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Trials of a combined process of matrix conversion of propane–butane mixture and subsequent catalytic steam conversion of the matrix conversion product gas to a hydrogen-containing gas were performed. The optimum ranges of process parameters for the matrix conversion of the propane–butane mixture were determined. Introduction of the additional step of catalytic steam conversion allows improvement of the parameters of the matrix conversion product gas, of which the hydrogen content is the most important parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An effect of hydrogen additions to the initial mixture on the parameters of the oxidative cracking of propane at atmospheric pressure, temperatures of 500–750°C, reaction time of 2 s, and С3H8/О2 initial ratio ~2 was experimentally investigated. It was shown that small amounts of hydrogen promote the process due to the formation of additional active radicals OH• and H•. Performance of the oxidative cracking of propane in a large excess of hydrogen results in an increase in the yield of methane and ethane, while the yield of ethylene, the target product of the process, decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various options for designing the direct oxidation of natural gas to methanol are considered: flow-through, with a distributed supply of the oxidizer along the length of the reactor, and circulation. For each of the considered options for designing the process, the methanol yield was calculated, as well as the parameters at which the resulting blow-off gas can be used as a fuel. The optimal recycling rate in the circulation process has been determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trials of oxidative cracking of ethane—propane—n-butane mixtures were performed on an installation with the productive capacity with respect to the gaseous feed of 5 m3 h−1. Ethylene, CO, and hydrogen are the major products of oxidative cracking of oil refinery gases; their total yield can exceed 90%. The yield of ethylene and CO is determined by the total concentration of alkanes in the mixture and is independent on the length of their hydrocarbon chain, whereas the hydrogen yield appreciably decreases with an increase in the alkane chain length. The trials demonstrated high efficiency of the production of ethylene, CO, and hydrogen by oxidative cracking of oil refinery gas mixture components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of carbon monoxide and hydrogen additions on partial gas-phase high-pressure oxidation of methane was studied experimentally. The maximum permissible concentrations of these components in the recycled gas were determined. The optimum multiplicity of the hydrocarbon gas recycling in the process was substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flowsheets based on the results of experimental studies and detailed kinetic modeling were suggested for oxidative cracking of oil refinery gas components to obtain ethylene, CO, and hydrogen. The calculations show that oxidative cracking alone does not allow production of ethylene and СО in ratios required for the further catalytic carbonylation and hydroformylation of ethylene. Matrix conversion of a part of oxy-cracking products is suggested as an additional step for producing CO and hydrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect of hydrogen addition at [C2H6]/[H2] ratios of 10-0.05 on the oxy-cracking of ethane was experimentally studied. It was shown that small additions of hydrogen have nearly no effect on the process rate. With the concentration of added hydrogen increasing at temperatures of up to ~650°C, the contributions from the reactions of oxidation of both hydrogen itself and starting ethane becomes more pronounced, with water, carbon oxides, methane, and ethylene being the main reaction products. With increasing temperature, the influence exerted by small additions of hydrogen on the conversion of ethane and oxygen decreases. Performing the oxidative cracking in hydrogen at temperatures higher than 650°C demonstrated that hydrogen makes the conversion of ethane smaller and the expenditure of oxygen for oxidation of hydrogen grows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The conversion of hydrocarbons during the treatment of a methane-ethane mixture with a barrier discharge in an electrophysical setup was experimentally studied. The theoretical estimation of plasmakinetic processes occurring in a discharge was performed for the developed plasmachemical reactor using the ZDPlasKin algorithm. Experimental results were in agreement with theoretical estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]