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Dermatological disorders are frequently seen in an emergency care setting. Data suggest that up to 8% of emergency department cases are dermatology-related and may or may not be life-threatening.1 This review focuses on non-IgEmediated life-threatening mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reactions. Dermatology emergencies that involve severe or life-threatening disease include Steven-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), a drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), which are collectively referred to as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Erythroderma is also discussed in this review article as it represents skin failure that requires prompt management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much of what is known about non-resident fathers is based on studies conducted in North America and Europe, and on the accounts of only one family member. This article draws from a study which utilised a family systems perspective and obtained the views of four members of ten Black South African non-resident father families (N = 40) with infrequent father–child contact. The aim was to investigate if and how non-resident fathers' contact with adolescent children was influenced by relationships with various family members. Individual interviews were conducted with each of the family member and thematically analysed. Here, we engage with one of the master themes that shows the circular dynamic in families in which various family members held implicit assumptions about who was responsible for father–child contact and, subsequently, did not view the responsibility to be theirs. Infrequent or lack of non-resident father–child contact should therefore be addressed as a family systems issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To characterize the burden of uterine fibroids (UF) in individuals experiencing heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and moderate-to-severe UF-associated pain in terms of symptoms experienced, impact on work and activities, and pain medication use both on menstrual and non-menstrual days. Patients and Methods: This prospective, real-world, observational study enrolled 350 participants in the USA with a self-reported UF diagnosis, HMB, and moderate-to-severe pain due to UF. Data collection took place from February 9 to July 19, 2021. Over 4 months, participants used an online platform to self-report daily menstrual status, bleeding intensity, UF-associated pain severity, and pain medication use, and to complete weekly work and productivity questionnaires. Results were analyzed descriptively and are reported for the overall population, by pain medication subgroups—defined based on the most potent medication taken—and menstrual versus non-menstrual days/weeks. Results: The analysis population consisted of 307 participants with ≤ 5 consecutive missing days of daily survey responses or ≥ 75% completion rate of the daily surveys. Mean age of participants (standard deviation; SD) was 37.2 (6.3) years. At baseline, 54.1% of participants reported not currently taking medication for treatment of HMB. Over the study period, mean UF-associated pain scores (SD; scale range 0– 10) were higher on menstrual days (3.5 [2.7]) than non-menstrual days (1.0 [1.8]), and this was consistent across medication use subgroups. Pain medications were used more frequently on menstrual days than non-menstrual days (22.9% versus 3.7% days of pain medication use, respectively). Participants reported 31.5% work impairment on menstrual weeks versus a 12.7% work impairment on non-menstrual weeks. Conclusion: In this study, UF-associated pain symptoms coincided with a reduction in individuals' ability to take part in both work and non-work activities and an increase in pain medication use, particularly during menstrual weeks. These results highlight the need for improved diagnosis and pain management strategies in UF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Materials and Methods Results Conclusion This study aims to inform about the clinical image, diagnostic possibilities, and treatment options for cats and dogs diagnosed with ocular encephalitozoonosis.Medical records of 7 dogs and 75 cats with ocular encephalitozoonosis presented at the Clinical Unit of Ophthalmology of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna between 08/2006 and 02/2022 have been compiled. Diagnosis was based on the presence of cataracts and positive antibody titer against Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Patient history, details on the characteristics of the cataracts, level of antibody titers, and the treatment regimen were summarized, as are the results of histological stainings of surgical samples to determine the presence of Encephalitozoon cuniculi, as well as PCR analyses to identify its sub‐strains.Our analysis of the clinical data shows that focal cortical anterior cataracts often associated with anterior uveitis and lesions in the fundus are the most prevalent manifestation of ocular encephalitozoonosis in cats and dogs.Serological testing and PCR analysis of lens material are the most important diagnostic tools. Timely phacoemulsification with adjuvant anti‐inflammatory and antiparasitic medication is the most promising therapy for Encephalitozoon cuniculi‐induced cataracts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, catena-poly[[triaquasodium]-di-μ-aqua-[triaquasodium]- μ-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis[(3-methoxypropyl)phosphinodithiolato]], [Na2(C10H22- O2P2S4)(H2O)8]n, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1. The dianionic [CH3O(CH2)3P( S)(S—)CH2CH2P( S)(S—)(CH2)3OCH3]2- ligand fragments are joined by a dicationic [Na2(H2O)8]2+ cluster that includes the oxygen of the methoxypropyl unit of the ligand to form infinite chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Old Melbourne Gaol maintains a crucial place in social histories of the city. The Gaol ceased operation in 1924 and, as a heritage site, locates its history firmly in the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. While the exhibition invites a moral consideration of modes of punishment implemented in the gaol, its critique suggests resolution: these are not practices that we engage in now. By presenting these kinds of closed or finished narratives, the site turns visitors firmly towards the past rather than creating a site which invites reflection on the harms that carceral institutions continue to inflict in the present day. This, we argue, has a particular significance for Care-leavers, who are a significant demographic to have passed through the Gaol's walls. While recognising that a site like the Old Melbourne Gaol has innumerable memory communities invested in it, and that no presentation of the site might fully satisfy them all, this article argues for present-looking public histories that place the gaol's history in conversation with weighty social justice issues of today, including acknowledging the gaol's role as part of the foundations of the 'care'-to-prison pipeline observed by many activists as a pressing social issue in the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ebola virus (EBOV) infection results in Ebola virus disease (EVD), an often severe disease with a nonspecific presentation. Since its recognition, periodic outbreaks of EVD continue to occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The 2013–2016 West African EVD outbreak was the largest recorded, resulting in a substantial cohort of EVD survivors with persistent health complaints and variable immune responses. In this study, we characterize humoral immune responses in EVD survivors and their contacts in Eastern Sierra Leone. We found high levels of EBOV IgG in EVD survivors and lower yet substantial antibody levels in household contacts, suggesting subclinical transmission. Neutralizing antibody function was prevalent but variable in EVD survivors, raising questions about the durability of immune responses from natural infection with EBOV. Additionally, we found that certain discrete symptoms—ophthalmologic and auditory—are associated with EBOV IgG seropositivity, while an array of symptoms are associated with the presence of neutralizing antibody. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the organizational identity orientations (IDOs) of members in the higher education context. We conducted a survey of students, faculty, and staff at a large public university to explore their perceptions of the university's identity at a time of organizational change under new leadership and investigated how they compared on the individualistic, relational, and collectivistic IDOs. Analysis revealed that faculty and students perceived the university more positively and shared similar rankings of its values in comparison to staff. Additionally, the level of students' collectivistic IDO was higher than that of faculty, and students' relational IDO was higher than that of both faculty and staff. Lastly, the frequency of interaction among members of the same stakeholder group was negatively related to the relational IDO. The theoretical and practical implications of this study contribute to the literature on organizational identification and identity orientation among university stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of a marine algae found in South African waters, Ulva lactuca, can reduce total gas and methane production in vitro when it replaces lucerne hay in a mixed sheep feed at incremental levels. Four treatments were prepared and incubated using bovine rumen fluid as inoculum: (1) 0 g U. lactuca kg-1 feed dry matter (DM) (0U), (2) 25 g U. lactuca kg-1 feed DM (25U), (3) 50 g U. lactuca kg-1 feed DM (50U), and (4) 100 g U. lactuca kg-1 feed DM (100 U). Total gas and CO2 production was determined with the aid of an automated system and methane production was estimated by difference. Cumulative gas production data were fitted to a non-linear model (Y = b(1- exp-c(t-L))) to estimate values for total gas production (b, mL), rate of gas production (c, mL/h), and a discrete lag time (L, hours). The extent of total gas production was lower for 100U than for 25U, but neither differed from 0U or 50 U. The lag time observed was lower for 50U than 0U, but neither differed from 25U or 100U. No differences were found for the rate of gas production. No differences for any gas production values were observed between treatments. The ratio between methane and total gas production was highest for 100U, which differed from 25U, but not from 0U or 50U. The higher methane ratio observed in the 100U treatment may be attributed to the lower total gas production in this treatment due to the lower fermentability of U. lactuca compared to lucerne. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The study purpose was to generate theory to explain why some hospital staff chose to stay on the job during a prolonged public health crisis. BACKGROUND: The "great resignation" of 2021 created shortages across the healthcare industry. Why some healthcare staff chose to stay at work when coworkers were leaving in large numbers through retirement, transition to different careers, or perceived suddenly better clinical opportunities was not clear. METHODS: Qualitative Grounded Theory methods guided this research study. Sixteen healthcare workers participated in open-ended interviews that provided data to identify major concepts in an emerging model of commitment during crisis. RESULTS: A "Commit to Stay" model emerged showing 4 major influences including sense of personal agency, supportive organization, social connections at work, and external connections and influence. CONCLUSIONS: The Commit to Stay conceptual model can help guide nurse leaders as they grapple with supporting those who choose to stay at work in healthcare during intense, sustained healthcare crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Vegetation change such as woody encroachment is characterised by changing species interactions, and processes such as competition and facilitation may be inferred from patterns of association between juveniles and mature individuals of different species. Our aim was to apply and evaluate association rules analysis (ARA), a rule‐based data‐mining technique more commonly known as market basket analysis, as a novel tool to examine the associations between woody species in different demographic stages along a thicket encroachment gradient. Location: The research was conducted in a subtropical thicket–savanna mosaic (730 mm mean annual rainfall) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Methods: We used a space‐for‐time substitution approach and sampled woody plants in different size classes at sites representing early, intermediate and late stages of encroachment. All individuals were recorded as occurring singly or in unique clumps. We used ARA to determine which associations between species in different size classes were common overall, and more common than expected, at each of the three encroachment stages. Results: The most important association rules indicated that Vachellia karroo recruited singly and in large numbers in open grassland and, once mature, provided nucleation sites for a small suite of species dominated by Scutia myrtina. In the later stages, multiple diverse associations were found in increasingly large clumps. Conclusions: Our sampling approach and ARA proved useful for characterising common species‐size class associations, illuminating changing species interactions and recruitment patterns along a thicket clump formation sequence. In studies of vegetation change, ARA can complement multivariate analyses of species composition to reveal specific associations, and it can provide a less laborious alternative to point‐pattern analysis for elucidating spatial associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonbiting midges (family Chironomidae) are found throughout the world in a diverse array of aquatic and terrestrial habitats, can often tolerate harsh conditions such as hypoxia or desiccation, and have consistently compact genomes. Yet we know little about the shared molecular basis for these attributes and how they have evolved across the family. Here, we address these questions by first creating high-quality, annotated reference assemblies for Tanytarsus gracilentus (subfamily Chironominae, tribe Tanytarsini) and Parochlus steinenii (subfamily Podonominae). Using these and other publicly available assemblies, we created a time-calibrated phylogenomic tree for family Chironomidae with outgroups from order Diptera. We used this phylogeny to test for features associated with compact genomes, as well as examining patterns of gene family evolution and positive selection that may underlie chironomid habitat tolerances. Our results suggest that compact genomes evolved in the common ancestor of Chironomidae and Ceratopogonidae and that this occurred mainly through reductions in noncoding regions (introns, intergenic sequences, and repeat elements). Significantly expanded gene families in Chironomidae included biological processes that may relate to tolerance of stressful environments, such as temperature homeostasis, carbohydrate transport, melanization defense response, and trehalose transport. We identified several positively selected genes in Chironomidae, notably sulfonylurea receptor, CREB-binding protein, and protein kinase D. Our results improve our understanding of the evolution of small genomes and extreme habitat use in this widely distributed group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When ecological and evolutionary dynamics occur on comparable timescales, persistence of the ensuing eco-evolutionary dynamics requires both ecological and evolutionary stability. This unites key questions in ecology and evolution: How do species coexist, and what maintains genetic variation in a population? In this work, we investigated a host-parasitoid system in which pea aphid hosts rapidly evolve resistance to Aphidius ervi parasitoids. Field data and mathematical simulations showed that heterogeneity in parasitoid dispersal can generate variation in parasitism-mediated selection on hosts through time and space. Experiments showed how evolutionary trade-offs plus moderate host dispersal across this selection mosaic cause host-parasitoid coexistence and maintenance of genetic variation in host resistance. Our results show how dispersal can stabilize both the ecological and evolutionary components of eco-evolutionary dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI, presence of air in bowel wall) develops in a variety of settings and due to a variety of insults which is then characterized by varying severity and clinical course. Anecdotally, many of these cases are benign with few clinical sequelae; however, we lack evidence-based guidelines to help guide management of such lower-risk cases. We aimed to describe the clinical entity of low-risk PI, characterize the population of children who develop this form of PI, determine if management approach or clinical outcomes differed depending on the managing physician's field of practice, and finally determine if a shortened course of NPO and antibiotics was safe in the population of children with low-risk PI. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all children over age 1 year treated at Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO), between 2009 and 2019 with a diagnosis of PI who did not also have a diagnosis of cancer or history of bone marrow transplant (BMT). Data including demographic variables, clinical course, and outcomes were obtained from the electronic medical record. Low-risk criteria included no need for ICU admission, vasopressor use, or urgent surgical intervention. Results: Ninety-one children were treated for their first episode of PI during the study period, 72 of whom met our low-risk criteria. Among the low-risk group, rates of complications including hemodynamic decompensation during treatment, PI recurrence, Clostridium difficile colitis, and death did not differ between those who received 3 days or less of antibiotics and those who received more than 3 days of antibiotics. Outcomes also did not differ between children cared for by surgeons or pediatricians. Conclusions: Here, we define low-risk PI as that which occurs in children over age 1 who do not have a prior diagnosis of cancer or prior BMT and who do not require ICU admission, vasopressor administration, or urgent surgical intervention. It is likely safe to treat these children with only 3 days of antibiotic therapy and NPO. Level of evidence: Level III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasms depends on the accurate quantification of plasma cells, traditionally done by immunohistochemical CD138 staining of bone marrow biopsies. Currently, there is no fully satisfactory reference method for this quantification. In our previous study, we compared the commonly used overview estimation method (method A) with a novel method for counting plasma cells in three representative areas (method B). Results showed comparable concordance parameters between the two methods. In this follow‐up study, we compared the previously evaluated methods with a digital analysis method (method C) that uses artificial intelligence in open‐source software, QuPath. Methods: Archived CD138 immunohistochemically stained trephine sections of bone marrow samples used in our previous study were used (n = 33). Reviewers selected three representative areas on each sample by taking images with a light microscope and camera. Digital analysis was performed using the positive cell detection function in QuPath. The entire process was repeated by each reviewer to test intraobserver concordance (concordance correlation coefficient [CCC]) in addition to interobserver concordance (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]). Results: Intraobserver concordance of method C showed strong agreement for all reviewers with the lowest CCC = 0.854. Interobserver concordance for method C using ICC was 0.909 and 0.949. This showed high interobserver agreement with significant differences between method C and previously assessed method A (ICC = 0.793 and 0.713) and method B (ICC = 0.657 and 0.658). Conclusion: We were able to successfully count CD138‐positive plasma cells in bone marrow biopsies using artificial intelligence. This method is superior to both manual counting and overview estimation, regardless of tumour load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines archival documents, government papers and newspaper reports relating to the first three years of the government-run child welfare system in the Australian colony of Victoria (1864–1866) to present a case study that explores how historians might use emotion as a conceptual tool for engaging with the humanity of marginalised voices from the past, particularly for periods beyond living memory. It argues that studying emotion in public debate reveals important information about the (limited) ways in which colonial society valued vulnerable children of the poor, and that despite the systematic silencing of children within child welfare records, there remain opportunities to connect with their humanity. Through a case study approach, the article demonstrates that emotion can be a tool for developing a contrapuntal reading of sources that present different – sometimes directly contradictory – narratives of events. Thus, the article makes a contribution to the social history of child welfare and also offers approaches to understanding the humanity of people from the past that will be of interest to social historians more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial resistance is a global health issue that affects humans, animals, and agriculture. This study assessed the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in poultry and hand swabs of meat handlers working in a dressing plant in the Philippines. Fourteen (14) hand swabs from poultry handlers and 89 poultry cecal samples were collected and screened for ESBL production using MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime and eosin methylene blue agar. Identification of E. coli through biochemical testing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was then performed using the VITEK 2 System. Results showed that 7.14% (1/14) of the hand swabs and 23.60% (21/89) of the poultry cecal samples were positive for ESBL-EC. Identified isolates were further evaluated for their antimicrobial susceptibility using 33 antibiotics from various groups. Results showed 100% (22/22) resistance to the following antimicrobial drugs: ampicillin, ticarcillin, cefalotin, cefuroxime, cefuroxime axetil, cefixime, cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Resistance of select ESBL-EC isolates against other drugs under the beta-lactam, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and aminoglycoside groups were also observed. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria may be found in both human and animal sources, which highlights the need for ensuring safety practices to prevent their spread in the community. Gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis may be used to further evaluate this relationship. Continuous surveillance and review of standards and protocols are also needed to monitor antimicrobial resistance, as underlined by the strategies of the One Health approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explore ecumenical tours as one example of glocal learning and as a case in point. Making use of the central concepts of embodied and hybrid pedagogies as hermeneutical lenses, the main research question is: Does the exposure of students through ecumenical tours, as part of the Master of Divinity programme, foster embodied and hybrid pedagogies, and if so, in what ways? Factors at play in ecumenical exposure include the content of the programme, the diversity of the student population, as well as the reflective and participatory practices of teaching, learning, and assessing in lived faith contexts. The article especially emphasises a one-day pilgrimage among the lived faith practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI, presence of air in bowel wall) develops in a variety of settings and due to a variety of insults which is then characterized by varying severity and clinical course. Anecdotally, many of these cases are benign with few clinical sequelae; however, we lack evidence-based guidelines to help guide management of such lower-risk cases. We aimed to describe the clinical entity of low-risk PI, characterize the population of children who develop this form of PI, determine if management approach or clinical outcomes differed depending on the managing physician's field of practice, and finally determine if a shortened course of NPO and antibiotics was safe in the population of children with low-risk PI. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all children over age 1 year treated at Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO), between 2009 and 2019 with a diagnosis of PI who did not also have a diagnosis of cancer or history of bone marrow transplant (BMT). Data including demographic variables, clinical course, and outcomes were obtained from the electronic medical record. Low-risk criteria included no need for ICU admission, vasopressor use, or urgent surgical intervention. Results: Ninety-one children were treated for their first episode of PI during the study period, 72 of whom met our low-risk criteria. Among the low-risk group, rates of complications including hemodynamic decompensation during treatment, PI recurrence, Clostridium difficile colitis, and death did not differ between those who received 3 days or less of antibiotics and those who received more than 3 days of antibiotics. Outcomes also did not differ between children cared for by surgeons or pediatricians. Conclusions: Here, we define low-risk PI as that which occurs in children over age 1 who do not have a prior diagnosis of cancer or prior BMT and who do not require ICU admission, vasopressor administration, or urgent surgical intervention. It is likely safe to treat these children with only 3 days of antibiotic therapy and NPO. Level of evidence: Level III. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significance & Background: Febrile neutropenia represents an oncologic emergency necessitating immediate intervention to reduce risk of sepsis and mortality. According to NIH guidelines, identification of neutropenic fever mandates prompt notification of providers, comprehensive testing, and the admin istration of antibiotics--all of which should occur within one hour. An analysis of cases where antibiotics were delayed revealed a significant opportunity for process improvement. It became evident that nurses required a streamlined mechanism to swiftly obtain assistance and necessary supplies, enabling them to complete all essential tasks as rapidly as possible. Purpose: By creating educational materials and targeted interventions to improve the timeliness of care, we aim to enhance patient safety, optimize clinical outcomes, and streamline the management of febrile neutropenia in oncology settings. Implementation of a 'Code Heat' rapid response system and a 'Code Heat Cart' stocked with essential diagnostic supplies was designed to eliminate delays in treatment. Interventions: Our nursing Shared Governance Council identified key barriers to obtaining timely assistance and necessary supplies. We developed and distributed a quick-reference guide to educate the nursing staff on protocols and expectations. We also instituted a "Code Heat" protocol at the unit level, allowing any available clinical staff to assist the primary nurse with critical tasks, such as order verification, diagnostics, laboratory work, and antibiotic delivery. Additionally, we implemented a "Code Heat Cart," stocked with supplies for diagnostics, to eliminate delays in care. When "Code Heat" is called, clinical staff promptly retrieve the cart and collaborate with the primary RN to complete all required tasks efficiently. Results: Chart audits were conducted to assess the time between the onset of fever and the administration of antibiotics, enabling us to evaluate improvements in compliance. The data indicates that since the implementation of the "Code Heat" protocol, instances of timely antibiotic administration have nearly doubled. Additionally, a survey administered to nursing staff revealed improvements in their perception of teamwork and their ability to complete tasks punctually. Discussion: Guidelines state that timely antibiotic administration following the identification of a neutropenic fever reduces the incidence of sepsis and decreases mortality in oncology patients. The "Code Heat" initiative combined these concepts and profoundly impacted our ability to receive timely resources and assistance, ultimately improving compliance and patient outcomes. Nurses now receive the help they need quickly, allowing them to focus on providing optimal patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent histories have underlined the importance of understanding the nineteenth-century gold rushes which took place in various parts of the anglophone world in relation to settler colonialism, and this work has advanced understandings of gender, race and Empire in significant ways. However, the field has yet to seriously grapple with questions about the role, treatment and positioning of children. This article will examine the Australian colony of Victoria, which was profoundly transformed by a gold rush beginning in 1851. Through case studies of three families – one white, one Chinese and one Aboriginal – the article will illustrate the complex relationships between poverty, colonialism and carceral institutions for children during the second half of the nineteenth century. These case studies allow an exploration that centres on the lives of the children and families forced to navigate an often-inescapable network of institutions, thereby demonstrating the impossibility of separating these institutions (which form the foundations of our modern-day child protection system) from the project and philosophy of settler colonialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Autistic boys and boys with co-occurring fragile X syndrome and autism spectrum disorder (FXS + ASD) demonstrate similar pragmatic language difficulties. The Pragmatic Rating Scale–School Age (PRS-SA) captures ecologically valid metrics of pragmatic language impairments in these populations. It is traditionally scored based on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), which may limit the use of the PRS-SA more broadly in research and clinical contexts. Method: This study evaluated the feasibility of the PRS-SA based on a shorter, semistructured conversational context compared to the ADOS in school-age autistic boys (n = 16) and boys with FXS + ASD (n = 16), matched on ASD traits. Differences across ADOS and conversational contexts and associations with ASD-related social difficulties were evaluated. Results: Findings revealed differences in PRS-SA scores between ADOS and conversational contexts, but only for the FXS + ASD group. Limited associations were observed between PRS-SA scores and ASD traits. Conclusions: Results from this study indicate the feasibility of using the PRS-SA in a shorter conversational context than the ADOS to assess pragmatic language among autistic boys. For boys with FXS + ASD, contextual differences warrant careful consideration in future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Verification of blood collection tubes is essential for clinical laboratories. The aim of this study was to assess performance of candidate tubes from four alternative suppliers for routine diagnostic haematology testing during an impending global shortage of blood collection tubes. Methods: A multicentre verification study was performed in Cape Town, South Africa. Blood from 300 healthy volunteers was collected into K2EDTA and sodium citrate tubes of BD Vacutainer® comparator tubes and one of four candidate tubes (Vacucare, Vacuette®, V‐TUBE™ and Vacutest®). A technical verification was performed, which included tube physical properties and safety. Routine haematology testing was performed for clinical verification. Results: Vacucare tubes did not have a fill‐line indicator, Vacuette® tubes had external blood contamination on the caps post‐venesection and Vacutest® tubes had hard rubber stoppers. K2EDTA tubes of Vacuette®, Vacucare and Vacutest® performed similarly to the comparator. Unacceptable constant bias was seen for PT in Vacucare (95% CI −2.38 to −0.10), Vacutest® (95% CI −1.91 to −0.49) and Vacuette® (95% CI 0.10–1.84) tubes and for aPTT in Vacuette® (95% CI 0.22–2.00) and V‐TUBE™ (95% CI −2.88 to −0.44). Unacceptable %bias was seen for aPTT in Vacucare (95% CI 2.78–4.59) and Vacutest® tubes (95% CI 2.53–3.82; desirable ±2.30), and in V‐TUBE™ for mean cell volume (95% CI 1.15–1.47, desirable ±0.95%) and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (95% CI −1.65 to −0.93, desirable ±0.43%). Conclusion: Blood collection tubes introduce variability to routine haematology results. We recommend that laboratories use one brand of tube. Verification of new candidate tubes should be performed to ensure consistency and reliable reporting of results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indacaterol acetate (IND), a long-acting β2-agonist in combination with mometasone furoate (MF), an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), is being explored as a once-daily (od) treatment for asthma in children. This study examined the efficacy, safety, and systemic exposure of IND 75 µg and IND 150 µg in children with persistent asthma. Methods: In this Phase IIb, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study, pediatric patients (aged ≥ 6 to < 12 years) with persistent asthma were randomized (1:1) to receive either IND 75 µg od or IND 150 µg od via Breezhaler® in combination with ICS background therapy. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in pre-dose trough forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) after two weeks of treatment. Results: In total, 80 patients received IND 75 µg (n = 39) or IND 150 µg (n = 41). The study met its primary endpoint; both doses demonstrated improvements in pre-dose trough FEV1 from baseline to Day 14 (mean change [Δ]: 212 mL, IND 75 µg; 171 mL, IND 150 µg). The secondary spirometry parameters (post-dose FEV1 after 1-h, post-dose forced vital capacity; morning and evening peak expiratory flow) also improved. Overall, 36.1% in IND 75 μg group and 25% patients in IND 150 μg group achieved a decrease from baseline in Pediatric Interviewer-administered Asthma Control Questionnaire score of ≥ 0.5 units. A dose-dependent increase in plasma IND concentration was noted between the two groups. Both IND doses demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. Conclusions: Once-daily IND 75 μg and IND 150 μg via Breezhaler® in combination with background ICS therapy provided substantial bronchodilation in children with asthma and were well tolerated. Taken together, these clinical and systemic exposure findings support IND 75 μg as the most appropriate dose for evaluation in Phase III trials in combination with MF in pediatric asthma. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02892019; 08-Sep-2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing literature points to skilled facilitation as a key factor in enabling a team's success in the context of inquiry-based reform. There is little understanding, however, of how precisely facilitators make the needed difference. This study analyzes the moves of expert facilitators in a team-based reform found to be successful previously. It identifies and explicates five distinct categories of needed moves (setting expectations, modeling, tracking progress, suggesting remediation, and releasing) as well as how they gain effectiveness as an interconnected system with moves across categories implemented for multiple purposes simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We sought to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted academic health sciences library workshops. We hypothesized that health sciences libraries moved workshops online during the height of the pandemic and that they continued to offer workshops virtually after restrictions were eased. Additionally, we believed that attendance increased. Methods: In March 2022, we invited 161 Association of American Health Sciences Libraries members in the US and Canada to participate in a Qualtrics survey about live workshops. Live workshops were defined as synchronous; voluntary; offered to anyone regardless of school affiliation; and not credit-bearing. Three time periods were compared, and a chi square test of association was conducted to evaluate the relationship between time period and workshop format. Results: Seventy-two of 81 respondents offered live workshops. A chi square test of association indicated a significant association between time period and primary delivery method, chi-square (4, N=206) = 136.55, p< .005. Before March 2020, 77% of respondents taught in person. During the height of the pandemic, 91% taught online and 60% noted higher attendance compared to pre-pandemic numbers. During the second half of 2021, 65% of workshops were taught online and 43% of respondents felt that attendance was higher than it was pre-pandemic. Overall workshop satisfaction was unchanged (54%) or improved (44%). Conclusion: Most health sciences librarians began offering online workshops following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. More than half of respondents were still teaching online in the second half of 2021. Some respondents reported increased attendance with similar levels of satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the perceived satisfaction and understanding of hearing assessment feedback, using the Ida My Hearing Explained Tool (IMHET), compared to the standard audiogram reported by adult clients and audiologists. This study is a mixed-method design comparing clients and audiologists' perceptions through a single-blinded, randomised control trial and focus group discussions. After using either the audiogram or IMHET for feedback, clients and audiologists completed the adapted Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ). During client's initial audiological consultations, audiologists provided hearing assessment feedback (Total = 51) using the IMHET or audiogram. Twenty-seven clients and seven audiologists participated in focus groups, and/or open-ended questions. Satisfaction was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between the IMHET (76.18; SD: 2.66) or audiogram (75.63; SD: 4.73) for the overall PSQ scores reported by clients and audiologists. Two shared main themes, understanding and satisfaction, were identified for both tools from the focus groups and open-ended questions. A third main theme, recommendations, was identified only for the IMHET. The IMHET is a valuable resource for clients during hearing assessment feedback. Audiologists recommend that the audiogram be used as a supplement when using the IMHET to provide feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In American political culture, care is double-edged. In everyday struggles over power, some political actors deploy care in ways that advance social justice, while others mobilize care in ways that hinder it. Feminist scholarship itself grapples with this double-edged-ness: Some scholars argue for care (Joan Tronto, Martha Fineman), while others push against it, asserting that care ideology is oppressive and should be "troubled" (Michelle Murphy, Lisa Lowe). I suggest that a discerning politics of care justice helps to resolve this tension. My study is comparative: I uphold Black Lives Matter, Black feminism, and the Domestic Workers Alliance as advancing varying forms of transformative politics that join care with justice. I also show that deployments of care by white political actors often counter or constrain social justice progress. To discern and analyze care's double-edged-ness, I delineate three meanings of care—moral value, emotion, and labor—and I trace these meanings in political-cultural moments from the Trump era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Antibiotic use for suspected infection without a source occurs frequently in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Prolonged antibiotic use is associated with increased risk for late-onset sepsis, death, and emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Our aim was to reduce antibiotic use for culture-negative sepsis (CNS) through interventions designed to decrease the number and length of antibiotic courses for CNS. METHODS: Our team used the Model for Improvement with sequential Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to implement interventions in our level IV NICU. These included the creation of Antibiotic Guidelines, case audits, weekly antibiotic stewardship rounds, and biweekly review of CNS cases at staff meetings. All patients who received any dose of antibiotic and who had no major congenital anomalies were included. The primary outcome measures were CNS courses and antibiotic days of therapy (DOTs) per 1000 patient days (PDs). We tracked the number of antibiotic initiation events, re-initiation events, and antibiotic spectrum index as balancing measures. RESULTS: Antibiotic DOTs for CNS decreased significantly (81%) compared with baseline after study interventions. Subgroup analysis revealed this change was driven by a decrease in early-onset sepsis DOTs, with a reduction from 18.3 to 3.9 DOTs/1000 PDs. Overall antibiotic DOTs for the unit decreased from 232.5 to 176.7 DOTs/1000 PDs. There was no change in any of the prespecified balancing measures. CONCLUSIONS: This quality-improvement initiative, which prioritized case review and stewardship rounds to promote guideline adherence and reduce the treatment of CNS, resulted in a decrease in antibiotic use in a level IV NICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On January 22, 2024, all 23 California State University (CSU) campuses participated in the largest higher education labor strike in U.S. history. Shortly after news outlets learned of a planned strike, coverage of the strike and ongoing negotiations between the California Faculty Association (CFA) union and CSU management rapidly intensified. This study aimed to analyze the message framing of two opposing organizations representing higher education interests and investigate whether their framing influenced how the news media portrayed the crisis. We employed thematic analysis to examine three sources of information published before, during, and after the strike from June 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024: CSU press releases and direct communication to faculty; CFA press releases and direct communication to members; and national news coverage of the strike. Through iterative coding and theme development, we identified key frames used by the organizations and the media. From our analysis of the CSU and CFA communication, competing frames emerged around three overarching categories: (1) framing of the self, (2) framing of the other, and (3) framing of the situation. Three media frames also emerged from the news coverage: (1) disruptions for students, (2) student support for faculty, and (3) contextualization of the crisis. We discuss the implications of these findings for the theory and practice of message framing. • Higher education unions' crisis frames must resonate with multiple stakeholders. • CSU management and CFA union showed contrasting logical vs. emotional discourses. • Opposing intra- and inter-organizational frames competed for news media attention. • Study findings showed the importance of achieving frame alignment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare diseases often result in delays in diagnosis. It is important to recognize conditions that have features of both inborn errors of immunity and predispose to myeloid neoplasia. Here we report a patient with GATA2 deficiency that presented with disseminated non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infection and pancytopenia secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay encourages historians to employ the term white when writing about white people, a seemingly simple practice but one rarely employed. White is very often an absent modifier, and when we do not name it, we omit the power that racial thinking and racist actions provided to white people. In so doing, we unthinkingly replicate and give support to racist power structures. By reflecting on the simultaneous precarity and power of whiteness in the past, we can see how the history of the term has shaped our contemporary writing and how we might improve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the extent to which early intervention (EI) speech-language pathologists (SLPs) use and recommend language input strategies for caregivers of children with language delays and the child factors associated with these decisions. Participants included 213 SLPs who completed an online survey. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Friedman's analyses of variance, and Spearman correlations were used to determine the extent to which EI SLPs used and recommended language input, child factors that influenced recommendations and input, and relationships between SLPs' self-reported strategies and recommendations to caregivers. EI SLPs reported recommending expanding on child utterances more than other strategies. EI SLPs reported using grammatical input more than telegraphic input and recommended grammatical phrases as children made gains in spoken language. Language strategies used by SLPs inconsistently aligned with their recommendations to caregivers. Results underscore the importance of evaluating recommendations to caregivers in the context of EI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global declines in bird and arthropod abundance highlights the importance of understanding the role of food limitation and arthropod community composition for the performance of insectivorous birds. In this study, we link data on nestling diet, arthropod availability and nesting performance for the Coastal Cactus Wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus sandiegensis), an at-risk insectivorous bird native to coastal southern California and Baja Mexico. We used DNA metabarcoding to characterize nestling diets and monitored 8 bird territories over two years to assess the relationship between arthropod and vegetation community composition and bird reproductive success. We document a discordance between consumed prey and arthropod biomass within nesting territories, in which Diptera and Lepidoptera were the most frequently consumed prey taxa but were relatively rare in the environment. In contrast other Orders (e.g., Hemiptera, Hymenoptera)were abundant in the environment but were absent from nestling diets. Accordingly, variation in bird reproductive success among territories was positively related to the relative abundance of Lepidoptera (but not Diptera), which were most abundant on 2 shrub species (Eriogonum fasciculatum, Sambucus nigra) of the 9 habitat elements characterized (8 dominant plant species and bare ground). Bird reproductive success was in turn negatively related to two invasive arthropods whose abundance was not associated with preferred bird prey, but instead possibly acted through harassment (Linepithema humile; Argentine ants) and parasite transmission or low nutritional quality (Armadillidium vulgare; "pill-bug"). These results demonstrate how multiple aspects of arthropod community structure can influence bird performance through complementary mechanisms, and the importance of managing for arthropods in bird conservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The closer the end of the apostle Paul's life and ministry comes into view, the more some of his co-workers and congregations turn away from him. This article speculates on the reasons for this phenomenon, which Paul himself expresses in his presumably last letter, 2 Timothy. The focus is particularly on the personality of the apostle, which seems to intensify with advancing age, even in its challenging features. Based on the results of the study, the article concludes by reflecting on sustainable leadership for those in positions of responsibility in today's churches. The article provides connection opportunities, especially for psychological and sociological studies focusing on guidance by leaders in advanced age as well as for studies in historical research on emotions and studies in the field of organizational development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bringing methodology and theory closer: Development and challenges in South African homiletics. The homiletic landscape in South Africa is rich and varied. In this contribution, we attempt to paint with broad brushstrokes this landscape. We write as practical theologians with a shared love for homiletics, but also with an interest in doing what we preach in terms of research and teaching. Put differently, we argue in the light of existing literature that there should be congruence between theories we advance, and methodologies we employ. We dwell on themes such as decolonisation, justice and reconciliation, poverty and inequality that are characteristic of our homiletical landscape. We conclude with the thought that as Christianity in South Africa grows and preachers increase in number, so do the opportunities for empirical academic involvement in preaching. However, the occasion also poses a challenge for academics engaged in homiletics, namely, to practise what they preach by bringing theory and method in a closer relationship. Contribution: The article engages current homiletical research in South Africa by means of a literature study, specifically highlighting the challenges and opportunities posed to the discipline of Homiletics within a postcolonial South African context, and at ecumenical faculties of Theology. These challenges and opportunities are especially important for a discipline such as Homiletics in South Africa with its strong Protestant and Reformed roots, to reflect on future methodologies pertaining to research and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional Multilingual Learning (FML) aims to leverage pupils' full language repertoire in a strategic and transversal way across the curriculum in order to enhance access to conceptual understanding and improve skills in the language of schooling. This linguistic-ethnographic study explores the pedagogical decisions of four teachers in a French–speaking primary school in Brussels, Belgium as they create 'meaningful multilingual tasks' for their linguistically diverse classrooms. Findings indicate that tasks serving symbolic and linguistic functions were the easiest for teachers to conceptualise, and that class-level learning objectives often took precedence over individual objectives. Multilingual scaffolding only occurred in classrooms already functioning extensively within a socio-constructivist paradigm and needed to be supported by a free classroom language policy to be the most effective. Whole-class tasks generated a new sense of linguistic capital but entailed a reframing of the notion of inclusion as they sometimes generated feelings of linguistic insecurity or resulted in limited participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]