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This study reports the synthesis of barium-ferrite (BaFe2O4) particles by co-precipitation method, which is employed to prepare BaFe2O4/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/epoxy nanocomposites. Furthermore, the structural properties, ferroelectric and dielectric properties, and electromagnetic attenuation properties are studied. The role of varying concentrations of BaFe2O4, frequency, and temperature on dielectric behavior is studied. In the presence of applied field, dielectric constant enhances as a result of interfacial polarization with increasing BaFe2O4 concentration. The permittivity is highest at low frequency and decreased with increasing frequency. With temperature, initially, dielectric constant increases and then decreases as a result of charge accumulation at interfaces and leads to interfacial polarization as confirmed by ferroelectric behavior. Here, BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy composite (with 40 phr BFO, where phr denotes parts per hundred) exhibited the highest value of saturation polarization (PS) ~0.31 µC/cm2 and low value of remanent polarization (Pr), that is ~0.009 µC/cm2. Moreover, composites exhibited high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of nearly 19 dB for 40 phr BaFe2O4 concentration at 11.3 GHz. Here, the reflection-dominated SE is ~1.06 dB and absorption-dominated SE is about 18.67 dB, which dominates the total SE. The absorption-dominant behavior is depicted by the BaFe2O4/MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites in EMI shielding as further conferred in the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By tailoring and optimizing the structure of core or shell material, complete alteration of properties of the material can be obtained. Herein, we have reported synthesis of CaCu3Ti4O12@CoFe2O4 particles through the chemical co-precipitation route. CaCu3Ti4O12@CoFe2O4 particles consist of CaCu3Ti4O12 (~ 200 nm) as a core and CoFe2O4 as a shell of 2.5 nm. The prepared composites are characterized with appropriate characterization tools. The morphological results confirm the proper formation of core shell structure where CaCu3Ti4O12 and CoFe2O4 act as a core and shell, respectively. The greater CCTO content composites exhibited promising relative permittivity of 8.2 × 103 at 700 °C sintering temperature (8 h) at frequency 40 to 8 MHz. When CaCu3Ti4O12@CoFe2O4 undergoes heat treatment, it leads to the removal of oxalic acid. However, a weight loss of 8.3% is obtained for CCTO-coated composites that is quite low as compared to ~ 11% weight loss obtained in pristine CFO. The removal of organic groups significantly contributed to the increase in dielectric properties. These results imply that the development of CaCu3Ti4O12@CoFe2O4 core shell structure paves the wave for high-performance devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diversely substituted methoxy derivatives of arylpiperazinyl–alkyl benzothiazolone has been evaluated as specific probe for 5HT7. To determine the best methoxy derivative for 5HT7 receptor affinity, we synthesised a number of 2-benzothiazolone arylalkyl piperazine derivatives. In-vitro/vivo studies with C-2 substituted [11C]ABT showed 5HT7 specific binding. The radiochemical purity of [11C]ABT was found to be more than 99% with radiochemical stability persistence for more than 1.5 hr at 25 °C. The interaction of BSA and ABT has been analysed by photophysical studies for better understanding of properties such as adsortion, distribution, metabolism and elemination (ADME). The interaction between ABT and BSA was analyzed by using the UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. UV-vis spectra analyzed the changes in primary structure of BSA on its interaction with ABT. ABT showed quenched fluorescence emission intensity of tryptophan residues in BSA via static quenching mechanism. This study might help to understand how ABT binds to serum protein or subsequently to know the ADME of this drug candidate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical model of a wideband band reject filter using closed rectangular loop resonator is presented using transmission lines. The prototype design of wide band reject filter centred at 3 GHz with lower cut-off frequency of 2 GHz and upper cut-off frequency of 4 GHz is fabricate from the optimal values obtained from the numeric model on a substrate (FR4) with a dielectric constant of 4.3, loss tangent of 0.02–0.03 and substrate height of 1.6 mm. For bidirectional operations, the length-to-width ratio of filter is 2:1. The impedance of the transmission line which is connected between input and output ports is taken as double the feed line impedance while the impedance of the other half wavelength is considered as four times the feed line impedance. The design has obtained bandwidth of more than 60%. It is observed that the full wave electromagnetic results are in good agreement with the experimental and numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, dielectric behavior of CoFe2O4/MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites affected by concentration, temperature and Au ion irradiation is reported. The CoFe2O4 nanoparticles are synthesized via co‐precipitation technique. The samples of CoFe2O4/MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites are prepared by varying ferrite contents (upto 50 phr). After that, the dielectric behavior is evaluated using LCR meter. The results exhibited that the dielectric constant of CoFe2O4/MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites increases with increased ferrite content. The effect of temperature on dielectric of CoFe2O4/MWCNT/epoxy nanocomposites is observed at 27–100°C. The dielectric constant of prepared nanocomposites is gradually enhanced with elevation in temperature up to a certain value then decreased due to accumulation of charges at interfaces. Furthermore, reduced dielectric behavior of prepared nanocomposites can be seen on the account of ion irradiation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schiff base ligands are chemical compounds having diverse biological activities like industrial, agriculture and pharmaceutical. The current work discusses the evaluation of the biological properties of different synthesized mononuclear Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes. The complexes were synthesized using a condensation reaction which demonstrated the appearance of White, Cream, Black and Green. Biological activities for synthesized metal complexes were assessed against S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa and by comparing the zones of inhibition it can be depicted that metal complexes are fairly more effective inhibitors of gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore the antioxidant potential of these complexes was also evaluated and it concluded that copper complexes showed promising antioxidant activity which is higher in association with Ni(II), Fe(II), and Co(II). Hence, these metal complexes were biologically active and further studies are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2-(Bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino) acetic acid (PIC) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) vehicle-based acetamidobenzoxazolone probes have been evaluated for the assessment of a 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO). Here, PIC and EDTA work as a vehicle for possible binding of requisite metal and acetamidobenzoxazolone pharmacophore (MBP) has been used as a specific binding probe for TSPO. In silico interaction analysis was carried out to assess MBP's binding efficacy towards the TSPO. TSPO is a protein that is known to be overexpressed during inflammatory conditions, therefore, during in vivo experiments, an LPS-induced lung inflammation mouse model was developed for the administration of 99mTc-PIC-MBP and 99mTc-EDTA-MBP to understand absorption and distribution in several peripheral organs over time through SPECT imaging. In addition, photophysical analysis with serum protein, i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also performed using different spectroscopic techniques to understand the in vivo transportation/excretion of these two probes PIC-MPB and EDTA-MPB to better understand the nature of these probes as specific diagnostic agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of everyone from young children to the aged. Children especially preschoolers are highly energetic and love to go to school and do different types of activities. But because of corona pandemic lockdown, they only have their parents and siblings to interact with, play with, and do all other different types of activities. This qualitative study was conducted to explore the different types of changes that occurred in the lives of preschoolers and how their parents' roles, responsibilities got influenced, and how they were handling their young children during this trying time of being confined at home. The objectives of the study were to explore that how children at home during the time of the pandemic spent their time and to map the changes in their routine life and its effect on their life and development along with this it was also tried to document the ways in which parents are engaging children during this pandemic. Interviews were conducted through audio and video calls. The responses were subjected to thematic analysis. The key findings highlighted that education plays a significant role in preschoolers but because of the negative impact of screen time parents were not interested in online classes. The children have become more engaged in digital media due to being confined at home without school for a long duration of around ten months and because of this the aggression level has increased as they had a low social development environment, and no peer at all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the dielectric performance of calcium copper titanate (CCTO) synthesized by various possible routes is investigated. The effect of sintering temperature on dielectric, structural, morphological properties is conferred in text. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy reveals the presence of Im3 space group and body centred cubic structure. The results confirmed that 950 °C temperature is appropriate temperature for synthesis of oxide via various routes. The average particle size of CCTO is estimated to be 500 nm by field emission scanning electron microscope. The good capacitive dielectric performance of 500 °C and 1000 °C temperature sintered pellets is examined by LCR meter at frequency range of 40 Hz to 8 MHz. It is quite evidenced that oxalate co-precipitation and sono-chemical technique attributed to remarkable dielectric permittivity of 12,000 and 10,980 with minimum dielectric loss at high sintering temperature, as the temperature plays a major role in drastic enhancement in dielectric performance of a perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information on comparative gasification reactivity of high temperature chars in CO2 with high ash coal (C), sawdust (SD) and rice husk (RH) under identical condition is important for clean energy development drive particularly in countries like India, where energy matrix is dominated by coal and introduction of larger quantity of biomass in energy‐mix is attracting global interests. Therefore, TGA‐studies on char‐gasification reactivity using CO2 as a gasifying agent were performed at temperatures 850–1000 °C. In case of coal and RH‐chars, CO2 reactivity found to increase with increasing the BET surface area and reverse trend was observed with SD‐chars. Both the biomass‐chars showed increased specific micro pore surface area with increasing char preparation temperature through t‐plot analysis, still keeping unusual behavior of CO2 reactivity of SD‐char unexplained. The estimations indicating the presence of catalytically active alkali and alkaline earth metals in substantial quantity is only important criteria found to explain the decreasing trend of gasification reactivity of SD‐char prepared at various temperatures despite the increase in surface area. Catalytic activity of the components decreases with the rise in char preparation temperature. Kinetic analysis reveal that activation energy values of SD‐chars varied in the range123–182 kJ mole−1, whereas those for coal‐ and RH‐chars remained in the range 204–214 kJ mole−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The prevalence of treatment-related complications remains high throughout the course of cancer treatment resulting a decline in quality of life. Physiotherapy can have a positive influence on various domains of Quality of Life (QoL), potentially alleviating the severity of perceived complications. Aim: To evaluate the physiotherapy interventions used for managing treatment-related complications among breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Databases including Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from year 2000 to 2022 was searched with Mesh terms for trials with breast cancer patients>18 years of age participating in physiotherapy program. The primary outcome measure of interest was a significant improvement in treatment-related complications from pre- to post intervention. Change in quality of life was evaluated as secondary outcome measure. Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias and quality of included studies. Results: A total of 20 randomised controlled trials with 2019 patients incorporated various physiotherapy interventions to manage and alleviate treatment-related complications. For physical functioning (p=0.04) and the pain-sleep-fatigue cluster (p=0.006 to 0.044) different types of exercises were included. Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) combined with other electrotherapy modalities was embraced to manage lymphedema (p<0.05). For shoulder and arm dysfunction (p<0.05) passive stretching, mobilisation and strengthening exercises were incorporated. Furthermore, regular practice of exercise and physiotherapy exhibited positive impacts on overall health-related quality of life (p=0.0001 to 0.01) along with improvements in anxiety, depression, self-esteem and emotional function. Conclusion: Physiotherapy interventions are exceedingly effective in managing and providing relief from breast cancer treatment-related complications. Consequently, the integration of physiotherapy into cancer treatment protocols has the potential to enhance the overall QoL of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efforts are underway to improve the diagnosis and treatment for neurological disorders like depression, anxiety, epilepsy, and schizophrenia. The G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) 5‐HT7 receptor, the most recently identified member of 5‐HT receptor family dysregulation has an association with various central nervous system (CNS) disorders and its ligands have an edge as potential therapeutics. Here, we report the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of diversely substituted methoxy derivatives of 2‐benzoxazolone arylpiperazine for targeting 5‐HT7 receptors. Out of all derivatives, only C‐2 substituted derivative, 3‐(4‐(4‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)piperazin‐1‐yl)butyl)benzoxazol‐2(3H)‐one/ABO demonstrate a high affinity for human 5‐HT7 receptors. [11C]ABO was obtained by O‐methylation of desmethyl‐precursor using [11C]CH3OTf in the presence of NaOH giving a high radiochemical yield of 25 ± 12% (decay‐corrected, n = 7) with stability up to 1.5 h postradiolabeling. In vitro autoradiography displays binding of [11C]ABO in accordance with 5‐HT7 distribution with a decrease of approximately 80% and 40% activity in the hippocampus and cerebellum brain region when administered with 10 µM cold ligand. Prefatory positron emission tomography scan results in Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rat brain revealed fast and high radioactivity build‐up in 5‐HT7 receptor‐rich regions, namely, the hippocampus (2.75 ± 0.16 SUV) and the cerebral cortex (2.27 ± 0.02 SUV) establishing selective targeting of [11C]ABO. In summary, these pieces of data designate [11C]ABO as a promising 5‐HT7 receptor ligand that can have possible roles in clinics after its further optimization on different animal models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have shown influence of aliphatic side chain length and type on the transport properties of naphthalenediimide (NDI) materials by affecting molecular arrangement. There is lack of comparative study on the presence or absence of unsaturation in side chain and its effect on optical and electronic properties of NDI. The present work focuses on the structure–property relationship of four NDI derivatives bearing octyl (C8, OctA-NDI), hexadecyl (C16, HD-NDI), octadecyl (C18, ODA-NDI) and oleyl (C18-un, unsaturated, OLA-NDI) chain on imide-nitrogen. The self-assembling behaviour of the molecules is studied in concentrated solutions as fresh and aged samples in four different solvents by absorbance and emission spectroscopy. With increase in alkyl chain length, the aggregation behaviour is observed to increase. Very interestingly introduction of unsaturation in side chain reduces aggregation and restores the monomeric properties. Self-assembled microstructures formation was studied by scanning electron microscopy where all the four materials show different types of self-assembly formation. Finally, we compared the thermally activated electron conductivity and electron mobility of NDI derivatives, where also the side chain structure clearly influences the electron transport. Electron mobility decreases on increasing chain length from C8 to C18 and again increases in C18-un. A rationale for the structure–property relationship has been given based on the molecular packing and intermolecular π–π interactions. This study contributes significantly towards designing new NDI derivatives bearing long side chains with hampered aggregation for niche applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thrips populations were sampled from potato in north western hills, central and plateau regions and their association with Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV) was studied. We report the occurrence of Haplothrips tenuipennis Bagnall on potato for the first time from north western hills of India. The thrips was recorded from Shimla, Kufri and Fagu in Himachal Pradesh. The abundance of this species was higher in Shimla followed by Fagu and Kufri. Field collected populations of H. tenuipennis were tested for GBNV and 53, 35, 48% of them tested positive from Kufri, Fagu and Shimla locations, respectively. Also, 36.36% potato samples from Shimla were found positive for GBNV followed by 25% and 20% in Fagu and Kufri, respectively. The importance of the vector-virus complex under field conditions remains to be studied. Therefore, present reports only the occurrence of H. tenuipennis for the first time on potato in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An elevated translocator protein (18 kDa, TSPO) density is observed during inflammation in the brain and peripheral organs making it a viable target for imaging. Recently, our group has explored a pharmacophore skeleton acetamidobenzoxazolone for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) applications to target TSPO. 2-(2-(5-Bromo/chloro benzoxazolone)acetamide)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propionate (MBIP-Br/Cl) were synthesized by using tryptophan methyl ester and compared with 2-[5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3(2H)-yl]-N-methyl-N-phenyl acetamide (MBMP) through tracer techniques. Computational docking showed similar results for MBIP-Br/Cl in comparison to MBMP. Their ex vivo and in vivo biodistributions were assessed in TSPO-rich organs as well as their release kinetics 0–120 min post injection. The ex vivo biodistribution showed a 7 fold higher uptake (5.16%ID per g vs. 0.72%ID per g) in the heart and a 2.5 fold higher uptake (12.91%ID per g vs. 4.69%ID per g) in the lungs for 99mTc-MBIP-Cl compared to that of 99mTc-MBIP-Br at 15 min. These findings demonstrated that 99mTc-MBIP-Cl has improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to 99mTc-MBIP-Br for SPECT application and is comparable to [11C]MBMP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferrite/carbon (NiFe2O4/C) nanocomposite derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOF) has been evaluated as electrode material for supercapacitors. The ferrite/carbon hybrid has synthesized via one-step solvothermal method followed by heat treatment. The thermal treatment of the MOF has been conducted under different environments (N2 and air) at various temperatures, resulting in the formation of a porous diamond-shaped ferrite/carbon nanocomposite. Notably, the material subjected to pyrolysis at 500 °C in an N2 environment exhibits remarkable enhancements in its properties, showcasing the highest specific capacitance of 85.5 F g−1 at a current density of 0.25 A g−1. This excellent specific capacitance is attributed to surface redox reactions that take place due to the material's large active surface area. Asymmetric supercapacitor composed of NF500 and activated carbon has shown a high energy density of 69.2 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 180.07 W kg−1. These outstanding electrochemical properties make the synthesized hybrid material a highly promising candidate for various energy storage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the association between serum carotenoids and quantitative measures of retinal vasculature in elderly Singapore Chinese subjects. The following details were collected in 128 healthy subjects: sociodemographics, lifestyle information, medical and drug history, and anthropometric measurements. Serum concentrations of carotenoids were estimated in fasting venous blood using high performance liquid chromatography. Retinal vascular parameters were quantitatively measured from retinal photographs using a computer-assisted program (Singapore I Vessel Assessment). The mean age of the population was 54.1 years (range 40 to 81 years). In multiple linear regression analysis, per SD decrease in retinal arteriolar caliber [β = 0.045 (0.003 to 0.086), p = 0.036], per SD increase in retinal venular caliber [β = -0.045 (-0.086 to -0.003), p = 0.036] and per SD increase in arteriolar branching angle [β = -0.039 (-0.072 to -0.006), p = 0.021] were associated with decreased serum lutein. Per SD increase in retinal venular tortuosity [β = -0.0075 (-0.0145 to -0.0004), p = 0.039] and per SD increase in arteriolar branching angle (β = -0.0073 [-0.0142 to -0.0059], p = 0.041) were associated with decreased serum zeaxanthin. None of the other carotenoids demonstrated meaningful relationship with quantitative measures of retinal vasculature. Lower levels of lutein and zeaxanthin demonstrated significant relationship with adverse quantitative measures of retinal vasculature in elderly healthy subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, a multilayer reflective optical filter consisting of 24 alternate layers of SiO 2 and TiO 2 was designed and fabricated on BK7 glass substrate using Ion Assisted electron beam Deposition (IAD) technique. The spectroscopic characterization of the filter was carried out in Vis-NIR range with Universal Measurement Accessory (UMA) to measure its optical performance at normal and oblique angles of incidences. The measurements confirmed the optical peak reflectance of more than 99.98% at design wavelength of Nd:YAG laser centred at 1064 nm. The tuning of refractive indices of the constituent layers during deposition resulted in a Full-Width at Half-Maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 330 nm of the fabricated filter which enables its use at any angle of incidences between 0 and 60° for manipulating the laser beam. Qualitative assessment of the mechanical stability of the coated filter with respect to its adhesion and abrasion resistance was carried out in accordance with MIL-F-48616 and MIL-E−12397 respectively. The achieved optical performance of the coated filter is suited for beam steering and folding of high power laser beams for metal cutting, diamond processing and in other laser based material processing instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescence, one of the key stages of development, is a period when many fundamental physical and psychological changes occur. Adolescents must cope with a higher number of the bio-psycho-social changes compared to children. When adolescents become able to cope with the controversial and problematic situations, their self-perception improves and matures. Verbal behavior is important part of day to day life experiences. It controls the behavior of a person. It also reflects the thought process of a person. Present study aims to assess coping strategies used by adolescents with negative verbal behavior. 100 Samples (Adolescent Boys) were included who were qualified the inclusion and exclusion criteria based on Stratified Random Sampling Technique. In present study cross sectional design was used. Tools: They were evaluated on Semi-structured interview schedule which was self prepared for assessing the coping strategy. The result revealed that maximum coping strategies used by adolescent boys to cope up from the negative verbal behavior is ignoring (35%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermally activated electrical conductivity and charge transfer properties of self-assembled naphthalene diimide molecule have been studied with N,N'di(hexadecyl)naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (HD-NDI) derivative. The self-assembly of HD-NDI has been resulted in one-dimensional large micron-size ribbons. The aggregate formation and self-assembling property have been extensively studied by absorption, fluorescence and X-ray diffraction analysis. Absorption and fluorescence measurements were taken in variety of solvents in fresh and aged samples, and the study suggested J-type aggregation for self-assembly formation. The electrical conductivity of self-assembled HD-NDI material was measured as a function of temperature where the conductivity increased with temperature and the highest conductivity (1 × 10 S/cm) was obtained at 250 °C. SEM images clearly show the formation of ribbons of micron size. Further the electron transport property of HD-NDI was also evaluated by SCLC method at room temperature by fabricating electron-only devices with annealing the film at ~ 200 °C. HD-NDI shows excellent electron mobility (1.8 × 10 cm V s) because of effective channel formation due to self-assembly of HD-NDI molecules, and this material may find potential application in variety of electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have synthesized six new congeners of acetamidobenzoxazolone for Translocator Protein [18 kDa, TSPO] imaging. The best in vitro binding affinity (10.8 ± 1.2 n m) for TSPO was found for N-methyl-2-(5-(naphthalen-1-yl)-2-oxobenzo[ d]oxazol-3(2 H)-yl)- N-phenylacetamide, ( NBMP). NBMP was synthesised by Suzuki coupling reaction between 2-(5-bromo-2-oxo-1,3-benzoxazol-3(2 H)-yl)- N-phenylacetamide and napthalene-1-boronic acid. Computational docking and simulation studies showed not much impact of intersubject variability on binding which is one of the major drawbacks of several TSPO ligands. These findings suggested that NBMP may become a promising marker for visualization of neuroinflammation via TSPO targeting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rising incidences of cancer cases, the quest for new metal based anticancer drugs has led to extensive research in cancer biology. Zinc complexes of amino acid residue side chains are well recognized for hydrolysis of phosphodiester bond in DNA at faster rate. In the presented work, a Zn(II) complex of cyclen substituted with two l -tryptophan units, Zn(II)-Cyclen-(Trp) 2 has been synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity. Zn(II)-Cyclen-(Trp) 2 was synthesized in ∼70% yield and its DNA binding potential was evaluated through QM/MM study which suggested good binding (G = −9.426) with B-DNA. The decrease in intensity of the positive and negative bands of CT-DNA at 278 nm and 240 nm, respectively demonstrated an effective unwinding of the DNA helix with loss of helicity. The complex was identified as an antiproliferative agent against U-87 MG cells with 5 fold increase in apoptosis with respect to control (2 h post incubation, IC 50 25 µM). Electrophoresis and comet assay studies exhibited an increase in DNA breakage after treatment with complex while caspase-3/β-actin cleavage established a caspase-3 dependent apoptosis pathway in U-87 MG cells after triggering DNA damage. In vivo tumor specificity of the developed ligand was validated after radiocomplexation with 99m Tc (>98% radiochemical yield and specific activity of 2.56 GBq/µmol). Avid tumor/muscle ratio of >6 was depicted in biodistribution and SPECT imaging studies in U-87 MG xenograft model nude mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A facile synthesis of TSPO selective DOTA-MBP has been described. • Higher complex stability for in vivo application. • Promising SPECT probe for Pulmonary Inflammation. • In addition with SPECT it can also use as MR Contrast agent. Translocator protein (TSPO) is well known inflammatory target. We have designed a new molecule DOTA-MBP. In-silico studies have been performed to evaluate the binding affinity potential of MBP towards the TSPO. The stability of DOTA-MBP was assessed for Gd (III) for possible application as chelating vehicle or other MR contrast agent. For in vivo studies LPS induced lung inflammation model was develop in mice and after 24 h of LPS administration biodistribution and 99mTc-DOTA-MBP imaging have been performed to monitor the uptake and distribution of radioactivity in different peripheral organs with time. In conclusion we can say that DOTA-MBP as potential candidate to locate the lung inflammation as well as monitor the severity of disease through SPECT or MRI. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dispersion-free solvent extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) from nitric acid medium was studied employing microporous hollow fiber membrane with several monoamide extractants, viz. N , N -di-2-ethylhexyl isobutyramide (D2EHiBA), N , N -dihexyl hexanamide (DHHA), N , N -dihexyl decanamide (DHDA) and N , N -dihexyl octanamide (DHOA), and the results were compared with those obtained with conventional TBP extractant. Effects of flow rate and feed metal ion concentration on the extraction rate were examined. The extraction was principally controlled by the distribution coefficient of the metal ions with the extractants. The studies were performed under different hydrodynamic conditions and the overall mass transfer coefficients of the extracting species were calculated and found to be independent of the flow rates. The overall extraction rates were governed by the viscosity and density of the organic phase. The separation factor between U(VI) and Th(IV) was excellent with branched chain monoamides, viz. D2EHiBA, followed by DHOA. The results indicated the selective recovery of Uranium in the presence of large concentrations of Thorium by monoamides in dispersion-free solvent extraction method. A mathematical model was employed for predicting the extraction behavior of metal ions, which gave an excellent match between the calculated and the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cognitive profile in schizophrenia is characterized by deficits across several domains, notably attention, memory and executive functions. The aspects of executive functions that are compromised in schizophrenia are the capacities for volitional activity, forward planning and self regulation. Therefore, cognitive enhancement interventions programs have been achieving importance and interest because they may provide direct benefits to patients with executive dysfunctions (Wykes et al., 2011). To see the effect of executive function rehabilitation training on patients with schizophrenia. By using purposive sampling technique, 10 patients of schizophrenia were chosen according to ICD 10 DCR criteria and were divided randomly into two groups, experimental group and control group. Executive functioning was assessed among all the participants of experimental group as well as control group by using WCST. After baseline assessment, executive function rehabilitation training was provided to the experimental group using executive function module of Brainwave R series and after the training both the groups were assessed by using WCST. The patients with schizophrenia demonstrated improvement in various measures of WCST namely perseverative errors, percent perseverative errors, non perseverative errors, percent non perseverative errors, conceptual level responses, percent conceptual level responses and number of categories completed after they underwent executive function rehabilitation training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Straight chainN,N-dihexyloctanamide (DHOA) has been identified as a promising alternative of tributyl phosphate (TBP) in the reprocessing of irradiated uranium based fuels. This article deals with the evaluation of DHOA vis-à-vis TBP as extractant in counter-current runs employing centrifugal contactors for uranium extraction from feed solutions of varying compositions such as uranium solutions (20, 50.4 g/L) at acidities (1–4 M HNO3), and simulated Advanced Heavy Water Reactor (AHWR) spent fuel dissolver solution. Experiments were also carried out to recover uranium from assorted organic waste solutions. Dispersion number of DHOA was calculated prior to counter-current runs and compared with different solvents proposed for back-end of fuel cycle. These runs demonstrated that DHOA is a promising alternative of TBP for various hydrometallurgical operations dealing with the recovery of uranium from solutions of various origins including spent fuel dissolver solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These studies were carried out tounderstand the cloud formationbehavior of nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl-polyethyleneglycol; t-Oct-C6H4-(OCH2CH2)xOH, x= 7–8) in different aqueous media such as distilled water,Na-acetate, NaNO3, etc. The effects of organic dopents(often added for metal extractions) such as tributyl phosphate (TBP), n-dodecane, dibenzoylmethane (DBM), and thenoyltrifluoroacetone(HTTA) on cloud formation and metal ions (viz. U(VI), Am(III), Sr(II),and Cs(I)) extraction were also investigated. The cloud formationbehavior was investigated visually, by spectrophotometry and by dynamiclight scattering (DLS). For distilled water (DW) + 0.12% w/v TritonX-114 system (pH 5–6), the cloud point (CP) decreased withincrease concentration of TBP (24 °C (no TBP) to ∼5 °C(0.11 M TBP)). By contrast, the addition of n-dodecanein DW + 0.12% w/v Triton X-114, required higher temperature for cloudformation. Similar observations were made in 0.1 M Na-acetate and0.1 M NaNO3media. The CP was observed at 12 °C for0.1 M Na-acetate + 0.12% w/v Triton X-114 system (pH 8) after theaddition of 1 × 10–4M DBM (methanol). Thissuggests that the presence of polar molecules helps in the dehydrationof hydrophilic ends of the surfactant. Spectrophotometric and DLSmeasurements also conformed to the visual method for identifying theCP for different samples. These measurements showed an abrupt increasein the absorbance or aggregate size at the cloud point. Extraction(%) of the metal ions using DBM and HTTA as extractants followed theorder: U(VI) > Am(III) > Sr(II) > Cs(I). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relative stability of different oxidation states of actinide elements is influenced by the nature of complexes formed and redox equilibria in aqueous/non-aqueous solutions. The reduction/stripping studies on Pu(IV) ions from loaded organic phases of 1.1 M tributyl phosphate and of 1.1 M N,N-dihexyl octanamide in n-dodecane were studied using organic soluble tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBH) and aqueous soluble reductants like acetaldoxime (AX) and hydroxyurea (HU). These studies were carried out as a function of reductant and nitric acid concentration (0.5-4 M HNO) and of time. The changes in Pu oxidation states were followed by spectrophotometry for TBH and by distribution ratio values for AX and HU as reductants. Spectrophotometric investigations using TBH as reductant showed that it was desirable to strip Pu(III) formed after reduction of Pu(IV) in the organic phase, which may otherwise be reconverted to extractable Pu(IV) by in situ generated HNO from oxidative degradation of TBH to tert-butyl quinone. Similarly, the biphasic reduction/stripping of Pu(IV) using AX and HU as reductant rate was affected adversely with increased aqueous phase acidity. This data will help in the accurate simulation of Pu separation processes using these reductants in mixer-settlers/pulsed columns or centrifugal contactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An Advanced Heavy Water Reactor (AHWR) has been specifically designed to exploit Th/233U as fuels. The reprocessing is focused mainly on the recovery of233U and Pu from the spent fuels leaving bulk of Th (∼100 g/L) in the High Level Waste (HLW) solutions. No systematic attempts have been made so far to identify suitable solvents for the recovery of thorium from high level waste (HLW) solutions generated after AHWR spent fuel reprocessing. Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), though the work horse for nuclear fuel reprocessing as an extractant, suffers from the serious limitation of third-phase formation during the extraction of macro concentrations of thorium. Two straight chain dialkyl amides such asN,N-dihexyl octanamide (DHOA), andN,N-dihexyl decanamide (DHDA) as well as TBP were evaluated for the recovery of the thorium from AHWR-HLW solutions. Attempts were made to identify suitable solvent (extractant + diluent) system and optimize the conditions for the recovery of thorium from HLW solutions. Selectivity of the solvents was examined for thorium extraction over fission products/structural materials under AHWR raffinate solutions. Counter-current centrifugal contactor runs were also carried out on simulated waste solutions to validate the optimized conditions for the recovery of thorium from the simulated AHWR waste solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Even though tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)has beenthe work horse for spent fuel reprocessing, some of its drawbacksare of major concern. Based on batch extraction studies, our groupat Radiochemistry Division, BARC has proposed N,N-dihexyl octanamide (DHOA) as an alternative extractant to TBP forthe reprocessing of three component Advanced Heavy Water Reactor (AHWR)spent fuels. To validate the batch data, twelve stage counter-currentmixer settler runs were carried out on a simulated AHWR feed [∼2g/L U + ∼2 g/L Pu + 100 g/L Th + 0.03 M HF + 0.1 M Al(NO3)3at ∼3.5 M HNO3] (with a Putracer instead of 2 g/L; due to marginal variation in its extractionbehavior) with 0.18 M TBP and 0.36 M DHOA/n-dodecaneas extractants. Quantitative extraction of Pu and U was achieved in∼5 stages (maintaining volume ratio (O/A) as 1.1) leaving thebulk of thorium in the raffinate. Co-extracted thorium (∼4.5%)from the organic phase was scrubbed using 4 M HNO3. Partitioningof Pu from a loaded organic phase was carried out employing 0.5 Mhydroxyl ammonium nitrate (HAN) at 2 M HNO3as the strippant.Finally, uranium was stripped quantitatively using 0.01 M HNO3. The results clearly established the cocurrent studies using0.36 M DHOA/n-dodecane as the extractant. The proposedflow sheet using 0.36 M DHOA/n-dodecane appears attractivewith respect to the volume of the organic waste generated as comparedto that of 0.18 M TBP/n-dodecane. Radiolytic degradationand hydrodynamic parameters of 0.36 M DHOA were also evaluated vis-à-vis0.18 M TBP in n-dodecane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Ferroelectric c-oriented Bi2VO5.5 (BVO) thin films (thickness ≈300nm) were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition on corning glass substrates. Nonlinear refractive index (n 2) and two photon absorption coefficient (β) were measured by Z-scan technique at 532nm wavelength delivering pulses with 10ns duration. Relatively large values of n 2 =2.05±0.2×10−10 cm2/W and β =9.36±0.3cm/MW were obtained for BVO thin films. Origin of the large optical nonlinearities in BVO thin films was discussed based on bond–orbital theory of transition metal oxides. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Extraction behavior of neptunium has been compared for tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and N,N-dihexyl octanamide (DHOA) extractants as a function of nitric acid concentration (0.5 − 6 M HNO3), uranium loading (50 and 300 g/L relevant to Pu rich fast reactor and Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor, PHWR spent fuels, respectively), and in the presence of oxidizing and reducing agents. These studies suggest the possibility of co-recovery of U(VI), Pu(IV) and Np(IV) from spent fuel dissolver solutions (of Pu rich fuels) employing DHOA as extractant. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Spectrophotometric investigations have been carried out on the disproportionation of Np(V) to form Np(IV) and Np(VI) in 1.1 mol⋅L solutions of tributyl phosphate (TBP) and in N, N-dihexyl octanamide (DHOA) in n-dodecane medium. The Np(V) was found to coordinate with Np(IV) in 1.1 mol⋅L TBP solution in n-dodecane to form a mixed valence 'cation-cation' complex by bonding through an axial oxo group on Np(V). By contrast, this interaction was less prominent in the case of 1.1 mol⋅L DHOA solutions. The effect of 1-octanol, added as phase modifier, on the disproportionation behavior of Np(V) was also investigated. An attempt was made to calculate the disproportionation/reduction rate constants for Np(V) under the conditions of these studies. Absorbance measurements on the Np stripped from organic phases revealed the occurrence of Np(V) in the aqueous phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extraction behavior of 1 × 10-0.1 M U(VI) from aqueous phases containing 0.86 M Th(IV) at 4 M HNO in 1.1 M tributyl phosphate (TBP) and 1.1 M N,N-dihexyl octanamide (DHOA) solutions in different diluents viz. n-dodecane, 10% 1-octanol + n-dodecane, and decahydronaphthalene (decalin) was studied. Third-phase formation was observed in both the extractants using n-dodecane as diluent. There was a gradual decrease in Th(IV) concentration in the third-phase (heavy organic phase, HOP) with increased aqueous U(VI) concentration [0.71 M (no U(VI))-0.61 M (0.1 M U(VI)) for TBP; 0.27 M (no U(VI))-0.22 M (0.1 M U(VI)) for DHOA]. The HOP volume in case of DHOA was ~2.2 times of that of TBP. Uranium concentration in HOP increased with its initial concentration in the aqueous phase [from 1.8 × 10 M (0.01 M U(VI))-0.162 M (0.1 M U(VI)) for TBP; from 1.4 × 10 M (0.01 M U(VI))-0.14 M (0.1 M U(VI)) for DHOA] suggesting that Th(IV) was being replaced by U(VI). An empirical correlation was developed for predicting the concentrations of uranium and thorium in HOP for both the extractants. No third-phase appeared during the extraction of uranium and thorium from the aqueous phases employing 10% 1-octanol + n-dodecane, or decalin as diluents, and therefore, were better choices as diluent for alleviating the third-phase formation during the reprocessing of spent thorium based fuels, and for the recovery of thorium from high-level waste solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Straight chain N,N-dihexyloctanamide (DHOA) has been identified as a promising alternate extractant to tributyl phosphate (TBP) for the reprocessing of uranium based spent fuels. The present work compares extraction behavior of technetium using DHOA and TBP solutions in n-dodecane, under varying experimental conditions such as acidity (0.5-6 M HNO3); extractant concentration (1.1 and 1.5 M), and uranium loading (50 g/L, relevant for Pu rich spent fuel feed solutions). The effect of acetohydroxamic acid concentration on U, Pu, Np, and Tc extraction behavior has also been investigated. Pu(IV)-AHA interaction and its influence on extraction using TBP and DHOA extractants has been studied spectrophotometrically. The experimental data suggest that 1.1 M DHOA is better than 1.1 M TBP with respect to co-extraction of Tc and U, and U decontamination with respect to Np/Pu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Nano structured carbon nitride thin films were deposited at different RF powers in the range of 50W to 225W and constant gas ratio of (argon: nitrogen) Ar:N2 by RF magnetron sputtering. The atomic percentage of Nitrogen: Carbon (N/C) content and impedance of the films increased from 14.36% to 22.31% and 9×10− 1 Ω to 7×105 Ω respectively with increase in RF power. The hardness of the deposited films increased from 3.12GPa to 13.12GPa. The increase in sp3 hybridized C–N sites and decrease of grain size with increase in RF power is responsible for such variation of observed mechanical and electrical properties. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The optical properties of Bi2V1−x Mn x O5.5−x {x =0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 at.%} thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition on platinized silicon substrates were studied in UV–visible spectral region (1.51–4.17eV) using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The optical constants and thicknesses of these films have been obtained by fitting the ellipsometric data (Ψ and Δ) using a multilayer four-phase model system and a relaxed Lorentz oscillator dispersion relation. The surface roughness and film thickness obtained by spectroscopic ellipsometry were found to be consistent with the results obtained by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy. The refractive index measured at 650nm does not show any marginal increase with Mn content. Further, the extinction coefficient does not show much decrease with increasing Mn content. An increase in optical band gap energy from 2.52 to 2.77eV with increasing Mn content from x =0.05 to 0.15 was attributed to the increase in oxygen ion vacancy disorder. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Titanium nitride and titanium oxynitride films were deposited by varying the plasma current density from 10 mA/cm2 to 40 mA/cm2 using DC magnetron sputtering at constant gas flow rate and deposition time. Samples were characterized by Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction, XPS, Nanoindentation and colorimetric analysis. Different coloured films like golden, blue, pink and green were obtained at different current densities. At lower current density (10 mA/cm2), golden coloured stoichiometric titanium nitride film was formed. At higher current densities (20, 30 and 40 mA/cm2), non stoichiometric Titanium oxynitride films of colour blue, pink and green were formed respectively. The thickness of the films increased with plasma current density from 43 nm to 117 nm. It was found that the colour variation was not only due to thickness of the film but also due to oxygen atoms replacing the nitrogen positions in TiN lattice. Hardness and Young Modulus of the films were found to decrease from 17.49 GPa to 7.05 GPa and 319.58 GPa–246.77 GPa respectively with increasing plasma current density. This variation of hardness and Young Modulus of the films can be speculated due to change in crystal orientation caused by oxygen incorporation in the films. The film resistivity increased from 16.46 × 10−4 to 3.28 × 10−1 Ω cm for increasing plasma current density caused due to oxygen incorporation in the crystal lattice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Bi2V1−x Nb x O5.5 {(x =0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4), (BVN)} thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition on (111) Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si and Corning glass substrates and investigated systematically for their microstructural, optical and ac conduction properties. The undoped bismuth vanadate, Bi2VO5.5 (BVO) thin films were highly textured and have been associated with the c-axis oriented grains of the layered perovskite structure, while the Nb doped films consisted of randomly oriented crystallites. The scanning electron microscopy of the films indicates that the grain size increases with increase in Nb content. The optical transmission studies carried out on the samples deposited on Corning glass substrates revealed that these films were nearly 80% transparent in the 400–900nm range and the band gap of Nb doped BVO thin films was slightly higher (3.13eV for x =0.4) than that of the undoped (2.91eV) films. The dielectric constant of the Nb doped films increased with increase in Nb content, while the dielectric loss decreased especially in the 3–100kHz frequency range. At a particular frequency, the conductivity decreased with increase in Nb content in the BVN thin films. In the higher temperature range, the activation energy varied from 0.61eV (x =0.1) to 0.76eV (x =0.4) measured at 100Hz. The frequency analysis of the dielectric and ac conduction properties of these films suggests the conduction process in these films to be via oxygen ion vacancy motion through various defect sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ferroelectric bismuth vandante, Bi2VO5.5 (BVO) thin films with layered perovskite structure were deposited by pulsed excimer laser ablation technique on (111) Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates. The polarization hysteresis (P versus E) studies on the BVO thin films at 300K confirmed the remnant polarization (P r) and coercive field (E c) to be 5.6μC/cm2 and 113kV/cm, respectively. The same was corroborated via the capacitance–voltage measurements. The dielectric response and conduction mechanism of BVO thin films under small ac fields were analyzed using impendence spectroscopy. A strong low frequency dielectric dispersion (LFDD) was found to exist in these films, which was ascribed to the presence of the ionized space charge carriers such as oxygen ion vacancies and interfacial polarization. The room temperature dielectric constant and the loss (D) at 100kHz were 233 and 0.07, respectively. The thermal activation energy for the relaxation process of the ionized space charge carriers was 0.85eV. The frequency characteristics of BVO thin films under study showed universal dynamic response that was proposed by Jonscher for the systems associated with quasi-free charges. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ferroelectric bismuth vanadate Bi2VO5.5 (BVO) thin films have been successfully grown on p-type Si(100) substrate by using chemical solution decomposition (CSD) technique followed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The crystalline nature of the films has been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study the microstructure of the films. The dielectric properties of the films were studied. The capacitance–voltage characteristics have been studied in metal–ferroelectric–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) configuration. The dielectric constant of BVO thin films formed on Si(100) is about 146 measured at a frequency of 100kHz at room temperature. The capacitance–voltage plot of a Bi2VO5.5 MFIS capacitor subjected to a dc polarizing voltages shows a memory window of 1.42V during a sweep of ±5V gate bias. The flatband voltage (V f) shifts towards the positive direction rather than negative direction. This leads to the asymmetric behavior of the C–V curve and decrease in memory window. The oxide trap density at a ramp rate of 0.2V/s was estimated to be as high as 1.45×1012 cm−2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Duffy suggested the use of double-aperture imaging system for the measurement of in-plane displacement component. In this arrangement, twin apertures are placed symmetrically over the imaging lens. This imaging system is used in speckle metrology to measure component of displacement parallel to the line joining the two apertures. The imaging lens used in such configuration need not be diffraction limited over the entire lens aperture, but only over the two small areas encompassed by the two apertures. In present work, compact holographic lenses have been used to generate the two apertures of Duffy''s double-aperture interferometer. This imaging system has been used in speckle metrology to measure crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) in an aluminium beam specimen having central edge crack subjected to three point bending. Experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Present experimental investigation reveals that compact holographic lenses can be used advantageously to generate apertures of double-aperture speckle interferometer for its use in the measurement of in-plane displacement component. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Recently, the 5-HT7 receptor has achieved greater attention in research fraternity due to the involvement of neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in several neurological disorders. Targeting this neuroreceptor, we have synthesized six compounds named as butyl-benzoxazolone substituted piperazinium derivatives (BBOP) derivatives, abbreviated as L1-L6. These compounds have been evaluated for their binding interaction with BSA through photophysical and in-silico approaches. The UV absorption of these compounds with BSA at λmax = 280 nm, showed an optical density (O.D.) in the range of 0.5–0.9, i.e., 21%-53% (L1max = 1.4, L5min = 0.7385) at varied concentrations (17 μM-114 μM). For fluorescence studies, the Ksv value varied inversely with temperature, which confirmed the static mechanism of quenching with L1 showing maximum quenching. The parameters (ΔH, ΔS) obtained from the thermodynamic study for interaction between BSA and L1-L6 were correlated with in-silico (molecular docking) data. The in-silico docking study showed hydrophobic and the Van der Waals forces were the most significant forces. Amino acid residues ARG 217 & TRP 213 (Sudlow Site I) and LYS 116 & GLU 125 (Sudlow Site II) of BSA were primarily involved in H-bonding.Furthermore, the catalytic activity of BSA for hydrolyzingdifferent chemical entities have monitored in the presence of L1-L6 through esterase-like assay with p-NPA as a substrate, to get more insight about the interaction with catalytic residues (LYS 414, LYS 413, and TYR 411) in BSA at site II. These findings showed the potential of these 5-HT7 markers as promising ligands with appropriate drug likeliness characteristics.Graphical abstract: Recently, the 5-HT7 receptor has achieved greater attention in research fraternity due to the involvement of neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) in several neurological disorders. Targeting this neuroreceptor, we have synthesized six compounds named as butyl-benzoxazolone substituted piperazinium derivatives (BBOP) derivatives, abbreviated as L1-L6. These compounds have been evaluated for their binding interaction with BSA through photophysical and in-silico approaches. The UV absorption of these compounds with BSA at λmax = 280 nm, showed an optical density (O.D.) in the range of 0.5–0.9, i.e., 21%-53% (L1max = 1.4, L5min = 0.7385) at varied concentrations (17 μM-114 μM). For fluorescence studies, the Ksv value varied inversely with temperature, which confirmed the static mechanism of quenching with L1 showing maximum quenching. The parameters (ΔH, ΔS) obtained from the thermodynamic study for interaction between BSA and L1-L6 were correlated with in-silico (molecular docking) data. The in-silico docking study showed hydrophobic and the Van der Waals forces were the most significant forces. Amino acid residues ARG 217 & TRP 213 (Sudlow Site I) and LYS 116 & GLU 125 (Sudlow Site II) of BSA were primarily involved in H-bonding.Furthermore, the catalytic activity of BSA for hydrolyzingdifferent chemical entities have monitored in the presence of L1-L6 through esterase-like assay with p-NPA as a substrate, to get more insight about the interaction with catalytic residues (LYS 414, LYS 413, and TYR 411) in BSA at site II. These findings showed the potential of these 5-HT7 markers as promising ligands with appropriate drug likeliness characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]