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The fashion industry is one of the sectors most responsible for environmental pollution and waste generation. Zero-waste design either minimises or prevents waste generation by efficient use of resources for sustainable growth with environmental responsibility. This paper reviews traditional clothing, focusing on pants, go (袴), from the Joseon Dynasty, an era that emphasised 'oneness with nature'. It analyses their zero-waste design aspects and formative features and, in order to examine their eco-friendliness and aesthetic value applies these to three fashion designs. Sapok pants, pungcha pants and dan-sokgot were selected as design motifs because of their unique structures, creative construction methods and zero-waste aspects. Results demonstrate that the zero-waste patternmaking and composition methods significantly lowered the fabric waste rate, by 0.6–6%. In addition, new design silhouettes are presented by applying unique structural principles and recombining traditional patterns, and these offer highly effective and creative alternate zero-waste fashion design methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of γ-ray irradiation on the color and structure of the nucleus and cultured pearl nucleus is studied experimentally. By using a (60Co) γ-ray irradiator, the nucleus originating from freshwater shell is irradiated. Consequently, the color of the nucleus is altered from white to blackish brown or gray by an increase in the irradiation dose treatments. The structural identification of all samples has been confirmed using X-ray diffraction. It is clearly found that all the samples are composed of aragonite, a common phase of the mineral CaCO3. A slight change in the crystallinity of the sample is observed when irradiated with high dose of radiation. Scanning electron microscopy images show that there are no morphological changes by irradiation. UV–Vis spectroscopic measurement is used to distinguish and analyze the change of color due to different irradiation doses. With an increase in the γ-ray radiation doses, a red shift in the absorption edge of the optical spectra of pearl nucleus is observed. Electron spin resonance signal shows mainly the presence of radiation-induced radicalsas color center defects within the samples. An increase in the defects with a gradual increase in the radiation dose depicts that the defect-level transition is the dominant mechanism for the color change in the pearl nucleus. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]