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Stress among college students is a well-explored area with profound implications for their emotional well-being. Despite extensive research, the literature presents inconsistent and mixed findings regarding its relationship with emotional well-being, particularly focusing on medical students. Moreover, there is no meta-analytic study to address this inconsistency. To bridge these gaps, this study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the nuanced association between stress among non-medical college students and their emotional well-being. The systematic review utilized databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, search engine: Google Scholar, and gray literature sources: ProQuest and Research Gate. The dataset consisted of 46 eligible studies (k), comprising 26,214 participants across 20 countries. The mean age was 21.86 (k = 32), with females constituting 60 % (k = 45). The majority of studies employed a cross-sectional/correlational design. The estimated pooled correlation is found to be −0.27 (95 % CI : −0.33, −0.21, p <.01; I 2 = 97.5 %, k = 46). Subgroup analysis revealed significant influences of the type of stress (p <.01), emotional well-being (p <.01), tools (p <.01) used, significance status of findings (p <.001), and demographic factors – country (p <.001) and income level (p <.05). The study found an inversely significant and moderate association between stress and emotional well-being in non-medical college students, consistent with existing literature. Significant moderation by study and demographic variables suggests substantial heterogeneity among studies, highlighting potential influences from demographics, methodologies, and populations. • Findings on stress among and emotional well-being among college students are with inconsistent literature. • No comprehensive meta-analysis to address this inconsistency is available. • The present meta-analysis shows moderate negative association between stress and emotional well-being (r = -0.27). • Significant influences of stress type, tools used for measurement, precision, and demographic factors are revealed. • This study underscores the importance of addressing stress among college students for their emotional well-being. • Further research could delve into specific stressors and interventions to mitigate their impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the determinants of poverty across all provinces using 2019–20 data from the Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement (PSLM) survey. The results from binary logistic regression analysis reveal several significant findings; household size, the square of the household head’s age, marital status and province-specific factors are positively associated with a household head’s classification as poor. Conversely, the age and gender of the household head, educational levels of the household head, household characteristics, and assets exhibit negative correlations with poverty. The findings will offer valuable insights for policymakers to formulate targeted poverty reduction strategies toward potential solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat pollen, which is characterized by its short lifespan, exhibits rapid germination after anthesis. The preservation of wheat pollen is contingent upon environmental factors including temperature, relative humidity, light, and wind. The aim is to explicate the process for efficiently storing wheat pollen, particularly with regard to breeding. The short longevity of wheat pollen grains renders it impractical to conduct tests for pollen viability and in vitro germination on a large scale. Herein, the impact of storage temperatures and duration was assessed on pollen viability and in vitro germination in order to optimize storage conditions for preserving pollen viability. Pollen grains from 50 diverse spring wheat genotypes, each with three replicates, were harvested and stored at temperatures of 22 °C, −20 °C, and 4 °C. Subsequently, pollen viability and in vitro germination rates were determined after storage for 1, 3, and 6 days. The results revealed that storage temperatures, durations, genotypes, and their interactions had a statistically significant impact on both pollen viability and in vitro germination. Notably, when pollen was kept at 22 °C, almost all genotypes exhibited a loss of pollen viability and in vitro germination after 1, 3, and 6 days of storage. Likewise, storage at −20 °C failed to extend pollen germination. However, at a storage temperature of 4 °C, the pollen of 36 wheat genotypes exhibited a range of 6–14% for in vitro pollen germination and even remained viable for 6 days. The ANOVA revealed a substantial variation in grain number per spike between wheat genotypes, thereby highlighting the significant influence of genetic variations on grain yield. Moreover, a slight positive association between the viability of wheat pollen and the number of grains was found in the current study, suggesting that a variety of factors affect the number of grains produced. Simple linear regression analysis further revealed a significant negative correlation between pollen viability, in vitro germination, and storage time and temperature. In conclusion, our findings underscore that 4 °C is the optimal temperature for preserving pollen viability and in vitro pollen germination in spring wheat for up to 6 days. The results of the present study suggests that the pollen viability of wheat is dependent on genotype, storage temperature, and storage duration. Thus, the 36 wheat genotypes identified during the present work could be efficiently maintained at 4 °C for short-term storage (6 days) and could be further used for genetic and breeding purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Barium mono-ferrite (BaFe2O4) and barium hexa-ferrite (BaFe12O19) nanoparticles were produced by the sol–gel auto-combustion method. The prepared nanoparticles were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for structural, functional, and vibrational bonding, and morphological study, respectively. The optical, dielectric, and magnetic characteristics were explored by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectrophotometer, Impedance analyzer, and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The ferroelectric nature of magnetic nanoparticles was confirmed by the Multi-ferroic system. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy monitored electrical properties by current–voltage (I–V) curves. The structure of BaFe2O4 was orthorhombic having space group Pnma 3 while BaFe12O19 was identified as hexagonal with space group P63/mmc (194). FTIR and Raman spectrum identified chemical structural bonds. SEM micrographs revealed the distinct size of nanoparticles. Saturation magnetization (Ms) for BaFe12O19 was 25.88 emu/g with a coercivity (Hc) value of 9668.05 and greater than BaFe2O4 with 1.4 emu/g and 2038. Di-electric properties of BaFe12O19 were higher than BaFe2O4 and not considered encouraging for photovoltaic applications. BaFe2O4 indicated balanced absorbance (1.03%) in the UV–visible region with 1.51 eV direct band gap that justified the main characteristics of a PV material. BaFe12O19 possessed high absorbance (37%) in the UV region with an indirect band gap of 1.24 eV that not believed as a viable choice for PV functioning. The fluorescence emission spectrum resulted higher concentration of 106 for BaFe12O19 while 51.3 for BaFe2O4 in the visible region. The highly concentrated materials could damage PV module by triggering hot spot. The I–V curves unveiled BaFe2O4 more respondents to dark and photo-current while BaFe12O19 possessed a negligible response. Above-stated results established that BaFe2O4 is comparatively a novel nano-ferrite that comprises more supportive properties for photovoltaic applications than BaFe12O19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child maltreatment has been identified as a significant problem, both within India and outside. According to UNICEF, over the last decade, there has been a growing recognition about this, but the problem has remained unresolved largely due to being underreported and undocumented. Previous research in this area has reported inconsistent gender differences across the world. Besides, there are shreds of evidence to suggest that childhood maltreatment would be associated with nightmares later in life, but a handful of studies exist in this context. Moreover, there is a paucity of research concerning the interaction effect of gender and group (nightmare sufferer vs non-sufferer) on childhood maltreatment. Owing to the insufficient research and inconsistent findings, the present study aimed to investigate gender differences in childhood maltreatment among nightmare sufferers as compared to non-sufferers. A total of 120 participants were selected from New Delhi. The results of two-way ANOVA suggest that the nightmares later in life would be associated with the abuse and neglect experienced during childhood as nightmare sufferer group reported having higher rates of child abuse and neglect than non-sufferers. It also suggests that male participants in general experience childhood maltreatment more than females; however, emotional abuse was experienced by males only if they belonged to the nightmare sufferer group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phubbing, a pervasive social behavior linked to smartphone usage, involves users neglecting their conversation partners to engage with their phones. Despite consistent exploration of its association with the concept of fear of missing out (FOMO), findings in the existing literature exhibit notable inconsistency. To address this gap, this study employs a systematic review and meta-analysis to scrutinize the intricate relationship between phubbing behavior and FOMO. A comprehensive systematic review, spanning up to December 10, 2023, encompassed databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The resulting dataset comprised 27 eligible studies, incorporating insights from 20,415 participants across 15 countries. Rigorous evaluation of study quality was executed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, while statistical analyses were meticulously conducted using R Studio. Revealing a robust positive association, phubbing behavior was significantly linked to FOMO (effect size[ES] = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.49, I2: 97.5%, τ2: 0.05). Correcting for detected publication bias using the Trim and Fill method, an additional 16 studies were included, fortifying the robustness of the findings. Moderation analysis uncovered significant influences of location (p < 0.01), income level (p < 0.01), sampling method (p < 0.01), phubbing scale (p < 0.01), and FOMO scale and type (p < 0.01) on the estimated relationship. Univariate meta-regression highlighted the substantial impact of sample size (R2 = 11.81%, p < 0.01), while multivariate meta-regression illuminated the combined effects of publication year, study quality score, sample size, mean age, and female proportion on the estimated relationship (k = 19, R2 = 52.85%, I2 = 93.78%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, post hoc influential analysis, conducted through the leave-one-out method, offered additional depth to the examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Because of its low frequency in adult populations and clinical and laboratory overlap with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and other T-cell lymphomas, T-cell/natural killer (NK) cell systemic, chronic, active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (T/NK sCAEBV) infection remains underdiagnosed, preventing critical, prompt therapeutic interventions. Methods We report a 5-case series that included 2 adult patients with T/NK sCAEBV and 3 additional adult patients with T/NK lymphomas with concomitant systemic EBV infection to review these entities' overlapping diagnostic and clinical features. Results Approximately 95% of the world population has been infected with EBV during their lifetime, and infection is usually asymptomatic, with symptomatic cases eventually resolving spontaneously. A small subset of immunocompetent patients develops CAEBV, a life-threatening complication resulting from EBV-infected T-cell or NK cell neoplastic lymphocytes. The sites of end-organ damage in T/NK sCAEBV demonstrate pathologic findings such as reactive lymphoid proliferations, making the diagnosis difficult to establish, with the only curative option being an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Conclusions This diagnosis is most prevalent in Asia, with few cases reported in Western countries. Adult age is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes, and most cases are diagnosed in pediatric populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bomb blast injuries result in premature deaths and burdening of healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics and outcome of patients presenting to the emergency departments in Pakistan with bomb blast injuries.Methods: Active surveillance was conducted in seven major emergency departments of Pakistan from November 2010-March 2011. All the sites are tertiary care urban centers. All the patients who presented to the hospital's emergency department (ED) following a bomb blast injury as per self-report or the ambulance personnel were included in the study. Frequency of demographics, injury pattern, and outcomes were calculated.Results: A total of 103 patients with bomb blast injuries presented to the selected emergency departments. The median age of patients was 30 years. Around three-fourth of the patients were males (n = 74, 74.7%). Most of the bomb blast patients were seen in Peshawar (n = 41, 39.8%) and Karachi city (n = 31, 30.1%) and the most common mode of arrival was non-ambulance transport (n = 71, 76.3%). Upper limb injuries (n = 12, 40%) were common in the under 18 age group and lower limb injuries (n = 31, 39.2%) in the 18 years and above group. There were a total of 8 (7.7%) deaths reported out of these 103 patients.Conclusion: Bomb blast injuries in Pakistan generally affect young males. Non-ambulance transport is the most common way to access emergency departments (ED). Overall ED mortality is high and capturing data during a disaster in an emergency department is challenging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both behavioral and neuroimaging evidence support a female advantage in the perception of human faces. Here we explored the possibility that this relationship may be partially mediated by female sex hormones by investigating the relationship between the brain’s response to faces and the use of oral contraceptives, as well as the phase of the menstrual cycle. First, functional magnetic resonance images were acquired in 20 young women [10 freely cycling and 10 taking oral contraception (OC)] during two phases of their cycle: mid-cycle and menstruation. We found stronger neural responses to faces in the right fusiform face area (FFA) in women taking oral contraceptives (vs freely cycling women) and during mid-cycle (vs menstruation) in both groups. Mean blood oxygenation level-dependent response in both left and right FFA increased as function of the duration of OC use. Next, this relationship between the use of OC and FFA response was replicated in an independent sample of 110 adolescent girls. Finally in a parallel behavioral study carried out in another sample of women, we found no evidence of differences in the pattern of eye movements while viewing faces between freely cycling women vs those taking oral contraceptives. The imaging findings might indicate enhanced processing of social cues in women taking OC and women during mid-cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is frequently associated with hyperleukocytosis [white blood cell count (WBC) of >50 or >100 × 10 SP 9 sp /L at presentation] [[1]]. The decision to proceed with nonintensive therapy is influenced by both patient- and disease-specific factors with increasing age, comorbidity burden, or a diagnosis of secondary or therapy-related AML often serving as predictors of receiving nonintensive therapy [[15]]. In addition, the small number of patients undergoing leukapheresis, selection bias, and lack of details of nonintensive therapies for most patients precluded multivariate analysis and definite conclusions regarding the impact of leukapheresis in this population. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: histiocytosis; imatinib; Rosai-Dorfman disease EN histiocytosis imatinib Rosai-Dorfman disease 868 870 3 05/10/21 20210601 NES 210601 Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which can be classified as either localized to the lymph nodes or localized with extranodal disease. Diagnosis was achieved with open biopsy of a tibial lesion and pathology reviewed at the National Institute of Health (NIH) confirmed Rosai-Dorfman disease. In conclusion, this case reports an unprecedented response to tyrosine kinase inhibition in an aggressive case of multifocal nodal and skeletal Rosai-Dorfman disease that correlates with overexpression of PDGFR- in malignant histiocytes. [Extracted from the article]

We report on the screening and development of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for adult patients with clinically aggressive sickle cell disease (SCD) at our institution. Of 50 adult SCD patients referred for HSCT between January 2014 and March 2017, 20% were denied by insurance. Of 41 patients initially screened, 10% lacked an available haploidentical donor, 29% had elevated donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), and 34% declined to proceed to HSCT. All 10 patients who were transplanted received peripheral blood stem cells. The initial 2 were conditioned with alemtuzumab/total body irradiation (TBI) 3 Gy followed by post-transplant cyclophosphamide and failed to engraft. The next 8 patients received the regimen developed at Johns Hopkins University with TBI 3 Gy. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was administered from day +12 in those with HbS < 30%. All 8 patients engrafted with a median time to neutrophil >.5 × 10 9 /L of 22 days (range, 18 to 23). One patient subsequently lost the graft, and 7 (87.5%) maintained >95% donor cell chimerism at 1-year post-HSCT. Two patients developed acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) of at least grade II. One had chronic GVHD and died >1 year after HSCT of unknown causes. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 11 to 29), 7 patients (87.5%) are alive. Our findings suggest that limited insurance coverage, high rate of DSAs, and patient declining HSCT may limit the availability of haploidentical HSCT in adult SCD patients. The modified Hopkins regimen used here demonstrates high engraftment and low morbidity rates and should be tested in larger, multicenter, prospective clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this phase 1 study, we tested increasing doses of total marrow irradiation (TMI) in addition to standard intravenous melphalan at 200 mg/m2 (Mel200) in the conditioning regimen prior to autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for multiple myeloma (NCT02043847). Twelve patients aged 18-75 with relapsed myeloma were enrolled in the study and received Mel200 and TMI 3 Gy (n = 3), 6 Gy (n = 3), or 9 Gy (n = 6) prior to transplant. There were no grade 4 extra-hematologic toxicities and a maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 11 and 13 d, respectively. At day 90, 73% of patients were in CR or VGPR. Median progression free survival (PFS) was 449 d and median overall survival (OS) was 966 d. We conclude that TMI at a dose of 9 Gy can be safely combined with Mel200 in therapeutic regimens for autologous transplant. Initial clinical results will prompt a phase 2 study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is rarely performed in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We utilized the chemotherapy-free, alemtuzumab/total body irradiation 300 cGy regimen with sirolimus as post-transplantation immunosuppression in 13 high-risk SCD adult patients between November 2011 and June 2014. Patients received matched related donor (MRD) granulocyte colony–stimulating factor–mobilized peripheral blood stem cells, including 2 cases that were ABO incompatible. Quality-of-life (QoL) measurements were performed at different time points after HSCT. All 13 patients initially engrafted. A stable mixed donor/recipient chimerism was maintained in 12 patients (92%), whereas 1 patient not compliant with sirolimus experienced secondary graft failure. With a median follow-up of 22 months (range, 12 to 44 months) there was no mortality, no acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and no grades 3 or 4 extramedullary toxicities. At 1 year after transplantation, patients with stable donor chimerism have normalized hemoglobin concentrations and improved cardiopulmonary and QoL parameters including bodily pain, general health, and vitality. In 4 patients, sirolimus was stopped without rejection or SCD-related complications. These results underscore the successful use of a chemotherapy-free regimen in MRD HSCT for high-risk adult SCD patients and demonstrates a high cure rate, absence of GVHD or mortality, and improvement in QoL including the applicability of this regimen in ABO mismatched cases (NCT number 01499888). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we examined the addition of intensity-modulated total marrow irradiation (TMI) delivered using a linear accelerator to a myeloablative chemotherapy conditioning regimen before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this phase I study, we enrolled 14 patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies who received escalating doses of TMI at 3 Gy (n = 3), 6 Gy (n = 3), 9 Gy (n = 6), and 12 Gy (n = 2) in combination with intravenous (i.v.) fludarabine 160 mg/m 2 and targeted busulfan (area under the curve, 4800 μM*minute). Peripheral blood mobilized stem cells were obtained from HLA-matched related (n = 9) or unrelated (n = 4) or 1 antigen-mismatched unrelated (n = 1) donors. All patients rapidly engrafted and recovered their immune cells. Overall, Bearman extrahematologic toxicity were limited to grades 1 or 2, with oral mucositis grade 1 in 64% and grade 2 in 36% of the patients. With a median follow-up of 1126 days (range, 362 to 1469) for living patients, the overall survival was 50% and relapse-free survival was 43%. Of 7 deaths, 3 were due to relapse and 4 to transplantation-related complications. We conclude that 9 Gy TMI can be combined with myeloablative chemotherapy in the design of new preparative regimens for HSCT. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00988013 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]