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Presents information on a study which examined the magnetic bias and frequency responses of CoZrNb/SiO[sub2] multilayer films. Experimental details; Results and discussion; Conclusions.

Reports on the correlation of process parameters with morphology and magnetic properties of cobalt-based amorphous, soft, thin films. Anisotropy of a soft magnetic thin film; Effect of oblique incidence on symmetrizing the nanoscale morphology; Nanoscale morphologies of the films under different conditions.

Presents the results of the first high-resolution measurements of the transverse susceptibilities of ultrasoft rotating field annealed amorphous CoB thin films. Bias spectra for the ultrasoft films; Comparison of the measured susceptibilities to the Stoner-Wohlfarth theory.

We report on the antireflection property of AlOx film deposited on n-ZnO/p-Si photodiode and also report on the photoelectric properties of the diode fabricated for detecting both ultraviolet (UV) and visible photons. Optical reflectance spectra obtained from AlOx/ZnO/Si (100) samples exhibited that the reflectance in UV range over the bandgap of ZnO is lower than that in visible range below the bandgap. As characterized by current–voltage (I–V) measurements in the photon range of 310–670 nm, our photodiodes exposed to UV photons show a linear photocurrent increase with reverse bias while under visible photons the photocurrent rapidly rises but saturates from ∼5 V on. Our diodes exhibit 0.48 A/W of strong responsivity at 310 nm and 0.2 A/W at 670 nm under a reverse bias of 30 V but show weak responses near 380 nm which is the wavelength corresponding to the bandgap of ZnO. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We report on the photoelectric properties of n-ZnO/p-Si photodiodes which detect UV photons in the depleted n-ZnO and simultaneously detect visible photons in the depleted p-Si. As characterized by I–V measurements in the photon range of 310 to 650 nm our photodiodes exposed to UV photons show a linear increase in photocurrent with reverse bias. In the visible range, the photocurrent rises rapidly with bias but saturates beyond a critical voltage. Our diodes exhibit strong responsivities of 0.5 and 0.3 A/W for UV (310-nm) and red (650-nm) photons, respectively, under a 30-V bias with a weak minimum near 380 nm, the wavelength corresponding to the band gap of ZnO. It is concluded that our n-ZnO/p-Si diode can be a UV-enhanced photodiode that simultaneously detects UV and visible photons by employing two related photoelectric mechanisms in parallel. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on the fabrication of a heterojunction photodiode for the visible range that consists of a transparent insulating ZnO overlayer and a transparent semiconducting n-ZnO layer on p-Si. For device isolation, we implanted Si[sup +] ions into the n-ZnO layer. We have obtained a wide-range spectral responsivity curve for our isolated photodiodes, which showed a maximum quantum efficiency of 70% at 650 nm and a minimum of 10% at 420 nm. However, they exhibited an efficiency drop at 380 nm in the near-ultraviolet because the ZnO layers absorbed the photons of higher energy before they reached p-Si. The ion-beam-induced isolation considerably reduced dark leakage currents in our devices when the dose of Si ions was as high as 5×10[sup 15] cm[sup -2]. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tunneling rate of photocreated charge carriers between layers in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer structures is measured indirectly using the novel technique of bimolecular recombination quenching. The tunneling rate is measured as a function of the applied electrostatic potential difference between the layers as the temperature is varied between 300 and 4 K. This dependence is examined in light of the Marcus theory of charge transfer where the electrostatic potential replaces the chemical potential as the driving potential. The expectations of the Marcus theory are not met and the rate is effectively temperature independent, contrary to expectation. Other mechanisms are explored that may explain the lack of temperature dependence including the role of high frequency vibrations and the role of the zero point energy of those vibrations. The temperature dependence of the exciton dissociation probability is also examined. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents an abstract of the study 'Effect of Compositional and Structural Heterogeneities on the Magnetic Properties of Amorphous CoZrNb Thin Films,' by I. S. Jeong, E. Louis and R. M. Walser.

Zr-incorporated Gd2O3 films were grown on various substrates as a function of Zr content. The extent of interfacial reactions was found to be critically dependent on both the incorporated Zr content and the substrate type. Specifically, the silicide layer was suppressed and the Gd2O3 phase was changed to ZrO2 on a Si substrate with increasing Zr content. Crystalline Gd2Ge2O7 was grown on a Ge substrate, as the result of interfacial reactions between Gd-oxide and the Ge substrate. However, interfacial reactions were not affected by the amount of Zr incorporated. On the SiGe/Si substrate, reactions between Gd-oxide and Si could be controlled effectively by the incorporation of Zr, while the extent of reactions with Ge was significantly enhanced as the Zr content increased. The formation of an interfacial layer between the film and the SiGe substrate resulted in a textured crystalline growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model is developed that describes bimolecular recombination of photogenerated carriers in two dimensional systems. Carriers are free to diffuse in two dimensions and undergo bimolecular recombination, while drifting under the influence of an electric field in the third dimension. The model describes a competition between carrier loss due to transiting and loss due to bimolecular recombination. This model of recombination quenching is then used to obtain information on microscopic parameters associated with photogeneration efficiency and charge transport in organic quantum wells formed from Langmuir Blodgett films of conjugated molecules. The ratio of the intralayer to interlayer tunneling rates is found along with the quantum efficiency for photocarrier generation for two bis-phthalocyanine amphiphilic molecules. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. About 30% of patients with liver cirrhosis have diabetes. Postprandial hyperglycemia is more problematic than fasting hyperglycemia when managing diabetic patients with cirrhosis. Nateglinide decreases in the mealtime plasma glucose levels. The present study aims to determine whether nateglinide is suitable for the management of diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods. This was a retrospective analysis of the cirrhotic patients who were treated at CNUH between Jan 2003 and Dec 2009. A total of 81 Child-Pugh Class A or B patients who had been treated with insulin (I, n=27) or nateglinide (N, n=27) for at least 12 months were included in the study, while 27 cirrhotic patients without diabetes (C, n=27) were included as a control group. We compared the efficacy of treatment and the safety between the groups. Results. The basal mean HbA1c level was higher in the insulin treatment group than that in the nateglinide treatment group. The mean HbA1c was lowered in the patients treated with insulin (9.36 ± 1.71% → 7.69±1.52%, p=0.026), but this was not changed in the patients treated with nateglinide (8.01±2.37 % →7.78±2.11%, p=0.692) after 12 months treatment. There was no change in the Child-Pugh score in all the groups. Conclusion. In case of mild hyperglycemia, nateglinide may be used for glycemic control in diabetic patients with cirrhosis as an insulin substitute without worsening the state of liver cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A five-year-old female cocker spaniel was presented with left hind limb intermittent lameness after sliding one week earlier. There was no deviation of the right tarsal joint during extension and flexion of it upon a physical examination. However, there was mild pain and deviation medially on the left tarsal joint when the left tarsal joint flexed. Mild swelling of the left tarsal joint was detected upon a radiographic examination. Diagnosis was rupture of the lateral short collateral ligament (calcaneofibular ligament) of the left tarsal joint according to a physical examination. Surgical treatment was undertaken to reconstruct the lateral short collateral ligament using screws, washers and heavy suture material. The dog resumed a normal gait at nine weeks after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tunneling rate of photocreated charge carriers between layers in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayer structures is measured indirectly using the novel technique of bimolecular recombination quenching. The tunneling rate is demonstrated to be dependent upon the applied electrostatic potential difference between the layers. This dependence is explored in light of the Marcus theory of charge transfer. That theory was developed to describe redox reactions where the driving force is supplied by a chemical potential difference between two chemically different parts of a more complex system. In the current work the electrostatic potential replaces the chemical potential as the driving potential. The field dependence of the exciton dissociation probability is also determined. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]