1. Age-group associations of schistosomiasis prevalence from trial data, Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
- Author
-
Wiegand, Ryan E., Odiere, Maurice R., Kinung'hi, Safari, N'Goran, Eliézer K., Mwinzi, Pauline, and Secor, W. Evan
- Subjects
- *
SCHISTOSOMIASIS prevention , *FECAL analysis , *FECES , *PROBABILITY theory , *MEDICAL care , *AGE distribution , *DISEASE prevalence , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ISOQUINOLINE , *BIOLOGICAL assay , *SCHISTOSOMIASIS , *ANTIPARASITIC agents , *SCHOOL health services , *REGRESSION analysis , *DISEASE risk factors , *CHILDREN - Abstract
Objective To determine if the prevalence of schistosomiasis in children aged 9--12 years is associated with the prevalence in 5--8-year-olds and adults after preventive chemotherapy in schools or the community. Methods We combined data from four community-randomized, preventive chemotherapy trials in treatment-naïve populations in Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania during 2010--2016 according to the number of praziquantel treatments and the delivery method. Schistosoma mansoni infection was sought on two slides prepared from each participant's first stool using the Kato--Katz technique. We assessed associations between S. mansoni prevalence in 9--12-year-olds and 5--8-year-olds and adults in the community before and after treatment using Bayesian regression models. Findings Stool samples from 47 985 5--8-year-olds, 81 077 9--12-year-olds and 20 492 adults were analysed. We found associations between the prevalence in 9--12-year-olds and that in 5--8-year-olds and adults after preventive treatment, even when only school-age children were treated. When the prevalence in 9--12-year-olds was under 10%, the prevalence in 5--8-year-olds was consistently under 10%. When the prevalence in 9--12-year-olds was under 50%, the prevalence in adults after two or four rounds of preventive chemotherapy was 10%--15% lower than before chemotherapy. Post-chemotherapy age-group associations were consistent with pre-chemotherapy associations in this analysis and previous studies. Conclusion The prevalence of S. mansoni infection in 9--12-year-olds was associated with the prevalence in other age groups and could be used to guide community treatment decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF