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[Display omitted] Poor storage stability and oxidative deterioration are the common drawbacks of edible oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). We hypothesized that the natural zein/tannic acid self-assembly nanoparticles (ZT NPs) could be employed as stabilizers to anchor at the oil–water interface, thus constructing Pickering emulsion gel (PKEG) system for three types of PUFA-rich oils, soybean oil (SO), fish oil (FO) and cod liver oil (CLO), to improve the storage and oxidation stability. ZT NPs were prepared by the anti-solvent coprecipitation method, and the three-phase contact angle, FT-IR, and XRD were mainly characterized. To observe the shell-core structure and oil–water interface details of SO/FO/CLO PKEGs by confocal laser scanning microscope and cryo-scanning electron microscope. Accelerated oxidation of FO was performed to assess the protective effect of PKEG on lipids. The SO, FO, and CLO PKEGs stabilized by 2 % ZT NPs, with oil fraction (φ = 0.5–0.6), were obtained. PKEGs show high viscoelasticity, clear shell-core structure spatial network structure, and ideal storage stability. Under accelerated oxidation, the degree of oxidative rancidity of FO PKEG was obviously lower than that of free FO. Overall, this work opens up new possibilities for using natural PKEG to prevent oxidative deterioration and prolong the shelf-life of PUFA-rich oils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The healing of human skin wounds is susceptible to perturbation caused by excessive mechanical stretching, resulting in enlarged scars, hypertrophic scars, or even keloids in predisposed individuals. Keloids are fibro‐proliferative scar tissues that extend beyond the initial wound boundary, consisting of the actively progressing periphery and the quiescent center. The stretch‐associated outgrowth and enhanced angiogenesis are two features of the periphery of keloids. However, which cell population is responsible for transducing the mechanical stimulation to the progression of keloids remains unclear. Herein, through integrative analysis of single‐cell RNA sequencing of keloids, we identified CD74+ fibroblasts, a previously unappreciated subset of fibroblasts with pro‐angiogenic and stretch‐induced proliferative capacities, as a key player in stretch‐induced progression of keloids. Immunostaining of keloid cryosections depicted a predominant distribution of CD74+ fibroblasts in the periphery, interacting with the vasculature. In vitro tube formation assays on purified CD74+ fibroblasts ascertained their pro‐angiogenic function. BrdU assays revealed that these cells proliferate upon stretching, through PIEZO1‐mediated calcium influx and the downstream ERK and AKT signaling. Collectively, our findings propose a model wherein CD74+ fibroblasts serve as pivotal drivers of stretch‐induced keloid progression, fueled by their proliferative and pro‐angiogenic activities. Targeting the attributes of CD74+ fibroblasts holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for the management of keloids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addressing the challenge of hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment (TME), a significant obstacle to effective cancer therapy, this research introduces a pioneering nanozyme engineered to utilize water and oxygen as reactants. Utilizing ultrasonic piezoelectricity, this nanozyme converts these substrates into oxygen (O2) and reactive oxygen species, thereby amplifying oxidative stress without relying on endogenous H2O2. This approach involves the strategic engineering of porous ZnSnOv:Mn nanosheets (named MZSO NSs), which are distinguished by oxygen‐rich vacancies and enhanced piezoelectric properties. This breakthrough represents the initial attempt to merge catalytic activities akin to catalase (CAT) with the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), confirmed through both enzymatic reactions and electrochemical voltammetric analysis. The predominant mechanism of ultrasound‐augmented oxygen generation in MZSO is identified as piezoelectric hole‐induced OER. Supporting theoretical analyses clarify the synergistic impact of oxygen vacancies and Mn doping on the dynamics of carriers and the OER process, leading to a notable increase in catalytic efficiency. These findings highlight the potential of piezoelectric‐enhanced OER electrocatalysts to alleviate hypoxia in the TME, providing novel insights into the development of piezoelectric acoustic sensitizers for the treatment of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to low temperatures renders flax seedlings vulnerable to oxidative damage, leading to delayed flowering, while high temperatures hinder seedling growth and negatively impact pollen viability. The seedling stage is particularly sensitive to environmental stressors, which can result in decreased flax yield and compromised seed oil quality. In this study, phenotypic assessments, along with physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses, were conducted on flax plants subjected to both high and low temperature stress, followed by 6 d recovery period. Results showed that the length and weight of seedlings and shoots were greatest in flax plants that had recovered from low temperature stress. After exposure to low temperature stress, flax seedlings exhibited the highest relative water content (RWC) and relative water loss (RWL) measuring 66.56 % and 93.34 %, respectively. The levels of Pro, SOD, CAT, POD, and nine phytohormones were significantly elevated compared to the control, whereas MDA levels were notably declined. A total of 43,471 genes were identified in the transcriptome data, Among these 32,319 exhibited significant differential expression. GO analysis highlighted enrichment in biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. KEGG analysis showed enrichment in plant hormone signal transduction and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Moreover, differentially expressed genes associated with phytohormone synthesis and signal transduction were analyzed. The expression level of salicylic acid (SA) genes was significantly upregulated under high temperature stress, whereas jasmonic acid (JA) genes were significantly up-regulated under low temperature stress. These findings will elucidate the intricate regulatory mechanisms of osmoregulatory factors, antioxidant enzymes, and endogenous plant hormones in flax's response to high and low temperature stress, offering valuable insights for the selection and breeding of resistant flax varieties and the enhancement of genetic resources. • Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important oil and economic crops in China. • Temperature is crucial throughout the growth and development of plants. • Genes related to jasmonic acid (JA) exhibited significant up-regulation under low-temperature stress. • Genes related to salicylic acid (SA) exhibited significant up-regulation under high-temperature stress. • This finding deepen our understanding of flax seedlings response to temperature stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non‐contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on floating plane motion can achieve a very low interface abrasion and high durability. However, the output performance of non‐contact TENG is still less than 72 µC m−2, due to the decay of tribo‐induced charges in air. Here, this work proposes two different charge excitation strategies for non‐contact mode TENG by elevating the electric insulation strength to avoid air breakdown, while both the external charge excitation and the self‐excitation system are developed. A double dielectric layer capacitance model is also established to analyze the change of charge density. A maximum output charge density of 260.15 µC m−2 is obtained using the external charge excitation with 6 kV excitation voltage. In addition, the self‐excitation strategy with non‐contact mode and more compact system is also demonstrated and an output charge density of 212.5 µC m−2 is achieved with the help of developed voltage multiple circuit, which is 2.97 times of the reported highest record for non‐contact TENG. The charge‐excited TENG via high electric insulation strategy realized in this work provides a promising way for boosting the output performance of TENGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify microbial resources for dehalogenation, develop effective remediation strategies, and reveal their significance in "One Health", it is crucial to understand the occurrence, distribution, and drivers of soil dehalogenation functional traits and taxonomy groups at a broad scale, which is currently not well understood. To address the gaps, we characterized the biogeography of both dehalogenation traits and taxa assigned to six dehalogenation pathways, by metagenomic profiling global 4821 soils from eight habitats, based on a manually curated dehalogenase database (DhgaseDB). We found dehalogenation genes and microbes assigned to different pathways are everywhere, but varied consistently across habitats. The similarity of dehalogention traits and taxa composition declines with geographic distance, and that patterns are strongly correlated with geo-environmental factors. We identified anthropogenic organohalide pesticide inputs as the most influential factor on dehalogenation gene abundance, while soil properties, particularly pH, exert a larger impact on dehalogenation taxa diversity. Ultimately, we generated predictive maps of soil dehalogenation gene abundance and taxa diversity for the first time, highlighting the microbial dehalogenation hotpots in East Asia, Australia, Southern Africa, and coastal regions. Collectively, our study highlights the significant role of various microbial dehalogenation processes in organohalide biotransformation and environmental microecology, providing the necessary methodological basis for a deeper comprehension of the underlying mechanisms, thereby contributing to the advancement of tailored strategies for organohalide remediation. • DhgaseDB was established for fast and accurate analysis of dehalogenation genes and taxa. • Dehalogenation genes and microbes are prevalent in global soils, but varied consistently across habitats. • Pesticide inputs are key to gene abundance, while soil pH significantly affects microbial diversity. • The first predictive maps of soil dehalogenation gene abundance and taxa diversity were generated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food loss (FL), a widely acknowledged barrier for global sustainability, include both visible part related to quantity loss and food security concern and invisible part related to quality loss and food safety concern. However, existing FL quantification has often ignored the invisible contamination deterioration and quality degradation as well as their associated sustainability impacts. Here, we integrated economic cost accounting, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) estimation, health risk assessment (hazard quotient, margin of exposure, and hazard index), and environmental footprint accounting to comprehensively assess both visible and invisible loss of maize and associated economic, health, and environmental impacts under different weather and regulatory levels, for a case of Jilin Province, China, using over 2-yr environmental test and multidisciplinary literature data. We show that in addition to the visible loss of 12.55% (¥703.81 million) of total production, there is an invisible loss of 2.10% (¥117.79 million) for maize in 2022 in Jilin, consisting of 1.78% market value loss (mainly due to moldy kernel, zearalenone (ZEN), unsound kernel and deoxynivalenol (DON)) and 0.32% health loss (due to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)). Under full regulation, the exposure of both adults and children to mean levels of DON and ZEN is at the safe level, while their exposure to mean level of AFB1 leads to potential health risk. When exposed to extreme weather like typhoons, invisible loss in the postharvest handling and storage stage exceeds visible loss. The invisible loss varies considerably across regulation levels, stakeholders and countries, manifesting as a trade-off between market value loss and health threat. Our analysis enables comparisons of different sustainability implications of FL, among quantity and quality issues, indicators (e.g., multiple mycotoxins), and consequences (market versus health). Based on these results, we call for more common understanding, more comprehensive data, and more integrated quantification methods to identify FL reduction hotspots and interventions and ensure food security, safety, and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the thermionic emission effect, the electron transferred to dielectric surface can be released into vacuum after the contact electrification (CE). Therefore, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) cannot maintain effective electrical output under high temperature conditions. In order to obtain high thermal charge stability, polyimide is modified with strong electron withdrawing groups like trifluoromethyl (CF3) and sulfone group (SO2) in backbone. The fluorinated polyimides (F‐PI) with a big band gap can provide a tribocharge density of 170 µC m−2 (4 times of common Kapton film) and become more negative than polytetrafluoroethylene in triboelectric series. In addition, BaTiO3 nanoparticles are doped in F‐PI film for inducing deep traps and interfacial polarizations for CE, which can further enhance the charge density (200 µC m−2) and thermal charge stability. Finally, a flutter‐driven TENG (FD‐TENG) is designed based on this BaTiO3‐doped F‐PI film to harvest wind energy and sense wind velocity. This FD‐TENG can maintain 32% of its output performance at 200 °C in comparison with room temperature, which is the highest thermal charge stability reported for triboelectric polymers. Therefore, this BaTiO3‐doped F‐PI has great application prospects for energy generation and motion detection in hot wind tunnel and many other harsh environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the storage stability and functional properties of different sizes of tea polysaccharides, and explore the relationship between sizes and digestive properties, so as to provide reference for the subsequent utilization of tea polysaccharides. In this study, TPS-NPs of about 200 nm and 400 nm were prepared by electrostatic interaction with TPS and EDTA ratios of 6:1 and 100:1, respectively. The structural properties of TPS-NPs were investigated by a series of characterization analyses. The results showed that the major functional groups of TPS-NPs did not change significantly with particle size, but the C O stretching vibrations in the methylated carboxyl group were more pronounced. However, their DPPH free radical scavenging ability and antioxidant activity of TPS were decreased in vitro because of the destruction of the apparent structure of tea polysaccharides nanoparticles during preparation. Stability measurements revealed that TPS-NPs have high storage, temperature, pH and ionic concentration stability, especially for TPS-NPs with a particle size of 200 nm. The digestibility of 400 nm TPS-NPs was improved to 3.89% compared to TPS. The results showed that the TPS-NPs has excellent stability and digestibility, which contributed to the development of TPS applications in the food industry and related products. • The tea polysaccharide nanoparticles at 200 nm and 400 nm were stably prepared by the electrostatic interaction. • The structural of TPS-NPs and TPS were studied by UV, FT-IR, Roman spectra and SEM. • TPS-NPs had higher storage stability under a variety of conditions, including ionic strength, pH and temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent studies suggest that deletion of the core clock gene Bmal1 in the kidney has a significant influence on renal physiological functions. However, the role of renal Bmal1 in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains poorly understood. Here by generating mice lacking Bmal1 in proximal tubule (Bmal1flox/flox-KAP-Cre+, ptKO) and inducing CKD with the adenine diet model, we found that lack of Bmal1 in proximal tubule did not alter renal water and electrolyte homeostasis. However, adenine-induced renal injury indexes, including blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and proteinuria, were markedly augmented in the ptKO mice. The ptKO kidneys also developed aggravated tubulointerstitial fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation. Mechanistically, RNAseq analysis revealed significant downregulation of the expression of genes related to energy and substance metabolism, in particular fatty acid oxidation and glutathione/homocysteine metabolism, in the ptKO kidneys. Consistently, the renal contents of ATP and glutathione were markedly reduced in the ptKO mice, suggesting the disruption of cellular metabolic homeostasis. Moreover, we demonstrated that Bmal1 can activate the transcription of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), a key enzyme for homocysteine metabolism and glutathione biosynthesis, through direct recruitment to the E-box motifs of its promoter. Supporting the in vivo findings, knockdown of Bmal1 in cultured proximal tubular cells inhibited CBS expression and amplified albumin-induced cell injury and fibrogenesis, while glutathione supplementation remarkably reversed these changes. Taken together, we concluded that deletion of Bmal1 in proximal tubule may aggravate chronic kidney injury and exacerbate renal fibrosis, the mechanism is related to suppressing CBS transcription and disturbing glutathione related metabolic homeostasis. These findings suggest a protective role of Bmal1 in chronic tubular injury and offer a novel target for treating CKD. • Deletion of Bmal1 in proximal tubule aggravates adenine-induced renal injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. • Dysfunctional metabolic homeostasis may contribute to the deterioration of chronic kidney disease in proximal tubule Bmal1 knockout mice. • Bmal1 protects against chronic renal injury by activating CBS transcription and increasing glutathione production in tubular epithelial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regulating the ranking of polymer in triboelectric series over a wide range is of great help for material's selection of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Herein, fluorinated poly(phthalazinone ether)s (FPPEs) with tunable molecular structure and aggregate structure are synthesized by co‐polycondensation, while the large positive ranking shift in the triboelectric series can be achieved by introducing phthalazinone moieties with strong electron donating capability. FPPE‐5, which includes abundant phthalazinone moieties, is more positive than all of the previously reported triboelectric polymers. Hence, the regulating range of FPPEs in this work updates a new record in triboelectric series, which is wider than that of previous works. A peculiar crystallization behavior, capable of trapping and storing more electrons, has been observed in FPPE‐2 with 25% phthalazinone moieties. Correspondingly, FPPE‐2 is more negative than FPPE‐1 without a phthalazinone moiety, which is an unexpected shift against the common changing tendency in triboelectric series. With FPPEs films as the probing material, a tactile TENG sensor is applied to enable material identification via electrical signal polarity. Hence, this study demonstrates a strategy to regulate the series of triboelectric polymers by copolymerization using monomers with distinct electrification capabilities, where both the monomer ratio and the peculiar nonlinear behavior can control triboelectric performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

l Synchronous regulation of γ -HCH dechlorination and methanogenesis were studied. l Microbial electrolysis cell was conducted to screen for optimum cathode potential. l Improved dechlorination was stimulated with either enhanced or inhibited methanogenesis. l Core microbial functional groups and relationships were selectively assembled. l A site-dependent strategy was proposed for win-win γ -HCH remediation solution. The wish for rapid degradation of chlorinated organic pollutants along with the increase concern with respect to greenhouse effect and bioenergy methane production have created urgent needs to explore synchronous regulation approach. Microbial electrolysis cell was established under four degressive cathode potential settings (from -0.15V to -0.60V) to regulate γ -hexachlorocyclohexane (γ -HCH) reduction while CH 4 cumulation in this study. The synchronous facilitation of γ-HCH reduction and CH 4 cumulation was occurred in -0.15V treatment while the facilitation of γ-HCH reductive removal together with the inhibition of CH 4 cumulation was showed in -0.30V treatment. Electrochemical patterns via cyclic voltammetry and morphological performances via scanning electron microscopy illustrated bioelectrostimulation promoted redox reactions and helped to construct mature biofilms located on bioelectrodes. Also, bioelectrostimulated regulation pronouncedly affected the bacteria and archaeal communities and subsequently assembled distinctly core sensitive responders across bioanode, biocathode and plankton. Clostridum, Longilinea and Methanothrix relatively accumulated in the plankton, and Cupriavidus and Methanospirillum , and Perimonas and Nonoarcheaum in biocathode and bioanode, respectively; while Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Methanoculleus and Methanosarcina were diffusely enriched. Microbial interactions in the ecological network were more complicated in -0.15V and -0.30V cathodic potential treatments, coincident with the increasement of γ -HCH reduction. The co-existence between putative dechlorinators and methanogens was less significant in -0.30V treatment when compared to that in -0.15V treatment, relevant with the variations of CH 4 cumulation. In all, this study firstly corroborated the availability to synchronously regulate γ -HCH reductive removal and methanogenesis. Besides, it paves an advanced approach controlling γ -HCH reduction in cooperation with CH 4 cumulation, of which to achieve γ-HCH degradation facilitation along with biogas (CH 4) production promotion with -0.15V cathode potential during anaerobic γ -HCH contaminated wastewater digestion, or to realize γ-HCH degradation facilitation with the inhibition of CH 4 emission with -0.30V cathode potential for an all-win remediation in γ -HCH polluted anaerobic environment such as paddy soil. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral drug delivery plays a key role in the treatment of colon cancer. In this study, as a novel oral delivery system, drug tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) was firstly loaded into β -cyclodextrin (β -CD) to prepare Tan IIA@ β -CD, which was subsequently encapsulated by Eucommia ulmoides rubber (EUR)/acetylated starch (AS) film to endow it colon-targeted drug release function. The constructed EUR/AS/Tan IIA@ β -CD was characterized using zeta potential, FT-IR, UV–vis, XRD, TG, SEM, and TEM. Moreover, in vitro release experiments revealed that the composite at optimal AS content (95 %) showed Tan IIA cumulative release rate of only 10 % in SGF, while it can reach the maximum value of 23 % in SIF. Analysis of drug release mechanism revealed two mainly distinct processes: erosion in SGF and diffusion in SIF. Furthermore, in vivo anticancer effect was evaluated in mice with orthotopic colon cancer model. After 28 days, compared to Tan IIA@ β -CD group, the tumor volume and weight in EUR/AS/Tan IIA@ β -CD group were decreased by 20.0 % and 34.6 %, respectively. Histological analyses showed that EUR/AS film significantly enhanced the available treatment against colon cancer cells. The proposed EUR/AS/Tan IIA@ β -CD system shows great potential for colon-targeted drug delivery and enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of colon cancer. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study utilizes visual analysis methods to retrospectively examine the evolution and trends in exercise interventions for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) research from 2011 to 2022. Bibliometric and visualization analysis review. Using the Web of Science database, the literature search range is from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2022, with the language specified as English and document type set to Article. Visual analysis was used to analyze literature in the field of exercise interventions for KOA, with KOA and exercise interventions as the key search terms. Visualization maps for countries/regions were created using Tableau and Scimago Graphica software. Institutional, author, and keyword visualization maps were drawn using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. In total, 3137 articles were included in the visual analysis. The United States emerged as the leading country in terms of publication volume and contribution. Moreover, developed countries such as the United States, Australia, United Kingdom, and Canada have established close and stable cooperative relationships. The University of Melbourne stood out as the institution with both the highest publication volume and centrality. At the forefront of research output in this field was Bennell K.L. from the University of Melbourne. The journal with the highest co-citation frequency was Osteoarthritis and Cartilage. The keyword clustering map highlighted an evolution in the field of exercise interventions for KOA, emphasizing 8 key research themes spanning knee osteoarthritis, serum cartilage, osteoarthritis initiative, patellofemoral pain, total knee arthroplasty, exercise-induced hypoalgesia, isometric exercise, and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Burst analysis revealed that older adult was the earliest and most prominent keyword, with contemporary topics such as patellofemoral pain, safety, musculoskeletal disorder, and neuromuscular exercise considered as research hotspots and future directions in this field. The global attention on exercise interventions for KOA research is expanding, emphasizing the importance of strengthened connections among developing countries and collaborative author groups. Recent trends have shifted toward topics such as neuromuscular training, treatment safety, and musculoskeletal disorders, whereas research interest in patellofemoral pain remains unabated. Neuromuscular training for KOA represents the current frontier in this field. Future research should delve into the effects of diverse types of exercise interventions for KOA on neuromuscular injury and recovery, exploring feasibility and safety to formulate personalized exercise plans for patients with KOA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezocatalytic therapy (PCT) based on 2D layered materials has emerged as a promising non‐invasive tumor treatment modality, offering superior advantages. However, a systematic investigation of PCT, particularly the mechanisms underlying the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by 2D nanomaterials, is still in its infancy. Here, for the first time, biodegradable piezoelectric 2D bilayer nickel‐iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe‐LDH) nanosheets (thickness of ≈1.86 nm) are reported for enhanced PCT and ferroptosis. Under ultrasound irradiation, the piezoelectric semiconducting NiFe‐LDH exhibits a remarkable ability to generate superoxide anion radicals, due to the formation of a built‐in electric field that facilitates the separation of electrons and holes. Notably, the significant excitonic effect in the ultrathin NiFe‐LDH system enables long‐lived excited triplet excitons (lifetime of ≈5.04 µs) to effectively convert triplet O2 molecules into singlet oxygen. Moreover, NiFe‐LDH exhibited tumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive peroxidase (POD)‐like and glutathione (GSH)‐depleting capabilities, further enhancing oxidative stress in tumor cells and inducing ferroptosis. To the best of knowledge, this is the first report on piezoelectric semiconducting sonosensitizers based on LDHs for PCT and ferroptosis, providing a comprehensive understanding of the piezocatalysis mechanism and valuable references for the application of LDHs and other 2D materials in cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postharvest fibrosis and greening of Toona sinensis buds significantly affect their quality during storage. This study aimed to clarify the effects of low-temperature storage on postharvest red TSB quality harvested in different seasons. Red TSB samples were collected from Guizhou province, China, 21 days after the beginning of spring (Lichun), summer (Lixia), and autumn (Liqiu), and stored at 4 °C in dark conditions. We compared and analyzed the appearance, microstructure, chlorophyll and cellulose content, and expression levels of related genes across different seasons. The results indicated that TSB harvested in spring had a bright, purple-red color, whereas those harvested in summer and autumn were green. All samples lost water and darkened after 1 day of storage. Severe greening occurred in spring-harvested TSB within 3 days, a phenomenon not observed in summer and autumn samples. Microstructural analysis revealed that the cells in the palisade and spongy tissues of spring and autumn TSB settled closely during storage, while summer TSB cells remained loosely aligned. Xylem cells were smallest in spring-harvested TSB and largest in autumn. Prolonged storage led to thickening of the secondary cell walls and pith cell autolysis in the petioles, enlarging the cavity area. Chlorophyll content was higher in leaves than in petioles, while cellulose content was lower in petioles across all seasons. Both chlorophyll and cellulose content increased with storage time. Gene expression analysis showed season-dependent variations and significant increases in the expression of over half of the chlorophyll-related and cellulose-related genes during refrigeration, correlating with the observed changes in chlorophyll and cellulose content. This research provides valuable insights for improving postharvest storage and freshness preservation strategies for red TSB across different seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, under the background of the excess product oil market, "reducing oil products and increasing chemical raw materials" has become the mainstream trend in the chemical industry. In recent years, ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst has been widely used in the aromatization of FCC gasoline, but its modification to improve its aromatization catalytic performance is still not perfect. Therefore, based on the existing process technology, the effect of pseudo-boehmite on the aromatization performance of Zn-P-Al/ZSM-5 catalysts was investigated on a small continuous fixed-bed reactor using 75-120 °C fractions of FCC gasoline as feedstock. The results show that the aromatization performance of Zn-P-Al/ZSM-5 catalyst is better than that of Zn-P/ZSM-5 and HZSM-5, and the best aromatization performance is obtained when the pseudo-boehmite ratio is 30%, the aromatics content and aromatics yield in liquid products are 90.82% and 54.38%, respectively. The results of catalyst characterization are consistent with those of catalyst evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circadian disruption such as shift work, jet lag, has gradually become a global health issue and is closely associated with various metabolic disorders. The influence and mechanism of circadian disruption on renal injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains inadequately understood. Here, we evaluated the impact of environmental light disruption on the progression of chronic renal injury in CKD mice. By using two abnormal light exposure models to induce circadian disruption, we found that circadian disruption induced by weekly light/dark cycle reversal (LDDL) significantly exacerbated renal dysfunction, accelerated renal injury, and promoted renal fibrosis in mice with 5/6 nephrectomy and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Mechanistically, RNA‐seq analysis revealed significant immune and metabolic disorder in the LDDL‐conditioned CKD kidneys. Consistently, renal content of ATP was decreased and ROS production was increased in the kidney tissues of the LDDL‐challenged CKD mice. Untargeted metabolomics revealed a significant buildup of lipids in the kidney affected by LDDL. Notably, the level of β‐NMN, a crucial intermediate in the NAD+ pathway, was found to be particularly reduced. Moreover, we demonstrated that both β‐NMN and melatonin administration could significantly rescue the light‐disruption associated kidney dysfunction. In conclusion, environmental circadian disruption may exacerbate chronic kidney injury by facilitating inflammatory responses and disturbing metabolic homeostasis. β‐NMN and melatonin treatments may hold potential as promising approaches for preventing and treating light‐disruption associated CKD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MPLW515L mutated mice model provided a valuable tool to investigate MPN disease. • The mutation aggravated inflammations, reduced the tight junction proteins in gut. • The mutation's effects were partially explained by phos-p38/IL-1β signaling. • The mutation affected rare bacterial taxa but not alpha diversity or dominant taxa. The MPLW515L mutation is a prevalent genetic mutation in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and utilizing this mutation in mice model can provide important insights into the disease. However, the relationship between intestinal homeostasis and MPN mice model remains elusive. In this study, we utilized a retroviral vector to transfect hematopoietic stem cells with the MPLW515L mutation, creating mutated MPN mice model to investigate their intestinal status. Our results revealed that the MPLW515L in MPN mice model aggravated inflammation in the intestines, decreased the levels of tight junction proteins and receptors for bacteria metabolites. Additionally, there was increased activation of the caspase1/IL-1β signaling pathway and a significant reduction in phos-p38 levels in the intestinal tissue in MPN mice. The MPLW515L mutation also led to up-expression of anti-microbial genes in the intestinal tract. Though the mutation had no impact on the alpha diversity and dominant bacterial taxa, it did influence the rare bacterial taxa/sub-communities and consequently impacted intestinal homeostasis. Our findings demonstrate the significance of MPLW515L mice model for studying MPN disease and highlight the mutation's influence on intestinal homeostasis, including inflammation, activation of the IL-1β signaling pathway, and the composition of gut microbial communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanodevices for multimodal tumor theranostics have shown great potentials for noninvasive tumor diagnosis and therapy, but the libraries of multimodal theranostic building blocks should be further stretched. In this work, Cu(II) ions are doped into polyaniline (Pani) nanoshuttles (NSs) to produce Cu-doped Pani (CuPani) NSs, which are demonstrated as new multimodal building blocks to perform tumor theranostics. The CuPani NSs are capable of shortening the longitudinal relaxation (T 1 ) of protons under magnetic fields and can help light up tumors in T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, the released Cu(II) ions from CuPani NSs lead to cytotoxicity, showing the behavior of chemotherapeutic agent. The good photothermal performance of CuPani NSs also makes them as photothermal agents to perform thermochemotherapy. By combining near-infrared laser irradiation, a complete tumor ablation is achieved and no tumor recurrence is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ru-supported biochars from different biomass waste were developed. • Ru/BABC from bamboo waste exhibited the best catalysis in the conversion of lignin. • Reaction pathways for the conversions of three model compounds were established. • DFT calculation and kinetic adsorption tests identified the superiority of Ru/BABC. • Ru/BABC was successfully applied in the decomposition of raw lignin. Selective transformation of lignin and its model compound is an efficient process for the valorization of lignin to valuable biofuels and chemicals. Here a series of Ru-loaded biochar (BC) catalysts from different biomass waste were developed and applied for the hydrolygenolysis of three lignin model compounds and alkaline-treated lignin, providing both maximum sustainability and economical profitability. The BC from bamboo waste with Ru loading (designated as Ru/BABC) was found to exhibit superior catalytic performance among all the carbon catalysts, giving complete conversion of model compounds and selectivities of 80.8 %, 86.0 %, 88.8 % of monocyclic products from diphenyl ether (DPE), benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) and phenethoxybenzene (PPE) respectively. Ru/BABC also exhibited excellent stability as evidenced by the 5-time recycling experiment with minimum Ru leaching. The reaction pathways for the hydrogenolysis of three model compounds were established to reveal the catalytic mechanisms of Ru/BABC and their promotions on the product selectivity. The superiority of Ru/BABC is supposed to result from its excellent porosity, a diversity of functional groups on the support and extremely high adsorption energies for the reactants which are revealed by DFT calculations. This work aims to provide some guidance for the development of BC catalysts from biomass waste, and to shed some clues on the catalytic transformation of lignin into value-added products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

n-type Mg 3 Sb 2 –Mg 3 Bi 2 alloy shows as a potential new thermoelectric material (TE) and has been widely researched recently. The pure phase n-type Mg 3 · 20 (Sb 0·3 Bi 0.7) 1.99 Te 0.01 were prepared by adjusting Mg content with the Bi impurity phase being effectively suppressed. Then, Co element was doped into the pure phase and the electrical conductivity of samples were improved. With a high power factor of 20.3 μ W cm−1K−2 for Mg 3·185 Co 0·015 (Sb 0·3 Bi 0.7) 1.99 Te 0.01 at 525 K. Additionally, it was found that the phonon scattering is enhanced due to the larger atomic mass of Co comparing to Mg and the lattice thermal conductivity is reduced. As a result, a high ZT value of ~ 1.03 at 525 K is achieved for the Mg 3·185 Co 0·015 (Sb 0·3 Bi 0.7) 1.99 Te 0.01. Co occupies the Mg site, enhancing the phonon scattering to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity thus optimizing the thermoelectric performance. Image 1 • Co was doped into the position of Mg and the electrical conductivity were improves. • With high power factor of 20.3 μWcm−1K−2 for Mg 3·185 Co 0·015 (Sb 0·3 Bi 0.7) 1.99 Te 0.01. • Phonon scattering is enhanced due to the larger atomic mass of Co comparing to Mg. • High ZT value of 1.03 at 525 K is achieved for Mg 3·185 Co 0·015 (Sb 0·3 Bi 0.7) 1.99 Te 0.01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited data and research on bladder cancer with distant metastasis, the role of surgery on the primary tumor site in metastatic bladder cancer has been controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of surgery on patients with metastatic bladder cancer and to identify any factors correlated with the treatment efficacy. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results dataset, we performed a large population‐based retrospective study. We classified patents with distant metastasis into subgroups according to their histology type and metastatic pattern. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance clinical variables bias in a 1:3 ratio. A total of 2470 patients with distant metastasis were identified from 2010 to 2016. After PSM, the study eventually included 1068 patients in the surgery group and 356 patients in the non‐surgery group. The histologic types, the number of metastatic sites, liver metastasis, surgery, and chemotherapy were significant prognostic variables for patients with distant metastasis before and after PSM. In terms of histologic types, the survival of patients with transitional cell papillary carcinoma, transitional cell non‐papillary carcinoma and adenocarcinoma can be improved by surgery alone, while the survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma can be improved only by combining chemotherapy and surgery. In terms of the number of metastatic sites, surgery alone was an independent prognostic factor in patients with 1 or 2 metastatic sites. In terms of the specificity of metastatic organs, surgery affected overall survival for patients with bone metastasis only, liver metastasis only and lung metastasis only, but for distant lymph nodes metastasis only. It may be helpful to classify patients with bladder cancer and distant metastasis into different groups by integrating variables including histology types and metastatic patterns to choose appropriate treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Making composites of low-dimension oxides and carbons is one of the most effective strategies towards better energy storage materials. Among various carbons, biomass derived carbons with many distinguishing features show great advantages. We report herein a highly ordered mollusc-shell derived 3D carbon networks (MSDCN) for high-performance composite electrode materials. When Ni(OH) 2 is chosen as a conjoined component, the obtained Ni(OH) 2 /MSDCN composite exhibits a high specific capacity of 81 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 30 A g−1, and shows no obvious capacity fading during long life cycling at 6 A g−1. Symmetric solid-state energy storage devices based on Ni(OH) 2 /MSDCN are also assembled, which demonstrates a high energy density of 10.7 W h kg−1 at a power density of 0.51 KW kg−1 with good cycling stability over 10000 cycles. Red light-emitting diode (LED, 2 V) can be easily lightened by the prepared solid-state devices. Meanwhile, the successful synthesis of Co 3 O 4 nanocube/MSDCN and MnO 2 nanowire/MSDCN composites further reveal the high application potential of the MSDCN for high performance energy storage devices. Highlights • 3D carbon network (MSDCN) are prepared from mollusc shells. • Solid-state device based on the prepared hybrid Ni(OH) 2 /MSDCN exhibits good electrochemical property. • The proposed MSDCN can be a common substrate for high-performance metal oxides/carbon hybrid electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A corrosion, wear and synergism behaviors between them of the high-entropy alloys (HEAs) FeCrNiCo(I-0), FeCrNiCoAl(I-Al) and FeCrNiCoMo (I-Mo) in artificial seawater were studied quantitatively. The I-Al has small coefficient of friction and large wear rate because the Al dissolve preferentially. The wear rate of I-Mo is the smallest for the wear debris containing molybdate fills in the corrosion pits where the FCC phase is corroded firstly. The wear is main cause of the tribocorrosion compared with the corrosion. The corrosion rate increases due to the wear is 100 times larger than the wear rate increases due to the corrosion. [Display omitted] • Effect mechanism of elements Al and Mo on the tribocorrosion in seawater were revealed. • Two tribocorrosion stage were put foreword, and the evolvement mechanisms are analyzed. • The main factors of leading to the tribocorrosion and synergism were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Cu 2 Se samples doped with different concentrations of Ag 2 S were prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Ag and S elements diffused during the preparation process and appeared aggregation in EDS mapping images. AgCuSe impurity phase can be observed in Cu 2 Se samples after Ag 2 S doping. Because of the enhanced scattering of the low- and mid-frequency phonons by AgCuSe nano inclusion, the total thermal conductivity of the Ag 2 S doped samples exhibits a significant decrease. Additionally, the diffusion and substitution of S can efficiently impede the formation of Cu vacancies. Ag ions can also fill the Cu vacancies, leading to the decreasing carrier concentration. Finally, the thermoelectric property is improved and the maximum ZT value ∼ 1.5 is achieved at 820 K in Cu 2 Se/ 2% Ag 2 S, which is about 1.5 times of the undoped Cu 2 Se sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real-time location system (RLS) based on RFID is an effective indoor positioning system. The battery-free and low cost UHF passive tags can be attached on almost any objects, which are recognized as the best medium to achieve high precision ranging and positioning for large-scale objects. This paper proposes an indoor range measurement based on multifrequency phase difference of arrival (MF-PDoA) using UHF RFID passive tags and discusses the measurement principle, experiment implementation, and results evaluation in detail. After a theoretical overview of MF-PDoA range measurement principle, it introduces an experimental prototype under EPC C1G2 standard for range measurements. Both our prototype and a commercial off-the-shelf RFID reader have been used to verify the measurement method. We propose a Kalman filter and weighting method to process the measuring data. Experiment results indicate that, in a real environment, this method can effectively improve the ranging accuracy, which lays a foundation to extend the proposed measurement into two to three dimensions indoor object positioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• With the increase of the alloying degree, the phase transition temperature of Ag 2 S shifts to low temperature. • The low-medium temperature phase transition is avoided by Cu-Se alloying in Ag 2 S, which enhanced the stability of sample. • The carrier concentration increases greatly after Ag 2 S alloying which is analyzed by positron annihilation technique. • The secondary phase of Cu and the dual liquid-like behavior after Cu-Se alloying lead to low lattice thermal conductivity. Phase transition will lead to abrupt change of thermoelectric material's properties, which will have a negative influence on the application of thermoelectric device. Therefore, avoiding the phase transition of Ag 2 S is particularly important for its heat collection applications. In this work, we reported, for the first time, that Cu-Se co-alloying in Ag 2 S can suppress phase transition and improve thermoelectric properties. Specifically, different elements and compounds alloying in Ag 2 S samples were prepared, and their influences on the phase change behavior and thermoelectric performance stability of Ag 2 S are systematically studied. It is found that the free enthalpy decreases and the heat absorption peak disappears for the Cu-Se co-alloyed Ag 2 S sample. In addition, the average lattice thermal conductivity is greatly reduced, and the κ L of Ag 1.8 Cu 0.2 S 0.5 Se 0.5 is around 0.27 W m −1 K −1 from 330 K to 450 K. Therefore, a high ZT is obtained for Cu-Se co-alloyed Ag 2 S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A smart thermochromic triboelectric nanogenerator (TC-TENG) is designed for the first time. • TC-TENG can directly visualize temperature change and stress concentration during operation. • TC-TENG can provide a stable output power density of 125 mW m−2 with various working conditions. • TC-TENG shows promising potential for monitoring working state and self-powered alarming. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) depends on the effect of contact electrification to harvest mechanical energy. However, heat generation is unavoidable during the tribo-motions. Temperature increase may not only affect the output performance of TENG, but also bring potential harm to the operators. Hence, a thermochromic triboelectric nanogenerator (TC-TENG), which can directly visualize temperature changes, is designed based on a combination of thermochromic ionic liquid (TIL) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This thermochromic polyvinylidene fluoride (TC-PVDF) film can change its color from white to light green at around 60 ℃, while it can also maintain good electrification performance for TENG. The triboelectric series of this TC-PVDF shifts to more positive position in comparison with common PVDF, which is possibly due to the contribution from TIL during the electrification. The TC-TENG with an effective contact area of 3 cm × 5 cm can provide a maximum output power density of 125 mW m−2 at a matching resistance of 330 MΩ and it shows excellent stability with various humidity and different air pressures. The proposed TC-TENG with self-alarming capability can further promote the study of intelligent TENG and fully automatic self-powered systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]