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• OMT ameliorated the symptoms of DSS-induced IBD in mice. • OMT ameliorated DSS-induced inflammatory colonic injury in IBD mice. • OMT regulated the composition of the gut microflora in mice colitis. • OMT inhibited inflammatory DCs in DSS-induced IBD mice. • The correlation among OMT, Gut Microflora and inflammatory DCs. • OMT inhibited the activation of TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway in DSS-induced IBD mice. It is common knowledge that the crosstalk of gut microbiota (GM) and dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a major bioactive constituent derived from the root of the Sophora flavescens , Oxymatrine (OMT) was used to treat IBD in China. However, it is still unknown whether OMT ameliorates IBD by regulating the crosstalk between DCs and GM. In the present study, after 10 days of OMT (100 mg/kg/day) treated mice with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), the change rate of body weight, colon weight, colon weight index, colon length, DAI score and colonic pathological damage scores of colitis mice were significantly ameliorate, followed with fewer ulceration and inflammatory cell infiltration, the increased expression of IL-4 and IL-13, and the decreased expression of CCL-2, IL-33 and IFN-γ. The percents of inflammatory DCs (such as TNF-α+DCs, iNOS+DCs, CXCR5+DCs and E-cadherin+DCs) were markedly decreased, and the GM composition was regulated. Importantly, it is positive correlated between the efficacy of OMT on colitis, GM and inflammatory DCs. Meanwhile, Western blotting assay showed that OMT suppressed the activation of TLR4, Myd88, IRAK4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1, TAB, MKK3, MKK6, P38, NF-κB in the TLR / NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, OMT exhibits the protective effect against the DSS-induced experimental colitis, which was achieved by regulating the crosstalk of inflammatory DCs and GM, and inhibiting the TLR / NF-κB signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is using the properties of Gauss sums and the estimate for character sums to study the hybridmean value problem involving the two-term exponential sums and two-term character sums and give an interesting asymptotic formula for it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]