA, PLSR). Although the sample set is limited, sequential PLSR modeling of the spectra clearly distinguished the four localities with high success: >95% for LIBS and >87% for EMP. The statistical analyses of the two techniques, LIBS and EMP, suggest that each technique emphasizes different elements for discrimination when considered in the context of the available data. The elements Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg, Ti, Zn, K, H, Co, and V were significant in LIBS chemometric models. Statistically significant elements in EMP models were Mn, Cu, Al, Ca, K, and F. Each technique results in a robust determination for geographic provenance of tourmalines with comparable compositions. The significant distinguishing chemical elements reflect geochemical distinctions in each host environment that are imparted on the tourmaline. Multivariate statistics applied to LIBS and EMP data provide an effective tool for provenance discrimination of Paraíba tourmalines, distinguishing Brazilian-sourced samples from African-sourced materials. These data provide new methods for separating the geographic origin of minerals with very similar composition such as demonstrated here for copper-bearing tourmalines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'article vise à discuter la dynamique de la conquête du territoire de Paraíba par les Portugais ainsi que le processus de peuplement qui a suivi la mise en oeuvre de la domination portugaise en 1585. Le développement du texte est éclairé par l'approche de la géographie critique qui affirme, d'une part, que l'espace est produit du processus de génération des conditions matérielles de vie et, d'autre part, que l'espace des économies sous-développées est constitué de manière subordonnée aux intérêts des économies développées. La démarche méthodologique utilisée s'est basée sur une recherche bibliographique sur les deux thèmes abordés, a savoir: la conquête et le peuplement de l'espace colonial de Paraíba. La structure de l'ouvrage comprend une introduction et trois autres sections, en plus des considérations finales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new termite species, Cryptotermes pugnus sp. nov., is described from northeastern Brazil. The winged imago of C. pugnus is distinguished from most congeners by the lack of arolia and the multiple branches connecting the median vein to the radial sector. The soldier is unique among South American Cryptotermes by its cuboidal head capsule and very rugose postclypeus. The new species constitutes the fourteenth Cryptotermes species on the continent for which we provide a key to soldiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Northeast Brazil is a region with great international tourist potential. Among the states that make up this region, Paraíba stands out due to the presence of vulnerable groups and factors that contribute to adverse outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological data on the incidence, mortality, and case fatality of COVID-19 in Paraíba. An ecological, population-based study was performed, with data extracted from the Brazilian Ministry of Health database. All cases and deaths from COVID-19 from March 2020 to December 2022 were included. The time series was built by applying the Prais–Winsten regression model, and the daily percent change was calculated to analyze the trends. The highest case fatality of the entire period was in April 2020 (7.8%), but in March 2021, the state broke the dismal record of 1248 deaths and the highest mortality rate (30.5 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). Stationary mortality and case fatality were better in 2022; however, in February 2022, the mortality rate was at levels similar to the same month of the previous year. These results illustrate that COVID-19 is evolving and needs to be constantly monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I present some results of the postdoctoral research conducted from September 2021 to August 2023 at the Centro de Estudos Sociais of the Universidade de Coimbra, under the supervision of Professor Marta Araújo. I discuss trauma memory/resistance memories (Vecchi, 2020), territory, decolonial museum (Vergès, 2017), and oralituras (Leda Maria Martins, 2003), concepts/approaches that help us think about the patrimonialization of culture, anti-racist education, and narratives of terreiro peoples about and from cities. I traverse the narrative of violence against terreiro peoples in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, taking as examples the acts of vandalism against the statue of Iemanjá, the Santinha, erected on Cabo Branco beach, the easternmost point of the Americas. Along this path, I present questions and some proposals to think about cities as theaters of memory or as forums (Rahul Rao, 2016), and narratives of women, primarily, as guides for the journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although droughts can inflict extreme damage on populations, few studies have characterized drought events in arid and semiarid regions around the globe due to the lack of reliable data. Therefore, precipitation estimates from remote sensing satellites have been increasingly used. In this study, the performance of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite rainfall estimates in monitoring the spatiotemporal patterns of drought at multiple time scales over Paraíba state is evaluated. The drought events are characterized by their quantity, duration, severity, intensity, frequency, and percentage of the area affected, and analyses are performed both for individual points and for four mesoregions at eight different time scales. The results indicate that short-term drought events occur more frequently but are less long-lasting and severe than long-term drought events. On the other hand, relevant changes in the average intensity of events cannot be identified among the time scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study reports a research experience carried out in the undergraduate discipline Applied Research in Journalism, at the Federal University of Paraíba, which mapped the reality of independent journalism in Paraíba, developed in blogs, websites and portals. The Inves-tigation involved a collective work between students, moni-tors and professor. The work was based on previous research carried out in several Brazilian universities and aimed to update the database collected by Agência Pública (2022), on independent journalism in Brazil. It is worth mentioning that the present investigation managed to identify an embryonic phenomenon in the region, with only 3 initiatives without defined funding and that produce their own content. It was concluded that there is a need for further research to present a more complete overview of independent journalism produced in the region through the web. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tribe Bignonieae with approximately 393 species, represents the largest tribe of Bignoniaceae. Most members of Bignonieae are tendrillate lianas, although some shrubs are also found within this clade. The Pico do Jabre, located at 1,197 m of altitude, represents the highest mountain in the state of Paraíba (Brazil) and an area of extreme biological importance. We conducted an inventory of the Bignonieae from the Pico do Jabre. We documented eight genera and 13 species, only Tanaecium parviflorum is a shrub. The most diverse genera recorded are: Tanaecium (3 spp.), Amphilophium (2 spp.), Bignonia (2 spp.) and Xylophragma (2 spp.). Anemopaegma, Cuspidaria, Dolichandra and Pyrostegia are represented by a single species each. Six species are new records for the region (i.e., Bignonia ramentacea, B. sciuripabulum, Tanaecium cyrtanthum, T. dichotomum, Xylophragma harleyi and X. heterocalyx). Tanaecium cyrtanthum, X. harleyi and X. heterocalyx are new records for the state of Paraíba. Prior to this study, Xylophragma heterocalyx was only known from the type specimen, from Minas Gerais, representing a new record for the Caatinga. The high number of new records found in this study highlights the importance of regional floristic inventories for the documentation of new species occurrences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Species in the Adelophryne genus consist of diminutive, agile, and secretive frogs that inhabit forest leaf litter and have direct development. Species richness within Adelophryne was previously underestimated, and several new species have recently been described. Here, we describe a new species of Adelophryne from the Atlantic Forest in the Brazilian states of Alagoas, Pernambuco, and Paraíba. The new species is characterized by its small body size, small and distinct tympanum, toes with subarticular tubercles, fingers mucronate, three phalanges in the Finger IV, and an advertisement call composed of one single pulsed note with a high dominant frequency. The new species is phylogenetically related to other Adelophryne species of the Northern Atlantic Forest Clade and is endemic to the "Pernambuco Endemism Center" in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: Certain ocular resident or pathogenic microbes may remain viable in the presence of multi-purpose disinfectant solutions (MPDSs), subsequently developing biofilms inside contact lens storage cases (CLSCs) which pose a risk of infection to wearers. This study evaluated the formation of ocular microbiota biofilms exposed to three top selling MPDS. METHODS: Crystal violet assay was carried out for the verification of biofilm formation. The in vitro assays evaluated Pseudomonas aeruginosa UFPEDA 416 and Staphylococcus aureus UFPEDA 02 exposure of 48 h to MPDS, as well as the use of 40 KHz ultrasound at the beginning and with 24 h immersion in the MPDS. Subsequently, in vivo assays evaluated the formation of microbial biofilms on the CLSC walls containing silicone-hydrogel contact lenses immersed in MPDS from 15 healthy volunteer patients, who had been wearing the lenses for 7 days. RESULTS: Biofilms were inhibited by 26%–98% in the in vitro assays, with a statistically significant difference only for P. aeruginosa UFPEDA 416 exposed to diluted MPDS. Most inhibitions occurred moderately and weakly. In addition, adherent cells were detected in more than 90% of the tests. Biofilm was not inhibited in more than one third of the results, nor was it disturbed, especially with the ultrasound treatments. The average of obtained optical densities at 590 nm was between 0.6 and 0.8 in the in vivo assays. The results were similar between the CLSC right and left wells. There was a correlation between microbial biofilm formation and the type of MPDS tested, with statistical difference between the three treatments. CONCLUSION: MPDS promoted a partial inhibition of microbial biofilm formation but only one MPDS proved to be more effective in vitro and in vivo. This study, however, could not distinguish the effect of possible errors in the good hygiene practices of the users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the approval of the Law 13.415/2017 that changed the Brazilian secondary school and allowed greater flexibilization on its subjects and curricular content to be available on the educational offer, the state education networks underwent building curricular proposals oriented by the Base Nacional Comum Curricular. This paper aims to analyze the initial implementation paths of the curricular proposal under discussion in the state of Paraíba, compared to the already completed elaboration of the state of São Paulo. Built with Apple and Gramsci theoretical basis, the paper seeks, in the first place, to apprehend the meaning of the race of hegemony in the field of the educational reformation, based on the power relations in the elaboration of the curriculum, as well as the influence of the neoliberal mindset on these reformations. Secondly, this paper undertakes a comparative analysis of the proposals between the two state education networks, focusing on the area of Humanities and Social Sciences, for methodological purposes. Within this comparison, it shows divergence amongst the two curriculum formulations, although they have the national reformation policy, due to its different approaches -- São Paulo taking more of an operational driven guideline, whereas the state of Paraíba proceeded with a more pluralist vision of schoolar curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It deals with the report on the 4th National Week of Archives (SNA) held between 08 and 14 June 2020, promoted by the National Archives and the Casa de Rui Barbosa Foundation. In Paraíba it was organized by the Archival Studies Group (GEarq), in partnership with the following public institutions: Public Archive of the State of Paraíba (APEPB), Central Archive of the Federal University of Paraíba (ACE/UFPB), Casa de José Américo Foundation (FCJA), Paraíba State Public Ministry (MPPB), State Administration Secretariat (SEAD), Regional Electoral Court (TREPB), Paraíba State University (UEPB). The event had as its central: theme Empowering the Knowledge Society and took place online, in view of the covid-19 pandemic. The round tables and conversation circles can be accessed on the YouTube page of GEArq, the Casa de José Américo Foundation (FCJA) and the Archival Knowledge Seminar Project (SESA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to identify potentially collusive bidding schemes in municipal government biddings of Paraíba state during 2005 to 2016. Methodology: For this purpose, data from the Court of Auditors of the State of Paraíba and the Apriori machine learning algorithm were used to build association rules in a sample of 104 thousand biddings, with 60 thousand bidders. The association rules were evaluated considering patterns of cooperative strategies in repeated games, taking account the bid winner likelihood and the bidders competition on average. How companies mapped in the association rules were ranked by the firm's suspicion indicator (ISE), directly related to the probability of victory, association with false tests and spatially concentrated performance. ISE is a contribution proposed by this research. Findings: The results revealed indications of suspected collusion for various companies such as meals suppliers, cleaning services, rental of vehicles, copiers, stages, chemical toilets, fuel suppliers, automotive parts, sports equipments, medicines and hospital material, consulting in accounting, civil engineering and advertising, considering each of the three municipal management periods (2005-2008, 2009-2012 and 2013-2016). We also found several patterns of association between bidders with evidence of competition simulation and concentrated activity in a few municipalities. Contribution: the results, particularly by the firm's suspicion indicator, provide important initial guidelines to optimize inspection and auditing processes in justice control bodies, whose undisputed identification of a potential bidding fraud, necessarily, requires complementary and specific procedural evaluations for each case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The speed of Covid-19's space-temporal expansion on the five continents will be considered as mark of the rupture of the current global/capitalist logic, considering the socioeconomic consequences that will be left in all countries. In the case of Brazil, the situation becomes even more complicated due to the political classes between the Federal Government and the State Governments, the result of which makes any precision regarding the control of the disease and reduction of lehality unpredictable, as in the cases evidenced in the first 45 days of registration. Covid-19 officers in the State of Paraiba. Thus, this article seeks to analyze the progress of Covid-19 in the state of Paraiba and the profile of patients who died in the first forty-five days of registered cases. For this research, the following steps were performed: a) survey of references; b) documentary survey; c) survey of statistical data; d) spatialization of Covid-19 cases in the state of Paraiba. As main results, it was noticed that the advance of Covid-19 in the State of Paraiba occurred initially following the course of the main highways of the state, arriving to municipalities of greater centrality, and of these for municipalities of smaller; with the exception of imported cases. Mortality data point to a greater vulnerability of people over forty years old, worsening for patients over sixty years old. Among the most significant comorbidities that lead to death it seems so far to be: diabetes, hypertension and heart disease in general. The sources of data, indicators and variables are available at various electronic addresses, requiring systematization efforts in future works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the toxic agents that can threaten human health, the scorpions are the ones that cause the most accidents in Paraiba territory. For the ministry of health, four species of the genus Tityus have medical importance in Brazil, due to your adaptation capacity in urban environments, pathogenic reproduction and the toxicity of its venom. The aim of this study was to report the scorpions species that have medical importance in the state of Paraiba. It is a literature review, descriptive and qualitative, based on documents obtained from Scielo, Lilacs, UnB Repository, Fiocruz and the Ministry of Health database. It was considered the documents published in the period of 2014 to 2019. Were also collected intoxication data available by SINITOX for the period from 2009 to 2013. Two species are responsible for scorpionic accidents: T. serrulatus e T. stigmurus, the latter being considered the main etiological agent in the state. In the period of 2009 to 2013, Paraiba was the state of the Northeast region which most reported the occurrence of accidents involving scorpions, with 11.243 cases. The higher number of notifications occurred in 2012 (2.467) and the smallest in 2013 (1.946). The scorpionic accidents are the main cause of intoxication in the state, while the medicines are the mainly responsible in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text aims to analyze the epidemics of yellow fever in the territory of Paraíba in its epidemic attacks in which it devastated the population with its "deadly poison", especially in the years 1850 and 1926. A yellow, poisonous, feverish, morbid story. Methodologically, I appropriate the concept of monumentalization of the document proposed by Jacques Le Goff (1994) to think about the writing of the history of diseases. It is concluded that during the epidemic outbreaks, Paraíba lived a period of disorganization and social reorganization through a war battle against the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past decade Graphidaceae has stood out as one of the families with the highest number of newly described species in Brazil. In this paper we describe further five new species of Graphidaceae found in an enclave of humid forest (Brejo de Altitude) in the Caatinga, and in the Atlantic Forest of Northeast Brazil: Chapsa inspersa E.L.Lima & Lücking, differing from C. dissuta in the inspersed hymenium and larger ascospores with more numerous septa; Cryptoschizotrema minus E.L.Lima & Lücking, differing from C. schizotrema in the distinctly smaller ascospores; Diorygma sophianum E.L.Lima & Lücking, differing from D. junghuhnii in the laterally carbonized excipulum and the slightly larger ascospores, as well as the presence of lichexanthone; Graphis subfiliformis E.L.Lima & Lücking, differing from G. filiformis in the thick, shallowly verrucose thallus and thalline margin of the lirellae and in the larger ascospores; and Sarcographa atlantica E.L.Lima & Lücking, differing from S. astroidea (Vain.) Lücking comb. nov. in the larger ascospores with more numerous septa. We also provide a range and habitat extension for Diorygma alagoense M.Cáceres & Lücking, an enigmatic species with a peculiar chemistry of thallus and ascomata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to discuss the predominance of confessional establishments of secondary education in Paraíba, in the period of New State. The historical-educational research was developed according to the following theoretical-methodological procedures: bibliographic analyzes, among which we highlight the works of Abreu (2005), Dallabrida (2009), Horta (2012), Melo (1996), Cunha (2017); documentary survey, in two historical archives located in the city of João Pessoa, and analysis of documentation. Thus, we conclude that 69% of the educational establishments identified were of a confessional nature, which evidences the strength and influence of the Church in the Brazilian society at the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family farming supplies most of the food consumed in Brazil, the production units are diversified in relation to the level of technology used, the cultivated agricultural genres, the extension of the properties and the profile of the workforce employed in the maintenance of the management activities of agroecosystems. The Northeast region of Brazil stands out as having the largest number of familybased production establishments, among which the Nine States, the state of Paraíba stands out as one of the most representative in production. Given this reality, there is a need for studies that present the social, economic and environmental characteristics of these agroecosystems, emphasizing the management and maintenance of available natural resources, highlighting aspects of sustainability in these spaces. In this context, the present work aims to evaluate sustainability aspects of two family - based agroecosystems located in the municipality of Massaranduba, Agreste of Paraíba, in order to establish a comparison between their management systems. For the development of the research the MESMIS methodology was used, which has the characteristic of using a series of sustainability indicators, distributed in social, economic and environmental aspects to evaluate sustainability in agricultural environments. The results show that the agroecossystem 1, where it develops diversified crops and in a consortium system in the rainfed condition, presents the highest number of critical points in the management system, agroecossystem 2 specialized in organic olericulture in irrigated condition had the lowest number of points management, thus demonstrating a higher level of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Restinga forests are plant formations associated to the Atlantic Forest which still have not been much studied in terms of their mastofauna. The objective of the present work was to list for the first time the mammal species found in a Restinga on northeastern Brazil and show the similarities on species composition to other areas of the same environment and of Atlantic Forest. Our records were based on several complementary approaches: field survey, interviews, and museum collections. Subsequently, we performed similarity analysis between Restinga areas along Brazil and Atlantic Forest areas. We found a total of 30 species of mammals distributed in 28 genera, 16 families and 7 orders for Restinga of Mataraca. Species richness was similar to other Restinga areas and similarity analyzes pointed out that Restingas are more closely related to adjacent Atlantic Forest areas than to other Restingas in the country. This suggests that Restingas do not exhibit an autochthone fauna, but rather a faunal subsample of neighbor Atlantic Forest. Therefore, conservations policies for the Restinga habitat depends not only on actions focused on this habitat, but on initiatives that encompass nearby Atlantic Forest remnants, allowing the connectivity between these habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scale of impact that the São Francisco River transposition project will have on the drainage basins ichthyofauna is still unclear, however, changes in the fish community diversity and abundance is probable. Surveys and registries of the fish fauna within key systems of the catchment basins are priority actions for the conservation of the aquatic diversity. This study conducted a taxonomic survey of the Epitácio Pessoa (Boqueirão municipality) and Argemiro de Figueiredo (Itatuba municipality), reservoirs ichthyofauna, both belonging to the Paraíba do Norte River basin, important socioeconomic and environmental systems for the transposition project. Monthly sampling was carried out between October/2014 to September/2015 in the upstream and downstream zones of the reservoirs. The specimens were collected using dip nets, drag nets, and sieves, and placed on ice in the field. Later in the laboratory, they were transferred to 10% formaldehyde and then preserved in 70% alcohol. A total of 2,328 specimens were collected representing five orders, 14 families, and 31 species in both systems. At the upstream zones 2057 specimens were collected representing 17 species, and at the downstream zones 271 specimens were collected representing 24 species. Of the 31 species recorded, 13 species are endemic to watersheds that drain rivers from the Brazilian semi-arid region, and seven species (Apareiodon davisi, Characidium bimaculatum, Hypostomus pusarum, Parotocinclus jumbo, P. spilosoma, Pimelodella enochi, and Prochilodus brevis) are endemic to the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga Ecoregion (MNCE). Among the latter, Parotocinclus spilosoma and Pimelodella enochi are endemic to the Paraíba do Norte River. Apareiodon davisi is classified as Endangered according to the current published Brazil's official list of endangered species of fish and aquatic invertebrates. This pre-transposition ichthyofaunistic survey will serve as a basis for future post-transposition analyzes, considering this action will change the scope of the ecosystems diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geographic ranges in Brazil of 4 species of Neriidae are widened. New records are recorded of the following species and Brazilian states: Eoneria blanchardi Aczél, 1951 from Pernambuco and Paraíba, Glyphidops carrerai Aczél, 1961 and Glyphidops filosus (Fabricius, 1805) from Bahia and Paraíba, and Nerius pilifer Fabricius, 1805 from Paraíba. A referential map is included to these species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of country and city as antagonistic spaces that gradually grow distant from each other and that are doomed to be separated has lost validity regarding the spatial dynamics itself. This latter's essence is in the reconstruction of histories and spaces through individual and collective actions, which shape objects and ascribe them with new roles in a continuous process of renewal. Aiming to analyze the hybrid relationship between city and country spaces in Paraíba and Rio de Janeiro -- states of Brazilian northeast and southeast, respectively --, this study has considered tourist activities related to the production and reproduction of these spaces. It focuses mainly on the country, where traditional rural functions such as producing food for the city and providing workforce and raw material, share space with non-farming activities such as industry production and tourism services due to the spread of leisure areas in the rural space. This growth of non-farming activities results from technological developments represented by improvements and expansion of communication devices (telephony) and structures (roads and transportation). It contributes to the emergence of relations between the city and the country. Among socio-spatial and cultural changes in the country, tourism appears as a national way of valuing the rural space and its characteristics that reproduce a country and country life subjected to forces of nature, although technical elements typical of contemporary urban life such as infrastructure and communication had been already absorbed by the countryside. This article presents a geographical and critical treatment of the relationship between the country and the city relatively to tourism based on scientific works (academic articles, dissertations, and theses). Its sources include documents of agencies responsible for tourist activities in Paraíba and Rio de Janeiro as well as observations in loco. It analyzes such hybrid relationship to try to unravel how it is inscribed in each state territory and how touristic activity helps developing and maintaining rural activities in Paraíba and Rio de Janeiro country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paraíba se ha destacado en los últimos años como granero de atletas que comenzaron sus carreras en las escuelas de fútbol y se destacaron actuando por grandes clubes de Brasil y del exterior, y muchos de los cuales fueron convocados más tarde a la selección brasileña. Este estudio tiene como objetivo mostrar las prácticas e influencias que las escuelas de fútbol reproducen en las carreras de los atletas paraibanos que llegó a la selección brasileña, a través de una revisión de la literatura de naturaleza exploratoria. La historia de atletas paraibanos que llegó a la selección brasileña comenzó con los atletas Índio (Ex - Flamengo), Assis Paraiba (Ex - Reef Club Sport) y Rinaldo (Ex - Sao Paulo), que aun sin haber ido a las escuelas de fútbol fueron destaque en los clubes que actuaron en los años 1950 a 1990. En la secuencia, otros atletas han logrado la misma hazaña, ejemplo Junior (Ex - Flamengo), Marzinho (Ex - Vasco da Gama), Marcelinho Paraíba (Ex - Sao Paulo) Fabio Bilica (Ex - Bahía Vitória) y más recientemente, Givanildo Hulk (Ex - Victoria). La historia de éxito de los atletas paraibanos para llegar a la selección brasileña nos condujo a la pregunta ¿cuál es la importancia de las escuelas de fútbol en la formación de paraibanos atletas que llegaran a la selección brasileña? En general, las escuelas de fútbol han cumplido con su papel en la formación y desarrollo de los atletas jóvenes para el fútbol brasileño, como puede verse en el ejemplo de Paraiba ha puesto de manifiesto varios atletas que vinieron a la selección brasileña. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Siphonops paulensis Boettger, 1892 is a Neotropical siphonopid caecilian widely distributed in South America. Herein, we fill knowledge gaps in the distribution of S. paulensis mostly in northeastern Brazil, including four new state records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article results from a doctoral research dedicated to legal history of the early modern period as from the case of the ouvidores of the Captaincy of Paraiba. In colonial Brazil, the ouvidores corresponded to judges appointment by the king. They had as jurisdiction the territory of comarca and worked at an intermediate level between ordinary judges and the Courts of Appeal (Bahia and Rio de Janeiro), being one of the main agents responsible for the administration of justice in this space. The ouvidoria of the Captaincy of Paraiba was established in the late seventeenth century and, since its creation until the late eighteenth century, twenty two magistrates have gone through the same. It is proposed here to analyze the prosopographical profile (geographical and social backgrounds and career) of these graduates, seeking to understand similarities and/or differences with the standards set by historiography of the Portuguese empire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports the first record of Ametrida centurio in the Atlantic Forest, including its occurrence in the state of Paraíba, which extends the known distribution for this species ca. 1,500 km from its easternmost locality. The record was made in the Guaribas Biological Reserve, state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study proposes to analyze the insertion of elements of indigenous culture in the stories in comics from Paraíba, taking as a case study the magazine A União em Quadrinhos: Itabira, inimigos e amantes, launched in August 2000. We aim to make this work a rescue this popular culture and see how it is set within a medium of mass communication that traditionally declines to about aspects linked more to stereotypes and archetypes, many connected to a more American culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at analyzing the evolution of agriculture in the state of Paraíba in the last two decades. To carry out the work, information was collected on the following data sources: IPEADATA (Database of the Institute for Applied Economic Research), the Agricultural Census of Paraíba in1995/1996 and 2006; the Municipal Agricultural Production and Livestock; the National Survey Household Sample Survey (PNAD 2009): in SEDAP (Secretary of State for Development of Agriculture and Fisheries); the Central Bank of Brazil; and INCRA (National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform). The study shows that the Paraíba agricultural sector has suffered a major crisis. Its share in the GDP state has regressed. Agricultural production is concentrated in a few products. The herds are practically parked. The level of poverty is high. Public policies applied to the agriculture sector have not been able to reverse the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structures of two elbaites from the Paraiba deposit with copper contents of 3.51 and 1.61 wt% CuO [a = 15.881(1), 15.840(3); c = 7.112(1), 7.1028(9), respectively], as well as a synthetic Cu-bearing olenite with a CuO content of 8.39 wt% [a = 15.840(4), c = 7.091(1)] have been refined to R-indices of 2.2, 3.1, and 4.1% using X-ray single-crystal diffraction. On the basis of original and published data (for six structures) the crystal-chemical relationships of copper-bearing tourmalines has been analyzed. It is shown that copper cations and cations of other 3d elements (Mn, Zn, Fe) occupy almost exclusively the Y site. Such an ordered distribution results in a change of the size of the Y-octahedra. There is an inverse correlation between the content of 3d elements (mainly Cu2+ cations) and Al3+-cations in the Y-octahedron and also between the value of and the content of Al3+ cations in the Y site. The direct correlation between values of -distance in the structures of Cu-bearing elbaites and the parameters (a, c) of the unit cell have been found. Distortions of polyhedra in the structures of Cu-bearing elbaites are similar, and significantly higher than those present in the structure of the synthetic Cu-bearing olenite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new species of the genus Polymeridium are described from Brazil. All exhibit at least one character that was previously unknown in the genus: P. corticatum has a corticate thallus and 2 ascospores per ascus, P. immersum has the ascomata deeply immersed in the bark under the thallus, P. isohypocrellinum has a red, KOH+ green pigment (iso-hypocrellin) in the ostiole, P. julelloides has short and broad muriform (Julella-like) ascospores, and P. paraproponens has ascomata in groups of two to three. Brazil is clearly the centre of diversity of the genus. Iso-hypocrellin is a new substance for the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article aims to do a reading about the campaign for governor of Paraiba in 1960. We focus our discussion as the leading candidate, Pedro Moreno Gondim, raised throughout the campaign period, proper elements of political culture and history of the state, aiming to gain political legitimacy. Used as sources for our analysis of the speeches Gazette Borborema, North Union and dialogue over the text with the theorists who discuss the universe of political theatrics, particularly Geertz (1998) and Balandier (1982), because we understand that rhetoric used during the campaigns are plays that contribute to sediment identification between the candidates and the public, subject to any dispute process that involves symbolic politics. Thus, we see the constant onslaught of the candidate to take for himself the spoils of political names like the former state governor, Joao Pessoa, besides the constant evocation of aspects such as bravery, courage, boldness, which make up the imaginary mythical of Paraíba. Thus, the articulation of the image of Pedro Gondim with such evidence of identity, is a beautiful backdrop for the staging of the theater of his campaign, victorious, the Government of the State of Paraíba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We estimated spatial hierarchal variances and age-group covariances for seroprevalence to Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo (LeptoH), bovine viral-diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) among 2343 cattle from 72 properties sampled in the State of Paraíba, Brazil in 2000. From each property, eight animals in each of the four age categories were evaluated. The age categories studied were: pre-weaned (0–6 months), young (7–18 months), replacement (19–30 months) and mature (>30 months). Overall seroprevalence to LeptoH was 16.0% and showed clustering at all levels of the spatial hierarchy and had a high posterior probability of being negatively correlated between replacement and mature groups within herds. Seroprevalence to BoHV-1 was 46.6% and demonstrated very little clustering among levels of the spatial hierarchy and was positively correlated between young and replacement groups within herds. Seroprevalence to BVD was 22.2% and was strongly clustered within herds and was positively correlated between young and replacement age groups within herds. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

On the basis of new collections from the Sergipe and Camamu (Bahia) basins, revision of previously described material from the Pernambuco–Paraíba Basin and a reassessment of previous descriptions, five species of the pectinid bivalve Neithea are described from the Cretaceous of northeastern Brazil: N. (N.) alpina (d''Orbigny, 1847) from the Albian of the Camamu Basin; N. (N.) coquandi (Peron, 1877) from the Aptian–Cenomanian of the Sergipe Basin, the Albian of the Camamu Basin, broadly mid-Cretaceous beds of the Tucano Sul Basin (Bahia), and the Cenomanian of the São Luís Basin (Maranhão); N. (N.) hispanica (d''Orbigny, 1850) from the Albian–lower Turonian of the Sergipe Basin; N. (N.) bexarensis (Stephenson, 1941) from the Campanian of the Pernambuco–Paraíba Basin; N. (Neithella) notabilis (Münster in Goldfuss, 1833) from the Cenomanian of the Sergipe Basin. All species show a wide geographical distribution, in sharp contrast to previous studies that have indicated a highly endemic mollusc fauna in the Cretaceous of Brazil. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Within the context of their struggle against the Spanish world empire, the Dutch occupied the sugar producing Northeast of Brazil from 1634 until 1654. With the invasion came also the Reformed Church, first as military congregations, but soon settlers, company servants, merchants and others arrived. In all some 22 churches were planted along the coast, from Sergipe to Maranhão, served mostly by Dutch, but also by German, French, English and even Spanish preachers. One of them was the German Jodocus a Stetten. Once in Brazil (1632), he served mostly as a military chaplain. Fifteen years later, he was captured and taken to Bahia, home of the Portuguese governor and the Roman Catholic bishop. Word reached Recife that they would burn him so that he could never preach again. The Dutch tried in vain to exchange him for Portuguese prisoners. In 1651 he was transported to Portugal to be never heard again of. His widow received financial assistance for the family until her death in 1665. Several letters by Stetten survived in the Netherlands' National Archives in The Hague. One of these documents is an interesting report (1636) about his ministry in Paraíba: council meetings, baptisms, communion services, marriages, and diaconia. It is actually the first Reformed pastoral report from Latin America, certainly written as a defense during the time Stetten had been suspended temporarily from the ministry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought is a natural phenomenon that originates from the absence of precipitation over a certain period and is capable of causing damage to societal development. With the advent of orbital remote sensing, rainfall estimates from satellites have appeared as viable alternatives to monitor natural hazards in ungauged basins and complex areas of the world; however, the accuracies of these orbital products still need to be verified. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the performance of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite rainfall estimates in monitoring the spatiotemporal behavior of droughts at multiple temporal scales over Paraíba State based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) over 20 years (1998–2017). For this purpose, rainfall data from 78 rain gauges and 187 equally spaced TRMM cell grids throughout the region are used, and accuracy analyses are performed at the single-gauge level and in four mesoregions at eight different time scales based on 11 statistical metrics calculations divided into three different categories. The results show that in the mesoregions close to the coast, the satellite-based product is less accurate in capturing the drought behavior regardless of the evaluated statistical metrics. At the temporal scale, the TRMM is more accurate in identifying the pattern of medium-term droughts; however, there is considerable spatial variation in the accuracy of the product depending on the performance index. Therefore, it is concluded that rainfall estimates from the TRMM satellite are a valuable source of data to identify drought behavior in a large part of Paraíba State at different time scales, and further multidisciplinary studies should be conducted to monitor these phenomena more accurately based on satellite data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Paraíba state, precipitation is strongly affected by several climate systems, such as trade winds, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), easterly wave disturbances (EWDs), and the South Atlantic subtropical high. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to analyze the spatiotemporal variability in precipitation to identify homogeneous trends of that variable and the effects of climate systems in Paraíba state by cluster analysis. The precipitation data used in this study derive from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite for the period from January 1998 to December 2015, and hierarchical clustering was used to classify the sites into different groups with similar trends. The findings show an uneven spatiotemporal precipitation distribution in all mesoregions of the state and considerable monthly precipitation variation in space. The estimated precipitation depth was highest in coastal regions and in high-altitude areas due to orographic precipitation. In general, the precipitation over Paraíba is characterized by strong gradients in the coastal zone towards the continent (Agreste, Borborema, and Sertão mesoregions) and from north to south due to the physiography of the region and the effects of climate systems with different time scales. Finally, the proposed clustering method using TRMM data was effective in characterizing climatic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the discovery on new traits of the endangered Brazilian swallowtail Heraclides Himeros Baia. It discusses the propensity of the apecies to a similar method of transect counts in a given site as that of the other species of Heraclides. It also mentions the other traits of the species including those in the conservation area.