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Background: Interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis (ILD/pneumonitis) has been identified as a drug-related adverse event of special interest of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), but there were a few reports of T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis in clinical practice. Methods: Between May 25, 2020 (the launch of T-DXd in Japan) and February 24, 2022, there were 287 physician-reported potential ILD/pneumonitis cases from the Japanese post-marketing all-case surveillance. By February 27, 2022, an independent adjudication committee assessed 138 cases and adjudicated 130 cases as T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis. The clinical features and imaging characteristics of these cases were evaluated. Results: The majority of adjudicated T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis cases were grade 1 or 2 (100/130, 76.9%). The most common radiological pattern types observed were organizing pneumonia patterns (63.1%), hypersensitivity pneumonitis patterns (16.9%), and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) patterns (14.6%). Eleven cases (8.5%) from 130 resulted in death; the majority of these (8/11, 72.7%) had DAD patterns. The overall proportion of recovery (including the outcomes of recovered, recovered with sequelae, and recovering) was 76.9%, and the median time to recovery was 83.5 days (interquartile range: 42.25–143.75 days). Most cases (59/71, 83.1%) that were treated with corticosteroids were considered responsive to treatment. Conclusions: This is the first report to evaluate T-DXd-related ILD/pneumonitis cases in clinical practice. Our findings are consistent with previous reports and suggest that patients with DAD patterns have poor outcomes. Evaluation of a larger real-world dataset may further identify predictors of clinical outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Clinical and imaging features of interstitial lung disease in cancer patients treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan" published in the International Journal of Clinical Oncology. The correction states that there was an error in Figure 5 of the original article, and provides the correct version of the figure. The publisher, Springer Nature, emphasizes its neutrality and lack of affiliation with any specific jurisdiction or institution. The article was authored by multiple individuals and their names are listed at the end of the correction notice. [Extracted from the article]

To clarify the physical and mental fatigue caused by intense exercise and the relationship between the two types of fatigue, we examined changes in anthropometric and biochemical variables, neutrophil function, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire in 13 female university judoists attending a one-week training camp. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, haemoglobin, leukocyte count, IgG, and phagocytic activity all decreased after the training camp compared with baseline (P ≤ 0.046). Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and neutrophil oxidative burst activity increased after the training camp (P ≤ 0.007). Of the POMS scores, that for Fatigue increased after the training camp (P = 0.041) and that for Vigour decreased (P = 0.042). The changes in several POMS scores correlated with the changes in blood biochemical variables. In particular, the change in Total mood disturbance was negatively associated with changes in myogenic enzymes (P ≤ 0.032). Our results suggest that intense exercise during training camps for female judoists leads to the appearance and accumulation of mental and physical fatigue, which are related to each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Airline flight personnel work in a unique environment with exposure to known or suspected carcinogens and mutagens including ionizing cosmic radiation. A meta-analysis was conducted to study whether the occupational exposure of female flight attendants (FA) increased their relative risk of cancer incidence. Methods. A bibliographical computer search from 1966 to 2005 of cancer incidence cohort studies of female FA was performed. Combined relative risks (RRc) in cancer incidence were calculated by means of meta-analysis. Results. RRc and 95% confidence interval (CI) for malignant melanoma and breast cancer in female FA were 2.13 (95% CI: 1.58–2.88) and 1.41 (1.22–1.62) ( p < 0.0001). Excess risk was not significant for all-site cancer with RRc of 1.10 (0.99–1.21). Conclusions. The meta-analysis confirmed the significantly increased risks for malignant melanoma and breast cancer in female FA. Increased exposure to cosmic radiation during flight has been suggested as a potential occupational risk factor. Ultraviolet radiation exposure on board seems an unlikely occupational risk, but nonoccupational leisure time sun exposure is a possible risk factor. The etiology of the observed increase in incidence of some cancers remains controversial because assessment of possible confounders, especially nonoccupational exposure factors, has thus far been limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the imported cases of Dermatobia hominis in Japan as shown by a traveler returning from Costa Rica. Myiasis is an infection by a fly maggot in the organs and living or necrotic tissue of vertebrae. Infestation occurred mainly in uncovered parts of the body such as the head, arms and legs. The recommended treatment of the infestation involves using oil which blocks respiration or simple removal of the larva surgically, followed by antibiotic administration to avoid a secondary baterial infection.

We experienced a case of Dermatobia hominis infestation from South America. Here we discuss imported cases of D. hominis in Japan with literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A response by Robert Wood Johnson to a letter to the editor about his article on the relations between reproductive factors and increased risk for breast cancer in the previous issue is presented.