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In the last decade – now that his sexual abuse is no longer deniable – Christian ethicists have had to reconsider John Howard Yoder's theological contributions in the late twentieth century. This essay considers how the witness of the women who survived his abuse exposes the sexism latent in his development of a framework for moral discernment and community discipline. Yoder designed an ecclesiology that was congruent with his pursuit of unaccountable power over the women he used as subjects for working out his exploitative sexuality. His theological contributions, I argue, cannot be separated from his behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Application of the finite element method for investigation of pipe impact analysis. • 3D model and the coupled 1D/3D model of beam and shell element. • The models were validated for the impact analysis by experimental testing results. • The sensitivity analysis of the analysis results has been observed. • Elastic-plastic deformation of the pipe after the impact-contact. Pipelines in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) work under high pressure and temperature which may cause a guillotine rupture on the highly pressurized pipe during a sudden fracture due to a failure of any working component. Owing to the serious safety concerns resulting from such failures, it becomes important to understand the behaviour of these pipe structures under dynamic loading, particularly, the pipe whipping effect. Therefore, this research study deals with understanding the structural response of pipe whip with a computationally efficient Finite Element (FE) model. The complete three-dimensional (3D) FE model is modified and coupled with a one-dimensional (1D) FE model (coupled 1D/3D FE model) and solved under the exact transient conditions, and compared with the complete 3D FE model. The computational time of the complete 3D approach was reduced to about 10 times using the coupled 1D/3D model without compromising on the accuracy of the numerical results. Furthermore, the numerical results were found to be in close agreement with the referenced experimental data. This research provides justifiable results from the FE models where the dynamic behaviour of high-pressure pipes under transient conditions can be simulated by using the proposed coupled 1D/3D modelling approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tensile work hardening behaviour of P92 steel has been examined over wide range of temperatures (300–923 K) and strain rates (3.16×10 −5 –1.26×10 −3 s −1 ) in terms of the variations of instantaneous work hardening rate ( θ ) with true stress ( σ ) and true plastic strain rate ( ε ̇ p ). At all the temperatures and applied strain rates, θ vs. σ exhibited two-stage work hardening behaviour characterised by a rapid decrease in θ at low stresses (transient stage) followed by a gradual decrease at high stresses (stage-III). θ vs. σ also exhibited three distinct temperature regimes along with signatures of dynamic strain ageing at intermediate temperatures and dominance of dynamic recovery at high temperatures. Analysis in terms of the variations of θ with ε ̇ p displayed a unified curvilinear behaviour independent of temperature. For a given applied strain rate, a linear correlation between θ and the reciprocal of plastic strain rate (1/ ε ̇ p ) was observed. As a consequence, the rate of change of true stress was observed to be directly proportional to plastic strain rate independent of temperature. Further, a unified description of tensile work hardening in terms of a master curve between work hardening rate ( θ ) and plastic strain rate normalised by applied strain rate ( ε ̇ p / ε ̇ a ) has been obtained for the range of strain rates and temperatures examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The variation of instantaneous work hardening rate (θ) with plastic strain rate () for P91 steel indicated that plots can be represented by a single master curve for the temperature range 300–873K. A linear correlation between θ and reciprocal of plastic strain rate () independent of temperature is obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Creep deformation and fracture behaviour of indigenously developed modified 9Cr–1Mo steel for steam generator (SG) tube application has been examined at 823, 848 and 873K. Creep tests were performed on flat creep specimens machined from normalised and tempered SG tubes at stresses ranging from 125 to 275MPa. The stress dependence of minimum creep rate obeyed Norton’s power law. Similarly, the rupture life dependence on stress obeyed a power law. The fracture mode remained transgranular at all test conditions examined. The analysis of creep data indicated that the steel obey Monkman–Grant and modified Monkman–Grant relationships and display high creep damage tolerance factor. The tertiary creep was examined in terms of the variations of time to onset of tertiary creep with rupture life, and a recently proposed concept of time to reach Monkman–Grant ductility, and its relationship with rupture life that depends only on damage tolerance factor. SG tube steel exhibited creep-rupture strength comparable to those reported in literature and specified in the nuclear design code RCC-MR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The work hardening parameters obtained from Hollomon and Ludwigson relations describing tensile flow behaviour of type 316L(N) austenitic steel yielded interesting inter-relationship. This is observed as a linear correlation between strength parameters i.e., strain hardening coefficients and transition stresses and respective strain parameters i.e., strain hardening exponent and transition strains independent of strain rate and temperature. The inter-relationship can be ascribed to be a consequence of universal scaling one obtained between strength parameters and ultimate tensile strength and other between strain parameters and uniform plastic strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature variation of AC susceptibility has been measured on YBa[sub 2](Cu[sub 1-x-] Mn[sub x])3O[sub 7-δ] samples with x values 0, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, 0.035 and 0.05, YBa[sub 2] (Cu[sub 0.075]Fe[sub 0.025])[sub 3]O[sub 7-δ] and YBa[sub 2] (Cu[sub 0.075]Ni[sub 0.025])[sub 3]O[sub 7 -δ]samples in the temperature range from 10 to 120 K. The weak link (inter-granular) and granular responses are distinctly pronounced at the studied fields of 0.2 to 30 Oe. The temperature variation of weak link critical current density J[sub cw] (T) indicates the inter-granular coupling to be of superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) type. The weak link AC loss calculated from the imaginary part of the AC susceptibility x″(T) is found to exhibit a power relation with temperature, with an average exponent value of 1.96. Field variation of AC susceptibility measured at 50 K and 77 K were well modelled with Kim's relation and the J[sub cw] at 50 K and 77 K were estimated from the fit parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The citizen creates the alien. The apparatus of citizenship establishes the criteria to determine who should be counted as undocumentable and therefore alien to lawful existence in this geographical territory. Detention centers extend the carceral imagination that subtends the modern state, which has claimed ownership of a particular land and has established a legal framework to criminalize and punish peoples who are categorized as threats to its vision for society. This paper tracks with Scriptural theologies that inform mechanisms of enslavement, the shadow side of citizenship. The United States is a project in social engineering, in population control, invested in registering and monitoring and relocating human life—all of which resonate with political trajectories outlined in biblical texts. The Scriptures are not salvific on their own terms. A liberative theology begins with a political commitment of solidarity. In this paper the detention center becomes a site from which to understand the carceral power that creates the world—a political landscape echoing with biblical theologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Tensile deformation and fracture behaviour of the three developmental heats of P9 steel for wrapper applications containing varying silicon in the range 0.24–0.60% have been examined in the temperature range 300–873K. Yield and ultimate tensile strengths in all the three heats exhibited gradual decrease with increase in temperature from room to intermediate temperatures followed by rapid decrease at high temperatures. A gradual decrease in ductility to a minimum at intermediate temperatures followed by an increase at high temperatures has been observed. The fracture mode remained transgranular ductile. The steel displayed signatures of dynamic strain ageing at intermediate temperatures and dominance of recovery at high temperatures. No significant difference in the strength and ductility values was observed for varying silicon in the range 0.24–0.60% in P9 steel. P9 steel for wrapper application displayed strength and ductility values comparable to those reported in the literature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: True stress (σ)–true plastic strain (ɛ) behaviour examined in the framework of various flow relationships for wide range of temperatures (300–873K) and strain rates (6.33×10−5 to 6.33×10−3 s−1) suggested that a combination of Ludwigson and Hollomon equations describes σ–ɛ behaviour most accurately in 9Cr–1Mo steel. The variations of instantaneous work hardening rate (θ =dσ/dɛ) and θσ with stress indicated two-stage behaviour characterised by a rapid decrease at low stresses (transient stage) followed by a gradual decrease at high stresses (stage-III). The variations of work hardening parameters and work hardening rate in terms of θ vs. σ and θσ vs. σ with respect to strain rate and temperature exhibited three distinct temperature regimes. σ–ɛ, work hardening parameters along with θ–σ and θσ–σ exhibited signatures of dynamic strain ageing at intermediate temperatures. Rapid decrease in flow stress and work hardening parameters and rapid shift in θ–σ and θσ–σ towards low stresses with decrease in strain rate and increase in temperature indicated dominance of dynamic recovery at high temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Tensile flow behaviour of P9 steel with different silicon content has been examined in the framework of Hollomon, Ludwik, Swift, Ludwigson and Voce relationships for a wide temperature range (300–873K) at a strain rate of 1.3×10−3 s−1. Ludwigson equation described true stress (σ)–true plastic strain (ε) data most accurately in the range 300–723K. At high temperatures (773–873K), Ludwigson equation reduces to Hollomon equation. The variations of instantaneous work hardening rate (θ = dσ/dε) and θσ with stress indicated two-stage work hardening behaviour. True stress–true plastic strain, flow parameters, θ vs. σ and θσ vs. σ with respect to temperature exhibited three distinct temperature regimes and displayed anomalous behaviour due to dynamic strain ageing at intermediate temperatures. Rapid decrease in flow stress and flow parameters, and rapid shift in θ–σ and θσ–σ towards lower stresses with increase in temperature indicated dominance of dynamic recovery at high temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Tensile stress–strain and work hardening behaviour of 9Cr–1Mo steel, containing three levels of silicon content (i.e., 0.24, 0.42 and 0.60wt.%) have been examined in the temperature range 300–873K in the framework of strain hardening law proposed by Voce. True stress–true plastic strain data for all test conditions were adequately described by Voce equation. The variations of work hardening parameters with temperature exhibited three different temperature regimes and displayed good correlations with the respective tensile properties of the steel. The variations of instantaneous work hardening rate with stress exhibited two-stage behaviour characterised by a rapid decrease in work hardening rate (transient stage) at low stresses followed by a gradual decrease (stage-III) at high stresses. Both work hardening parameters and instantaneous work hardening rate exhibited signatures of dynamic strain ageing at intermediate temperatures and dominance of dynamic recovery at high temperatures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Detailed analysis of true stress (σ)-true plastic strain (ε) data indicated that tensile flow behaviour of P92 ferritic steel can be adequately described by Voce equation at strain rates ranging from 3.16 × 10 −5 to 1.26 × 10 −3 s −1 over a temperature range 300–923 K. The steel exhibited two-stage work hardening in the variations of instantaneous work hardening rate (θ = dσ/dε) with stress. At all the strain rates, the variations in σ-ε, θ-σ and work hardening parameters associated with Voce equation with temperature exhibited three distinct temperature regimes. At intermediate temperatures, the variations in σ-ε, θ-σ and work hardening parameters with temperature and strain rate exhibited anomalous behaviour due to the occurrence of dynamic strain ageing in the steel. The shift in θ-σ towards low stresses, and rapid decrease in flow stress and work hardening parameters with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate suggested dominance of dynamic recovery at high temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Stress–strain was described most accurately by Ludwigson/Hollomon equations. [•] Voce equation described stress–strain adequately in the range 300–873K. [•] Three temperature regimes in tensile flow and work hardening have been observed. [•] Additional PWHTs results in the systematic variations in work hardening parameters. [•] Improved work hardening in PWHT conditions results from microstructural softening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Residual stress distribution was investigated in curved samples of laser peened Ti-6Al-4V. • Elevated temperature (300 °C) fatigue tests were done (R = −1) on similar curved samples. • Induced residual stress distribution was favorably retained at elevated temperature. • Crack initiation site shifted to a depth of ∼ 200 μm with 3 times increase in fatigue life at 400 MPa for the peened samples. • Fatigue striation spacings decreased for the peened samples. The influence of laser shock peening without coating (LPwC) on the induced compressive residual stress and the fatigue behaviour (R = −1 at 300 °C) was investigated on curved samples of Ti-6Al-4V. The stress relaxation after fatigue was also examined. In the peened samples crack initiation shifted to a depth of ∼ 200 μm, with 3 fold increase in fatigue life at 400 MPa. Decrease in fatigue striations in the laser peened (331.48 nm/cycle) samples compared to unpeened (410.54 nm/cycle) samples indicated retardation of crack propagation rate. Further, the effect of grain refinement and misorientation angles on fatigue behaviour is also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]