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The agentive structures in JE and ON identified in the AS2-HP corpus (a corpus of caregivers' speech) refer to groups of people of different sizes, ranging from unity (mainly represented by JE) to internal plurality (specific to ON), or even totality in the case of generic uses. By questioning the notions of indefiniteness, collective agentivity and massive perception, this article reveals a continuum that organizes the 'agent-action' relationship, which varies according to the pronoun used in the agentive structure: those in ON alone make the event predicate more salient than the enunciator. The latter, which in this corpus always refers to a group of caregivers, is intended to highlight the action rather than the people performing the action. Conversely, agentivity in NOUS ON emphasizes the enunciator: the subject is presented as a class, which takes precedence over the event predicate. Halfway between these two ends of the gradient, we find agentive structures in JE, where agent and action are perfectly equal: the agent takes full responsibility for his action and does so on an individual basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the results of single versus double row (TEO) in massive tears of the posterosuperior rotator cuff in patients older than 70 years old. Methods: Between October 2019 and July 2022, 46 patients, older than 70 years old, were operated on, in two centers, by one surgeon (FM), in one center, we performed a single-row repair, while in the other a double row, transosseous equivalent. Patients were paired by age and gender. All patients were studied with a preoperative MRI along with preoperative age and gender adjusted constant score. Postoperative patients were evaluated at the end of the FU. Mean time of FU for single row was 3.2 years (2–4.1) and for TOE was 3.5 years (2.4–3). Mean age for SR patients was 71.15 years (70–82) and for TOE was 74.8 years (70–81). We were able to evaluate 20 pairs of patients (15 pairs of females and five pairs of males). Results: CS differed in both groups of patients. Patients operated on with TOE had a better, but non-significant CS 81.3 (TOE) versus 75.7 (SR) p > 0.05. The patients operated own with TOE showed statistically significant better arm abduction strength than patients operated on with SR (p < 0.05). There was a trend for patients operated on with TOE to have a better ROM and less pain. Discussion: The results of our work show that patients older than 70 years old, with repairable RCT operated on with a transosseous equivalent, have a trend to have a better CS and a significantly better strength than patients operated on with SR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT) is a new subfield of the Internet of Things (IoT) that aims to integrate cognition into the IoT's architecture and design. Various CIoT applications require techniques to inevitably extract machine-understandable concepts from unprocessed sensory data to provide value-added insights about CIoT devices and their users. The time series classification, which is used for the concept's extraction poses challenges to many applications across various domains, i.e., dimensionality reduction strategies have been suggested as an effective method to decrease the dimensionality of time series. The most common approach for time-series classification is the symbolic aggregate approximation (SAX). However, its main drawback is that it does not select the most significant point from the segment during the piecewise aggregate approximation (PAA) stage. The situation is cumbersome when data is heterogeneous and massive. Therefore, this research presents a novel technique for the selection of the most significant point from a segment during the PAA stage in SAX. The proposed technique chooses the maximum informative point as the most significant point using the probabilistic interpretation of sensory data with an appropriate copula design. The appropriate copula is selected using the minimum akaike information criteria (AIC) value. Subsequently, the modified SAX considers the maximum informative points instead of a selection of mean/max/extreme data points on a given segment during the PAA stage. The experimental evaluation of the environmental dataset reveals that the proposed method is more accurate and computationally efficient than classic SAX. Also, for cross-validation it computes the entropy of the information point (i-value) from each dataset to verify the successful transformation of normal data points to information points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotation plays an important role in the structure and evolution of massive stars. It leads to deviation from spherical symmetry for very fast rotating stars, mixing in otherwise unmixed radiative regions and generally increased mass loss. In addition, magnetic fields interact with rotation and lead to significant transport of angular momentum. In this article, we review the various rotational and magnetic instabilities present in massive stars and their implementation in one-dimensional stellar evolution codes. We then focus on their impact on the evolution of single rotating stars. Finally, we compare rotating models to observations and discuss ways to disentangle between various uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The young open cluster NGC 6231 hosts a rich population of O-type binary stars. We study several of these eccentric short-period massive eclipsing binaries and assess their fundamental parameters. The properties of these systems make them interesting targets to study tidally induced apsidal motion. The analysis of apsidal motion offers a powerful means to obtain information about the internal structure of the stars. Indeed, since the rate of apsidal motion in a binary system is proportional to the internal structure constants of the stars composing it, its value gives direct insight into the internal structure and evolutionary state of these stars. Stellar evolution models are constructed based on the observationally-determined fundamental parameters and a theoretical rate of apsidal motion is inferred. The results are striking: Adopting standard stellar evolution models yields a theoretical rate of apsidal motion much larger than the observational value. This discrepancy results from the standard models predicting too low an efficiency of internal mixing and thus too homogenous stars in terms of density. By enforcing the theoretical rates of apsidal motion to match the observational values, enhanced mixing is required, through a large overshooting parameter and/or additional turbulent/rotational mixing. Our analysis leads to the conclusion that the chemically mixed cores in those massive stars must be more extended than anticipated from standard models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Floating car GPS data serves as the foundation for processing traffic information, with the rapid increase in the number of monitored vehicles, a massive amount of GPS data is generated, posing great challenges to map matching. To address the shortcomings of traditional matching methods in terms of matching efficiency and accuracy, this paper proposed a real time parallel map matching algorithm for massive GPS data that ensured both high matching accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper firstly reconstructed an efficient and accurate real-time map matching algorithm for streaming data by introducing a comprehensive weight factor that considered velocity and direction to enhance the offline map matching algorithm that relied on historical trajectories. Then, it introduced the Spark Streaming distributed computing framework to achieve real-time and parallel computation of the map matching algorithm, significantly improving the efficiency of real-time map matching. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves more than a 10% increase in matching accuracy compared to conventional topological matching algorithms on complex road sections, with an overall matching accuracy of over 95%. In terms of matching efficiency, it achieves approximately a fourfold improvement compared to an equivalent number of standalone servers. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves real-time map matching of 80 million GPS data points on a computing cluster composed of 11 machines, proving that the proposed algorithm can achieve real-time vehicle matching in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this introduction to the special issue on massive urbanisation, the collective that has prepared this issue reviews the thinking and experiences that have been important to them. The reflections centre on the use of 'massive' in Jamaican patois, where it has two countervailing meanings. On the one hand, it means an inordinate lack of sensitivity to the real conditions taking place, a sense of extreme self‐inflation beyond reason. On the other, it means a collectivity coming into being without a set form, but reflective of a desire for collaboration and mutuality. Massive urbanisation thus means here both the voluminous expansion of speculative accumulation, extraction of land value, replication of vast inequities and disfunction, and the continuous emergence of new forms of urban inhabitation, a constant remaking of the social field by what has been called the urban majority. All of the contributions attempt to work with this sense of doubleness, amplifying the creation of particular atmospheres of the urban as a materiality of its heterogeneity. A collective of urban researchers working in nine major regions of the Global South came together over the past 18 months to think through the notion of the massive beyond its conventional connotations of mushrooming populations and a voluminous and explosive mass beyond apprehension or control. The collective also sought to think of urban extensiveness as something involving the temporality of dreams, ambivalent desires, improvised manoeuvres, and unruly inclinations in addition to the generalisation of commodity forms and capital accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irreparable massive rotator cuff tears can significantly impact daily life; and these types of tears can be difficult to repair completely, especially in younger patients who are more active and have higher functional requirements. Since its introduction by Mihata and the colleagues, superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) has gained popularity in the treatment of irreparable massive rotator cuff tears and has shown promising short-term results. A variety of studies have focused on the clinical and biomechanical outcomes of this procedure. This article reviews the biomechanics, indications for the surgical procedure, graft options, surgical technique, and rehabilitation from SCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the apsidal motion in close eccentric massive binaries. Measuring the rate of apsidal motion in such a system gives insight into the internal structure and evolutionary state of the stars. We focus on CPD-41° 7742, for which independent studies in the past showed large discrepancies in the longitude of periastron of the orbit, hinting at the presence of apsidal motion. We perform a consistent analysis of all observational data to solve this apparent discrepancy and report the first determination of apsidal motion in this system. This study confirms the need for enhanced mixing in the stellar evolution models of the primary star to reproduce the observational properties. This points towards larger convective cores than usually considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glomus tumors originate from perivascular, temperature-regulating bodies. They are generally located at the fingertips, rarely around the shoulder girdle. This paper reports a deltoid glomus tumor larger in size than ever previously reported. The intramuscular mass, asymptomatic for 10 years, had enlarged to the extent of causing pain. Tumor size and localization suggested the presence of malignancy, indicating wide resection as appropriate surgical action. Incisional biopsy revealed benign morphology. Surgical treatment achieved complete pain relief. This is the largest glomus tumor reported to date. Marginal excision is the treatment of choice when there is no suspicion of malignancy, but due to our suspicions, we performed a wide resection of the tumor. Neither the diagnostic biopsy at the commencement of resection nor the post-surgical pathology later indicated malignancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical, arthroscopic and radiological outcomes of autologous osteoperiosteal transplantation for massive cystic osteochondral defects of the talus. Methods: Cases of autologous osteoperiosteal transplantation for medial massive cystic defects of the talus between 2014 and 2018 were reviewed. The visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and Ankle Activity Scale (AAS) were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. The Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Tissue (MOCART) system and the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) score were evaluated after surgery. The ability to return to daily activity and sport, as well as complications, were recorded. Results: Twenty-one patients were available for follow-up, with a mean follow-up of 60.1 ± 11.7 months. All subscales of preoperative FAOS had significant (P < 0.001) improvement at the final follow-up. The mean AOFAS and VAS scores significantly (P < 0.001) improved from 52.4 ± 12.4 preoperatively to 90.9 ± 5.2 at the last follow-up and from 7.9 ± 0.8 to 1.5 ± 0.9, respectively. The mean AAS decreased from 6.0 ± 1.4 preinjury to 1.4 ± 0.9 postinjury and then increased to 4.6 ± 1.4 at the final follow-up (P < 0.001). All 21 patients resumed daily activities after a mean of 3.1 ± 1.0 months. Fifteen patients (71.4%) returned to sports after a mean of 12.9 ± 4.1 months. All patients underwent follow-up MRI with a mean MOCART score of 68.6 ± 5.9. Eleven patients underwent second-look arthroscopy, and the average ICRS was 9.4 ± 0.8. No donor site morbidity was found in any patient during the follow-up. Conclusion: Autologous osteoperiosteal transplantation provided favourable clinical, arthroscopic and radiographic outcomes in patients with massive cystic osteochondral defects of the talus during a minimum 3-year follow-up. Level of evidence: IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Subacromial volume measurement on magnetic resonance images is relatively new. It has been shown that decreased subacromial volume increases after surgical repair of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. There is no study examining subacromial volume changes after superior capsular reconstruction (SCR). The purpose of this study was to compare subacromial volume changes on magnetic resonance images (MRI) after superior capsular reconstruction performed for primary irreparable rotator cuff tears. Methods: Patients who underwent an SCR procedure between 2017 and 2019 with a minimum 2-year postoperative follow-up were included in this retrospective study. Subacromial volume was measured on MRI using software. The preoperative and postoperative acromiohumeral distance, Constant Scores, graft thickness, and Hamada grades of the patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 18 patients with a mean age of 59.7 years (range: 49–74 years) underwent an SCR for massive irreparable cuff tear. The mean preoperative subacromial volume was 3.54 ± 0.39 cm3 (range 2.88–4.36 cm3), which increased to 4.46 ± 0.39 cm3 (range 3.75–5.32 cm3) postoperatively (p = < 0.001). The increase in subacromial volume and acromiohumeral distance did not correlate with Constant scores and graft thickness. We observed a significantly higher subacromial volume increase among Hamada grade 1 patients, compared to those with Hamada grade 2 (p = 0.011). Conclusions: We observed that subacromial volume significantly increased after superior capsular reconstruction. However, the increase in subacromial volume did not correlate with clinical scores, acromiohumeral distance changes, or graft thickness. Level of evidence: Level III – Retrospective Cohort Study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pillars of an underground mine are designed to ensure long-term stability and preserve the surface assets from the consequences of mining. However, long-term stability is never guaranteed. Over time, subsidence and collapses can occur, and the consequences are sometimes dramatic. Such collapses depend on the exploitation characteristics, the mechanical properties of the terrain, and the potential presence of water, but additional factors can play a major role. This study aims to identify the predisposing and triggering factors of the collapse, including stiff beds, cliffs, and faults. Back-analysis was carried out on a historic dramatic massive collapse of a chalk mine (Beaulieu, France, 1910). Numerical modelling (finite and distinct elements) was carried out to highlight the influence of mining geometry, the stiff bed, and the cliff. Then, the mechanism of the collapse of the Beaulieu mine was investigated. The results demonstrate the importance of the geometric configurations of the site for the development of such a phenomenon, particularly the cumulative effects of the excavation (extraction ratio), the cliff, and the stiff bed. These cumulative factors increase the risk of a massive collapse. This study has shown that the stability of abandoned room and pillar underground mines should cover three concepts: estimation of the stress state of the pillars, the strength of the pillars, and the presence of a cliff as well as a significant discontinuity crossing the rock mass which could be a fault. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare various nonarthroplasty treatment options for massive, irreparable rotator cuff tears, including allograft bridging/augmentation, debridement, partial repair, superior capsule reconstruction (SCR), subacromial balloon spacer, and tendon transfer. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted through the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases for all articles pertaining to nonarthroplasty treatment options for irreparable rotator cuff tears. Inclusion criteria included manuscripts published between 2009 and 2020 with at least 1 year follow-up and Level I–IV evidence. Articles were separated into six groups: debridement, arthroscopic and open repair, allograft bridging/augmentation, SCR, subacromial balloon spacer, and tendon transfer. Data points included range of motion (external rotation, abduction, forward flexion, and internal rotation), visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant score, rate of revision surgery, and rate of conversion to arthroplasty. Results: A total of 83 studies and 3363 patients were included. All treatment options had statistically significant improvements in postoperative range of motion and patient-reported outcomes. Debridement had statistically significantly greater postoperative abduction and forward flexion range of motion, as well as better VAS pain scores, compared to the other treatment options. The SCR subgroup had the greatest improvement in ASES scores postoperatively. The overall revision rate was 7.2% among all surgical options, with the allograft bridging/augmentation group having the lowest rate of revision at 0–8.3%. The overall rate of conversion to arthroplasty was 7.2%, with debridement having the greatest rate of conversion at 15.4%. Conclusion: All six nonarthroplasty treatment options for irreparable rotator cuff tears resulted in statistically significant improvements in range of motion and patient-reported outcomes at 1 year follow-up or more, with low rates of revision and conversion to arthroplasty. Debridement had statistically significantly greater postoperative abduction and forward flexion range of motion, as well as better VAS pain scores, compared to the other treatment options. However, these conclusions should be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneous nature of the data, lack of prospective randomized control trials, and short-term follow-up. The findings of this study highlight the complexity of irreparable, massive rotator cuff tears, and the need for an individualized approach when treating these patients. Level of evidence: Level IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Massive earlobe scarring/keloid formation can occur after ear piercing in individuals of African descent. Case report: A 14-year-old African girl with pierced ears in childhood presented with two progressively growing and disfiguring tumors on both earlobes. The maximum diameter of each lesion was 5.5 centimeters, and the weight of each lesion was approximately 20 grams. Histologically, there was a mixed pattern of keloid and hypertrophic scarring. Discussion: Massive keloids can occur after ear piercing in childhood. It is unclear why some individuals develop these massive keloids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the functional outcome of partial reconstruction margin convergence in the treatment of massive, irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tear (RCT). Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included all patients that were operated by means of a partial repair and infraspinatus shift for a massive, posterosuperior cuff tear between 2009 and 2016, either in arthroscopic or mini-open technique. Outcome measures included sex- and age-adapted Constant Score (saCS), Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) Index, Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Scores (DASH), and relative effect per patient (REPP). Results: Fifty-six shoulders in 54 patients (mean age: 66 ± 7 years) were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 40 ± 9 months. The mean tear size was Bateman 3.1 ± 0.7 and Patte 2.3 ± 0.4. All clinical scores showed improvement. The saCS improved from 64.1 ± 13.4 to 90.4 ± 13.7 (p < 0.0001), the DASH score from 51.8 ± 9.4 to 10.2 ± 13.4 (p < 0.0001) and the WORC index from 47.1% ± 8.6 to 87.9% ± 13.7 (p < 0.0001). The abduction strength of the affected side (1.7 ± 1.6 kg) was not restored to the same level as the contralateral side (5.4 ± 2.7 kg, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Partial cuff repair for posterosuperior, massive cuff tears yields good clinical outcome with a low rate of complications and high proportion of good and excellent responders. Level of evidence: Level IV, therapeutic case series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: In paediatric trauma patients, there are limited prospective data regarding blood components and mortality, with some literature suggesting decreased mortality with high ratios of plasma and platelets to red blood cells (RBCs) in massive transfusions; however, most paediatric massive transfusions occur for non‐traumatic aetiologies and few studies assess blood product ratios in these children. This study's objective was to evaluate whether high blood product ratios or low deficits conferred a survival benefit in children with non‐traumatic life‐threatening bleeding. Materials and Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the five‐year, multicentre, prospective, observational massive transfusion epidemiology and outcomes in children study of children with life‐threatening bleeding from US, Canadian and Italian medical centres. Primary interventions were plasma:RBC and platelets:RBC (high ratio ≥1:2 ml/kg) and plasma and platelet deficits. The primary outcome was mortality at 6 h, 24 h and 28 days. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine independent associations with mortality. Results: A total of 222 children were included from 24 medical centres: 145 children (median [interquartile range] age 2.1 years [0.3–11.8]) with operative bleeding and 77 (8.0 years [1.2–14.7]) with medical bleeding. In adjusted analyses, neither blood product ratios nor deficits were associated with mortality at 6 h, 24 h or 28 days. Conclusion: This paper addresses a lack of prospective data in children regarding optimal empiric massive transfusion strategies in non‐traumatic massive haemorrhage and in finding no decrease in mortality with high plasma or platelet to RBC ratios or lower deficits supports an exploratory analysis for mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The management of massively bleeding patients has undergone paradigm shift. With the evolution of bundle of care in form of damage control resuscitation, early blood-based resuscitation has emerged as one of the pillars of treatment; focused at preventing shock, coagulopathy, and thrombocytopenia. Military has always relied on low-titer O whole blood (LTOWB) to provide balanced hemostatic resuscitation for bleeding patients in combat casualties. Good results from military practice have led to questioning of practices followed in civilian bleeding trauma patients. With the realization that cold-stored platelets are functionally superior for immediate hemostasis, there is renewed interest in role of LTOWB in providing early hemostatic resuscitation to massively bleeding patients. Not only does LTOWB provide all the components but it also has an advantage of simplifying resuscitation logistics by providing all the components in one bag instead of three, in situations where delay of every minute leads to increased mortality. It can provide blood-based resuscitation in scenarios where it may not otherwise be possible. It can be used across all blood groups. This review explores the concerns regarding the use of LTOWB, historical perspective, advantages, and disadvantages. Several studies have shown that LTOWB is noninferior, as compared to components, and is a safe practice, without significant transfusion‑related adverse events. The use of LTOWB in bleeding patients needs further studies to explore its efficacy and safety versus component therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed epithelial-stromal tumours (MESTs) are a rare biphasic tumour that frequently arise in women from the renal and urogenital tract. They are also seen in men but are exceptionally uncommon with only few cases reported to originate from the seminal vesicles. Malignant transformation of its epithelial or stromal components is possible; however, by in large, these tumours are benign in nature. We report the case of a 48-year-old man with no remarkable medical or surgical history who presented with a huge expanding pelvic and intra-abdominal mass that required extensive surgical management including a pelvic exenteration. Histopathological analysis concluded the diagnosis of benign MEST originating from the seminal vesicles with no malignant features. No further systemic therapy was recommended for our patient. Given the technical intricacy in the operative resection of this tumour, we aim to present our findings and surgical management of this complex MEST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Studying deep learning framework in massive cellular system to optimize its performance is a challenge task. In this paper, multi‐cell massive cellular system with device‐to‐device (D2D) communication is studied, where D2D pairs and cellular users can share different orthogonal pilots to overcome interference at the cellular base station (BS). We propose data and pilot power controls scheme based on deep learning framework using convolutional neural network (CNN) for cellular and D2D users. The main focus is to obtain the optimal data and pilot powers (i.e., cellular pilot power, pCellular Userpilot, cellular data power, pCellular User, D2D pilot power, pD2Dpilot, and D2D data power, pD2D) for maximum spectral efficiency (SE). SE optimization problem is formulated with the goal of obtaining optimal transmit powers. Also, comparison between the proposed scheme and the iterative power control schemes (i.e., weighted minimum mean square error [MMSE] technique, bisection technique, and technique‐based geometric mean per‐cell max–min fairness) is provided. Results show that the proposed scheme can increase the sum SE of multi‐cell massive cellular system with D2D communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Currently, autografts and allografts are largely used to treat large or massive rotator cuff tear (RCT), without any evidence in favour of one graft or the other. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of retear of autograft and allograft in the treatment of large or massive posterosuperior RCT.Method: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed to perform this systematic review and meta-analysis of the results in the literature as well as the presentation of results. A search of the literature was performed in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. The quality of the included studies was evaluated according to the MINORS (Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies) score. Inclusion criteria were studies in English evaluating clinical and radiological results of surgical treatment with autograft or allograft for large or massive RCT since 2008. The main criterion was the retear rate of the graft assessed on MRI or US scan at 1-year minimum follow-up. Partial tear were classified as "tear".Results: The overall retear rate was 23.6% (15.5-32.7) at a mean follow-up of 18.4 ± 7.8 (12-36) months. There was no significant difference between the two kinds of graft, with a retear rate of 27.0% (15.4-40.2) and 20.9% (9.9-34.2) with autograft and allograft respectively (n.s.). Similar improvements of functional scores (+ 28.8 to 38.4 points for the Constant score, + 33.6 to 38.4 points for the ASES, and - 4.0 to - 4.1 points for pain-VAS) were reported in the two groups after at 27.2 ± 11.1 (12-48) months. The rate of complications except retear was 1.8% (0.2, 3.7) with autograft and 0.5% (0.8, 1.8) with allograft (n.s.).Conclusion: The use of autograft and allograft for the treatment of large or massive RCT leads to similar retear rate and clinical outcomes at short to medium terms.Level Of Evidence: Level IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The joint and massive presence of gallstones from the bile duct, both intra and extra hepatic, is a rare entity within the western population. Two cases are presented below, which debuted with a clinical picture of pain in the right hypo-chondrium and with a clinical picture of pain in the right hypochondrium and with clinical and laboratory data of bile duct obstruction, and that by means of a resonance cholangiography study, multiple endoluminal stones of the bile duct are evidenced. Overall, it also shows the treatment of one of the cases by ERCP with successful evacuation of the gallstones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotation plays an important role in the structure and evolution of massive stars. It leads to deviation from spherical symmetry for very fast rotating stars, mixing in otherwise unmixed radiative regions and generally increased mass loss. In addition, magnetic fields interact with rotation and lead to significant transport of angular momentum. In this article, we review the various rotational and magnetic instabilities present in massive stars and their implementation in one-dimensional stellar evolution codes. We then focus on their impact on the evolution of single rotating stars. Finally, we compare rotating models to observations and discuss ways to disentangle between various uncertainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The young open cluster NGC 6231 hosts a rich population of O-type binary stars. We study several of these eccentric short-period massive eclipsing binaries and assess their fundamental parameters. The properties of these systems make them interesting targets to study tidally induced apsidal motion. The analysis of apsidal motion offers a powerful means to obtain information about the internal structure of the stars. Indeed, since the rate of apsidal motion in a binary system is proportional to the internal structure constants of the stars composing it, its value gives direct insight into the internal structure and evolutionary state of these stars. Stellar evolution models are constructed based on the observationally-determined fundamental parameters and a theoretical rate of apsidal motion is inferred. The results are striking: Adopting standard stellar evolution models yields a theoretical rate of apsidal motion much larger than the observational value. This discrepancy results from the standard models predicting too low an efficiency of internal mixing and thus too homogenous stars in terms of density. By enforcing the theoretical rates of apsidal motion to match the observational values, enhanced mixing is required, through a large overshooting parameter and/or additional turbulent/rotational mixing. Our analysis leads to the conclusion that the chemically mixed cores in those massive stars must be more extended than anticipated from standard models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pieh MRP encountered non-anthropogenic phenomena, precisely massive coral bleaching in 2016, 2017, and massive predators from Acanthaster planci outbreaks in 2018. This study aimed to understand the pattern of coral reef diversity in the core zone and utilization in the MRP area and compare it to non-MRPS locations that accept the same non-anthropogenic pressure conditions. Coral fish sampling using a UVC is categorized into three zones: the core zone, the utilization zone, and outside the MRP area. 8 Families of coral reef fishes were counted based on categories of level function in ecologies and economy. Taxonomic distinctiveness estimates were calculated mathematically for each sample, including species richness and taxonomic diversity were compared among zonation area. Pearson's Coefficient Correlation Matrix was used to measure the correlation relationship between zonation areas. There are 91 species of fish and 3002 individuals found. The richest family in the MRP Core Zone and MRP Utility Zone was Acanthuridae with 20 species and non-MRP has a lower species richness and abundance of fish communities. The dominant species in Pieh MRP was Ctenochaetus striatus with average abundant per site (21.3 ± 7.62, n = 3). Acanthuridae represents 55.98% of the total biomass in MRP-Core Zone, 63.13% in MRP-Utility Zone, and 41.55% in Non-MRP Area. This study showed the number of species and populations from corallivores fishes have decreased but has been an increase in herbivorous and carnivore diversity. The diversity indices (H') and ENS also shows no differ significantly between zonation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff muscles is highly related to poor outcomes after rotator cuff tears. Fat fraction (FF) based on traditional 2–dimensional measurements (2D-FF) from a single sagittal Y-view slice cannot determine intramuscular FF in the rotator cuff muscles; the newly developed 3–dimensional method (3D-FF) is supposed to precede 2D measurements for intramuscular FF evaluation in accuracy and reliability. Purpose: (1) To measure 3D-FF and (2) to compare 3D-FF and 2D-FF in terms of quantitative values and intra- and interobserver agreement. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Six-point Dixon magnetic resonance imaging was performed in patients with full–thickness supraspinatus tears. 2D-FF was calculated on a single sagittal Y-view. Semiautomatic segmentation software (ITK-SNAP) was used to reconstruct 3D volumes of the supraspinatus muscle and fat. 3D-FF was obtained by dividing the fat volume by the total volume of the supraspinatus muscle. A paired t test was used to compare the individual differences between 2D-FF and 3D-FF results. Linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses were performed to determine the agreement between 2D-FF and 3D-FF. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine intra- and interobserver agreement. Results: The 3D muscular and fatty models presented an inhomogeneous distribution of intramuscular fat in the supraspinatus, indicating the superiority of 3D-FF over 2D-FF in capturing all muscle morphologic information. 2D-FF was significantly higher than 3D-FF in the supraspinatus with large (19.5% ± 5.9% vs 16.2% ± 3.7%; P =.002) and massive (34.8% ± 13.3% vs 26.2% ± 9.4%; P <.001) rotator cuff tears. 2D-FF overestimated the FF compared with 3D-FF by >50% in 14.7% of all patients and by >15% in 67.6% of patients with large or massive RCTs. The discrepancy between 2D-FF and 3D-FF increased with increasing mean FF. The intra- and interobserver agreement of 3D-FF (ICCs, 0.89-0.99 and 0.89-0.95) was superior to that of 2D-FF (ICCs, 0.71-0.95 and 0.64-0.79). Conclusion: 3D-FF indicated an inhomogeneous distribution of intramuscular fat by capturing all muscle and fat morphologic information. In patients with large and massive rotator cuff tears, 2D-FF of the supraspinatus was significantly higher than 3D-FF. 3D-FF was more reliable than 2D-FF for estimating fatty infiltration in the supraspinatus, with better intra- and interobserver agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Transfusion is very common in the intensive care unit (ICU), but practice is highly variable, as has recently been shown in non‐bleeding critically ill patients practices survey. Bleeding patients in ICU require different blood products across a range of specific patient categories. We hypothesize that a large variety in transfusion practice exists in bleeding patients. Study design and methods: An international online survey was performed among physicians working in the ICU. Transfusion practice in massively and non‐massively bleeding patients was examined, including transfusion ratios, thresholds, and the presence of transfusion guidelines. Results: Six hundred eleven respondents filled in the survey of which 401 could be analyzed, representing 64 countries. Among the respondents, 52% had a massive transfusion protocol (MTP) available at their ICU. In massively bleeding patients, 46% of the respondents used fixed transfusion component ratios. Of those who used fixed blood ratios, the 1:1:1 ratio (red blood cell [RBC] concentrates: plasma: platelet concentrates) was most commonly used (33%). The presence of an MTP was associated with a more frequent use of fixed ratios (p <.001). For RBC transfusion in the general non‐massively bleeding ICU population, a hemoglobin (Hb) threshold of 7.0[7.0–7.3] g/dl was reported. In the general ICU population, a platelet count threshold of 50[26–50] × 109/L was applied. Discussion Half of the centers had no massive transfusion protocol available. Transfusion practice in massively bleeding critically ill patients is highly variable and driven by the presence of an MTP. In the general non‐massively bleeding ICU population restrictive transfusion triggers were chosen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital teratomas are extremely rare and mainly midline tumors arising in the pineal regions in childhood brain tumors which are rarer cases occur in the lateral ventricle. Atrial septal defect (ASD) is detected in approximately 0.15% of newborns. We report an intracranial massive immature teratoma of the lateral ventricle in a 33-day-old infant on account of its rare location, comorbidity, and rapidly increasing size after surgery. Based on our information, this was the first case of congenital immature teratoma of the lateral ventricle comorbidity with ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent recognition of "massive" acetaminophen (APAP) overdoses has led to the question of whether standard dosing of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is adequate to prevent hepatoxicity in these patients. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome for patients with massive APAP overdose who received standard intravenous NAC dosing of 300 mg/kg over 21 h. This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted by chart review of APAP overdoses reported to a regional poison center from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019. Massive APAP overdose was defined by single, acute overdose resulting in an APAP concentration exceeding 300 mcg/mL at 4 h post-ingestion. Standard univariate statistical analysis was conducted to describe the cohort, and a multivariate logistic model was utilized to calculate adjusted odds ratios for risk of hepatoxicity. 1425 cases of APAP overdose were reviewed. 104 cases met the inclusion criteria of massive APAP overdose. Overall, 79 cases (76%) had no acute liver injury or hepatotoxicity, and 25 (24%) developed hepatoxicity. Nine percent (n = 4) of cases receiving NAC within 8 h developed hepatotoxicity. Crude odds for hepatoxicity was 5.5-fold higher for cases who received NAC after 8 h. Standard NAC dosing received within 8 h prevented hepatoxicity in 91% (n = 40) of cases in our series of massive APAP overdoses. Additional data is needed to determine the clinical outcomes of massive APAP overdose using current intravenous NAC dosing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the effect of the characteristic parameter m of the black hole solution in massive gravity on the thermodynamical critical properties of the black hole. We find that when the characteristic parameter m is less than the critical value m c , there is no the phase transition in the black hole system. On this basis, we use the black hole shadow radius to detect the phase transition of the 4D charged AdS massive black hole in the extended phase space. The acquired result shows that the variation of thermodynamic quantities with shadow radius is very similar to that with event horizon radius. Using the shadow radius, we construct the black hole shadow thermal profile. By changing the temperature on the shadow contour, the Van der Waals-like phase transition can be clearly presented on the shadow contour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Suprascapular neuropathy has been observed in the setting of rotator cuff tears (RCTs), but its association with these tears and their treatment are unclear. Hypothesis: Arthroscopic suprascapular nerve release during rotator cuff repair will not alter the outcomes of neuropathy. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 42 patients with large/massive reparable RCTs and suprascapular neuropathy were recruited and followed up at 6 and 12 months. Electrophysiological results as well as Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), and Constant scores were evaluated at selected time periods. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Patients in the control group underwent arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff without combined arthroscopic release of the superior transverse scapular ligament; in the second group, the superior transverse ligament was released. The primary outcome was to examine full suprascapular nerve recovery through electrophysiological changes between groups. The secondary/tertiary outcomes were analysis of clinical outcomes and assessment of the relation between RCT size and the degree of suprascapular nerve recovery. Patients, clinical staff members, and the neurologist were blinded to the type of surgical procedure. Results: Of 42 patients, 37 completed the follow-up at 12 months (median age, 64 years [range, 50-75 years]). Overall, 17 of 19 (89.5%) patients in the control group and 15 of 18 (83.3%) patients in the nerve release group had full nerve recovery, with no significant difference between the 2 groups. Clinically, all patients in both groups showed a significant improvement (P <.001), but no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of 12-month postoperative scores (control group: DASH: median, 5 [range, 0-21]; ASES: median, 88 [range, 83-98]; Constant: median, 86 [range, 70-98]) (nerve release group: DASH: median, 6 [range, 0-25]; ASES: median, 90 [range, 83-98]; Constant: median, 88 [range, 75-98]). Also, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups regarding other secondary and tertiary outcomes. Conclusion: Combined arthroscopic release of the superior transverse scapular ligament and rotator cuff repair in patients with large/massive RCTs and suprascapular neuropathy did not produce statistically significant improved outcomes compared with repair of the rotator cuff alone. Registration: NCT02318381 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Massive (or life‐threatening) haemoptysis is a time‐sensitive emergency encountered by a physician that requires an interdisciplinary, collaborative effort to arrest the bleeding in a prompt and timely manner. Placement of an endobronchial Watanabe spigot (EWS) to halt haemoptysis is a relatively recent technique finding its wide application in airway pathology, with the current extension of its use to bronchial bleeding. However, the lack of immediate access to EWS gives rise to the need to innovate with day‐to‐day materials used in routine surgical practice and available in resource‐limited settings, which may serve the purpose of a spigot. In this report, we bring to light a case of life‐threatening, cryptogenic haemoptysis that was managed by a novel technique of using peanut gauze as a spigot resulting in a successful endobronchial tamponade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Bilateral perirenal subcapsular effusion is a rare clinical condition and is associated with several underlying etiologies. We present a 33 years old male patient with idiopathic bilateral massive subcapsular effusion. Case presentation: A 33-year-old male patient presented to our outpatient clinic with bilateral flank pain and fever for 2 weeks. Bilateral perirenal subcapsular effusion was detected in intravenous contrast-enhanced CT and dynamic MRI. Treatment: Bilateral ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage was performed by an expert uroradiologist to reduce the parenchymal pressure, Control CT imaging after 6 weeks demonstrate that bilateral normal kidneys. Discussion: It has been reported that subcapsular and perirenal effusion is a rare clinical condition that may develop secondary to causes such as Nephrotic syndrome, Eisenmenger Syndrome, Lymphangiomatosis, and Page Kidney Disease. In our case, the clinical symptoms of the patient regressed after the whole effusion fluid was drained. No underlying pathology was found in further examinations. Therefore, we present the first case of Idiopathic Bilateral Massive Perirenal Subcapsular Effusion in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The incidence of pulmonary embolism has been increasing. It has been suggested that this may reflect overdiagnosis due to widespread use of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography. The purpose of the present investigation is to further evaluate whether the increasing incidence of pulmonary embolism represents overdiagnosis.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study based on administrative data from the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample 1999-2014. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes were used. The population of the United States according to year was determined from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Results: The incidence of pulmonary embolism increased from 65/100,000 population in 1999 to 137/100,000 population in 2014 (P < .0001). High-risk pulmonary embolism increased from 2.2/100,000 population to 9.9/100,000 population (P < .0001). The incidence of primary pulmonary embolism increased from 40/100,000 population in 1999 to 73/100,000 population in 2014 (P < .0001). High-risk pulmonary embolism in patients with a primary diagnosis of pulmonary embolism increased from 0.8/100,000 population in 1999 to 2.3/100,000 population in 2014 (P < .0001). Among patients with pulmonary embolism, the incidence of high-risk pulmonary embolism increased from 1999-2014 (P = .0025). In-hospital all-cause mortality in high-risk patients was 102,402 of 195,909 (52.2%).Conclusions: The incidence of high-risk pulmonary embolism has increased concordantly with the increasing incidence of all pulmonary embolism. Increasing proportions of patients with potentially lethal pulmonary embolism are being diagnosed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the apsidal motion in close eccentric massive binaries. Measuring the rate of apsidal motion in such a system gives insight into the internal structure and evolutionary state of the stars. We focus on CPD-41° 7742, for which independent studies in the past showed large discrepancies in the longitude of periastron of the orbit, hinting at the presence of apsidal motion. We perform a consistent analysis of all observational data to solve this apparent discrepancy and report the first determination of apsidal motion in this system. This study confirms the need for enhanced mixing in the stellar evolution models of the primary star to reproduce the observational properties. This points towards larger convective cores than usually considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bone allograft serves as an alternative to overcome the limitation of autograft. Some concerns, such as graft rejection, infection, and low union rate, arise from the use of bone allograft since the graft is a non-living and foreign material. We reported a case of critical-sized bone defect in a skeletally immature patient treated with massive intercalary allograft that not only did it show union but also graft incorporation that allowed for subsequent bone lengthening at the site of the incorporated massive allograft. To our knowledge, there has been a report of lengthening of free-vascularized fibular autograft but not the nonvascularized one. Massive intercalary allograft that incorporates well to the host could be an option to treat critical-sized bone defect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Massive rotator cuff injuries (LMMRs) are those breaks of more than 5 cm either the anteroposterior plane, or lateromedial plane. Some authors consider them to be complete ruptures of at least two rotator cuff tendons. The clinical case of a 63-year-old man with this type of injury that was resolved by the superior capsule reconstruction technique is presented, technical details and some of the literature review to carry out the procedure are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data privacy should be protected by law. Based on the analysis of data privacy protection situation at home and abroad, it is proposed that our country can protect data privacy by improving personnel quality, establishing relevant legal system and adopting technical prevention strategies. These strategies have certain guiding significance for exploring data privacy protection suitable for our national conditions. In order to solve the privacy protection problem in the process of large-scale network data aggregation, this paper proposes an Privacy Protection Algorithms (PPA) based on large-scale network data aggregation for the shortcomings of the existing standard large-scale network data aggregation algorithm with low time efficiency and poor reversibility. Converting the original network database into a large-scale network data aggregation form, performing network compression according to the Hamming weight of each network vector after conversion, using the matrix column vector to perform an AND operation, and calculating the support degree of the candidate set, thereby obtaining frequent itemsets. Experimental results show that compared with the original algorithm, the algorithm can improve the time efficiency while ensuring the false positive rate, has good reversibility and security, and is more practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the traditional intravenous N-acetylcysteine (NAC) dosing regimen works well for the vast majority of acetaminophen overdoses, there may be cases of massive overdose where additional NAC may be necessary. Recent evidence suggests that patients with acetaminophen concentrations above the "300-line" develop hepatotoxicity at a higher rate than those below the 300-line, suggesting that an increase of dose may be beneficial at this cut-off. Additional clinical data suggest a further increase in doses at the 450-line and 600-lines. I propose a strategy for step-wise increases in NAC dosing in response to high acetaminophen concentrations at the 300-, 450-, and 600-lines after acute massive acetaminophen overdoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on key concepts on hash, hash function, hash tables and information on directions of its application. The article covers the issues like most up-to-date methods and tips to be used for users' identification issues while password encryption and using against hacking. The article studies the issues of analysing and the control of integrity of this analysis, important files of the operation system, important programs, data and frequent use for identification of users, carrying out of control when required or on regular basis, using the hash function. For cryptographic hashes, three additional features that distinguish them from others are studied. What characteristics must the hash function have? Answers for a question "How the control is carried out?" are sought and the importance of proper selection of the overall controlling strategy is shown. Initially, the integrity of which files to be controlled is determined. For each file, the value of its hash is calculated on a specific algorithm and the result is saved. After a certain time, a similar calculation is made, and the results are compared. If the values differ, then the information contained in the file has been changed. An unusual method of increasing security " the talk is about delaying hashing of passwords, the algorithm and pseudo code is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative study on the microstructural changes after conventional (20 °C s−1) and ultrafast (300 °C s−1) heating is performed on a medium carbon steel in the soft annealed condition. Continuous-heating dilatometry experiments are carried out. The phase transformations and the volume phase fraction of austenite are determined among other microstructural changes. The microstructure is first observed using Optical Microscopy (OM), further characterized by Scanning (SEM), and detailed analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The effect of heating rate on the kinetics of cementite dissolution and austenite formation is rationalized. The experimental results are compared with Dictra calculations, and the possible effects on the kinetics of diffusion-controlled austenite formation are rationalized as well. Metallographic observations indirectly suggest the enhanced nucleation of austenite above Am. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It has been indicated that rotator cuff tears, especially large or massive ones, can cause suprascapular neuropathy. When such a diagnosis has been established, it is still unknown whether an arthroscopic release of the superior transverse scapular ligament during cuff repair can change the course of this neuropathy. Methods/design: This is a single-center, double-blinded randomized controlled trial for which 42 patients with large or massive repairable rotator cuff tears and suprascapular neuropathy will be recruited and followed up at 6 and 12 months. Nerve function will be measured by nerve conduction and electromyography studies preoperatively and at the selected follow-up periods. Patients will be randomly divided into equally numbered groups, the first one being the control group. Patients of this group will undergo arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff without combined arthroscopic release of the superior transverse scapular ligament; in the second group the ligament will be released. The primary objective is to test the null hypothesis that arthroscopic repair of large/massive rotator cuff tears in patients with combined suprascapular neuropathy provides equivalent outcomes to one-stage arthroscopic cuff repair where the superior suprascapular ligament is additionally released. The secondary objective is to search for a relation between rotator cuff tear size and degree of suprascapular nerve recovery. The tertiary objective is to demonstrate any relation between rotator cuff muscle fatty infiltration grade and degree of suprascapular nerve function. Patients, clinicians during follow-up clinics and the neurologist will be blinded to the type of surgery performed. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, we are unaware of any prospective, randomized double-blinded studies with similar objectives. So far, the evidence suggests a positive correlation between massive rotator cuff tears and suprascapular neuropathy. However, there is mixed evidence suggesting that neuropathy can be effectively treated with rotator cuff repair with or without release of the superior transverse scapular ligament. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) has an annual incidence of 100,000 cases in the United States and is divided into three categories: nonmassive, submassive, and massive. Several studies have evaluated the use of thrombolytics in submassive and massive PE.Objective: Our aim was to provide emergency physicians with an updated review of the controversy about the use of thrombolytics in submassive and massive PE.Discussion: Nonmassive PE is defined as PE in the setting of no signs of right ventricular strain (echocardiogram or biomarker) and hemodynamic stability. Submassive PE is defined as evidence of right ventricular strain with lack of hemodynamic instability. Massive PE occurs with occlusive thromboembolism that causes hemodynamic instability. Thrombolysis is warranted in patients with massive PE. Thrombolytic use in submassive PE with signs of right ventricular strain or damage presents a quandary for physicians. Several recent studies have evaluated the use of thrombolytics in patients with submassive PE. These studies have inconsistent definitions of submassive PE, evaluate differing primary outcomes, and use different treatment protocols with thrombolytics and anticoagulation agents. Although significant study heterogeneity exists, thrombolytics can improve long-term outcomes, with decreased bleeding risk with half-dose thrombolytics and catheter-directed treatments. Major bleeding significantly increases in patients over age 65 years. The risks and benefits of thrombolytic treatment-primarily improved long-term outcomes-should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Shared decision-making with the patient discussing the risks and benefits of treatment is advised.Conclusions: Thrombolytic use in massive PE is warranted, but patients with submassive PE require case-by-case analysis with shared decision making. The risks, including major hemorrhage, and benefits, primarily improved long-term outcomes, should be considered. Half-dose thrombolytics and catheter-directed treatment demonstrate advantages with decreased risk of bleeding and improved long-term functional outcomes. Further studies that assess risk stratification, functional outcomes, and treatment protocols are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Management of massive rotator cuff tears can be challenging because of the less satisfactory results and a higher retear rate regardless of the use of open or arthroscopic repair technique. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 102 cases of massive rotator cuff tear treated with either open or arthroscopic repair. Open repair was performed in 38 patients; and arthroscopic repair, in 64 patients. The mean age at the time of surgery was 59.7 years in the open group and 57.6 years in the arthroscopic group. Results: The Constant score increased from the preoperative mean of 55.9 to 73.2 at the last follow-up in the open repair group and from 53.8 to 67.6 in the arthroscopic repair group (p<0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score increased from a preoperative mean of 17.7 to 30.8 at the last follow-up in the open group and from 17.5 to 28.7 in the arthroscopic group (p<0.001 and <0.001, respectively). No statistically significant difference in the Constant and UCLA scores was observed between the two groups at the last follow-up (p=0.128 and 0.087, respectively). Retear was found in 14 patients (36.8%) in the open group and 39 patients (60.9%) in the arthroscopic group (p=0.024). Conclusions: Open and arthroscopic repairs of massive rotator cuff tears may provide satisfactory clinical results with no significant difference. However, a significantly lower retear rate was observed for the open repair group compared with the arthroscopic repair group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of massive tibial bone defects by ipsilateral fibula transport.Materials and Methods: Nine patients with massive tibial bone defects were retrospectively reviewed. There were 7 males and 2 females with an average age of 32.22 years. The mean length of bone defect was 15.67cm (range 13-25cm).Results: All patients were followed up and the mean time of follow up was 40.11 months (range 26-60 months). All the patients achieved bone union and the average external fixation time was 11.67 months (range 9-14 months). The mean degrees of knee extension were 2.2°(range 0-5°) and the mean degrees of knee flexion were 131.7° (range 120-140°). The mean degrees of ankle dorsiflexion were 8.9° (range 0-15°) and the mean degrees of ankle plantar flexion were 30° (range 20-40°).Conclusion: Our study suggested that ipsilateral fibula transport in the treatment of massive tibial bone defects acquired satisfying functional results. It may be a better choice for the patients without suitable proximal or distal tibia remnant to transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Serous Ovarian Cystadenomas usually present as bilateral small to medium size intra-abdominal mass. Massive intra-abdominal masses are commonly mucinous cystadenomas or mesenteric cysts. Patients with massive intra-abdominal masses present with pain in abdomen and symptoms of discomfort due to the huge swelling. Postural hypotension, intestinal obstruction, cardio respiratory embarrassment is few other presenting symptoms. Asymptomatic intraabdominal massive tumors are unusual. We report a case of a female with a massive intra-abdominal mass with clinical suspicion of mesenteric cyst or ovarian mass. Huge intra-abdominal mass with no symptoms of cardiovascular compromise and difficulty in pinpointing the organ of origin preoperatively make this case interesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aus dem DIN‐Normenausschuss Wasserwesen (NAW), hier Fachbereich Wasserbau (NA 119‐02 FB), werden Normen für den konstruktiven Wasserbau kurz dargestellt, die jüngst überarbeitet wurden sowie die sich derzeit in der Überarbeitung befinden. In einem Ausblick werden weitere Normen benannt, die zeitnah überarbeitet werden sollen. Der Fachbereich wird hierzu voraussichtlich in den einschlägigen Fachzeitschriften Aufrufe zur Mitarbeit lancieren. Standards for structural civil engineering hydraulics From the Department of Hydraulic Engineering NA 119‐02 FB, belonging to the Water Practice Standards Committee (NAW) within the DIN German Institute for Standardization, standards for the hydraulic engineering are presented briefly. There are standards which were recently revised and are currently in the revision. In an outlook some other standards are mentioned which are going to be revised in a timely manner. The department is expected to launch its calls for cooperation in the relevant journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]