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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, also referred to as inflammatory fibrosarcoma, is a rare tumor composed of myofibroblastic spindle cells of uncertain etiology and disputed nosology. We report a case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the omentum with involvement of the bone marrow in an 18-year-old man. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies of the abdominal mass and bone marrow were consistent with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Additionally, fluorescence in situ hybridization using a probe specific for the ALK gene showed disruption of the gene. The literature is reviewed with emphasis on the ability of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor to recur, metastasize, and cause mortality. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:865-867). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]