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• We design an efficient neural network, so called CaMeL-Net, to predict cancer grades in pathology images. • We propose to utilize centroids of different classes to calculate relative distances between input images and use them for the optimization of the network via metric learning. • We propose centroid-aware margin loss for efficient and effective metric learning that can exploit not only positive and negative samples but also centroids of different classes. • We propose a simple yet effective strategy, called exponential margin scheduling (EMS), that improves feature representations in the embedding space by gradually increasing the margin in metric learning. • We evaluate CaMeL-Net on multiple cancer datasets, achieving the state-of-the-art multi-class cancer classification performance and obtaining superior efficiency during training and inference. Cancer grading in pathology image analysis is a major task due to its importance in patient care, treatment, and management. The recent developments in artificial neural networks for computational pathology have demonstrated great potential to improve the accuracy and quality of cancer diagnosis. These improvements are generally ascribable to the advance in the architecture of the networks, often leading to increase in the computation and resources. In this work, we propose an efficient convolutional neural network that is designed to conduct multi-class cancer classification in an accurate and robust manner via metric learning. We propose a centroid-aware metric learning network for an improved cancer grading in pathology images. The proposed network utilizes centroids of different classes within the feature embedding space to optimize the relative distances between pathology images, which manifest the innate similarities/dissimilarities between them. For improved optimization, we introduce a new loss function and a training strategy that are tailored to the proposed network and metric learning. We evaluated the proposed approach on multiple datasets of colorectal and gastric cancers. For the colorectal cancer, two different datasets were employed that were collected from different acquisition settings. the proposed method achieved an accuracy, F1-score, quadratic weighted kappa of 88.7%, 0.849, and 0.946 for the first dataset and 83.3%, 0.764, and 0.907 for the second dataset, respectively. For the gastric cancer, the proposed method obtained an accuracy of 85.9%, F1-score of 0.793, and quadratic weighted kappa of 0.939. We also found that the proposed method outperforms other competing models and is computationally efficient. The experimental results demonstrate that the prediction results by the proposed network are both accurate and reliable. The proposed network not only outperformed other related methods in cancer classification but also achieved superior computational efficiency during training and inference. The future study will entail further development of the proposed method and the application of the method to other problems and domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrated highly stable and reversible H 2 sensors using a dual electron-conduction channel comprising Pd-coated SnO 2 nanorods (NRs) and a parallel conduction channel containing Cr/native oxide/p-type Si interface. The dual-channel sensor exhibited highly reversible resistance changes during H 2 in-and-out cycles at operating temperatures of 25 °C− 100 °C, while typical single-channel sensors with SnO 2 NRs fabricated on SiO 2 (300 nm)/Si substrates showed irreversible response because of insufficient recovery from Pd-H x to Pd-O x. In particular, the sensor showed significantly high repeatability, long-term stability, and selectivity for H 2 sensing at 80 °C. Additionally, the time taken to detect H 2 above 1% was less than 2 s and the response to H 2 above 500 ppm was unaffected by high humidity. These results indicate that the dual-channel Pd-coated SnO 2 NR sensor is suitable for applications such as hydrogen leak detectors that require high speed and precision. Moreover, it was found that the sensor could detect H 2 below 0.5 ppm even at low temperatures. This work provides a pathway for improving gas-sensing performance by interface engineering, enabling various practical hydrogen sensor applications. • We demonstrated a highly stable and reversible H 2 sensor operating at a relatively low temperature of 80 °C. • The sensor was designed to operate as a parallel conduction channel on p-type Si substrate. • The electrode/substrate interface acting as a Schottky barrier formed a highly reversible constant conduction channel. • Our study can solve the intrinsic problem of metal-oxide sensors, the irreversible resistance recovery after sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Mobile loafing, or non-work-related mobile computing, is deviant workplace behavior that can reduce productivity and increase cybersecurity risks. To thwart mobile loafing, organizations often adopt formal controls that encompass rules and policies. These formal controls can serve as a phase-shifting event. Phase shifting is a process where individuals reevaluate and revise their perceptions of the regulation of deviant behaviors. Despite the importance of understanding this process, little research has examined the announcement of formal controls as an impetus for phase shifting. The primary objectives of this study were to induce a phase-shifting perception in an organizational setting and explore its determinants and moderating role in the context of mobile loafing. Design/methodology/approach: The authors proposed and tested a model using two-wave data collected from 231 Amazon Mechanical Turk workers. To test the research hypotheses, they used covariance-based structural equation modeling and logistic regression. Findings: The authors found that peer's mobile loafing and neutralization positively influence mobile-loafing intention before and after the announcement of formal controls. This research also shows that the higher an employee's neutralization, the likelier they perceive the announcement of formal controls as phase shifting. Also, the authors found that the moderating effect of phase-shifting perceptions functions in such a way that the relationship between T1 and T2 mobile-loafing intention is weaker when employees perceive the announcement of formal controls as a phase-shifting event. Practical implications: The authors' results provide managers with useful insights into effectively using formal controls to mitigate employees' deviant behavior. To effectively use formal controls, managers should articulate formal controls that can trigger employees to revise their perceptions of counterproductive workplace behavior policies. Originality/value: This study is one of the first in information systems research to empirically examine the announcement of formal controls as a phase-shifting event and explore its antecedents and moderating role in the context of deviant workplace behavior in general and mobile loafing in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that erythrocytes that are low in n-3 fatty acids and high in trans-fatty acids and nutrient intakes are associated with the risk of atherosclerosis. Fifty patients with acute nonfatal myocardial infarction were recruited to measure their dietary intake, erythrocyte fatty acid composition, intima medial thickness (IMT), and the Gensini score, which are markers of atherosclerosis. Trans-oleic acid of erythrocytes was positively (P = .05) correlated with the carotid IMT. After adjusting for age, sex, and energy intake, the IMT was negatively associated with the intake of protein, fat, phosphate, zinc, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacin, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, total fatty acids, total n-3 fatty acids, and total n-6 fatty acids. The Gensini score was also negatively associated with the intake of protein, fat, phosphate, sodium, zinc, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, niacin, linolenic acid, total fatty acids, and total n-3 fatty acids. In conclusion, lower levels of trans-oleic acid (elaidic acid) in erythrocytes and higher intakes of vitamins, minerals, and n-3 fatty acids were associated with the decreased risk of atherosclerosis. However, these findings need further investigation in randomized controlled clinical trials before public health recommendations for atherosclerosis prevention can be made. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]