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Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of non-protein-coding RNA with a length of at least 200 nucleotides. Existing evidence shows that lncRNA affects the growth and development of humans and the occurrence of diseases through various mechanisms, and plays an irreplaceable role in the differentiation and activation of immune cells and the development process of autoim-mune diseases. In recent years, lncRNA H19 has been found to play a unique regulatory function in pathological processes related to autoimmune diseases, such as inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, the molecular mechanism involved in H19 is expected to become a potential target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discussed the related mechanisms of H19 involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases based on the known functions of H19 and summarized the research results of H19 in several common autoimmune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] The Si/SiC composites were synthesized by one-step magnesiothermic reduction. [•] The mesoporous composites have a high specific surface area (655.7m2 g−1). [•] The composites exhibited a strong photoluminescence and better biocompatibility. [•] The mechanisms of formation and photoluminescence of sample were discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To study the influence of different cleaning methods on the corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel surface, this paper carried out polarisation curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studied on the uncleaned, acid pickling cleaning, and picosecond laser cleaning samples. The surface morphology of the samples after electrochemical testing was detected by laser confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and then the electrochemical corrosion behaviour of the samples in 3.5% NaCl solution was analysed under different cleaning methods. The results show that compared with the uncleaned sample, the corrosion potential of the sample after picosecond laser cleaning was relatively improved. At this time, the corrosion current density was as low as 2.29 × 10–6 A/cm2, the polarisation resistance value was as high as 18615 Ω·cm2, the impedance modulus was as high as 5.5 × 105 Ω, and the capacitance-impedance radius reached the maximum value. In conclusion, the corrosion resistance of the sample after picosecond laser cleaning was better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper designs a depth-of-field 3D code which can be used for product traceability anti-counterfeiting. • Studying the effect of different laser parameters on the depth-of-field unit module. • Research on recognition and information reading of depth of field 3D code. In order to reduce the market in a large number of counterfeit imitation products, product traceability anti-counterfeiting by more and more attention. Therefore, it is imperative to study product traceability and anti-counterfeiting marking technology. However, for products within a limited size, the data capacity of traditional Data Matrix (DM) code is insufficient to meet the storage requirements, and it is easy to clone and copy, which limits the development of laser marking technology. In order to improve the replication difficulty and information storage capacity of the Data Matrix code, the depth-of-field (DOF) 3D code is devised by adding Z-axis depth information to the original Data Matrix code, which can accommodate a larger information storage capacity and improve the reproduction difficulty of DM code, thus meeting the current commercial demand. In this paper, cemented carbide is taken as the research object, and DOF 3D code is marked on its surface by femtosecond laser, and the optimal process parameters are determined. At the same time, the recognition and information reading of DOF 3D code is studied, and the correctness and reliability of its information acquisition are tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the influence of picosecond laser on the cleaning quality of 316L stainless steel, and verify the feasibility of laser cleaning technology on stainless steel. In this paper, we used a picosecond laser for cleaning experiments on contaminated 316L stainless steel to study the effect of different laser process parameters on its surface cleaning quality and used a scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, digital microhardness tester and laser confocal microscope and other testing techniques to test the samples before and after cleaning. The results show that picosecond laser removal of stainless steel surface contaminants was the most effective when the laser power density was 19.1 × 105 W/cm2, the repetition rate was 80 kHz, the scanning speed was 1900 mm/s and the scanning spacing was 0.03 mm. Compared with the traditional cleaning process, the surface quality of the laser-cleaned samples was higher and more effective, which provided a reference from the application of laser cleaning technology on stainless steel surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Herein, intracellular glutamine metabolism level in lupus was revealed. • In this study, a direct detection of intracellular metabolites was used to evaluate the glutamine metabolism level, avoiding the metabolic environmental difference between in vitro culture and in vivo and reflected a more intuitive metabolic profile. • Evaluated the effect of regulation of glutamine metabolism on B cell subsets in MRL/lpr mice for the first time. • Previous studies have shown that inhibiting glutamine metabolism may be beneficial to lupus, and this study conducted a more in-depth study of the mechanism. Inhibition of glutamine metabolism could regulate mTOR/P70S6K/4EBP1 and NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathways in lupus. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocyte imbalance. The differentiation and function of T and B cells receive regulation from intracellular energy metabolism. Herein, we aimed to investigate glutamine metabolism levels in SLE and explore the effects of modulating glutamine metabolism on T and B cell subsets and related signaling pathways in MRL/lpr lupus mice. We assessed intracellular glutamine metabolism in SLE patients and MRL/lpr mice by measuring intracellular glutamate and Glutaminase 1 (GLS1) protein levels. Intraperitoneal injection of the GLS1 inhibitor CB839 was performed to reduce glutamine metabolism and lupus-like manifestations in MRL/lpr mice were evaluated. The proportions and numbers of T and B cell subsets were determinedvia flow cytometry. Pathway-related proteins were detected using western blotting. In this study, we reported that glutamine metabolism levels were aberrantly elevated in splenic mononuclear cells from MRL/lpr lupus mice, as well as in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients. Inhibition of glutamine metabolism by CB839 treatment for 8 weeks alleviated the lupus-like manifestations in MRL/lpr mice, including the kidney lesions, urinary protein/creatinine ratio, spleen index, and serum IgG1. Meanwhile, CB839 treatment ameliorated the depletion of IL-10 producing B cells (B10) and adjusted the Th1/TH2 and TH17/Treg imbalance. The inhibition of GLS1 by CB839 reduced the numbers of follicular helper T (TfH) cells and activated B cells in lupus mice. The proportions of mature B cells and plasma cells were not affected. Furthermore, the hyperactivated mTOR/P70S6K/4EBP1 and NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathways in MRL/lpr mice were reversed by CB839 treatment. Our study confirmed the presence of abnormal intracellular glutamine metabolism in SLE and revealed potential therapeutic targets for this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]