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Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a severe neurological condition with potentially high morbidity. Patients usually present with varying degrees of neurological deficit, especially sphincter dysfunction, which needs to be diagnosed early and correctly indicated for surgical treatment. Our retrospective study is focused on the determination of different prognostic factors and their impact on the final neurological outcome of patients with CES. Forty-four CES patients were recruited in the study. The duration of symptoms has proven to be a statistically significant factor in improving the clinical condition. Patients with a shorter medical history of neurological symptomatology had a better neurological outcome. Also, there was a positive relationship between the initial and outcome score, i.e., the outcome status is related to the severity of the neurological deficit on admission. The remaining factors appeared to be statistically insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurosurgical illnesses or disorders are rare in pregnancy. Vascular pathologies, intracranial tumors, traumatic brain injury or disc herniation are the most common. Recognition of clinical signs, diagnosis and follow-up treatments can be difficult to manage regarding pregnancy. Vomiting or headache are typical symptoms for both pregnancy as well for increased intracranial pressure. As part of the diagnosis, we should avoid excess usage of radiological examinations. Therapeutic guidelines have not been clearly established; therefore, they are based only on retrospective studies or case reports. In our review article, we present the most common neurosurgical pathologies in pregnancy and their treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the case of a pregnant patient with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) who presented with multiple hemangioblastomas in the central nervous system (CNS). Hemangioblastomas are common tumors associated with VHL and can significantly increase morbidity and mortality. The possible influence of pregnancy on the growth of these tumors remains unclear. The article presents the case of a 28-year-old pregnant patient with VHL who underwent microsurgical resection of three dominant lesions. The patient had a successful pregnancy and delivered a healthy baby. The article also discusses the progression of hemangioblastomas during pregnancy and the recommended treatment approaches. [Extracted from the article]

Aim: Epidural hematoma (EDH) is a potentially life-threatening condition that belongs to the complex of traumatic brain injuries. The management of EDH requires early diagnosis with optimal treatment to prevent subsequent neurological impairment. In adults, the clinical course generally corresponds to the extent of an intracranial lesion. However, in pediatric patients, EDH represents a diagnostic challenge due to the different features of this entity. Therefore, the therapeutic approach should be based on the patient's clinical status and individual requirements. The aim of this study was to describe and highlight the different aspects of EDH in the various age groups. We also present a cohort study from our hospital. Materials and methods: Adult and pediatric patients admitted to the hospital between 2009 and 2019 with developed EDH were retrospectively reviewed. All data including demographic information, mechanism of injury, characteristics of hematoma, associated brain pathologies, treatment, and duration of hospitalization were acquired and statistically analyzed. Results: Seventy-four adult and eighty pediatric patients were included. The mean age in the adult group was 42.4 years and 8.5 years in the pediatric group. The most common causes of EDH were falls of different etiologies. The majority of adult patients were managed surgically due to significant neurological deficits and other cranial pathologies. Pediatric patients were predominantly treated conservatively. Surprisingly, the difference regarding the type of therapy was not as significant in the pediatric group as we assumed. Conclusion: We described specific features of EDH in adult and pediatric patients with emphasis on clinical and radiological differences. In children, the indolent course is often described, despite the presence of significant EDH. Early diagnosis, optimal choice of therapy, and individual approach can prevent the development of neurological deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]